Unsourced image removed Image Hoogsteenbase pair.png 160px right A Hoogsteenbasepair is a variation of base pairing in nucleic acid s such as the A T pair. In this manner, two nucleobase s on each strand can be held together by hydrogen bond s in the major groove. A Hoogsteenbasepair applies the N7 position of the purine base as a hydrogen bond acceptor and C6 amino group as a donor , which bind the Watson Crick N3&ndash N4 face of the pyrimidine base. History This term is named for Karst Hoogsteen , who, in 1963, first recognized the potential for these unusual pairings quoted from Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry by David Nelson and Michael Cox, 4th edition, published in 2005 by Freeman . Chemical properties Hoogsteen pairs have quite different properties from Basepair Watson Crick base pairs . The angle between the two glycosylic bonds ca. 80 in the A T pair is larger and the C1&prime &ndash C1&prime distance ca. 860 pm or 8.6 is smaller than in the regular geometry. In some cases, called reversed Hoogsteenbase pairs, one base is rotated 180 with respect to the other. Triplex structures File Hoogsteen.png thumb right 200px Base triads in a DNA triple helix structure This non Watson Crick base pairing allows the third strands to wind around the duplexes, which are assembled in the Basepair Watson Crick pattern , and form triple stranded DNA triple stranded helices such as poly dA 2poly dT and poly rC 2poly rC . It can be also seen in three dimensional structures ... of stacked associations of hoogsteen bonded guanines. ref In vivo veritas Using yeast to probe ... Feb 21 ref Triple helix base pairing Watson and Crick base pairs are indicated by a , , or a . example A T, or poly rC 2poly rC . Hoogsteen triple helix base pairs are indicated by a or a example C G G , T A T, C G G, or T A A . See also Basepair Wobble basepair G quadruplex RNA Tertiary Structure References reflist Category Nucleic acids fr Appariement Hoogsteen ... more details
bond s is called a basepair often abbreviated bp . In the canonical Watson Crick DNA base pairing, adenine A forms a basepair with thymine T and guanine G forms a basepair with cytosine C . In RNA, thymine is replaced by uracil U . Alternate hydrogen bonding patterns, such as the wobble basepair and Hoogsteenbasepair , also occur&mdash in particular, in RNA&mdash giving rise to complex .... ref Hydrogen bonding and stability Image GC basepair jypx3.png thumb 280px A GC basepair demonstrating three intermolecular hydrogen bond s Image AT basepair jypx3.png thumb 280px An AT basepair ..., with two hydrogen bonds, does occur fairly often in RNA see wobble basepair . Paired DNA and RNA ... favorable. Note, however, that a GC stacking interaction with the next basepair is geometrically ... base analog is 5 bromouracil , which resembles thymine but can basepair to guanine in its enol form ... R DNA NA molecule bp basepair s one bp corresponds to approximately 3.4 Angstrom of length ... of the EMBOSS tool for calculating melting temperatures DEFAULTSORT BasePair Category Genetics Category ... is Basapar it Coppia di basi he ku Basepair hu B zisp r nl Basenpaar ja pl Para zasad pt Par de bases ru simple Basepair sl Bazni par fi Em spari sv Baspar tr ... genetics translation . Some DNA or RNA binding enzymes can recognize specific base pairing ... s entire genome is often measured in base pairs because DNA is usually double stranded. Hence, the number of total base pairs is equal to the number of nucleotides in one of the strands with the exception ... is estimated to be about 3.2 billion base pairs long and to contain 20,000 25,000 distinct ... base pairs of DNA or RNA. ref http www.sciencedirect.com science article B6WSN 4C8GBDB 4Y 2 0c09db014fb73f4a8e0f3b5af596da01 ... the base pairing rules described above. Appropriate geometrical correspondence of hydrogen ... 10.1093 nar gkj454 Base stacking and base pairing contributions into thermal stability of the DNA ... more details
Image Wobble.svg thumb right 255px Wobble base pairs for inosine and guanine In molecular biology , a wobble basepair is a non Watson Crick base pairing between two nucleotides in RNA molecules. The four main wobble base pairs are guanine uracil , inosine uracil , inosine adenine , and inosine cytosine G U, I U, I A and I C . The thermodynamic stability of a wobble basepair is comparable to that of a Watson Crick basepair. Wobble base pairs are fundamental in RNA secondary structure and are critical for the proper translation of the genetic code . tRNA wobble In the genetic code , there are math 4 3 math 64 possible codons tri nucleotide sequences . For translation genetics translation , each ... U wobble basepair. A fundamental building block of RNA structure crucial to RNA function ... books bv.fcgi?rid mboc4.figgrp.1058 Wobble base pairing between codons and anticodons DEFAULTSORT Wobble BasePair Category Nucleic acids Category Protein biosynthesis genetics stub de Wobble Hypothese ... Crick base pairing, then 64 types species of tRNA molecule would be required. In the standard genetic ... pair with more than one codon. In 1966, Francis Crick proposed the Wobble hypothesis to account for this. He postulated that the Directionality molecular biology 5 base on the anticodon, which binds to the Directionality molecular biology 3 base on the mRNA , was not as spatially confined as the other two bases, and could, thus, have non standard base pairing. ref cite journal author Crick F title ... base pairing to occur at the third codon position, i.e., the 3 nucleotide of the mRNA codon and the 5 ... embo reports kvd001 pmc 1083677 ref tRNA Base pairing schemes The original wobble pairing rules, as proposed by Crick. Watson Crick base pairs are shown in bold , wobble base pairs in italic class wikitable tRNA 5 anticodon base mRNA 3 codon base A U C G G C or U U A or G I A or C or U Revised pairing rules class wikitable tRNA 5 anticodon base mRNA 3 codon base G U,C C G k sup 2 sup C A A U,C ... more details
Wiktionarypar Pair The word pair , derived via the French words pair paire from the Latin par equal , can refer to 2 number , two of something Topological pair , an inclusion of topological spaces. Tuple Product type Au pair , a work agreement Couple , various senses for two joined things Even number, in roulette etc. Ordered pair , in Mathematics and set theory Twisted pair , a couple of electric wires twisted together Pair parliamentary convention , matching of members unable to attend, so as not to change the voting margin pair , the French equivalent of peer, holder of a French Pairie , French high title roughly equivalent to a member of the British peerage pair , a member of the Prussian House of Lords List of cricket terms P Pair Cricket getting a pair means being out for 0 in both innings of a match A handshaking process in Bluetooth communications P sub air sub , Pressure of air in a system A team in pair skating PAIR, the research group Pain & Autonomics Integrative Research at the University of Jena in Germany See also Pairing Pear fruit Pare people Pare Tanzanian ethnic group Student s t test Use Paired test in statistical hypothesis testing disambig de Pair fr Pair nl Pair ja sk Pair ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 PAIR Peer Allocated Instant Response is a project in the Netherlands that aims to match students with best suited peer candidates for online support. ref citation title The University of Europe accessible to all journal The Guardian author Mandy Garner url http www.guardian.co.uk universitychallenge university europe location London date 2009 01 19 accessdate 2010 05 20 ref It was launched in 2006 by the Open University of the Netherlands , an online university, and was supported by Fontys University of Applied Sciences Fontys University and SURF, the national organization in the Netherlands that coordinates ICT in higher education. ref name jass citation author Wim Westera title Peer Allocated Instant Response PAIR Computational Allocation of Peer Tutors in Learning Communities journal Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation volume 1010 url http jasss.soc.surrey.ac.uk 10 2 5.html date 31 Mar 2007 issue 2 ref The system works as follows ref name ppt http www.open.ou.nl wim presentations help me.ppt Help me Online Learner Support through the Self Organised Allocation of Peer Tutors PPTlink ref Online students requiring help type their question into an Instant messaging IM like client they are then automatically and instantaneously paired with another student who is currently online. When the conversation is over, both parties rate the experience. The currently used allocation algorithm does not perform a semantic analysis of the question it allocates peer tutors based on their position in the curriculum relative to the help seeker, their past workload and past ratings. A simulation of the allocation algorithm was carried out ref name jass and two 8 week pilot projects were conducted at the Open University and the Fontys University. ref name ppt References reflist Category Education in the Netherlands Category Distance education ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 A Lewis electron pair is a pair of electrons with opposite spins located in a molecule . The pair of electrons can comprise either a covalent bond, or a lone pair, localized in a mostly non bonding molecular orbital . See also Lewis acid Lewis base Nucleophile DEFAULTSORT Lewis Pair Category Molecular physics Quantum stub Chem stub fr Paire d lectrons de Lewis ... more details
Image Compound trans.svg thumb right Sziklai pair transistor configuration In electronics , the Sziklai pair also known as a compound transistor is a configuration of two bipolar transistor s, similar to a Darlington pair ref name TAoE cite book first Paul last Horowitz coauthors Winfield Hill title The Art of Electronics publisher Cambridge University Press year 1989 isbn 0 521 37095 7 ref . In contrast to the Darlington arrangement, the Sziklai pair has one NPN transistor NPN and one PNP transistor PNP transistor, and so it is sometimes called the complementary Darlington . Current gain is similar to that of a Darlington pair, which is the product of the gains of the two transistors. The configuration is named for its inventor George Clifford Sziklai George C. Sziklai . TOC One advantage over the Darlington pair is that the base turn on voltage is only about 0.6V or half of the Darlington s 1.2V nominal turn on voltage. Like the Darlington, it can saturate only to 0.6V, which is a drawback for high power stages. As with a Darlington pair, a resistor e.g., 100&Omega &ndash 1k&Omega is usually connected between Q2 emitter and base to improve its turn off time i.e., its performance for high frequency signals ref name TAoE . Sziklai based output stages Sziklai pairs are sometimes used .... That is, rather than using a Darlington NPN push pair i.e., two NPN transistors and a Darlington PNP pull pair i.e., two PNP transistors , the designer uses Sziklai pairs for both the upper push pair and the lower pull pair. By using two Darlington pairs, the designer is hoping that the combination ... push pair i.e., two NPN transistors and a Sziklai pull pair i.e., one PNP and one NPN transistor ... of the lower pull pair, which uses a single NPN transistor, more closely matches the performance of the upper push pair, which consists of two NPN transistors PNP transistors have lower carrier ... Section 4 Power Amplifier discusses design of a BJT Sziklai pair based class AB current driver in detail ... more details
Base, a type of connection on a transistor Base, a position in some cheerleading stunts People with the surname Rob Base , American rapper See also Wikisource1911Enc BaseBasepair , a pair of connected ...Wiktionary baseBase or BASE may refer to In computing BASE search engine , Bielefeld Academic Search Engine Basically Available, Soft state, Eventual consistency BASE , a consistency model Google Base , an online database provided by Google OpenOffice.org Base , OpenOffice.org s database module, also known as ooBase an HTML element Document head elements HTML element code base code In mathematics Base geometry , a side of a plane figure for example a triangle Base group theory , a sequence of distinct elements of a set Base exponentiation or radix, the b in b sup n sup Base topology , a topological space Radix or base, the number of distinct digits in a positional numeral system In science Base ... form, for example erythromycin base Beta alumina solid electrolyte , a fast ion conductor material In other uses Base baseball , the first, second, and third base on a baseball diamond Base company , an international design, communications, audiovisual, copywriting and publishing firm Base politics , a group of voters who almost always support a single party s candidates Base, Maharashtra , village in India BASE mobile , a Belgian mobile telecommunications operator Bedini Audio Spectral Enhancer , an audio signal processor used in the early 1990s Cooking base , a concentrated flavouring ... , a cosmetic applied to the face Foundation architecture Military base , or non military base, which ... involved in forming base pairs Bipolar junction transistor , Base Switch that controls current in a transistor Base and superstructure Marxism BASE jumping Business Association of Stanford Entrepreneurial ... disambiguation ar an Base ast Base bs Baza vor ca Base cs B ze da Base de Base el es Base eo Bazo fr Base gl Base hr Baza io Bazo ia Base it Base he la Basis ... more details
date October 2009 Example lets consider EUR USD currency pair EUR USD 1.33 Base currency Quote currency ...Foreign Exchange A currency pair is the quotation of the relative value of a currency unit against the unit of another currency in the foreign exchange market . The currency that is used as the reference is called the counter currency or quote currency and the currency that is quoted in relation is called the base currency or transaction currency. Currency pairs are written by concatenating the ISO currency code s ISO 4217 of the base currency and the counter currency, separating them with a slash character. Often the slash character is omitted. A widely traded currency pair is the relation of the euro against the US dollar , designated as EUR USD. The quotation EUR USD 1.2500 means that one ... weaker than the dollar. Base currency anchor Base currency Most traded currencies The rules for formulating standard currency pair notations result from accepted priorities attributed to each ... has first precedence as a base currency. Therefore, all currency pairs involving it should use it as their base ... base currency in the foreign exchange field is also used as the accounting currency by banks, and is usually the domestic currency. For example, a British bank may use GBP as a base currency for accounting ... out with a profit in USD by a British bank, then the rate to base will be expressed as a GBP USD ... called lot sizes, or multiples thereof. The standard lot size is 100,000 units of the base ... 1EUR you will receive 1.33 USD assuming no FX spread . Forex traders Buy EUR USD pair if they believe that EUR would increase in value relative to USD, buying EUR USD pair this way is called going long on the pair converseley, would sell EUR USD pair called going short on the pair, if they believe the value of EUR will go down relative to USD. It is noteworthy, that a pair is depicted only ... of a trade. Buy a pair if bullish on the first position as compared to the second of the pair conversely ... more details
, a lone pair is a valence electron pair without valence bond bonding or sharing with other atom s. They are found ... lone pair can be found with atoms in the nitrogen group such as nitrogen in ammonia , two lone pairs ... closer to the atomic nucleus on average compared to the bonding pair of electrons. The presence of a lone pair decreases the bond angle between the bonding pair of electrons, due to their high electric ... are dissolved in water and is due to the oxygen atom donating a lone pair to the hydrogen ion. This can ... of the VSEPR theory . Unusual lone pairs A stereochemically active lone pair is also expected for divalent ... transition metal oxides experimental and theoretical evidence for a revision of the lone pair model ... evidence of the lone pair and adopt the symmetric rocksalt crystal structure ref The origin of the stereochemically active Pb II lone pair DFT calculations on PbO and PbS A.Walsh and G.W.Watson ... of the Anion on Lone Pair Formation in Sn II Monochalcogenides A DFT Study A.Walsh and G.W.Watson, J. Phys. Chem. B 2005 , 109, 18868 DOI 10.1021 jp051822r ref In molecular systems the lone pair can also result in a distortion in the coordination of ligands around the metal ion. The lead lone pair ... linked the lone pair to lead poisoning . Lead ions in the human metabolism replace native metallic ions ... themselves to accommodate such an emerging lone pair consequently, these proteins are perturbed. This lone pair effect becomes dramatic for zinc binding proteins, such as the above mentioned porphobilinogen ... triple bonds have an effective bond order 2 with one lone pair B and trans bent geometries. In lead ... with germaniums empty 4p orbital ref Lewis base induced tuning of the Ge Ge bond order in a digermyne ... center 600px Lone pair trends in group 14 triple bonds See also Commons category Lone pair Ligand Coordination complex HOMO LUMO Highest occupied molecular orbital Inert pair effect Shared pair References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Lone Pair Category Theoretical chemistry ar ca Parell ... more details
Expand French date December 2008 Infobox French commune name Saint Pair region Basse Normandie department Calvados arrondissement Caen canton Troarn INSEE 14640 postal code 14670 mayor Janine Queruel term 2008&ndash 2014 intercommunality Entre bois et marais longitude 0.1842 latitude 49.17 elevation m 22 elevation min m 3 elevation max m 43 area km2 3.28 population 247 population date 2008 Saint Pair is a Communes of France commune in the Calvados Departments of France department in the Basse Normandie Regions of France region in northwestern France . Population D mographie 1962 113 1968 86 1975 129 1982 148 1990 156 1999 200 2008 247 See also Communes of the Calvados department References http www.insee.fr en home home page.asp INSEE reflist Calvados communes DEFAULTSORT Saintpair Category Communes of Calvados Calvados geo stub br Saint Pair ca Saint Pair ceb Saint Pair es Saint Pair eu Saint Pair fr Saint Pair it Saint Pair ms Saint Pair nl Saint Pair oc Saint Pair pms Saint Pair pl Saint Pair pt Saint Pair ru simple Saint Pair sv Saint Pair uk vi Saint Pair vo Saint Pair war Saint Pair ... more details
Single pair may refer to Single pair high speed digital subscriber line , a data communications technology Single pair shortest path problem , the problem of finding a path between two vertices such that the sum of the weights of its constituent edges is minimized disambig ... more details
A critical pair may refer to Critical pair logic , terms resulting from two overlapping rules in a term rewriting system Critical pair order theory , two incomparable elements in a partial order that have the same order relation to all other elements mathdab ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Image Stamp US 1908 series 1c Washington line pair.jpg right 100px thumb Guide line pair Image Stamp US 1917 3c Washington perf10h line pair.jpg right 100px thumb Joint line pair A line pair can be more than one thing. In philately A line pair in philately is a coil pair of postage stamp s bearing an inked line between the two stamps. There are at least two kinds of these A guide line pair has a guide line between the stamps. Since the guide lines are deliberately incised into the plate, they will generally be sharp and clear. A joint line pair has a joint line between the stamps, deriving from the seam in the cylindrical plate used to print the stamps. These lines are somewhat smeared in appearance. In image processing A line pair in image processing is this on a test pattern consisting of closely spaced black parallel lines on a white background, a line pair is one black line together with the white space on one side of it. When photographers say lines of resolution , they mean line pairs. In television and video, one line pair equals two TV lines or pixels , of Display resolution resolution . DEFAULTSORT Line Pair Category Philatelic terminology Category Image processing ru ... more details
Image Huebler Burger.jpg 200px thumb right Early pair skating at the 1908 Olympics Pair skating is a figure skating discipline. International Skating Union ISU regulations describe pair teams as consisting ... unique to pair skating, including overhead lifts, twist lifts, death spirals, and throw jumps. The teams also perform the elements of single skating in unison. Pair skating is difficult because achieving ... as one . Serious skating accidents are most common in the pair discipline. In February 1908, pair ... in London , one from Germany and two from the U.K. Pair skating has evolved significantly since ... Bundesarchiv Bild 183 U1215 0046, Sabine Bae , Tassilo Thierbach.jpg thumb right Pair spin Pair ... a score according to its base value and grade of execution GOE , resulting in a combined technical ... from 3 to 3, based on how well the pair executes the element. The GOE may be weighted according to the element s base value. ref name techpanel Note Women are referred to as ladies in ISU regulations. Lifts Pair Figure skating lifts lifts are generally overhead, rotational, and require ice coverage ... found only in pair skating, is a move that begins with the man assisting the lady in an Axel ... of execution if each leg is separated by at least a 45 angle from the body axis. A pair may also achieve ... jump , an element unique to pair skating, is a move in which the man assists the lady into the air and she ..., or quadruples for elite pair teams. The toe loop and salchow are considered the easiest jumps ... spiral figure skating death spiral , an element unique to pair skating, is a move in which the man ... foot position may raise the score. Pair spins A pair spin is a Figure skating spins spin in which the two ... onto a partner allows pair skaters to obtain spin positions that would be difficult or impossible for a singles ... with the lady gliding in a catch foot position and the male in arabesque Pair skaters also perform ..., equal understanding of the music Eligibility Pair skaters may struggle to find a good match ... more details
Infobox Book See Wikipedia WikiProject Novels or Wikipedia WikiProject Books name The Judas Pair image Image Judas Pair.jpg 200px image caption Cover of the 1st edition author John Grant Lovejoy Jonathan Gash illustrator cover artist country United Kingdom language English Language English series genre Crime novel publisher Collins Crime Club release date 1977 media type Print Hardcover Hardback pages 210 pp. isbn 0002313839 dewey 823 .9 14 congress PZ4.G2468 Ju 1977 PR6057.A728 oclc 4466340 The Judas Pair is a crime fiction crime novel by John Grant Lovejoy Jonathan Gash , author of the Lovejoy series of novels. The story was first published in 1977 and won a John Creasey Award . The story was adapted by Ian La Frenais for the BBC television series Lovejoy starring Ian McShane . The episode The Judas Pair first aired on 7 February 1986 as episode 5 of season 1. Plot summary Antiques dealer Lovejoy is commissioned to hunt down what he considers to be a mythical object, the Judas Iscariot Judas pair, the supposed 13 number thirteenth pair of duelling pistols made by the famous London gunsmith gunmaker Durs Egg . After two murder s Lovejoy is certain that the pistols do exist, and are now in the hands of the murderer. Publication history The Judas Pair , Johnathan Gash, Collins Crime Club, 1977, ISBN 0002313839, hardcover. The Judas Pair , Johnathan Gash, Harper & Row, 1977, ISBN 0 06 011464 9, hardcover. The Judas Pair , Johnathan Gash, Dell Publishing, 1981, ISBN 0 440 14354 3, paperback. The Judas Pair , Johnathan Gash, W. F. Howes, 1999, ISBN 1 84197 004 2, audiobook cassette. The Judas Pair , Johnathan Gash, W. F. Howes, 2000, ISBN 1 84197 091 3, audiobook CD. External links imdb title id 0637233 title The Judas Pair DEFAULTSORT Judas Pair, The Category 1977 novels Category English novels Category Crime novels 1970s novel stub ... more details
refimprove date February 2008 In telephony , pair gain is a method of transmitting multiple Plain Old Telephone Service POTS signals over the twisted pair s traditionally used for a single traditional subscriber line in telephone systems. Pair gain has the effect of creating additional subscriber lines. This is typically used as an expedient way to solve subscriber line shortage problems by using existing wiring, instead of installing new wires from the central office to the customer premises. The term was invented in the middle 20th century by analogy with earlier use of gain to extend telephone local loop s far from the telephone exchange . A pair gain system consists of concentrator s or multiplexer ... copper cable pair. The signals are then separated into individual subscriber lines at the customer premises. The pair gain unit which performs the multiplexing can be as simple as providing ... connection. A larger analog pair gain system made by Anaconda in the 1960s provided seven lines. Some pair gain units can expand the number of subscriber lines available over a single copper pair to as many as sixty. Large pair gain units are stored in Serving area interface s or metal Enclosure electrical ... that overlie communications rights of way. DACS Digital Access Carrier System was a form of pair ... pair gain has come into disfavor, as has digital Subscriber Loop Carrier in more recent years, as it is detrimental ... with Digital Subscriber Line DSL systems. More recent digital pair gain systems take the concept even further, however, restoring 56k and DSL capabilities by performing the functions of a DSLAM at the pair gain device. More recently, the term pair gain has been used to refer to any multiplex demultiplex ... pair. Where digital loop carrier called Remote Integrated Multiplexer in Australia is installed, broadband ... is that pair gain lines cannot carry high speed data. ref http www.comparebroadband.com.au article 59 Pair Gain and RIM Failures.htm Pair Gain or RIM Failures ref See also Remote concentrator ... more details
Unreferenced date March 2007 Confusing date March 2007 A split pair is a wiring error where two connections that are supposed to be connected using the two wires of a twisted pair are instead connected using two wires from different pairs. Such wiring negates the benefit of using twisted pair in the first place and is likely to cause errors in high rate data lines and increase Interference communication interference on voice lines, especially on long runs. When using registered jack connections and other connection schemes that use modular connector s it is very easy for the unwary to introduce split pairs. The easiest way to wire such a connector is to put the pairs next to each other but this will not result in correct pairing. See also Copper cable certification DEFAULTSORT Split Pair Category Signal cables telecom stub ... more details
In physics , a pair potential is a function that describes the potential energy of two interacting objects. Examples of pair potentials include the Coulomb s law in Classical electromagnetism electrodynamics , Newton s law of universal gravitation in mechanics , the Lennard Jones potential and the Morse potential . Pair potentials are very common in physics exceptions are very rare. An example of a potential energy function that is not a pair potential is the three body Axilrod Teller potential . Another example is the Stillinger Weber potential for silicon which includes the angle in a triangle of silicon atoms as a parameter. Category Mechanics physics stub ... more details
Unreferenced date October 2006 In chemistry , an electron pair consists of two electrons that occupy the same molecular orbital orbital but have opposite spin orbital spin s. Image Covalent&PolarBond.png right thumb 200px MO diagram s depicting covalent left and polar covalent right bonding in a diatomic molecule . In both cases a bond is created by the formation of an electron pair. Because electrons are fermion s, the Pauli exclusion principle forbids these particles from having exactly the same quantum numbers . Therefore the only way to occupy the same orbital, i.e. have the same orbital quantum number s, is to differ in the spin quantum number . This limits the number of electrons in the same orbital to exactly two. The pairing of spins is often energetically favorable and electron pairs therefore play a very large role in chemistry . They can form a chemical bond between two atoms as a lone pair . fill the core electron core levels of an atom. Because the spins are paired, the magnetic moment of the electrons cancels and the contribution of the pair to the magnetic properties will in general be a diamagnetism diamagnetic one . Although a strong tendency to pair off electrons can be observed in chemistry, it is also possible that electrons occur as unpaired electron s. In the case of metallic bonding the magnetic moments also compensate to a large extent, but the bonding is more communal so that individual pairs of electrons cannot be distinguished and it is better to consider the electrons as a collective ocean . A very special case of electron pair formation occurs in superconductivity the formation of Cooper pair s. See also Polyhedral skeletal electron pair theory DEFAULTSORT Electron Pair Category Quantum chemistry Category Chemical bonding ar de Elektronenpaar et Elektronpaar es Par de electrones it Doppietto elettronico nl Elektronenpaar pl Para elektronowa pt Par de el trons fi Elektronipari sv Elektronpar uk ... more details
About the employment arrangement other uses Au pair disambiguation Refimprove date May 2010 Childcare An au pair plural au pairs is a domestic assistant from a foreign country working for, and living as part ... as well as some housework , and receive a small monetary allowance for personal use. Au pair ... the French language French term au pair , meaning on a par or equal to , indicating that the relationship is intended to be one of equals the au pair is intended to become a member of the family, albeit ... of the au pair originated in Europe after World War II. Before the war, an abundant supply of domestic ... non servant role was created. Thus the au pair, who was supposed to be treated as a member of the family rather than a servant, and should not be required to wear a uniform. An au pair receives an allowance ..., an au pair might retire to his or her room to watch television , study, or go out with friends. Provision is often made for the au pair to have time for studying, especially of the language of the host ... impose limits as to how many hours an au pair is allowed to work. Tasks can include taking children ... must see an agreement or contract signed by the employer and the au pair and proof that health and accident insurance cover has been obtained by the au pair. A template of the contract is available on the Austrian ... help with this process and tell the au pair where to take the documents to be stamped for a fee . Canada Au Pair does not really exist in the same format as the rest of the world. The Canadian government has the Live In Caregiver program, which has broader requirements than the Au Pair program. Standard ..., Au Pair agencies in China were exclusively sending young Chinese to the west to work as Au Pairs ..., as the mother has the biggest role in raising the children. Finland An au pair s responsibilities also include light housework, totaling six hours a day, five days a week. The au pair has her his own ... course to help the au pair communicate better with the children and get more out of his or her ... more details
Infobox CardGame title Post and Pair subtitle image link Image The Cheat with the Ace of Hearts de la ... chance Medium skills Bluffing & Vying footnotes Post and Pair , is a 16th century English gambling card ... of playing cards that the game of Post and Pair clearly derives from the game of Primero . Due to its gaming mechanics and resemblance with Primero and its variants, it is easily implied that Post and Pair ... Cotton in his 1674 The Complete Gamester , mentions that Post ad Pair was particularly popular ... by the name of Post, Pair and Seat. It is suggested by Cavendish that these three, but in reverse ... stakes are made by each player. After staking at Post and then at Pair , and getting two cards ... becomes the property of the player with the best hand. A Pair royal of Aces is the best hand, and next, a Pair royal of any three cards according to their value three Kings, three Queens, three Knaves, etc. If no one has a Pair royal, the highest pair wins, and next to this, the hand that holds the highest cards ref name autogenerated364 . The third stake goes to the player with the best pair or cards ... parts, p. 225, Richard Seymour J. Hodges, London, 1754 ref . Hand rankings A Pair royal of Aces. A Pair royal of any three cards according to their value three Kings, three Queens, etc. A Pair of Aces, then a pair of Kings, followed by a pair of Queens and so on in ascending order. The highest cards in one hand. A pair of cards totalling, or approaching 21 points. Court cards value 10 points ... of the same sort, as a pair of pair royal, and so forth, the eldest hand carries it. Post and Pair in literature Post and Pair was first mentioned in a list of games played by Gargantua of Gargantua ... him proud to make me proud that jests br So pair taunt like would I o ersway his state, br That he ... and pair is introduced as one of his children ref The Works of Ben Johnson, p. 717 by William Gifford Phillips, Sampson & Company, Boston 1855 Post and Pair, with a pair royal of oces in his hat, br his ... more details
Mergefrom Matter creation date February 2010 Light matter interaction File Feynman diagram for Pair Production.svg right 200px thumb Feynman diagram for pair production . A photon decays into an electron positron pair. Pair production refers to the creation of an elementary particle and its antiparticle , usually from a photon or another neutral boson . For example an electron and its antiparticle, the positron, may be created. This is allowed, provided there is enough energy available to create the pair ndash at least the total rest mass energy of the two particles ndash and that the situation allows both energy and momentum to be conserved. Other pairs produced could be a muon and anti muon .... However, if the photon had only just enough energy to create the mass of the electron positron pair ... mass velocity . This means that the pair production must take place near another photon or the nucleus ... words, since the momentum of the initial photon must be absorbed by something, pair production by a single ... momentum and energy. ref cite journal last Hubbell first J. H. title Electron positron pair production ... Energy Photon nucleus pair production can only occur if the photons have an energy exceeding twice ... relativity , pair production is also invoked to explain the Hawking radiation effect. According to quantum ... of strong gravitational tidal forces , the two particles in a pair may sometimes be wrenched ... hole. Pair production is also the hypothesized mechanism behind the pair instability supernova type of stellar explosions, where pair production suddenly lowers pressure inside a supergiant star, leading ... to have been a pair production type supernova. In 2008 the Titan laser aimed at a 1 millimeter ... ref See also Electron positron annihilation Meitner Hupfeld effect Pair instability supernova Two ... impact bound free pair production DEFAULTSORT Pair Production Category Particle physics Category ... ja nds Poorbilln Physik pl Kreacja par pt Produ o de par ru simple Pair production ... more details
Otheruses4 dual pairs of vector spaces dual pairs in representation theory Reductive dual pair Unreferenced date December 2009 In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics a dual pair or dual system is a pair of vector spaces with an associated bilinear form . A common method in functional analysis, when studying normed vector space s, is to analyze the relationship of the space to its continuous dual , the vector space of all possible continuous linear form s on the original space. A dual pair generalizes this concept to arbitrary vector spaces, with the duality being expressed by a bilinear form. Using the bilinear form, semi norm s can be constructed to define a polar topology on the vector spaces and turn them into locally convex spaces , generalizations of normed vector spaces. Definition A dual pair is a 3 tuple math X,Y, langle , rangle math consisting of two vector space s math X math and math Y math over the same real number real or complex numbers complex field mathematics field math mathbb F math and a bilinear form math langle , rangle X times Y to mathbb F math with math forall x in X setminus 0 quad exists y in Y langle x,y rangle neq 0 math and math forall y in Y setminus 0 quad exists x in X langle x,y rangle neq 0 math We say math langle , rangle math puts math X math and math Y math in duality . We call two elements math x in X math and math y in Y math ... as math langle x, f rangle f x qquad x in V mbox , f in V math forms a dual pair. A locally convex ... x in E mbox , f in E math forms a dual pair. to show this, the Hahn Banach theorem is needed For each dual pair math X,Y, langle , rangle math we can define a new dual pair math Y,X, langle , rangle ... i y i quad x in E , y in E beta math form a dual pair. Comment Associated with a dual pair math X,Y ..., these maps are isomorphisms. See also dual topology polar set polar topology reductive dual pair DEFAULTSORT Dual Pair Category Functional analysis Category Duality theories Pair pl Para dwoista ... more details
Image Two Gannets edit 2.jpg thumb 240px Northern Gannet pair In biology , a pair bond is the strong affinity that develops in some species between the males and females in a pair, potentially leading to breeding. Pair bonding is a term coined in the 1940s ref Cite journal contribution Pair bond year 2005. title Oxford English Dictionary postscript Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it or change its value to . for the cite to end in a . , as necessary. ref that is frequently used in sociobiology and evolutionary psychology circles. The term often implies either a lifelong socially monogamous relationship or a stage of mating interaction in socially monogamous species. It is sometimes used in reference to human relationships. Monogamous vole s, such as prairie vole s, have significantly greater density and distribution of vasopressin receptors in their brain when compared to polygamous voles. These differences are located in the ventral forebrain and the dopamine mediated reward pathway ... behaviors, and in monogamous prairie voles are important for facilitation of pair bonding ..., from their 2001 book The Myth of Monogamy , there are several varieties of pair bonds File Schakale Kreuzkap 02.jpg thumb Black backed jackal s are one of very few monogamous mammals. This pair works ... dies. Short term pair bond a transient mating or associations Long term pair bond bonded for a significant portion of the life cycle of that pair Lifelong pair bond mated for life Social pair bond attachments for territorial or social reasons, as in cuckold situations Clandestine pair bond quick extra pair copulations Dynamic pair bond e.g. gibbon mating systems being analogous to swinging swingers ... tucked away inside the shells he goes seeking extra pair copulations with the mates of other males ... pair copulation frequently occurs in monogamous birds in which a social father provides intensive ... 7136 9 External links http www.nature.com neuro journal v7 n10 abs nn1327.html The neurobiology of pair ... more details
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