Image Pons very high mag.jpg thumb right Micrograph of the pons using a H&E stain hematoxylin & eosin luxol fast blue stain. Luxol fast blue stain , abbreviated LFB stain and simply LFB , is a commonly used staining stain to observe myelin under light microscopy . It is the alcohol soluble counterpart of the water soluble alcian blue . The stain works via an acid base reaction with the base of the lipoprotein in myelin replacing the base of the dye and causing a colour change. Under the stain, myelin fibers appear blue, neuropil appears pink, and nerve cells appear purple. It is often combined with hematoxylin and eosin , which is abbreviated H E LFB , H&E LFB . See also H&E stain Bielschowsky stain References Sheehan D, Hrapchak B, Theory and practice of Histotechnology, 2nd ed,1980, pp. 262 264, Battelle Press, Ohio. Category Staining biology stub ... more details
Infobox University name Arturo Michelena University motto Ilumina Sabidur a y Futuro Illuminates Wisdom and Future image established 2001 type Private University Private calendar 4 1 4 rector Alberto Cadenas city Valencia Venezuela Valencia state Carabobo country Venezuela undergrad postgrad faculty campus mascot free label website http www.uam.edu.ve logo The Arturo Michelena University Spanish language Spanish Universidad Arturo Michelena , UAM is the biggest private university located in Valencia Venezuela Valencia , Venezuela. It offers graduate and postgraduate studies in different areas, and has around 20000 students, mostly coming from the central part of the country. The name name comes from the Venezuelan artist Arturo Michelena . Faculties Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences Social Communication Psychology Public accountancy Commercial Administration Faculty of Law and Political Sciences Law Faculty of Health Sciences Physiotherapy Imagenology Histotechnology Citotechnology Faculty of Engineering Electronic Engineer Faculty of Humanities, Arts and Letters Arts Music Graphic Design Modern Languages References Reflist coord missing Venezuela Category Universities in Venezuela Category Venezuela stubs Buildings Category Valencia, Venezuela Category Educational institutions established in 2001 Category 2001 establishments in Venezuela SouthAm university stub Venezuela stub es Universidad Arturo Michelena ... more details
refimprove date February 2007 chembox Verifiedfields changed verifiedrevid 462265517 ImageFile Orange G.svg ImageFile1 ImageFile2 IUPACName OtherNames Acid Orange 10 br C.I. 16230 Section1 Chembox Identifiers ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 10468647 ChEMBL Ref ebicite correct EBI ChEMBL 410263 ChEMBL2 1615565 InChI 1 C16H12N2O7S2.2Na c19 13 7 6 10 8 12 26 20,21 22 9 14 27 23,24 25 15 10 16 13 18 17 11 4 2 1 3 5 11 h1 9,19H, H,20,21,22 H,23,24,25 q 2 1 p 2 b18 17 InChIKey HSXUHWZMNJHFRV JLAJEUQUBD StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C16H12N2O7S2.2Na c19 13 7 6 10 8 12 26 20,21 22 9 14 27 23,24 25 15 10 16 13 18 17 11 4 2 1 3 5 11 h1 9,19H, H,20,21,22 H,23,24,25 q 2 1 p 2 b18 17 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey HSXUHWZMNJHFRV QIKYXUGXSA L CASNo Ref cascite changed ?? CASNo 1936 15 8 PubChem 9566064 KEGG Ref keggcite changed kegg KEGG C19372 SMILES Na . Na . O S O O c3cc2ccc O c N N c1ccccc1 c2c c3 S O O O Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 16 sub H sub 10 sub N sub 2 sub Na sub 2 sub O sub 7 sub S sub 2 sub MolarMass 452.38 g mol Appearance Density MeltingPt BoilingPt Solubility Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards R36 37 38, S26, S36 FlashPt Autoignition Orange G or orange gelb ref cite book title Histotechnology A Self Instructional Text last1 Carson first1 Freida L last2 Hladik first2 Christa year 2009 publisher American Society for Clinical Pathology Press location Hong Kong isbn 9780891895817 page 362 edition 3 ref is a synthetic azo dye used in histology in many staining formulations. It usually comes as a disodium salt. It has the appearance of Orange colour orange crystals or powder. Staining The main use of Orange G is in the OG 6 Papanicolaou stain , to stain keratin , however it is also a major component of the Alexander test for pollen staining. It is often combined with other yellow dyes and used to stain erythrocyte s in the trichrome methods. Color marker Orange G can ... more details
Image Acute myocardial infarction with contraction band necrosis 1 PTAH.JPG thumb right 250px Phosphotungstic acid haematoxylin staining demonstrating contraction band necrosis in an individual that had a myocardial infarction heart attack . Phosphotungstic acid haematoxylin PTAH is a mix of haematoxylin with phosphotungstic acid , used in histology for staining . It stains some tissue in contrasting colors in a way similar to haematoxylin and eosin stain , as phosphotungstic acid binds to tissue protein s. It is used to show gliosis in the central nervous system , tumour s of skeletal muscle s, and fibrin deposits in lesion s. Muscle is stained blue black to dark brown, connective tissue is pale orange pink to brownish red, fibrin and neuroglia stain deep blue, coarse elastic fibers show as purple, and bone and cartilage obtain yellowish to brownish red color. PTAH is ideal for demonstrating striated muscle fibers and mitochondria , often without a counterstain . As such, it is used to identify contraction bands, as seen in contraction band necrosis . ref name pmid10392641 cite journal title Pathologic detection of early myocardial infarction a critical review of the evolution and usefulness of modern techniques journal Mod. Pathol. volume 12 issue 6 pages 635 45 year 1999 month June pmid 10392641 doi url author1 Vargas SO author2 Sampson BA author3 Schoen FJ author separator , author name separator ref PTAH stains ependymomas while it does not stain choroid plexus papillomas, providing one means of differentiating these tumors. This technique has been largely replaced by immunohistochemistry techniques. ref name Carson cite book title Histotechnology a self instructional text author1 Carson,Frieda L author2 Hladik,Christa. ref Staining Principle There is much more phosphotungstic acid in the solution than hematein. The phosphotungstic acid binds all of the available hematein to form a blue lake pigment . This lake stains the muscle cross striations, fibrin, nuclei ... more details
to Histotechnology. Appleton Century Crofts, New York. Jocelyn H. Bruce Gregorios, M.D. Histopathologic ... hematoxylin, what Harris really wrote and the mechanism of hemalum stains. Journal of Histotechnology ... more details
refimprove date September 2010 Image Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion.jpg thumb right 280px Papanicolaou stain showing a low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion LSIL . Pap test . Papanicolaou stain also Papanicolaou s stain and Pap stain is a multichromatic staining cytological technique developed by George Papanikolaou , the father of cytopathology . Pap staining is used to differentiate cells in smear preparations of various body fluid bodily secretions the specimens can be gynecological smears Pap smear s , sputum , brushings, washings, urine , cerebrospinal fluid , abdominal fluid, pleural cavity pleural fluid , synovial fluid , seminal fluid , fine needle aspiration material, tumor touch samples, or other materials containing cells. Pap staining is a very reliable technique. As such, it is used for cervical cancer screening medicine screening in gynecology . The entire procedure is known as Pap smear . The classic form of Pap stain involves five dye s in three solutions ref cite book title Histotechnology A Self Instructional Text last1 Carson first1 Freida L last2 Hladik first2 Christa year 2009 publisher American Society for Clinical Pathology Press location Hong Kong isbn 9780891895817 pages 361 3363 edition 3 ref A nuclear stain, haematoxylin , is used to stain cell nucleus cell nuclei . The mordant unmordanted haematein may be responsible for the yellow color imparted to glycogen . First OG 6 counterstain 6 denotes the used concentration of phosphotungstic acid other variants are OG 5 and OG 8 . Orange G is used. It stains keratin . Its original role was to stain the small cells of keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma present in sputum . Second EA Eosin Azure counterstain, comprising three dyes the number denotes the proportion of the dyes, eg. EA 36, EA 50, EA 65. Eosin Y stains the superficial epithelial squamous cell s, nucleolus nucleoli , cilium cilia , and red blood cell s. Light Green SF yellowish stains the cytoplasm of other cells, incl ... more details
Bouin solution is a compound Fixation histology fixative used in histology . ref cite book title Histotechnology A Self Instructional Text edition 3 last1 Carson first1 Freida L. last2 Hladik first2 Christa year 2009 publisher American Society for Clinical Pathology Press location Hong Kong isbn 9780891895817 page 19 url accessdate ref It is composed of picric acid , acetic acid and formaldehyde in an aqueous solution. It is especially good for Human gastrointestinal tract gastrointestinal tract biopsies because this fixative allows crisper and better Cell nucleus nuclear staining than 10 neutral buffered formalin. It is not a good fixative when tissue ultrastructure must be preserved for Electron microscope electron microscopy . However, it is a good fixative when tissue structure with a soft and delicate texture must be preserved. Formalin fixed tissue is normally mordant ed with Bouin solution for better staining results in the trichrome stain s. The acetic acid in this fixative Lysis lyses red blood cell s and dissolves small iron and calcium deposits in tissue. A variant in which the acetic acid is replaced with formic acid can be used for both fixation of tissue and decalcification. ref cite book title Theory and Practice of Histology Techniques editor1 first John D. editor1 last Bancroft editor2 first Marilyn editor2 last Gamble edition 6 year 2008 publisher Churchill Livingstone Elsevier location China isbn 9780443102790 page 72 pages url accessdate ref The effects of the three chemicals in Bouin solution balance each other. Formalin causes cytoplasm to become basophilic but this effect is balanced by the effect of the picric acid. This results in excellent nuclear and cytoplasmic H&E stain ing. The tissue hardening effect of formalin is balanced by the soft tissue fixation of picric acid. The tissue swelling effect of acetic acid is balanced by the tissue shrinking effect of picric acid. When using Bouin solution, several potential problems can arise. Due to the formalin ... more details
of Xylene Substitutes For A Paraffin Tissue Processing journal Journal of Histotechnology issue ... ref Carson F 1997 Histotechnology. A Self Instructional Text. Chicago ASCP Press, pp.28 31. ISBN 089189411 ... Category Histotechnology Category Monoterpenes Category IARC Group 3 carcinogens ar bg ... more details
campus also fully houses the Cancer Information, Histotechnology, Phlebotomy, Practical Nurse ... Careers Cancer Information Management Emergency Medical Science Health Information Technology Histotechnology ... more details
is called histotechnology. Histology Fixing Chemical fixation with formaldehyde or other chemicals ... tissue Muscle tissue Nervous tissue Category Medical terms Category Histology Category Histotechnology ... more details
In the fields of histology , pathology , and cell biology , fixation is a chemical process by which biological tissue s are preserved from decay, thereby preventing Autolysis biology autolysis or putrefaction . Fixation terminates any ongoing biochemical reactions, and may also increase the mechanical strength or stability of the treated tissues. Purposes of fixation Fixation of tissue is done for several reasons. One reason is to kill the tissue so that postmortem decay autolysis and putrefaction is prevented. ref name Carson cite book title Histotechnology A Self Instructional Text last Carson first Freida L authorlink coauthors Christa Hladik edition 3 year 2009 publisher American Society for Clinical Pathology Press location Hong Kong isbn 9780891895817 page 2 pages url accessdate ref Fixation preserves a sample of biological material biological tissue tissue or biological cell cells as close to its natural state as possible in the process of preparing tissue for examination. To achieve this, several conditions usually must be met. First, a fixative usually acts to disable intrinsic biomolecules particularly proteolysis proteolytic enzyme s which otherwise digests or damages the sample. Second, a fixative typically protects a sample from extrinsic damage. Fixatives are toxic to most common microorganisms bacteria in particular that might exist in a tissue sample or which might otherwise colonise the fixed tissue. In addition, many fixatives chemically alter the fixed material to make it less palatable either indigestible or toxic to opportunistic microorganisms. Finally, fixatives often alter the cells or tissues on a molecular level to increase their mechanical strength or stability. This increased strength and rigidity can help preserve the morphology biology morphology shape and structure of the sample as it is processed for further analysis. Even the most careful fixation does alter the sample and introduce artifacts that can interfere with interpretation of ... more details
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