Infobox Disease Name Hereditarynonpolyposiscolorectalcancer Image Caption DiseasesDB 5812 ICD10 ICD10 ... Familial colorectalcancer type X the other half of hereditarynonpolyposis colon cancer syndrome ... cancer are diagnosed each year. Hereditarynonpolyposiscolorectalcancer is responsible for approximately 2 percent to 7 percent of all diagnosed cases of colorectalcancer . The average age ... DEFAULTSORT HereditaryNonpolyposisColorectalCancer Category Gastrointestinal cancer Category ... nonpolyposiscolorectalcancer is an autosomal dominant genetic condition which has a high risk of colon ... nonpolyposiscolorectalcancer in 95 families differences and similarities between mutation positive ... A, Boland CR, Terdiman JP, et al. title Revised Bethesda Guidelines for hereditarynonpolyposiscolorectal ... with hereditarynonpolyposis colon cancer journal Cell volume 75 issue 5 pages 1027 38 year ... PMS homologues in hereditarynonpolyposis colon cancer journal Nature volume 371 issue 6492 pages ... journal pmid 10348829 volume 116 issue 6 title New clinical criteria for hereditarynonpolyposiscolorectal ... 2009 title Colorectalcancer due to deficiency in DNA mismatch repair function a review journal ... defect, and use the term Familial colorectalcancer type X when the Amsterdam criteria are met but there is no known ... in Amsterdam I criteria families without mismatch repair deficiency familial colorectalcancer ... occur in the Colon anatomy proximal colon . The mean age of colorectalcancer diagnosis is 44 .... ref http www.annalsnyas.org cgi content abstract 910 1 62 Pathology of HereditaryNonpolyposisColorectalCancer JASS 910 1 62 Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Bot generated title ref ... colorectalcancer and the role of hPMS2 and hEXO1 mutations journal Clin. Genet. volume 65 issue ... diagnosis of colorectalcancer, one of whom is a first degree parent, child, sibling relative ... cancertopics pdq genetics colorectal healthprofessional National Cancer Institute Genetics ... more details
rates of colorectalcancer. The most common of these is hereditarynonpolyposiscolorectalcancer HNPCC or Lynch syndrome which is present in about 3 of people with colorectalcancer. ref name Lancet10 ...Infobox disease Name Colorectalcancer ICD10 ICD10 C 18 c 15 ICD10 C 20 c 15 ICD10 C 21 c 15 ICD9 ICD9 ... 413 eMedicine mult EMedicine2 med 1994 EMedicine2 ped 3037 DiseasesDB 2975 Colorectalcancer ... in bowel habits. Most colorectalcancer occurs due to lifestyle and increasing age with only a minority ... wall. Screening is effective at decreasing the chance of dying from colorectalcancer and is recommended ... quality of life . Colorectalcancer is the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world ... that worldwide, in 2008, 1.23 million new cases of colorectalcancer were clinically diagnosed ... and signs of colorectalcancer depend on the location of tumor in the bowel , and whether it has spread ... The diagnostic value of symptoms for colorectalcancer in primary care a systematic review journal ... colorectalcancer and polyps a systematic review. journal BMC gastroenterology date 2011 May 30 ... intake are risk factors for colorectalcancer as is obesity , smoking and a lack of physical exercise ..., G, Kosmidis, PA title Colorectalcancer and inflammatory bowel disease epidemiology, risk factors ... 2 get colorectalcancer after 10 years, 8 after 20 years, and 18 after 30 years. ref ... 4 pages 22 pmid 19822006 ref Pathogenesis Colorectalcancer is a disease originating from the epithelium ... volume 86 issue 7 pages 95 102 year 1999 ref The most commonly mutated gene in all colorectalcancer ... of Cancer Molecular Basis of ColorectalCancer journal N. Engl. J. Med. volume 361 issue 25 pages ... Cancer . TGF has a deactivating mutation in at least half of colorectal cancers. Sometimes TGF ... Deletion genetics deletion of its chromosome segment in colorectalcancer. ref cite journal author Mehlen P, Fearon ER title Role of the dependence receptor DCC in colorectalcancer pathogenesis journal ... more details
italictitle Infobox Journal cover Image with unknown copyright status removed Image Clinical ColorectalCancer Cover Shot.jpg discipline Oncology abbreviation Clin. ColorectalCancer publisher Elsevier frequency quarterly editor Edward Chu country USA history 2001 present impact 2.724 impact year 2008 website http www.clinical colorectal cancer.com ISSN 1533 0028 Clinical ColorectalCancer is a Peer review peer reviewed medical journal published by CIG Media Group Cancer Information Group since 2001 and more recently, Elsevier late 2010 . The journal publishes original articles describing various aspects of clinical and translational research of gastrointestinal cancers. Clinical ColorectalCancer is devoted to articles on detection, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of colorectal, pancreatic, liver, and other gastrointestinal cancers. The main emphasis is on recent scientific developments in all areas related to gastrointestinal cancers. Specific areas of interest include clinical research and mechanistic approaches drug sensitivity and resistance gene and antisense therapy pathology, markers, and prognostic indicators chemoprevention strategies multimodality therapy and integration of various approaches. Abstracting and indexing Clinical ColorectalCancer is indexed in Index Medicus Pubmed , EMBASE Excerpta Medica, ISI Current Contents , CINAHL Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature , Chemical Abstracts , and Journal Citation Reports . Article types The journal publishes editorials, original research papers, comprehensive reviews, current treatment reports, case reports, brief communications, current trials, translational medicine pieces, and a Meeting Highlights section. External links http www.clinical colorectal cancer.com Category Oncology journals Category Publications established in 2001 Category Quarterly journals Category English language journals http www.healthocrates.com ColorectalCancer Prevention ColorectalCancer ... more details
by the DCC gene . DCC has long been implicated in colorectalcancer . While the official, full ... the same interchangeable name. Since it was first discovered in a colorectalcancer study in 1990 ... in ColorectalCancer DCC encodes a netrin receptor journal Cell volume 87 issue 2 pages 175 85 year ... ML, et al. title Phenotype of mice lacking functional Deleted in colorectalcancer Dcc gene ... in advanced colorectalcancer is loss of heterozygosity LOH of DCC in region 18q21. DCC in a receptor ... Forcet C, Ye X, Granger L, et al. title The dependence receptor DCC deleted in colorectalcancer ... of colorectalcancer have acknowledged that cancer formation is far more complex, but cancer .... Epigenetics Loss of DCC in colorectalcancer primarily occurs via chromosomal instability, with only ... Deleted in colorectalcancer is a putative conditional tumor suppressor gene inactivated by promoter ... between chromosome 18q genotype, DCC status and colorectalcancer prognosis journal Eur J Cancer ... types in colorectal tumors from patients with familial adenomatous polyposis journal Cancer ... Deleted in ColorectalCancer has been shown to Protein protein interaction interact with PTK2 , ref ... deleted in colorectalcancer defines an alternative mechanism for caspase activation journal PNAS Proc ... A T, Fearon E R year 1999 month Jan. title Netrin 1 interaction with deleted in colorectalcancer DCC ... that occur in advanced colorectalcancer were first identified, one of the most frequent ... dbget bin show pathway?hsa05210 1630 KEGG pathway for colorectalcancer http www.genome.jp dbget bin ... Colorectal default.htm BC Cancer Agency information on colorectalcancer Further reading Refbegin ... in colorectalcancer gene in normal and neoplastic tissues. journal Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant ... and alternative splicing of the deleted in colorectalcancer DCC gene in normal and malignant tissues ... Suzuki T, Ishioka C, Gamo M, et al. title Genetic alterations of human colorectalcancer journal Gan ... more details
for Colorectal And Intestinal Cancer Mouse Models for Familial Adenomatous Polyposis FAP FAP is a hereditary ... url http linkinghub.elsevier.com retrieve pii S0092 8674 00 81132 0 ref Mouse Models for Hereditarynonpolyposiscolorectalcancer HNPCC The most frequent mutations in HNPCC are mutations in the MSH2 ...Mouse Model organism models of colorectalcancer and intestinal cancer are experimental systems in which ... is the development of the APC mutant mouse model of colorectalcancer and the subsequent observation that cyclooxygenase expression is an early event in colorectal carcinogenesis. Genetic disruption of the cyclooxygenase ... . Further analysis of the APC gene revealed the existence of various mutations in cancer sufferers that also play a role in the onset of the sporadic form of colorectalcancer. ref name pmid1651174 ... mouse models of colorectalcancer is increased. APC was found to associate with catenins. ref name ... of mice. ref name pmid11872843 cite journal author Velcich A title Colorectalcancer in mice ... 7502046 ref Mouse models of chemically induced colorectalcancer Azoxymethane AOM is a genotoxic colonic ..., and understand in depth the molecular events that contribute to the development and spread of colorectalcancer. They also provide a valuable biological system, to simulate human physiological conditions ... of Ptgs 1, as well as Ptgs 2, reduces intestinal tumorigenesis in Min mice journal Cancer Res. volume ... cite journal author Taketo MM title Mouse models of gastrointestinal tumors journal Cancer Sci ... FAP. The Apc mutant mice are characterized by early lethality. There are genes modifying the cancer ... is implicated in colorectal carcinogenesis and its stability in the cell is regulated by APC. A mouse ... W title Mutation in the mismatch repair gene Msh6 causes cancer susceptibility journal Cell journal ... neoplasms in Msh2 deficient mice journal Cancer Res. volume 56 issue 16 pages 3842 9 year 1996 ... mice develop gastrointestinal cancer but the tumours differ in their microsatellite instability ... more details
This article lists notable people who were or have been diagnosed with colorectalcancer . Claude Debussy , French composer ref http w3.rz berlin.mpg.de cmp debussy.html ref Audrey Hepburn died January 20, 1993 ref http news.bbc.co.uk 2 hi entertainment 3667517.stm BBC ref Babe Didrikson Zaharias , American athlete ref http espn.go.com sportscentury features 00014147.html ESPN ref Bobby Moore , 1966 England World cup winning captain, died at age 51, 2 years after diagnosis. ref name news.bbc.co.uk Citation needed date October 2009 Carmen Marc Valvo , American Evening wear designer ref http www.aarpsegundajuventud.org english health 2008 WIN valvo.html AARP SegundaJuventud ref Charles M. Schulz , creator of Peanuts , died at age 77 60 days after diagnosis. ref http archives.cnn.com 2000 US 02 13 schulz.obit.02 index.html CNN ref Corazon Aquino , 11th President of the Philippines president of the Philippines who died 1 Aug 2009, aged 76. ref http www.abs cbnnews.com storypage.aspx?StoryID 112887 ref Darryl Strawberry Citation needed date October 2009 Eartha Kitt died December 25, 2008 ref ... spotlighthealth 2004 06 23 couric x.htm Katie Couric reports on colorectalcancer at USA Today ... 10, 1990 References Reflist Category Deaths from colorectalcancer ..., Dancer Eartha Kitt Dies of Colon Cancer at Age 81 date 2008 12 25 publisher Fox News accessdate ... Bowes Lyon Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother Developed colon cancer at age 66, died 2002 aged ... of colon cancer in 1998 at the age of 42 Couric became a spokesperson for colon cancer and an increase ... bowel cancer and founded the charities Beating Bowel Cancer and Lynn s Bowel Cancer Campaign. ref Lynn s Bowel Cancer Campaign http www.bowelcancer.tv cgi bin page.pl?page LynnsStory&accessability ... cancer. ref http www.cbsnews.com stories 2003 10 27 entertainment main580335.shtml Price Is Right ... , wife of Ozzy Osbourne , was diagnosed with colon cancer in 2002. The cancer was spread to her lymph ... more details
title Hereditary Breast Ovarian Cancer Syndrome BRCA1 BRCA2 publisher Stanford University accessdate 2008 09 02 Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ref Hereditary causes Pie chart caption Approximate proportion of hereditary breast cancer cases caused by each gene value1 28 label1 BRCA1 mutations ... FORCE Facing Our Risk of Cancer Empowered Hereditary, Genetic Breast or Ovarian Cancer and BRCA Issues http www.bracnow.com BRACNow.com Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Resource Breast cancer DEFAULTSORT Hereditary Breast Ovarian Cancer Syndrome Category Gynaecological cancer Category Breast cancer Category Hereditary cancers Category Rare cancers pl Dziedziczny rak piersi ...Image PedigreechartC.png right thumb Ovarian and breast cancer patients in a pedigree chart of a family Hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndromes HBOC produce higher than normal levels of breast cancer and ovarian cancer in genetically related families either one individual suffered from both, or several individuals in the pedigree chart pedigree suffered from one or the other disease . The hereditary factors may be proven or suspected to cause the pattern of breast and ovarian cancer occurrences ... can produce very high rates of breast and ovarian cancer, as well as increased rates of other cancers ... high rates of breast cancer among younger women with mutated genes, and despite being rare, 4 of women with breast cancer under age 30 have a mutation in this gene. ref name Morris PTEN gene PTEN ... CDH1 Mutations are associated with lobular breast cancer and gastric cancer . ref name Morris STK11 ... cancer, intestinal cancer, and pancreatic cancer . ref name Morris CHEK2 Approximately one out ... risk mutation, it may double or triple the carrier s lifetime risk of breast cancer, and also increase the risk of colon cancer and prostate cancer . ref name Morris Ataxia telangiectasia mutated ... of developing breast cancer. ref name Morris PALB2 Studies vary in their estimate of the risk from ... more details
colic disorders, such as Crohn s disease cancer of the colon and rectum Colorectalcancer repositioning of the rectal area if fallen out. anal cancer rare any injuries to the anus removal of objects ...Image Anorectum.gif thumb Colorectal surgery is a field in medicine, dealing with disorders of the rectum , anus , and Colon anatomy colon . The field is also known as proctology , but the latter term is now used infrequently within medicine, and is most often employed to identify practices relating to the anus and rectum in particular. the word proctology is derived from the Greek language Greek words Proktos , meaning anus or hindparts, and Logos meaning science or study . Physicians specializing in this field of medicine are called colorectal surgeons or proctologists. In the United States, in order to become colorectal surgeons, these surgical doctors have to complete a general surgery residency, as well as a colorectal surgery fellowship, upon which they are eligible to be certified in their field of expertise by the American Board of Colon and Rectal Surgery or the American Osteopathic Board of Proctology. In other countries, certification to practice proctology is given to surgeons at the end of a 2 3 year subspecialty Residency medicine residency by the country s board of surgery. Scope of the specialty Colorectal surgical disorders include varicosities or swelling, and inflammation of vein s in the rectum and anus Hemorrhoid s unnatural cracks or tears in the anus Anal fissure s abnormal connections or passageways between the rectum or other anorectal area to the skin surface Fistula s severe constipation conditions fecal incontinence protrusion of the walls of the rectum ... suffers from. Diagnostic procedures, such as a colonoscopy , are very important in colorectal surgery ... be done to correct the condition. Other diagnostic procedures used by colorectal surgeons include ... . http www.fascrs.org American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons Medicine DEFAULTSORT Colorectal ... more details
Gross appearance of a colectomy specimen containing two colorectal polyps and one invasive colorectalcancercolorectal carcinoma Image Tubular adenoma 2 high mag.jpg thumb right 200px Micrograph .... H&E stain . A colorectal polyp is a polyp medicine polyp fleshy growth occurring on the lining of the Colon ... 25 url http www.medicinenet.com colon polyps article.htm accessdate 2007 10 25 ref Untreated colorectal polyps can develop into colorectalcancer . ref name Medline cite web last Lehrer first Jenifer K. title Colorectal polyps publisher MedlinePlus date 2006 07 25 url http www.nlm.nih.gov medlineplus ency article 000266.htm accessdate 2007 10 25 ref Colorectal polyps are often classified by their behaviour ... tubular adenoma or malignant e.g. colorectal adenocarcinoma . Types The most common general classification ... than normal tissue to eventually become a cancer. Hyperplastic polyps are serrated polyps. Hyperplastic .... An adenoma is tumor glandular tissue, that has not yet gained the properties of a cancer. The common ... polyposis. People with juvenile polyposis have an increased risk of colon cancer. ref name Sternberg ... Colitis and Crohns disease . Symptoms Colorectal polyps are not usually associated with symptoms ... Colorectal polyps can be detected using a faecal occult blood test, flexible sigmoidoscopy , colonoscopy ... Type of polyp e.g. villous adenoma Tubular Adenoma 5 risk of cancer Tubulovillous adenoma 20 risk of cancer Villous adenoma 40 risk of cancer Size of polyp 1 cm 1 risk of cancer Citation needed date September 2009 1 cm 10 risk of cancer Citation needed date September 2009 2 cm 15 risk of cancer Citation needed date September 2009 Normally an adenoma which is greater than 0.5 cm ... more details
with a more than 75 risk of breast cancer and ovarian cancer , ref name Expert09 and hereditarynonpolyposiscolorectalcancer HNPCC or Lynch syndrome which is present in about 3 of people with colorectal ... of cancers are entirely hereditary. Diagnosis, Treatment, Epidemiology Cancer can be detected in a number of ways, including the presence of certain cancer symptoms signs and symptoms , cancer screening screening tests , or medical imaging . Once a possible cancer is detected it is diagnosed by histology ..., and colorectalcancer may lead to narrowing or blockages in the bowel resulting in changes in bowel ... of cancers are non hereditary sporadic cancers . Hereditarycancer s are primarily caused by an inherited ..., HJ, Lynch, HT, Minsky, B, Nordlinger, B, Starling, N title Colorectalcancer. journal Lancet date ... breast , prostate cancer prostate , lung cancer lung , pancreas , and Colorectalcancer colon . Sarcoma ... cancer 2.jpg An invasive colorectal carcinoma top center in a colectomy specimen. Image Lung cancer.jpg ... consumption of red or processed meat to an increased risk of breast cancer, Colorectalcancer colon ..., D, Tappenden, P title Chemoprevention of colorectalcancer systematic review and economic evaluation ...Other uses sprotected2 Infobox disease Name Cancer Image Tumor Mesothelioma2 legend.jpg Caption A coronal ... ICDO MedlinePlus 001289 eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D009369 Cancer IPA en k ns r en us cancer.ogg ... s, all involving unregulated cell growth. In cancer, cell biology cell s divide and grow uncontrollably, forming malignant tumors, and invade nearby parts of the body. The cancer may also metastasis ..., and do not spread throughout the body. Cause Determining what causes cancer is complex. Many things are known to increase the risk of cancer, including tobacco use, certain infection s, radiation , lack ... cite journal author Anand P, Kunnumakkara AB, Kunnumakara AB, et al. title Cancer is a Preventable Disease ... Kinz cite book author Kinzler, Kenneth W. Vogelstein, Bert title The genetic basis of human cancer ... more details
cancer syndromes Some of the most common hereditarycancer syndromes include Hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome HBOC , Hereditarynonpolyposiscolorectalcancer HNPCC , Cowden Syndrome ...A cancer syndrome , also called hereditarycancer syndrome , is the genetic predisposition to develop cancer . It increases a person s lifetime chance of developing cancer, and usually at earlier stages in life. The most common types of cancer that can be genetically transmitted include breast, colorectal, gynecologic and endocrine cancers. ref cite web url http mdanderson.org patient and cancer information cancer information cancer topics prevention and screening hereditarycancer syndromes index.html title Hereditarycancer syndromes accessdate 2009 10 24 ref However, cancer syndrome cases only account for 5 to 10 of all cancer cases. ref name B cite web url http answers.com topic familial cancer syndromes title Familial cancer syndromes accessdate 2009 10 24 ref Cancers that are caused by genetic predispositions are called hereditary cancers . Inheritance This genetic predisposition is usually .... Sporadic cancer vs hereditarycancer syndromes Hereditarycancer tends to occur at an abnormally early stage in life Hereditary gene changes can be passed on to new generations Inheriting individuals ... mismatch repair mismatch repair gene s. Cancer syndromes often manifest also in relatives and show ... can screen their cancers at earlier stages ref name D cite web url http facingourrisk.org hereditarycancerhereditarycancer and genetics.html title Hereditarycancer and cancer genetics accessdate 2009 10 24 ref Sporadic cancer tends to occur at a later stage in life Happens sporadically due to chance or environmental factors Risk of cancer is conditioned to external factors Lack of preventive behaviors can sometimes lead individuals to ignore possible cancer syndromes at early stages ref name D Hereditary predisposition patient features According to several authorities in the subject ... more details
s disease Celiac disease Radiation exposure Hereditary GI cancer syndromes familial adenomatous polyposis , hereditarynonpolyposiscolorectalcancer , Peutz Jeghers syndrome Male s are 25 more likely to develop the disease Benign tumour s and conditions that may be mistaken for cancer of the small ... of small bowel adenocarcinoma a colorectalcancer sibling? journal Am. J. Gastroenterol. volume 100 ... med topic2652.htm . Accessed on June 2, 2006. ref Small intestine cancer can be subdivided into duodenal cancer the first part of the small intestine and cancer of the jejunum and ileum the later two parts of the small intestine . Duodenal cancer has more in common with stomach cancer , while cancer of the jejunum and ileum have more in common with colorectalcancer . Several different subtypes of small intestine cancer exist. These include adenocarcinoma gastrointestinal stromal tumor lymphoma ileal carcinoid tumor Risk factors Risk factors for small intestine cancer include ref cite journal ... reflist 2 Digestive system neoplasia Category Gastrointestinal cancer fr Tumeurs de l intestin gr le ... more details
with a diagnosis of cancer and orders them to run more tests. He then heads for the cafeteria where ... still suspects cancer. Foreman accuses House of suggesting cancer so he has a reason to call in Wilson ... proved clean. House still believes in cancer and Kutner suggests they use a high pressure ... new and House orders chemo for the cancer he suspects she has. He goes to her room and signals ... form to receive chemotherapy, noting that he cannot tell her she has cancer because then she might think the treatment is working. Nonetheless, he hints she has cancer. As she signs, Apple talks ... House was right, but House concludes that it is not cancer. Back in differential, House notes he never thought it was cancer but thought it acted like cancer. Now he wants to find something that is similar to cancer, and notes the last patient was using methotrexate for his arthritis, which allegedly would also have treated any cancer. He goes to Wilson and asks for an epiphany, wanting ... believes that the donor had cancer stem cells spread in his organs, and when transplanted these spread ... imdb episode 1273723 Not Cancer HOUSE House episodes Category House season 5 episodes Category 2008 television episodes fr Cancer es tu l ? uk ... more details
, Maisonneuve P, DiMagno EP, et al. title Hereditary pancreatitis and the risk of pancreatic cancer. International Hereditary Pancreatitis Study Group journal J. Natl. Cancer Inst. volume 89 issue 6 ...Infobox disease Name Hereditary pancreatitis Image Caption DiseasesDB 30026 ICD10 ICD9 ICDO OMIM 167800 MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Hereditary Pancreatitis HP is an inflammation of the pancreas , attributed to genetic causes. It was first described in 1952 by Comfort and Steinberg ref name Comfort52 cite journal author Comfort MW, Steinberg AG title Pedigree of a family with hereditary chronic relapsing pancreatitis journal Gastroenterology volume 21 issue 1 pages 54 63 year 1952 ... journal author Whitcomb DC, Gorry MC, Preston RA, et al. title Hereditary pancreatitis is caused ... . The term hereditary pancreatitis is used when a genetic defect is identified, and familial pancreatitis ... with endocrine and exocrine failure and an increased risk of pancreatic cancer . Lifetime risk of cancer ... Clinical and genetic characteristics of hereditary pancreatitis in Europe journal Clin. Gastroenterol ... Ruault MC, Schnee M, et al. title Risk of pancreatic adenocarcinoma in patients with hereditary ... years and screening for early pancreatic cancer is being offered to HP sufferers on a research basis ... risk families for pancreatic cancer journal Pancreatology volume 9 issue 3 pages 215 22 year 2009 pmid ... DC title Hereditary pancreatitis new insights into acute and chronic pancreatitis journal Gut ..., Kingsnorth AN title Mutations of the cationic trypsinogen gene in hereditary and non hereditary pancreatitis ... cationic trypsinogen PRSS1 variants as hereditary pancreatitis associated mutations journal J. Med ... ref cite journal author Sahin T th M title Biochemical models of hereditary pancreatitis journal ... J, Lebert R, et al. title A novel A121T mutation in human cationic trypsinogen associated with hereditary ... in a p.R116C kindred. ref cite journal author Kereszturi E, Szmola R, Kukor Z, et al. title Hereditary ... more details
In set theory , a hereditary set or pure set is a Set mathematics set all of whose elements are hereditary sets. That is, all elements of the set are themselves sets, as are all elements of the elements, and so on. For example, it is vacuously true that the empty set is a hereditary set, and thus the set math varnothing math containing only the empty set math varnothing math is a hereditary set. In formulations of set theory that are intended to be interpreted in the von Neumann universe or to express the content of Zermelo Fraenkel set theory , all sets are hereditary, because the only sort of object that is even a candidate to be an element of a set is another set. Thus the notion of hereditary set is interesting only in a context in which there may be urelement s. The inductive definition of hereditary sets presupposes that set membership is well founded relation well founded i.e., the axiom of regularity , otherwise the recurrence may not have a unique solution. However, it can be restated non inductively as follows a set is hereditary if and only if its transitive set Transitive closure transitive closure contains only sets. In this way the concept of hereditary sets can also be extended to non well founded set theories in which sets can be members of themselves. For example, a set that contains only itself is a hereditary set. See also Hereditarily countable set Well founded set References cite book title Set Theory An Introduction to Independence Proofs author Kunen, Kenneth publisher North Holland year 1980 isbn 0 444 85401 0 Category Set theory settheory stub ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 A hereditary witch is one who is born into a tradition of esoteric origin. These traditions are often not recorded, except maybe in grimoire s which are also passed down, but rely primarily on oral and physical tradition. DEFAULTSORT Hereditary Witch Category Witchcraft Occult stub Culture stub ... more details
In mathematics , a hereditary property is a property of an object, that inherits to all its subobjects , where the term subobject depends on the context. These properties are particularly considered in topology and graph theory . In topology In topology , a topological property is said to be hereditary if whenever a space has that property, then so does every Subspace topology subspace of it. If the latter is true only for Closed set closed subspaces , then the property is called weakly hereditary . For example, second countability and metrisability are hereditary properties. sequential space Sequentiality and Compact space Hausdorff compactness are weakly hereditary, but not hereditary. ref Goreham, Anthony, http www.citebase.org cgi bin citations?id oai arXiv.org math 0412558 Sequential Convergence in Topological Spaces ref Connected space Connectivity is not weakly hereditary. In graph theory In graph theory , a hereditary property is a graph property property of a graph mathematics graph which also holds for is inherited by its induced subgraph s. ref name AS Cite journal last Alon ... url http www.math.tau.ac.il nogaa PDFS monotone1.pdf ref Alternately, a hereditary property is preserved by the removal of vertices. A graph class math mathcal G math is said hereditary if it is closed under induced subgraphs. Examples of hereditary graph classes are independent graphs graphs ... Independence complete multipartite etc. In some cases, the term hereditary has been defined with reference to graph minor s, but this is more properly called a minor hereditary property . The Robertson Seymour theorem implies that a minor hereditary property may be characterized in terms of a finite ... of a given signature logic signature is said to have the hereditary property if every substructure ... s theorem A class K of finitely generated structures has the hereditary property if every finitely ... , every subset of an independent set is again independent. This is also sometimes called the hereditary ... more details
hereditary. A commutative hereditary integral domain is called a Dedekind domain . A commutative semi hereditary integral domain is called a Pr fer domain . An important example of a left hereditary ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Confusing date March 2008 A hereditary monarchy is the most common type of monarchy and is the form that is used by almost all of the world s existing monarchies. Under a hereditary monarchy, all the monarchs come from the same family, and the The Crown crown is passed down from one member to another member of the family. The hereditary system has the advantages of stability, continuity and predictability, as well as the internal stabilizing factors of family affection and loyalty. For example, when the monarch king or monarch queen of a hereditary monarchy dies or abdicates, the crown is usually passed to the next generation, i.e., his or her child, typically in some order of seniority. When that child dies, the crown is in turn passed to his or her child, or, if no child exists, a sister, brother, niece, nephew, cousin, or other relative. Hereditary monarchies most usually arrange succession by a legislated, definite order of succession so that it is well known beforehand who will be the next monarch. Nowadays, the typical order of succession in hereditary monarchies is based on some form of primogeniture , but there exist other methods such as agnatic seniority seniority , tanistry and rotation , which were much more common in the past. Historically, there have been differences in systems of Order of succession succession , mainly revolving around the question of whether succession is limited only to males, or if females are also eligible to succeed ... regardless of gender. Elective monarchy can practically function as a hereditary monarchy, for example ... even centuries, and that hybrid situation should be described as pseudo elective, virtually hereditary ... officially hereditary in early modern age. See also List of hereditary monarchies Absolute monarchy ... birth DEFAULTSORT Hereditary Monarchy Category Monarchy ar ca Monarquia heredit ria ... Hereditary monarchy fi Periytyv monarkia sv Arvmonarki tr Irs monar i uk zh ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Hereditary hyperbilirubinemia Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 E 80 4 e 70 ICD10 E 80 6 e 70 ICD9 ICD9 277.4 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj med eMedicineTopic 1065 eMedicine mult eMedicine2 med 1066 MeshID D006933 Hereditary hyperbilirubinemia refers to the condition where levels of bilirubin are elevated, for reasons that can be attributed to a metabolic disorder. An example is Crigler Najjar syndrome . External links http www.som.tulane.edu classware pathology medical pathology New for 99 liver gb sld017.htm cite journal author Elferink RP, Ottenhoff R, Liefting W, de Haan J, Jansen PL title Hepatobiliary transport of glutathione and glutathione conjugate in rats with hereditary hyperbilirubinemia journal J. Clin. Invest. volume 84 issue 2 pages 476 83 year 1989 month August pmid 2760197 doi 10.1172 JCI114189 pmc 548906 Heme metabolism disorders Category Syndromes Category Heme metabolism disorders Category Hepatology medicine stub ... more details
as hereditarynonpolyposiscolorectalcancer HNPCC, also known as Hereditarynonpolyposiscolorectal ... nonpolyposiscolorectalcancer . Infertility Infertile women and those with a condition called ... degree relative with the disease, have an increased risk. Hereditary forms of ovarian cancer ... ovarian cancer syndrome Pie chart caption Approximate proportion of hereditary breast cancer cases caused .... ref http www.mayoclinic.com health breast cancer WO00095 ref A study found that Hereditary breast ... suggests that tubal ligation can reduce the risk of hereditary ovarian cancer by 72 per cent in women ...Infobox disease Name Ovarian cancer human ICD10 ICD10 C 56 c 51 , ICD10 D 27 d 10 ICD9 ICD9 183 , ICD9 ... med eMedicineTopic 1698 DiseasesDB 9418 MeshID D010051 Ovarian cancer is a malignant cancerous tumor ... Masses Are Cancer date March 9, 2010 ref Most more than 90 ovarian cancers are classified as epithelial ... cancer cells can mimic ovarian cancer. ref cite journal author Piek, J.M.J. date 2004 10 29 title Hereditary serous ovarian carcinogenesis, a hypothesis series Doctoral Theses Medicine publisher ... of gynecologic cancer . Signs and symptoms Signs and symptoms of ovarian cancer are frequently ... Mandel, L, Muntz, HG, Melancon, CH title Ovarian carcinoma diagnosis. journal Cancer date 2000 11 .... Most women with ovarian cancer report one or more symptoms such as abdominal pain or discomfort ..., Kehoe ST, Austoker J title Symptoms associated with diagnosis of ovarian cancer a systematic review ... cancer journal Obstet Gynecol volume 109 issue 5 pages 1053 61 year 2007 month May pmid 17470582 ... Goff BA, Mandel LS, Melancon CH, Muntz HG title Frequency of symptoms of ovarian cancer in women presenting ... abdominal size, and urinary symptoms was found in 43 of those with ovarian cancer but in only ... article 255771 overview title Ovarian Cancer accessdate July 27, 2010 ref Two case control studies ... with ovarian cancer had symptoms of increased abdominal size, bloating, urge to pass urine and pelvic ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Hereditary elliptocytosis Image Elliptocytosis.jpg Caption Blood smear showing elliptocytes ... eMedicineSubj ped eMedicineTopic 987 eMedicine mult eMedicine2 med 648 MeshID D004612 Hereditary ... as a heredity hereditary condition in 1932. ref cite journal author Hunter, WC title Further study ... ref Genetic prevalence Image Autosomal dominant uk.svg thumb right Hereditary elliptocytosis has an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. The incidence of hereditary elliptocytosis is hard ... The hereditary elliptocytoses clinical and linkage data. volume 26 issue 1 pages 23 38 issn 0003 ... subtypes of hereditary elliptocytosis are significantly more prevalent in regions where malaria ... pmid 3329776 year 1987 author Cattani, Ja Gibson, Fd Alpers, Mp Crane, Gg title Hereditary ovalocytosis ... all forms of hereditary elliptocytosis are autosomal dominant , and both sexes are therefore at equal ... of hereditary elliptocytosis called hereditary pyropoikilocytosis HPP , which is autosomal recessive . There are three major forms of hereditary elliptocytosis common hereditary elliptocytosis, spherocytic elliptocytosis and southeast Asian ovalocytosis. Common hereditary elliptocytosis ... Molecular determinants of clinical expression of hereditary elliptocytosis and pyropoikilocytosis journal ... www.bloodjournal.org cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 3620700 ref Common hereditary elliptocytosis in approximate ... hereditary haemolytic ovalocytosis the individual is European descent and elliptocytes and spherocytes are simultaneously present in their blood Pathophysiology Common hereditary elliptocytosis A number of genes have been linked to common hereditary elliptocytosis many involve the same gene as forms of Hereditary spherocytosis , or HS class wikitable Type OMIM Gene EL1 or HS5 OMIM2 611804 EPB41 ... in a capillary, but in hereditary elliptocytosis the instability of the cytoskeleton means that erythrocytes ... be, meaning that the erythrocytes of people with hereditary elliptocytosis have a shorter than ... more details
Infobox disease Name Hereditary pyropoikilocytosis Image Alt Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD9 ICDO OMIM 266140 MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Hereditary pyropoikilocytosis HPP is an autosomal recessive form of hemolytic anemia characterized by an abnormal sensitivity of red blood cell s to heat and erythrocyte morphology similar to that seen in thermal burns. Patients with HPP tend to experience severe haemolysis and anaemia in infancy that gradually improves, evolving toward typical elliptocytosis later in life. However, the hemolysis can lead to rapid sequestration and destruction of red cells. Splenectomy is curative when this occurs. HPP has been associated with a defect of the erythrocyte membrane protein spectrin and with spectrin deficiency . It was characterized in 1975. ref cite journal author Zarkowsky HS, Mohandas N, Speaker CB, Shohet SB title A congenital haemolytic anaemia with thermal sensitivity of the erythrocyte membrane journal Br J Haematol year 1975 pages 537 43 volume 29 issue 4 pmid 1191563 doi 10.1111 j.1365 2141.1975.tb02740.x ref It is considered a severe form of hereditary elliptocytosis . ref name pmid21054813 cite journal author King MJ, Jepson MA, Guest A, Mushens R title Detection of hereditary pyropoikilocytosis by the eosin 5 maleimide EMA binding test is attributable to a marked reduction in EMA reactive transmembrane proteins journal Int J Lab Hematol volume 33 issue 2 pages 205 11 year 2011 month April pmid 21054813 doi 10.1111 j.1751 553X.2010.01270.x url http onlinelibrary.wiley.com resolve openurl?genre article&sid nlm pubmed&issn 1751 5521&date 2011&volume 33&issue 2&spage 205 ref See also Erythrocyte Poikilocytosis List of hematologic conditions References reflist Category Red blood cell disorders Category Autosomal recessive disorders Category Cytoskeletal defects disease stub Cytoskeletal defects ... more details
Image RGPbadge.jpg 200px thumb right 19th Century Commander s Badge, Russian Grand Priory A Hereditary Commander is a Knight Commander whose family holds that title by hereditary right. Hereditary Commanders .... The award was not hereditary the recipients commanders were obligated to contribute a share of commandery ... hereditary commanderies to 99. ref name Sh337 In 1799 Paul decreed the statute for hereditary commanderies ... ordinary commanderies that provided direct financial benefits to their commanders, hereditary ... rouble s annual income. ref name Sh337 Hereditary commanderies remitted 10 of their revenue to the Order ... only 24 Hereditary Commanders could ever have existed. In Article XI, it is also true that more than ... were by courtesy allowed, on confirmation from the Russian Emperor, the title Hereditary ... needed by candidates Russian Hereditary Commanders, must be confirmed as such under the Russian Laws ... de l Ordre de Malte, et son Grand Prieur Russe, Paris 1955 , page 50. ref . Hereditary Commanders in exile 1928 On June 24, 1928, twelve Russian Hereditary Commanders met in Paris to establish the Union of Hereditary Commanders and Knights of the Grand Priory of Russia of the Order of Saint John ... as Knights, and a Hereditary Commander of the Catholic Grand Priory of Russia Citation needed ... Throne Grand Duke Vladimir Kirillovich of Russia Grand Duke Vladimir , applicants claiming to the Hereditary ... to decline into the 1970s, and lines of several Hereditary Commanders coming to an end continued ... Imperial origin. Hereditary Commanders of the Italian Tradition Similar to those of the Russian Tradition of the Order of St. John, the grade of Hereditary Commander is a traditional rank within ... The Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus by L. Mendola ref Hereditary Commanders of the French Tradition ..., acquired considerable powers, and the position was in few cases hereditary fiefdom , known as sirerie . ref http www.heraldica.org topics france noblesse.htm Nobility and Titles in France ref . Hereditary ... more details
Infobox disease Name Hereditary stomatocytosis Image Caption DiseasesDB 29710 ICD10 ICD10 D 58 8 d 55 ICD9 ICD9 282.8 ICDO OMIM 185000 OMIM mult OMIM2 185010 MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic Hereditary stomatocytosis describes a number of inherited autosomal dominant human conditions which affect the red blood cell, in which the membrane or outer coating of the cell leaks sodium and potassium ions. Pathophysiology Osmosis leads to the red blood cell having a constant tendency to swell and burst. This tendency is countered by manipulating the flow of sodium and potassium ions. A pump forces sodium out of the cell and potassium in, and this action is balanced by a process called the passive leak . In the hereditary stomatocytoses, the passive leak is increased and the cell becomes swamped with salt and water. The cell lyses and a haemolytic anaemia results. For as yet unknown reasons, the cells take on an abnormal shape, resembling a mouth or stoma . Variants Haematologists have identified a number of variants. These can be classified as below. Overhydrated hereditary stomatocytosis Dehydrated HSt hereditary xerocytosis hereditary hyperphosphatidylcholine haemolytic anaemia Dehydrated with perinatal ascites Cryohydrocytosis Blackburn variant. Familial pseudohyperkalaemia There are other families that do not fall neatly into any of these classifications. ref cite journal author Oski FA, Naiman JL, Blum SF, et al. title Congenital hemolytic anemia with high sodium, low potassium red cells. Studies of three generations of a family with a new variant journal N. Engl. J. Med ... is also found as a hereditary disease in Alaskan malamute and miniature schnauzer dogs ... occur for which anticoagulation may be needed. Causes The cause for these hereditary conditions is now ..., Iarocci TA, et al. title Hereditary stomatocytosis consistent association with an integral membrane ... cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 1547348 Hematology Category Hereditary hemolytic anemias ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
