Tropic hormones are hormone s that have other endocrine gland s as their target. Most tropic hormones are produced and secreted by the anterior pituitary . ref cite book last Purves first William K. authorlink coauthors David Sadava, Gordon H. Orians, H. Craig Heller title Life The Science of Biology publisher Sinauer Associates edition 6th date 2001 location Massachusetts page 719 url doi id isbn 0 7167 3873 2 ref The hypothalamus secretes tropic hormones that target the anterior pituitary, and the thyroid gland secretes thyroxine , which targets the hypothalamus and therefore can be considered a tropic hormone. ref cite book last Cambell first Neil A. authorlink coauthors Jane B. Reece title Biology publisher Sinauer Associates edition 6th isbn 0 321 27045 2 ref Tropic hormones from the anterior pituitary include Thyroid stimulating hormone TSH or thyrotropin &ndash stimulates the thyroid gland to make and release thyroid hormone . ref Purves et. al . p. 718. ref Adrenocorticotropic hormone ACTH or corticotropin &ndash stimulates the adrenal cortex to release glucocorticoid s. ref Purves et. al . p. 718. ref Luteinizing hormone LH &ndash stimulates the release of steroid hormone s in gonad s&mdash the ovary and testes . ref Purves et. al . p. 718. ref Follicle stimulating hormone FSH &ndash stimulates the maturation of eggs and production of sperm. ref Purves et. al . p. 718. ref Growth hormone GH has both tropic and non tropic effects. Growth hormone s major tropic effect is it releases insulin like growth factor s IGFs from the liver, which causes bone growth. ref cite book last Cambell first Neil A. authorlink coauthors Jane B. Reece title Biology publisher Sinauer Associates edition 6th isbn 0 321 27045 2 ref The hypothalamus controls the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary by secreting a class of hypothalamic neurohormone s called releasing and release ... tropic hormone References reflist Category Anterior pituitary hormones fr Hormone trophique he ... more details
, Doctor Hormone was employed as a researcher for the United States Army and worked in a laboratory at Fort Knox . Doctor Hormone was later summoned by a disembodied voice called The Thinker who temporarily ... lured Doctor Hormone and Jane into a mysterious gorge where they descended into Chaos cosmogony .... Powers and abilities Doctor Hormone was a scientific genius who developed powerful hormones which ... people into animals or bizarre human animal hybrids. The Thinker endowed Doctor Hormone with powers .... Footnotes reflist References http www.comicvine.com dr hormone 29 61970 Doctor Hormone Profile ... more details
Infobox Organization name The Hormone Foundation headquarters Chevy Chase , Maryland location United States formation 1997 website div class plainlinks http www.hormone.org div The Hormone Foundation , established in 1997 by The Endocrine Society as its public education affiliate, serves as a resource for physicians, patients, and the public by promoting the prevention, treatment and cure of hormone related conditions through outreach and education. The Hormone Foundation addresses endocrine conditions such as Obesity Diabetes Breast Cancer Thyroid Disorders Human development biology Growth Disorders Hormone Abuse Menopause Osteoporosis Pituitary Disorders Low Testosterone Metabolism Metabolic Syndrome Adrenal Disorders Projects and resources The Hormone Foundation got its start with one simple project, an expert consensus meeting in Charlottesville , Virginia on breast cancer and estrogen use. Since then, it has developed other educational projects on endocrine diseases and conditions. Bilingual fact sheets The Hormone Foundation s bilingual fact sheets are unique in the field of endocrinology, providing information in English, Spanish, Portuguese, French, German and Italian. The bilingual fact sheets can be found in the following areas Cushing s Syndrome Breast Cancer Prevention Hormones, Women and Breast Cancer Hormones and Hypertension Hormones and Obesity Hormones and Your Heart Hyperlipidemia The Metabolic Syndrome Diabetes and Incretin Based Therapy Diabetes and New Insulins Diabetes, High Blood Pressure and Kidney Protection Gestational Diabetes Self Monitoring of Blood ... Hormones and Menopause Hormone Therapy for Menopausal Symptoms Managing Menopause Menopause ... Health. Patient guides Patient Guides are more in depth information about specific hormone related conditions. They include Therapeutic Use of Androgen in Women Growth Hormone Deficiency in Adults ... Society home page DEFAULTSORT Hormone Foundation, The Category Biology societies Category Medical ... more details
No footnotes date February 2011 The gastrointestinal hormones or gut hormones constitute a group of hormone s secreted by enteroendocrine cell s in the stomach , pancreas , and small intestine that control various functions of the digestive organs. Later studies showed that most of the gut peptides, such as secretin , cholecystokinin or substance P , were found to play a role of neurotransmitter s and neuromodulator s in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Enteroendocrine cells do not form endocrine glands but are spread throughout the digestive tract. They exert their autocrine and paracrine actions that integrate all of gastrointestinal function. Types of Gastrointestinal hormones The gastrointestinal hormones can be divided into three main groups based upon their chemical structure . Gastrin family Gastrin cholecystokinin family gastrin and cholecystokinin Secretin family secretin , glucagon , vasoactive intestinal peptide and gastric inhibitory peptide Somatostatin family Motilin family Substance P . Ghrelin is a peptide hormone released from the stomach and is often referred to as the hunger hormone since high levels of it are found in individuals that are fasting. Ghrelin antagonistic treatments can be used to treat illnesses such as anorexia and loss of appetites in cancer patients. Ghrelin treatments for obesity are still under intense scrutiny and no conclusive evidence has been reached. This hormone stimulates growth hormone release. Cholecystokinin is responsible for gall bladder secretions, gastrointestinal motility as well as pancreatic exocrine secretions. Peptide YY is involved mostly in satiation modulation. Pancreatic polypeptide function is most apparent in control of gastrointestinal motility and satiation Amylin controls glucose homeostasis and gastric motility Glucose dependent insulinotropic polypeptide possesses an acute influence on food ... Oxyntomodulin plays a role in controlling acid secretion and satiation See also hormone , endocrine ... more details
Infobox musical artist See Wikipedia WikiProject Musicians name Maximum the Hormone image Enter Shikari, DJ Pdex, Maximum the Hormone & An Albatross The Astoria 2.jpg caption Maximum the Hormone performing in 2008 image size 250 landscape yes background group or band alias origin Hachi ji, Tokyo , Japan ... Ue chan past members Sugi br Key nihongo Maximum the Hormone Makishimamu Za Horumon is a Japanese ... and line up change Maximum the Hormone was created in 1998 by Daisuke Tsuda musician Daisuke Tsuda and Nao Kawakita . ref name MTHhistory cite web title Maximum the Hormone history work jmusiceuropa.com ... Daisuke wrote his songs only in English, and Maximum the Hormone was also written in Latin letters ... on television, Maximum the Hormone released their next album, Buiikikaesu . The album was a record for the band ... ref with an additional tour finale, which took place on November 30. On October 27, Maximum The Hormone ... translates to Your Small Hands and maximum the hormone on their official website. The band ... album. Musical Style Maximum the Hormone performs nu metal with a strong punk rock punk influence Allmusic s Alexey Eremenko writes that Maximum the Hormone are distinguished by a general lack ... www.allmusic.com artist maximum the hormone p875085 biography title Maximum the Hormone author Alexey ... Discography main Maximum the Hormone discography FOR MAIN STUDIO ALBUMS ONLY A.S.A. Crew 1999 H 2001 ... links http www.55mth.com main.html Maximum the Hormone official website ja icon http www.maximumthehormone.jp Maximum the Hormone official English website Maximum the Hormone Category Japanese hardcore ... in 1998 ar ast Maximum the Hormone bar Maximum The Hormone de Maximum The Hormone es Maximum the Hormone fr Maximum the Hormone ko it Maximum the Hormone ja pl Maximum the Hormone pt Maximum the Hormone ro Maximum the Hormone ru Maximum the Hormone sk Maximum the Hormone fi Maximum the Hormone sv Maximum the hormone tr Maximum the Hormone zh Maximum The Hormone ... more details
A steroid hormone abbreviated as sterone ref Definition Merriam Webster online http mw1.m w.com dictionary sterone sterone ref is a steroid that acts as a hormone . Steroid hormones can be grouped into five groups by the receptor biochemistry receptor s to which they bind glucocorticoid s, mineralocorticoid s, androgen s, estrogen s, and progestogen s. Vitamin D derivatives are a sixth closely related hormone system with homologous receptors, though technically sterol s rather than steroids. Steroid hormones help control metabolism, inflammation, immune functions, salt and water balance, development of sexual characteristics, and the ability to withstand illness and injury. The term steroid describes both hormones produced by the body and artificially produced medications that duplicate the action for the naturally occurring steroids. Synthesis See Steroidogenesis File Steroidogenesis.svg thumb 400px Steroidogenesis with enzymes and intermediates The natural steroid hormones are generally synthesized from cholesterol in the gonad s and adrenal gland s. These forms of hormones are lipid ... 9781405194525 pages 16 ref as they are fat soluble, and then bind to steroid hormone receptor s which may be nuclear or cytosolic depending on the steroid hormone, to bring about changes within the cell ... hormone binding globulin or corticosteroid binding globulin . Further conversions and catabolism ... unit that can enter the cell nucleus. In some of the hormone systems known, the receptor is associated with a heat shock protein , which is released on the binding of the ligand , the hormone. Once ... Suppl 3 52 4. Review.PMID 10592444 Holmes SJ, Shalet SM. Role of growth hormone and sex steroids in achieving ... versus pharmacological steroid hormone actions. Bioessays. 2008 Aug 30 8 744 56. PMID 18623071 External ... nuclear receptor signaling . Hormones DEFAULTSORT Steroid Hormone Category Steroid hormones br Hormon steroidel ca Hormona esteroide de Steroidhormon es Hormona esteroide fr Hormone st ro dienne nl Stero dhormoon ... more details
Image Auxin.jpg thumb Lack of the plant hormone auxin can cause abnormal growth right 150px right Plant hormones also known as phytohormones are chemical s that regulate plant growth, which, in the UK, are termed plant growth substances . Plant hormones are signal molecule s produced within the plant , and occur in extremely low concentration s. Hormones regulate cellular processes in targeted Cell biology cells locally and, when moved to other locations, in other locations of the plant. Hormones also determine the formation of flowers , Plant stem stems , leaves , the Moulting shedding of leaves , and the development and ripening of fruit . Plants, unlike animal s, lack gland s that produce ... was coined by Thimann in 1948. Characteristics The word hormone is derived from Greek, meaning set ... hormones that affect even different regions of the cell producing the hormone. Hormones are transported ... pathways to regulate internal hormone quantities and moderate their effects they can regulate the amount ... effects and function as a hormone its degradation, or more properly catabolism , within the plant ... out of the cell and escapes out of the plant. Its effectiveness as a plant hormone is dependent ... of ethylene, inhibiting leaf expansion see Hyponastic response . As the new shoot is exposed to light ... becomes prolonged, it affects the stem s natural geotropic response, which is to grow upright, allowing ... stress response through abscisic acid response pathway journal Plant Mol. Biol. volume 64 issue ..., root development, germination, nitrogen fixation, cell death, stress response . ref Shapiro AD 2005 ... stress hormone that belongs to the jasmonate family, induced death in lymphoblastic leukemia cells ... in hormone biosynthesis and degradation toward a low ABA GA ratio, along with a decrease in ABA ... during the formation of the seed, often in response to environmental conditions. Hormones also mediate ... sidwell.resources bio virtuallb plant hormone.html Simple plant hormone table with location of synthesis ... more details
A counterregulatory hormone is a hormone that opposes the action of another. The action of insulin is counterregulated by glucagon , adrenaline epinephrine , noradrenaline norepinephrine , cortisol , and growth hormone . These counterregulatory hormones the term is usually used in the plural raise the level of glucose in the blood by promoting glycogenolysis , gluconeogenesis , ketosis , and other catabolic processes. In healthy people, counterregulatory hormones constitute a principal defense against hypoglycemia , and levels are expected to rise as the glucose falls. Persistent elevation of a counterregulatory hormone can reduce a person s insulin sensitivity sensitivity to insulin . Similarly, the natriuretic peptide s counterregulate against renin , angiotensin , and aldosterone which elevate blood pressure. ref cite journal title Natriuretic peptides Physiology, therapeutic potential, and risk stratification in ischemic heart disease author Stein BC, Levin RI journal Am Heart J volume 135 issue 5 pages 914 23 date May 1998 pmid 9588425 Verify source date June 2011 ref In the reproductive system, inhibins and follistatin counterregulate activins , to control follicle stimulating hormone and so the release of gonads . ref cite journal journal Semin Reprod Med. date 2004 Aug volume 22 issue 3 pages 209 17 title Inhibins, activins, and follistatin in the aging female and male author Hurwitz JM, Santoro N pmid 15319823 Verify source date June 2011 ref Inhibins and activins also regulate bone mass. ref cite journal journal Mol Cell Endocrinol. date 2009 10 30 volume 310 issue 1 2 pages 11 20 title Regulation of osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis by the other reproductive hormones, Activin and Inhibin author Nicks KM, Perrien DS, Akel NS, Suva LJ, Gaddy D pmid 19615428 pmc 2951729 ref References reflist Further reading cite journal title Sweet talk in the brain glucosensing ... 305 pmid 20375118 pmc 2886811 DEFAULTSORT Counterregulatory Hormone Category Hormones of glucose metabolism ... more details
protein Name Luteinizing hormone beta polypeptide caption image width 300 HGNCid 6584 Symbol LHB AltSymbols ... Band 13.3 LocusSupplementaryData Luteinizing hormone LH , also known as lutropin ref eMedicineDictionary lutropin ref is a hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland . In females, an acute rise ... hormone ICSH , ref cite journal author Louvet J, Harman S, Ross G title Effects of human chorionic gonadotropin, human interstitial cell stimulating hormone and human follicle stimulating hormone on ovarian ... hormone FSH . Structure LH is a hetero protein dimer dimer ic glycoprotein . Each monomer ic unit ... structure is similar to that of the other glycoprotein hormones, follicle stimulating hormone FSH , thyroid stimulating hormone TSH , and human chorionic gonadotropin hCG . The protein dimer contains ... that of FSH 3 4 hours and hCG 24 hours . Citation needed date November 2008 File Luteinizing hormone ... content of luteinizing hormone LH during the menstrual cycle . br The ranges denoted By biological ... The gene for the alpha subunit is located on chromosome 6 q12.21. The luteinizing hormone beta ... by the gonadotropin releasing hormone from the hypothalamus . Inhibin , activin , and sex hormone s do not affect genetic activity for the beta subunit production of LH. Activity In both ... a hormone very similar to LH from the newly established pregnancy. LH supports theca cell s in the ovary ... of LH at the pituitary gland is controlled by pulses of gonadotropin releasing hormone GnRH from ... hormone indicates impending ovulation . LH can be detected by urinary ovulation predictor ... step home urinary luteinizing hormone detection test kits to OvuQuick journal Fertil Steril volume .... Tests for luteinising hormone may be combined with testing for estradiol in tests such as the Clearblue ... Luteinizing Hormone Hormones DEFAULTSORT Luteinizing Hormone Category Recombinant proteins Category ... fa fr Hormone lut inisante gl Hormona luteinizante hr Luteiniziraju i hormon id ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Pfam box Symbol Hormone 3 Name Pancreatic hormone peptide image PDB 1ppt EBI.jpg width caption Structure of avian pancreatic polypeptide. ref name pmid16593056 cite journal author Blundell TL, Pitts JE, Tickle IJ, Wood SP, Wu CW title X ray analysis 1. 4 A resolution of avian pancreatic polypeptide Small globular protein hormone journal Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. volume 78 issue 7 pages 4175 4179 year 1981 month July pmid 16593056 pmc 319751 doi 10.1073 pnas.78.7.4175 url ref Pfam PF00159 InterPro IPR001955 SMART PROSITE PDOC00238 SCOP 1ppt TCDB OPM family OPM protein 1icy PDB PDB3 1k8v A 1 39 PDB3 1ruu A 1 36 PDB3 1ru5 A 1 36 PDB3 1qbf A 1 36 PDB3 1ron 29 64 PDB3 1qfa A 52 64 PDB3 1r9n F 29 38 PDB3 1icy A 10 45 PDB3 1f8p A 10 45 PDB3 1fvn A 10 45 PDB3 1ljv A 30 65 PDB3 1v1d A 30 60 PDB3 1bba 30 65 PDB3 2bf9 A 1 35 PDB3 1ppt 1 36 Pancreatic hormones PP ref name PUB00003973 cite journal author Humbel RE, Blundell TL title Hormone families pancreatic hormones and homologous growth factors journal Nature volume 287 issue 5785 pages 781 787 year 1980 pmid 6107857 doi 10.1038 287781a0 ref are peptide s synthesized in pancreatic islets of Langerhans , which acts as a regulator of pancreatic and gastrointestinal functions. The hormone is produced as a larger propeptide, which is enzymatically cleaved to yield the mature active peptide this is 36 amino acids in length ref name PUB00004634 cite journal author Martin J, Allen J, Novotny J, Heinrich G title Molecular structure of mammalian neuropeptide Y analysis by molecular cloning and computer aided comparison with crystal structure of avian homologue journal Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. volume 84 issue .... volume 258 issue 2 pages 263 265 year 1989 pmid 2599092 doi 10.1016 0014 5793 89 81669 2 ref The hormone .... ref name PUB00004634 Unlike glucagon, another peptide hormone, the structure of pancreatic peptide .... ref name PUB00004634 Subfamilies Pancreatic hormone subtype InterPro IPR015480 Peptide YY InterPro ... more details
Adrenocortical hormones are hormone s secreted by the adrenal cortex . They can be grouped into three classes glucocorticoids , the mineralocorticoids , and the androgens . ref cite book last Gard first Paul title Human Pharmacology publisher CRC Press date 2001 isbn 0 7484 0812 6 url http books.google.com books?id Ox0 AAAAIAAJ&pg PA119&dq 22Adrenocortical hormones 22&lr &as brr 3&ei P69SSIjKOIjWjgG1l XABw&sig u2a2C5oEl3WDKF5 wPgOZj48gy0 page 119 ref Notes Reflist wiktionary Category Hormones of the suprarenal cortex protein stub ml pt Horm nio adrenocortical zh ... more details
Multiple issues unreferenced December 2009 unreferenced August 2010 expert August 2010 Stress hormones such as cortisol and norepinephrine are released by the body in situations that are interpreted as being potentially dangerous. The hormone regulating system is known as the endocrine system . Cortisol is believed to affect the metabolism metabolic system and norepinephrine is believed By whom date June 2011 to play a role in ADHD as well as Depression mood depression and hypertension . Stress hormones act by mobilizing energy from storage to muscles, increasing heart rate, blood pressure and breathing rate and shutting down metabolic processes such as digestion, reproduction, growth and immunity. Constant stress causes continual release of various stress hormones which can cause A depletion of energy storage High blood pressure Stress induced hypertension Effects on metabolic processes Ulcers digestion Hampered growth Decrease in testosterone levels in males and irregular menstrual cycles in females. Increased likelihood of infectious diseases. Stress hormones rise in the body during any neuroendocrine reaction such as surgery and they remain high as long as 72 hours, after which all these hormones return to their normal level, the last being cortisol. Currently there are medications available which block the release of stress hormones. Further reading http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pmc articles PMC3133795 pdf IJPEP2011 837596.pdf Prenatal Programming of Human Neurological Function, International Journal of Peptides courtesy of NIH , Curt A. Sandman, Elysia P. Davis, Claudia Buss and Laura M. Glynn, 2011 DEFAULTSORT Stress Hormone Category Human hormones Med stub de Stresshormone ... more details
multiple issues context November 2011 unreferenced November 2011 medref November 2011 Local hormone s , by one definition, are biologically active polypeptide s that are secreted by nerve cells and gland cells and act in a paracrine fashion but also enter the Circulation physiology circulation . By another definition, local hormones are any hormones acting in a paracrine , autocrine signalling autocrine , and or intracrine manner. Classification According to structural and functional similarity, many local hormones fall into either the gastrin or the secretin family. Gastrin family Gastrin Cholecystokinin CCK Secretin family Secretin Glucagon Glicentin GLI Vaso active intestinal polypeptide VIP Gastric inhibitory polypeptide GIP Others Motilin Neurotensin Substance P Somatostatin was Somatostain Bombesin Serotonin Cell signaling med stub Cell biology stub Category Signal transduction Category Hormones Category Endocrine system Category Cell signaling ... more details
Orphan date April 2012 Infobox protein family Symbol Hormone 4 Name Neurohypophysial hormones, N terminal Domain image PDB 1xy1 EBI.jpg width caption crystal structure analysis of deamino oxytocin. conformational flexibility and receptor binding Pfam PF00220 Pfam clan InterPro IPR022423 SMART PROSITE PDOC00237 MEROPS SCOP 1xy1 TCDB OPM family OPM protein CAZy CDD Infobox protein family Symbol Hormone 5 Name Neurohypophysial hormones, C terminal Domain image PDB 1l5d EBI.jpg width caption solution structure of the monomeric form of a mutant unliganded bovine neurophysin, minimized average structure Pfam PF00184 Pfam clan InterPro IPR000981 SMART PROSITE PDOC00237 MEROPS SCOP 1xy2 TCDB OPM family OPM protein CAZy CDD Neurohypophysial hormones is a Protein family family of structurally and functionally related peptide hormones that includes oxytocin and vasopressin . Hypophysis refers to the pituitary gland . Oxytocin mediates contraction of the smooth muscle of the uterus and mammary gland, while vasopressin has antidiuretic action on the kidney, and mediates vasoconstriction of the peripheral vessels. ref name PUB00000683 cite journal author Acher R, Chauvet J title Structure, processing and evolution of the neurohypophysial hormone neurophysin precursors journal Biochimie volume 70 issue 9 pages 1197 1207 year 1988 pmid 3147712 doi 10.1016 0300 9084 88 90185 X ref In common with most active peptides, both hormones are synthesised as larger protein precursors that are enzymatically converted to their mature forms. Members of this family are found in birds, fish, reptiles and amphibians mesotocin , isotocin , valitocin, glumitocin, aspargtocin, vasotocin, seritocin, asvatocin, phasvatocin , in worms annetocin , octopi cephalotocin , Locusta migratoria Migratory locust locupressin or neuropeptide F1 F2 and in molluscs conopressins G and S . ref name PUB00002048 cite journal author Michel G, Acher R, Chauvet J, Ouedraogo Y, Chou J, Chait BT title A new neurohypophysial peptide ... more details
of thyroid hormone insights from animal models journal Rev Endocr Metab Disord volume 1 issue 1 2 pages 27 33 year 2000 pmid 11704989 doi 10.1023 A 1010056202122 ref Mechanism of action Thyroid hormone receptors regulation of gene expression regulate gene expression by binding to hormoneresponseelement ...protein Name Thyroid hormone receptor alpha caption image width HGNCid 11796 Symbol Thyroid hormone receptor ... hormone receptor beta caption image width HGNCid 11799 Symbol Thyroid hormone receptor beta THRB ... 3 Arm p Band 24.1 LocusSupplementaryData p22 The thyroid hormone receptor TR ref name pmid6323162 cite ... by binding thyroid hormone . ref name Flamant 2006 cite journal author Flamant F, Baxter ... hormone receptors journal Pharmacol Rev volume 58 issue 4 pages 705 11 year 2006 doi 10.1124 pr.58.4.3 pmid 17132849 ref Function Amongst the most important functions of thyroid hormone receptors ... Physiological and molecular basis of thyroid hormone action journal Physiol Rev volume 81 issue 3 pages ... ref ref name Harvey 2002 cite journal author Harvey CB, Williams GR title Mechanism of thyroid hormone ... receptors in retinoic acid, thyroid hormone and vitamin D3 signalling journal Nature volume ... of hormone, TR in complex with corepressor proteins bind to HREs in a transcriptionally inactive state. Binding of thyroid hormone results in a conformational change in TR which displaces corepressor ... of the thyroid hormone receptor designated alpha 1, beta 1 and beta 2 that are able to bind thyroid hormone. There are two thyroid hormone receptor alpha TR receptor splice variants encoded by the THRA gene and two thyroid hormone receptor beta TR isoform splice variants encoded by the THRB ... hormone TR 1 predominately expressed in brain, liver and kidney TR 2 expression primarily limited to the hypothalamus and pituitary Disease linkage Certain mutations in the thyroid hormone receptor are associated with thyroid hormone resistance . ref name Olateju 2006 cite journal author Olateju TO, Vanderpump ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 The hyponastic response is an upward bending of leaf leaves or other plant parts, resulting from growth of the lower side. This can be observed in many terrestrial plants and is thought to be linked to the plant hormone ethylene . Submerged plants often show the hyponastic response, where the upward bending of the leaves and the elongation of the Petiole botany petiole s might help the plant to restore normal gas exchange with the atmosphere. Plants produce ethylene, and normally this dissolves in the air quite easily. But when the plant is submerged ethylene is trapped in the plant. Plants that are exposed to elevated ethylene levels in experimental set ups also show the hyponastic response. Image Hyponastic response.svg center 403px DEFAULTSORT Hyponastic Response Category Plant physiology ... more details
Element name may refer to A data element name in a database A name of a chemical element . See also Systematic element name , List of elements by name , and List of chemical element name etymologies . disambig ... more details
www.wausaudailyherald.com article 20110112 CWS03 301120155 Long response times network problems for Element Mobile anger customers title Long response times, network problems for Element Mobile anger ...Infobox company company name Element Mobile company logo industry Telecommunications type Privately held company Private foundation 2009 location Central Wisconsin industry Telecommunication s products Wireless parent Wisconsin RSA 7 Limited Partnership homepage http www.elementmobile.com www.ElementMobile.com Element Mobile is a startup CDMA Based cellular service provider headquartered in Wisconsin Rapids , Wisconsin, that launched in January 2011. Element Mobile is the re branded effort by the Partnership that manages Wisconsin RSA 7, formerly marketed as Alltel in Central Wisconsin. Network Element Mobile is a carrier using CDMA technology providing regional distribution. Voice services will be offered ... news stock alert ericy ericsson to deploy cdma network for element mobile 882165.html ref ... by Interop Technologies. ref http www.interoptechnologies.com en news 2010 10 04 28 element mobile.php ref Opening Element Mobile went live for previous Alltel Customers on January 8, 2011. The company ... article 20110112 WRT0101 101120710 1982 WRT04 Element Mobile cell phone service frustrates customers title Element Mobile cell phone service frustrates customers publisher Daily Tribune ... title Customers affected by cell service outages after Alltel Element Mobile switch date January ... Dan Kowalke, director of marketing for Element. Some customers are experiencing challenges with that network upgrade that we are working diligently to address. ref name Trib Element COO Jerry Wilke ... of Element customers are having problems. Kowalke states Element will ultimately make things right . Angry ... 102050618 1982 WRT04 Element Mobile still fixing service issues title Element Mobile still fixing ... External links http www.howardforums.com showthread.php 1689587 Element Mobile Grrrr page1 US ... more details
Infobox rfam Name GAIT element image RF00179.jpg width caption Predicted secondary structure and sequence conservation of GAIT Symbol GAIT AltSymbols Rfam RF00179 miRBase miRBase family RNA type Cis regulatory element Cis reg Tax domain Eukaryota GO SO SO 0000233 CAS number EntrezGene HGNCid OMIM PDB RefSeq Chromosome Arm Band LocusSupplementaryData The gamma interferon inhibitor of translation element or GAIT element is a cis acting RNA element located in the 3 UTR of the ceruloplasmin Cp mRNA . The GAIT element forms a stem loop secondary structure. The GAIT element is involved in selective translational silencing of the Cp transcript. Cp is a multifunctional, copper containing glycoprotein produced by the liver and secreted into the plasma. As an acute phase protein, its plasma concentration can double during multiple inflammatory conditions. Plasma Cp has been reported to be an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease , including atherosclerosis, carotid restenosis after endarterectomy, and myocardial infarction. Translational silencing of Cp, and possibly other transcripts, mediated by the GAIT element may contribute to the resolution of the local inflammatory response following cytokine activation of macrophages. ref cite journal last Sampath first P coauthors Mazumder B, Seshadri V, Fox PL year 2003 title Transcript selective translational silencing by gamma interferon is directed by a novel structural element in the ceruloplasmin mRNA 3 untranslated region journal Mol Cell Biol volume 23 issue 5 pages 1509&ndash 1519 pmid 12588972 pmc 151701 doi 10.1128 MCB.23.5.1509 1519.2003 ref The silencing of Cp requires binding of the IFN gamma activated inhibitor of translation GAIT inhibitor complex to the GAIT element. ref name pmid16267389 cite journal author Mazumder B, Sampath P, Fox PL title Regulation of macrophage ceruloplasmin gene expression one paradigm ... element Category Cis regulatory RNA elements molecular cell biology stub ... more details
Regular element may refer to In ring theory , a nonzero element of a ring that is neither a left nor a right zero divisor A regular element of a Lie algebra or Lie group. mathdab ... more details
Famine response can refer to Famine relief , the societal response to famine Starvation response , the physiological and biochemical response to starvation disambig ... more details
A transfermium element is a chemical element with atomic number greater than 100, that of Fermium . The transfermium elements have a number of common characteristics they Synthetic element do not occur naturally they are difficult to produce in a laboratory they have very short half lives and are radioactive . See also Transuranium element Transactinide element Category Chemical elements chem stub ... more details
In mathematics, the term primitive element can mean Primitive root modulo n Primitive root modulo n , in number theory Primitive element field theory , an element that generates a given field extension Primitive element finite field , an element that generates the multiplicative group of a finite field in a Hopf algebra , an element X on which the comultiplication has the value X X 1 1 X in a free group , an element of a free generating set See also primitive root disambiguation mathdab ... more details
Element 6 can refer to Carbon element with atomic number 6 Element Six formerly De Beers Industrial Diamond a company specialised in providing superhard material solutions such as synthetic diamond, cubic boron nitride for industrial applications disambig ... more details
Element 0 may refer to Neutronium , sometimes referred to as an element with atomic number 0 Element Zero, or eezo, the primary power source used in the video game series Mass Effect series Mass Effect . disambig ... more details
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