DEFAULTSORT HumanMitochondrialDnaHaplogroup Category Human mtDNA haplogroups ar ... DNA test Genetic Genealogy MtDna haplogroups by populations Human Y chromosome DNA haplogroups Genetics Humanmitochondrial molecular clock Cambridge Reference Sequence haplogroupHumanmitochondrial ... MitochondrialDNA Site Mannis van Oven s http www.phylotree.org PhyloTree.org http www.stats.gla.ac.uk vincent images skeleton07 08 02.jpg Mitochondrialhaplogroup skeleton Vincent Macaulay s http www.stats.gla.ac.uk vincent founder2000 motif.html Mitochondrialhaplogroup motifs Cambridge DNA ... America at the far right. Migration patterns are based on studies of mitochondrial matrilinear DNA. Letters represent haplogroup s while colors and numbers represent thousands of years before present. Image Migration map4.png thumb right 350px Another model of human migration based on MitochondrialDNA In human genetics , a humanmitochondrialDNAhaplogroup is a haplogroup defined by differences in Humanmitochondrial genetics humanmitochondrialDNA . Haplogroups are used to represent the major branch points on the mitochondrial phylogenetic tree. Understanding the evolutionary path of the female ... van Oven M, Kayser M title Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global humanmitochondrialDNA variation journal Human Mutation volume 30 issue 2 pages E386 94 year 2009 month February pmid 18853457 doi 10.1002 humu.20921 ref and subsequent published research. Macro haplogroup L mtDNA L Mitochondrial Eve Haplogroup L0 mtDNA L0 L1 6 Haplogroup L1 mtDNA L1 L2 6 Haplogroup L5 mtDNA L5 L2 3 4 6 Haplogroup L2 mtDNA L2 L3 4 6 Haplogroup L6 mtDNA L6 L3 4 Haplogroup L4 mtDNA L4 Haplogroup L3 mtDNA ...Image Map of human migrations.jpg 340px right thumb Hypothesized world map of human migrations, with the North ... back to human origins in Africa and the subsequent spread across the globe. The letter names of the haplogroups ... humans . She is commonly called Mitochondrial Eve . genetic genealogy Evolutionary relationship ... more details
of Y STR markers HumanmitochondrialDNA haplogroups haplogroup Molecular phylogeny Genetic genealogy ...genetic genealogy In human genetics , a Human Y chromosome DNAhaplogroup is a haplogroup defined by differences ... External links Commons category Human Y DNA haplogroups http www.isogg.org tree ISOGG Y DNAHaplogroup ... Y DNA . The Y chromosome consortium has established a system of defining Y DNAhaplogroup s by letters ... 1 Clade 1 Haplogroup A Y DNAHaplogroup A0 2 Clade 1 Haplogroup A Y DNAHaplogroup A1 label2 Haplogroup BT Y DNA BT 2 Clade 1 Haplogroup B Y DNAHaplogroup B label2 Haplogroup CT Y DNA CT 2 Clade label1 Haplogroup DE Y DNA DE 1 Clade 1 Haplogroup D Y DNAHaplogroup D 2 Haplogroup E Y DNAHaplogroup E label2 Haplogroup CF Y DNA CF 2 Clade 1 Haplogroup C Y DNAHaplogroup C 2 Haplogroup F Y DNAHaplogroup F label2 Haplogroup F Y DNAHaplogroup F 2 Clade 1 Haplogroup F Y DNA Haplogroups F1 F4 2 Haplogroup G Y DNAHaplogroup G 3 Haplogroup H Y DNAHaplogroup H 4 Haplogroup IJK label4 Haplogroup IJK Y DNA IJK 4 Clade label1 Haplogroup IJ Y DNAHaplogroup IJ 1 Clade 1 Haplogroup I Y DNAHaplogroup I 2 Haplogroup J Y DNAHaplogroup J label2 Haplogroup K Y DNA Haplogroup K 2 Clade 1 Haplogroup K Y DNA K label2 LT 2 Clade 1 Haplogroup L Y DNAHaplogroup L 2 Haplogroup T Y DNAHaplogroup T label3 Haplogroup MNOPS Y DNA MNOPS 3 Haplogroup MNOPS 3 Clade 1 Haplogroup K Y DNA Haplogroups K1 K4 2 Haplogroup M Y DNAHaplogroup M label3 Haplogroup NO Y DNAHaplogroup NO 3 Clade 1 Haplogroup N Y DNAHaplogroup N 2 Haplogroup O Y DNAHaplogroup O label4 Haplogroup P Y DNAHaplogroup P 4 Clade 1 Haplogroup Q Y DNAHaplogroup Q 2 Haplogroup R Y DNAHaplogroup R 5 Haplogroup S Y DNAHaplogroup ... DNAHaplogroup A M91 Found in Africa , especially the Khoisan , Ethiopia ns especially Beta Israel and Nilotes Haplogroup BT Y DNA BT M42, M94, M139, M299 ca. 55 kiloannum ka Before Present BP Haplogroup B Y DNAHaplogroup B M60 Found in Africa, especially the Pygmies and Hadzabe CT see below Groups ... more details
HumanmitochondrialDNAhaplogroupHumanmitochondrial genetics Mitochondrial disease Mitochondrial ...Image MitochondrialDNA en.svg thumb 300px right HumanmitochondrialDNA. File Electron microscopy reveals mitochondrialDNA in discrete foci.jpg thumb Electron microscopy reveals mitochondrialDNA in discrete ... www.biomedcentral.com 1741 7007 2 9 ref MitochondrialDNA mtDNA or mDNA ref cite web last Sykes first B title MitochondrialDNA and human history url http genome.wellcome.ac.uk doc WTD020876.html work ... in this section is specific to humanmitochondrialDNA Electron transport chain The mitochondrial ... H, Cook PR title The functional organization of mitochondrial genomes in human cells journal BMC ... . MitochondrialDNA can be regarded as the smallest chromosome , and was the first significant part ... has become important in anthropology and field biology. Origin Nuclear and mitochondrialDNA are thought ... target molecules by exponential polymerase chain reaction, copy number of mitochondrialDNA in rat ... injecting a sperm into an oocyte , may interfere with this. The fact that mitochondrialDNA ... region s HVR1 or HVR2 of the mitochondrialDNA, as with a genealogical DNA test . HVR1 consists ... limited biparental inheritance of Mytilus mitochondrialDNA journal Science volume 251 pages 1488 1490 ... mitochondrialDNA by PCR selective amplification method, journal Genet. Res. volume 59 issue ... Meusel MS, Moritz RF title Transfer of paternal mitochondrialDNA during fertilization of honeybee ... inheritance of mitochondrialDNA in mice journal Nature volume 352 issue 6332 pages 255 7 year 1991 ... X, Li N, Guo W, et al. title Further evidence for paternal inheritance of mitochondrialDNA in the sheep ... J, et al. title Composition of parental mitochondrialDNA in cloned bovine embryos journal FEBS ... title Paternal inheritance of mitochondrialDNA journal N. Engl. J. Med. volume 347 issue 8 pages 576 ... Oliveira J, Jiang Y, Kelly R, Salah R title MitochondrialDNA transmission, replication and inheritance ... more details
Infobox haplogroup name CF map Yhaplotree.JPG origin date 55,000 60,000years BP origin place Southwest Asia ancestor Haplogroup CT Y DNA CT descendants Haplogroup C Y DNA C , Haplogroup F Y DNA F mutations P143 In human genetics , Haplogroup CF also known as CF xDE is a human male Human Y chromosome DNA haplogroups Y DNAHaplogroup defined by the SNP P143. Along with and parallel to Haplogroup DE Y DNAHaplogroup DE , it is a descendant of Haplogroup CT Y DNAHaplogroup CT . As its compound name implies, it is the ancestral haplogroup to both Haplogroup C Y DNAHaplogroup C and Haplogroup F Y DNAHaplogroup F . ref cite journal author Underhill PA, Kivisild T title Use of Y chromosome and mitochondrialDNA population structure in tracing human migrations journal Annu. Rev. Genet. volume 41 pages 539 64 year 2007 pmid 18076332 doi 10.1146 annurev.genet.41.110306.130407 url http arjournals.annualreviews.org doi abs 10.1146 annurev.genet.41.110306.130407?url ver Z39.88 2003&rfr id ori rid crossref.org&rfr dat cr pub 3dncbi.nlm.nih.gov ref The haplogroup is hypothetical because no male in haplogroup CF has yet been discovered. References reflist Y DNA Category Human Y DNA haplogroups CF es Haplogrupo CF ADN Y ... more details
Sforza ref ancestor Haplogroup BT Y DNA BT descendants Haplogroup CF Y DNA CF and Haplogroup DE Y DNA DE mutations P9.1, M168, M294, V9, V41, V54, V189, and V226 In human genetics , Haplogroup CT ... human male lines except haplogroup A Y DNA A and haplogroup B Y DNA B , which are both found almost ... reshape and increase resolution of the human Y chromosomal haplogroup tree journal Genome ... Cite journal title Use of Y Chromosome and MitochondrialDNA Population Structure in Tracing ... of CT are in one of two major sub clades, Haplogroup CF Y DNA CF and Haplogroup DE Y DNA DE .... Citation needed date September 2010 In turn, DE is divided into an Asian haplogroup D Y DNAhaplogroup D and a predominantly Africa distributed haplogroup E Y DNAhaplogroup E , while CF is divided into an East Asian, American, and Oceanian haplogroup C Y DNAhaplogroup C and haplogroup F Y DNA ... Haplogroup CF Y DNAHaplogroup CF P143 Haplogroup C Y DNAHaplogroup C M130, M216 Found in Asia , Oceania , and North America Haplogroup C1 Y DNAHaplogroup C1 M8, M105, M131 Found in Japan Haplogroup C2 Y DNAHaplogroup C2 M38 Found in Indonesia , New Guinea , Melanesia , Micronesia , and Polynesia Haplogroup C3 Y DNAHaplogroup C3 M217, P44 Found throughout Eurasia and North America, but especially ... speaking peoples Haplogroup C4 Y DNAHaplogroup C4 M347 Found in the indigenous Australians indigenous peoples of Australia Haplogroup C5 Y DNAHaplogroup C5 M356 Found in South Asia , Central Asia , and Southwest Asia Haplogroup F Y DNAHaplogroup F M89, M213 Found throughout Eurasia , Oceania , and Americas the Americas F1 P91, P104 F2 M427, M428 F3 P96 F4 P254 Haplogroup G Y DNA M201, P257 Found in Europe , Western Asia , Central Asia , South Asia , and North Africa Haplogroup H Y DNA M69, M370 ... Asia , North Africa and East Africa Haplogroup I Y DNA M170, M258, P19, P38, P212, U179 Found in Europe Haplogroup J Y DNA 12f2.1, M304 Found in Europe , Western Asia , North Africa and East Africa ... more details
Orphan date September 2010 Infobox Journal title MitochondrialDNA editor Rob DeSalle discipline CellBiology ... CODEN ISSN 1940 1736 eISSN 1940 1744 MitochondrialDNA is an academic journal that publishes Review journal review articles on the current and developing technologies around mitochondrialDNA research ... and Scope Previously published under the title DNA Sequence Vols 1 19.3 , MitochondrialDNA accepts original high quality reports based on mapping, sequencing and analysis of mitochondrialDNA and RNA. Descriptive papers on DNA sequences from mitochondrial genomes, and also analytical papers in the areas of population genetics, medical genetics, phylogenetics and human evolution that use mitochondrialDNA as a source of evidence for studies will be considered for publication. The editorial board ... address the use of mitochondrialDNA sequences, as well as papers that discuss the utility of mitochondrialDNA information in medical studies and in human evolutionary biology. Editor in Chief http desalle.amnh.org Rob DeSalle American Museum of Natural History is the Editor in Chief of MitochondrialDNA ref cite web url http www.informahealthcare.com page EditorialAdvisoryBoard?journalCode ... http informahealthcare.com toc mdn 22 S1 ref Publication Format MitochondrialDNA publishes WebFirst ... Scopus Zoological Record . References reflist 2 External links http www.informahealthcare.com mdn MitochondrialDNA homepage of MitochondrialDNA Category Publications established in 1980 Category Genetics ... Discovery and description of mitochondrial genome sequences Structure and function of mtDNA genes and genomic ... koloko.net Sergios Orestis Kolokotronis Barnard College, Columbia University . Special Issues MitochondrialDNA has published so far two special free access issues on DNA Barcoding Mexican Barcode of Life ... to the online version is included in all subscriptions. Abstracting & Indexing MitochondrialDNA is abstracted in Current Contents Life Sciences Science Citation Index Research Alert Elsevier BIOBASE ... more details
Human Y chromosome DNA haplogroups Y DNA haplogroups by ethnic groups Haplogroup IJ Y DNAHaplogroup ... Haplogroup F Y DNAHaplogroup F descendants Haplogroup IJ Y DNA IJ , Haplogroup K Y DNA K mutations L15 S137, L16 S138, L69.1 G S163.1 members In human genetics , Haplogroup IJK is a Human Y chromosome DNA haplogroups human Y chromosome DNAhaplogroup . Haplogroup IJK is a descendant branch of the macrohaplogroup Haplogroup F Y DNA F with Haplogroup IJ Y DNAhaplogroup IJ and Haplogroup K Y DNA ... DNA , the two Single nucleotide polymorphism SNP s defining this haplogroup unite I, J, and K within ... published research. IJK IJK L15 S137, L16 S138, L69.1 G S163.1 Haplogroup IJ Y DNA IJ M429 P125, P123, P124, P126, P127, P129, P130, S2, S22 Haplogroup K Y DNA K M9, P128, P131, P132 Some of the main ... Clade 1 Haplogroup IJ label1 Haplogroup IJ Y DNAHaplogroup IJ 1 Clade 1 Haplogroup I label1 Haplogroup I Y DNAHaplogroup I 1 Clade 1 Haplogroup I1. Northern Europe . 2 Haplogroup I2. Scattered around Europe 2 Haplogroup J label2 Haplogroup J Y DNAHaplogroup J 2 Clade 1 Haplogroup J1 Y DNAHaplogroup J1 . Middle East . 2 Haplogroup J2 Y DNAHaplogroup J2 . Middle East . 2 Haplogroup K label2 Haplogroup K Y DNAHaplogroup K 2 Clade 1 Haplogroup L Y DNAHaplogroup L . South Asia . label2 Haplogroup MNOPS Y DNA Macro haplogroup MNOPS 2 Haplogroup MNOPS 2 Clade 1 Haplogroup M Y DNAHaplogroup M . New Guinea , Indonesia , Melanesia and Polynesia . label2 Haplogroup NO Y DNA Macro haplogroup NO 2 Clade 1 Haplogroup N Y DNAHaplogroup N . Mainly found in Northern Asia , Northern Europe , and Eastern Europe . 2 Haplogroup O Y DNAHaplogroup O . Mainly found in East Asia , Southeast Asia , and Oceania . label3 Haplogroup P Y DNA Macro haplogroup P 3 Clade 1 Haplogroup Q Y DNAHaplogroup Q . Mainly found in Northern Asia and the Americas . label2 Haplogroup R Y DNA Macro haplogroup R 2 Clade 1 Haplogroup R1 Y DNA Macro haplogroup R1 . Europe , parts of Central Asia , South Asia , West Asia ... more details
Infobox haplogroup name E1 map origin date 45,000 50,000 years BP origin place Africa ancestor Haplogroup E Y DNA E descendants Haplogroup E1a Y DNA E1a , Haplogroup E1b Y DNA E1b mutations L504, L511, P147 In human genetics , Haplogroup E1 P147 is a human Y chromosome DNAhaplogroup . Haplogroup E1, along with Haplogroup E2 Y DNAhaplogroup E2 , is one of the two main branches of the older Haplogroup E Y DNAHaplogroup E . The E1 clade is divided into two clades subclades Haplogroup E1a Y DNA E1a & Haplogroup E1b Y DNA E1b . Y DNA External links http www.isogg.org tree ISOGG HapgrpE08.html Y DNAHaplogroup E and Its Subclades from ISOGG 2008 Category Human Y DNA haplogroups E Genetics stub ca Haplogrup E del cromosoma Y hum de Haplogruppe E Y DNA es Haplogrupo E ADN Y fr Haplogroupe E Y ADN ru E1 Y ... more details
tree of human Y chromosomes with haplogroup N Y DNAHaplogroup N , which is common throughout North ... group.php?gid 6153169411 Haplogroup O Y DNA interest group on Facebook Category Human Y DNA haplogroups ... DNA NO descendants O , haplogroup O1 Y DNA O1 , haplogroup O2 Y DNA O2 , haplogroup O3 Y DNA O3 mutations M175, P186, P191, P196 members In human genetics , Haplogroup O M175 is a Human Y chromosome DNAhaplogroup Y chromosome DNAhaplogroup . Haplogroup O is a close cladistic brother group with Haplogroup N Y DNAHaplogroup N , and is one of several descendants of haplogroup K Y DNAHaplogroup K the intermediates being haplogroup K xLT Y DNAHaplogroup K xLT and haplogroup NO Y DNAHaplogroup NO . Origins Haplogroup O is a descendant haplogroup of haplogroup NO Y DNAHaplogroup NO M214 , and first ... or East Asia . ref name ISOGG http www.isogg.org tree ISOGG HapgrpO.html Y DNAHaplogroup O and its ... Asia , and Oceania . Among the subbranches of Haplogroup O are Haplogroup O1 Y DNAHaplogroup O1 , Haplogroup O2 Y DNAHaplogroup O2 , and Haplogroup O3 Y DNAHaplogroup O3 . Paragroup O Haplogroup ... O2b Y DNAHaplogroup O2b , which has been found in approximately 30 of many samples of Koreans ... O2 xO2a M95,O2b M176 , or Haplogroup O2b M176. Haplogroup O1 MSY2.2 main Haplogroup O1 Y DNAHaplogroup ... O2 M268 main Haplogroup O2 Y DNAHaplogroup O2a Y DNAHaplogroup O2a M95 Found frequently among ... O2b Y DNAHaplogroup O2b M176 Found frequently among Koreans , with a moderate distribution among Buryats ... Thais , and Vietnam ese. Haplogroup O3 M122 main Haplogroup O3 Y DNA Found frequently among ... O M175 1 clade label1 Northern Asiatic Haplogroup O3 Y DNA O3 M122 1 clade label1 Sino Tibetan languages Sino Tibetan Haplogroup O3 Y DNA O3a3c M134 1 clade 1 Sinitic languages Sinitic Haplogroup O3 Y DNA O3a3c1 M117 2 Tibeto ... 2 clade 1 clade label1 Austro Asiatic languages Austro Asiatic Haplogroup O2a Y DNA O2a ... more details
Infobox haplogroup name Q1a3 map origin date origin place Eurasia ancestor Q1a descendants Q1a3a, Q1a3b mutations L56, L57, M346 members Haplogroup Q1a3 is a subclade of Y DNAHaplogroup Q Y DNAHaplogroup Q . Haplogroup Q1a3 is defined by the presence of the M346 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism SNP and may therefore be referred to as Q M346 in shorthand . Distribution Q1a3 was first thought to be isolated to India ref A novel subgroup Q5 of human Y chromosomal haplogroup Q in India http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pmc articles PMC2258157 . ref but has since been detected in the Middle East, ref Saudi Arabian Y Chromosome diversity and its relationship with nearby regions http www.biomedcentral.com 1471 2156 10 59 ref Europe Citation needed date September 2011 and the Americas. ref Restricted geographic distribution for Y Q paragroup in South America http www3.interscience.wiley.com journal 122506765 abstract. ref Associated SNP s Q1a3 is marked by the presence of the M346 SNP. Since the discovery of M346 several additional SNP s have been found to also be associated with Q1a3. These SNP s include L56 and L57. These SNP s appear to be parallel to M346. ref Family Tree DNA Draft Haplogroup Q Tree http ytree.ftdna.com index.php?name Draft&parent 31182976. ref Subgroups The International Society of Genetic Genealogy ISOGG defines the subgroups of Q1a3 as the following ref ISOGG 2010 Haplogroup Q Tree http www.isogg.org tree ISOGG HapgrpQ.html ref Haplogroup Q1a3a L53, L54, L55 Haplogroup Q1a3a1 Y DNAHaplogroup Q1a3a1 M3 Haplogroup Q1a3a1a M19 Haplogroup Q1a3a1b M194 Haplogroup Q1a3a1c M199, P106, P292 Haplogroup Q1a3b M323 See also Human Y chromosome DNAhaplogroupHaplogroup Q Y DNAHaplogroup Q Haplogroup Q1a3a1 Y DNAHaplogroup Q1a3a1 Y DNA References references External links http www.familytreedna.com public yDNA Q The Y DNAHaplogroup Q Project DEFAULTSORT Haplogroup Q1a3 Y Dna Category Human Y DNA haplogroups Q1a3 ... more details
and increase resolution of the human Y chromosomal haplogroup tree journal Genome Research volume ... Hammer, M.F., Zegura, S.L. 2002 The human Y chromosome haplogroup tree Nomenclature and phylogeography ... South Asia or Southwest Asia ancestor Haplogroup CF Y DNA CF descendants F , F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, Haplogroup G Y DNA G , Haplogroup H Y DNA H , Haplogroup IJK Y DNA IJK mutations P14, M89, M213, P133, P134 ..., P161, P163, P166, P187 members In human genetics , haplogroup F is a very common Human Y chromosome DNAhaplogroup Y chromosome haplogroup spanning all the continents. This haplogroup and its subclade ... haplogroups haplogroup G Y DNA G M201 , haplogroup H Y DNA H M69 , and haplogroup IJK Y DNA ... ancestral Haplogroup CF Y DNA C F chromosome may have been carried out of Africa very early in the modern ... H Y DNA H , Haplogroup C Y DNA C5 , Haplogroup R2 Y DNA R2 and Haplogroup L Y DNA L1 . ref name ... Zegura first2 Stephen L. title THE HUMAN Y CHROMOSOME HAPLOGROUP TREE Nomenclature and Phylogeography ... haplogroup J Y DNA J , Haplogroup R1b Y DNA R1b , and Haplogroup T Y DNA T . Distribution Because Haplogroup IJK Y DNA IJK is a subclade of F , it is the most common macro haplogroup outside of Africa ... , where haplogroups Haplogroup E Y DNA E , Haplogroup A Y DNA A , Haplogroup B Y DNA B predominate, as well as parts of Eastern Asia and Oceania , where Haplogroup C Y DNA C and Haplogroup D Y DNA D are most ... F Y DNA Project Family Project Website ref The F haplogroup is paraphyly paraphyletic and rare in most regions. In India it is distributed similarly to Haplogroup H Y DNA H . ref name Chiaroni cite ... journal Human Biology volume 78 issue 3 pages 277 93 year 2006 doi 10.1353 hub.2006.0041 ref Haplogroup ... and subsequent published research. Haplogroup CF Y DNA CF F P14 , M89 , M213, P133, P134, P135, P136 ... 9 pages 154 year 2009 pmid 19573232 pmc 2720951 doi 10.1186 1471 2148 9 154 ref Haplogroup G Y DNA G M201 Throughout Eurasia but predominantly in the Caucasus . Haplogroup H Y DNA H M69, M370 Typical ... more details
Infobox haplogroup name BT map Y DNA tree.GIF origin date 70,000 80,000 years BP origin place Africa ancestor Haplogroup A Y DNA A2 T descendants Haplogroup B Y DNA B , Haplogroup CT Y DNA CT mutations Page65.1 SRY1532.1 SRY10831.1, M42, M91, M94, M139, M299, P97, V21, V29, V31, V59, V64, V102, V187, V202, V216, V235 In human genetics , Haplogroup BT SRY10831.1 SRY1532.1 , M42, M94, M139, M299 is a Human Y chromosome DNAhaplogroup Y chromosome haplogroup . ref ISOGG 2011, http www.isogg.org tree ISOGG YDNATreeTrunk.html Y DNAHaplogroup Tree ref The notation BT refers to the derived set of haplogroups between B and T which forms its own cladistic set. Haplogroup BT is descended from Haplogroup A Y DNAHaplogroup A2 T about 70,000 years Before Present bp , possibly originating in western North Africa or central West Africa . It contains the remaining living human Y DNA haplogroups from macro haplogroup A. References references Y DNA Category Human Y DNA haplogroups BT bioinformatics stub ca Haplogrup BR del cromosoma Y hum es Haplogrupo BT ADN Y fr Haplogroupe BT Y ADN ... more details
sources date August 2009 In human genetics, Haplogroup O2 P31, M268 is a Y chromosome DNAhaplogroup. br Haplogroup O2 is a descendent branch of the greater Haplogroup O Y DNAHaplogroup O . Distribution Although Haplogroup O2 is not found so frequently in modern human populations as its brother clade, Haplogroup O3 Y DNAHaplogroup O3 , it is notable for the peculiarities of its geographical distribution. Like all clades of Haplogroup O, Haplogroup O2 is found only among the males of modern Eastern Eurasia n populations. However, unlike Haplogroup O3, which is shared in common by almost all populations of Eastern Eurasia as well as many populations of Oceania , Haplogroup O2 is generally found only among certain populations, such as the Austroasiatic peoples of India, Bangladesh and Southeast Asia, the Nicobarese of the Nicobar Islands in the Indian Ocean, and the Koreans , Japanese people Japanese , and southern Tungusic peoples in China . Besides its widespread and patchy distribution, Haplogroup O2 is also notable for the fact that it can be divided into two major subclades that show almost completely disjunct distribution. One of these subclades, Haplogroup O2a Y DNAHaplogroup O2a M95 , is found among some mostly tribal populations of South and Southeast Asia, as well as among the Khmer people Khmers of Cambodia and the Balinese people Balinese of Indonesia . The other major subclade, HaplogroupHaplogroup O2b Y DNA O2b SRY465, M176 , is found almost exclusively among the Japanese people Japanese , Koreans , and Manchu people Manchurians . Sources http www.calabriadna.com ydna haplogroup descriptions.htm Y DNAHaplogroup Descriptions See also Human Y chromosome DNA haplogroups Y DNA Category Human Y DNA haplogroups O2 genetics stub ... more details
Infobox haplogroup name E1b map origin date 40000 years BP origin place Africa ref name semino2004 http www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov articlerender.fcgi?artid 1181965& Origin, Diffusion, and Differentiation of Y Chromosome Haplogroups E and J ref ancestor Haplogroup E1 Y DNA E1 descendants Haplogroup E1b1 Y DNA E1b1 , E1b2 mutations P177 In human genetics , Haplogroup E1b P177 is a human Y chromosome DNAhaplogroup . Haplogroup E1b, along with Haplogroup E1a Y DNAhaplogroup E1a , make up the two main components of the older Haplogroup E1 Y DNA E1 . So far there are no attested exempliars of E1b . The clade is dominated by subclade E1b1 E P2 or E PN2 , which is by far the most frequent. Another subclade of E1b, E1b2 P75 , was announced in Hammer et al. 2003 and confirmed as a sibling to E1b1 in Karafet et al. 2008 . Tree This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup subclades is based on the YCC 2008 tree ref Karafet et al. 2008 ref and subsequent published research. E1b P177 Haplogroup E1b1 Y DNA E1b1 P2, P179, P180, P181, DYS391p Haplogroup E1b1a Y DNA E1b1a L222.1, V38, V100 Haplogroup E1b1b Y DNA E1b1b M215 Page40 E1b2 P75 Y DNA References reflist 2 External links http www.isogg.org tree ISOGG HapgrpE08.html Y DNAHaplogroup E and Its Subclades from ISOGG 2008 http www.britishislesdna.com British Isles DNA Project Category Human Y DNA haplogroups E ca Haplogrup E del cromosoma Y hum de Haplogruppe E Y DNA es Haplogrupo E ADN Y fr Haplogroupe E Y ADN ru E1b Y ... more details
also Haplogroup DE Y DNAHaplogroup E Y DNA Y DNA References cite journal author Underhill PA, Kivisild T title Use of y chromosome and mitochondrialDNA population structure in tracing human migrations ... reshape and increase resolution of the human Y chromosomal haplogroup tree journal Genome Research ... gr.7172008v1 pmid 18385274 issue 5 pmc 2336805 ref While haplogroup D along with haplogroup E Y DNAhaplogroup E contains the distinctive YAP genetics YAP polymorphism which indicates their common ancestry , no haplogroup D chromosomes have been found anywhere outside of Asia. ref name Karafet Overview Like haplogroup C Y DNAhaplogroup C , D is believed to represent the Great Coastal Migration ... exclusively Haplogroup D chromosomes, although haplogroup C3 Y DNAHaplogroup C3 chromosomes also have been found in 15 3 20 of sampled Ainu males. Haplogroup D chromosomes are also found at low to moderate ... belong to Haplogroup D Haplogroup D1 Y DNAHaplogroup D1 among the Tibetan people Tibetans as well as among ... HapgrpD.html Y DNAHaplogroup D and its Subclades 2010 ref Haplogroup DE Y DNA DE D M174, IMS JST021355 ... National Geographic Category Human Y DNA haplogroups D ca Haplogrup D del cromosoma Y hum de ...Infobox haplogroup name D map Yhaplotree.JPG origin date 50,000 ref name ISOGG 60,000 ref name Shi2008 years BP origin place Asia ref name Karafet ancestor Haplogroup DE Y DNA DE descendants Haplogroup D1 Y DNA D1 , D2, D3 mutations M174, IMS JST021355, PAGES00003 members In human genetics , Haplogroup D M174 is a Y chromosome haplogroup . Both D and E lineages also exhibit the single nucleotide polymorphism Haplogroup CT Y DNA M168 which is present in all Y chromosome haplogroups except haplogroup A Y DNA A and haplogroup B Y DNA B , as well as the YAP unique event polymorphism , which is unique to Haplogroup DE . Origins Haplogroup D is believed to have originated in Asia some 60,000 years ... evidence of earliest modern human settlement in East Asia and multiple origins of Tibetan and Japanese ... more details
also Haplogroup D Y DNA Y DNA Category Human Y DNA haplogroups D genetics stub ... s, as Haplogroup O3 Y DNAHaplogroup O3 , which is the most common haplogroup among the Han Chinese and also generally found among Southeast Asian populations, becomes dominant. Haplogroup D1 continues ...Unreferenced date August 2007 Infobox haplogroup name D1 map origin date origin place ancestor Haplogroup D Y DNA D descendants D1a mutations M15 members In human genetics , Haplogroup D1 M15 is a Human Y chromosome DNAhaplogroup Y chromosome DNAhaplogroup . Haplogroup D1 is a descendant branch of the greater Haplogroup D Y DNAHaplogroup D . Its phylogenetically closest relatives are found among the peoples of Japan , Central Asia , and the Andaman Islands in the Bay of Bengal . It is more distantly related to the Haplogroup E Y DNAHaplogroup E , whose sub clades are common throughout Africa , West Asia , and Europe . Distribution Haplogroup D1 is widely distributed throughout populations that dwell to the northwest, north, northeast, east, and southeast of the Himalayas Himalaya . It is not found among the populations of India to the south and southwest. The distribution of Haplogroup D1 in Southeast Asia is also very limited, as it is found there only at low frequency and only among populations that speak Tibeto Burman languages Tibeto Burman or Hmong Mien languages Miao Yao languages, which have ancestral ties to the north. The distribution of Haplogroup D1 is much more regular in the north, as it is found among nearly all the populations of Central Asia and Northeast Asia ... of Haplogroup D1 occurs as one approaches the Tibetan Plateau Qinghai Tibetan Plateau ..., minor spike in the frequency of Haplogroup D1 occurs again in Korea , where it may reach as high ... to provide the story with some independent corroboration. As for the ultimate origin of Haplogroup D1, one can only speculate that it might share a recent common ancestor with the Haplogroup D M174 Y ... more details
of Human Genetics, Springer Verlag 2005 ref Haplogroup NO M214 xN1 LLY22g, O M175 Y DNA also has ... of the Y chromosome haplogroup N from Southeast Asia towards Europe, European Journal of Human Genetics ... Rootsi ancestor Haplogroup K xLT Y DNA K xLT descendants Haplogroup N Y DNA N , Haplogroup O Y DNA O and NO mutations M214, P188, P192, P193, P194, P195. members In human genetics , Haplogroup NO M214 is a Human Y chromosome DNA haplogroups human Y chromosome DNAhaplogroup . Haplogroup NO is a descendant branch of the greater Haplogroup MNOPS Y DNAHaplogroup MNOPS also known as K xLT and a phylogenetic sibling of haplogroup M Y DNAHaplogroup M , Haplogroup P Y DNAHaplogroup P , and haplogroup S Y DNAHaplogroup S . Origins The M214 mutation that defines Haplogroup NO occurred in a gamete of a man who belonged to Haplogroup K xLT Y DNAHaplogroup K xLT and who probably lived somewhere in Asia ... ancestor of a very large percentage of present day humans, as he is the forefather of both Haplogroup N Y DNAHaplogroup N and Haplogroup O Y DNAHaplogroup O , which together are overwhelmingly dominant ... of the Human Y Chromosomal Haplogroup Tree , Genome Research, DOI 10.1101 gr.7172008 ref and subsequent published research. NO M214, P188, P192, P193, P194, P195 NO N M231 Haplogroup N Y DNA Main N Article O M175, P186, P191, P196 Haplogroup O Y DNA Main O Article References reflist See also Human Y chromosome DNAhaplogroup Genealogical DNA test Y chromosome haplogroups by populations Y DNA External links Category Human Y DNA haplogroups NO es Haplogrupo NO ADN Y hi ru ...Infobox haplogroup name NO map origin date 34.600 4.700 years BP ref name Rootsi Rootsi, Siiri et al ... case of Haplogroup NO has been found. However, NO M214 xN1 LLY22g, O M175 , which potentially may belong either to Haplogroup NO or to Haplogroup N M231 xN1 LLY22g , has been found in 5.7 2 35 of a sample ... contrast in human population expansion times, Genetics 172 2431 2439 April 2006 . ref and in 2.9 6 ... more details
Infobox haplogroup name R2a1 map origin date n a origin place n a ancestor Haplogroup R2a Y DNA R2a descendants R2a1 , R2a1a mutations L295 ref name isogg ISOGG 2011 , http www.isogg.org tree ISOGG HapgrpR.html Y DNAHaplogroup R and its Subclades 2011 . ref ref name PAGES00004 FTDNA s Draft phylogeny tree, http ytree.ftdna.com index.php?name Draft&parent 99812970 FTDNA s Draft phylogeny tree . ref members n a Haplogroup R2a1 is a Human Y chromosome DNA haplogroups Y chromosome haplogroup characterized by genetic marker L295, ref name isogg ref name PAGES00004 and is found in Qatar, India, Armenia, Turkey, Italy, and United Kingdom so far. Subclades Clade label1 Haplogroup R2a1 1 Clade label1 1 Paragroup R2a1 label2 2 Haplogroup R2a1a Paragroup R2a1 Paragroup is a term used in population genetics to describe lineages within a haplogroup that are not defined by any additional Unique event polymorphism unique markers . They are typically represented by an asterisk placed after the main haplogroup. Y chromosomes which are positive to the L295 SNP and negative to the L294 SNP, are categorized as belonging to Paragroup R2a1 . So far, it is found in Italy , India , and within the Simpson family. ref name R2 WTY R2 M124 WTY Walk Through the Y Project, http www.familytreedna.com public R2 M124 WTY R2 M124 WTY Walk Through the Y Project . ref Haplogroup R2a1a It is represented by the L294 SNP and found in Armenia and Turkey so far. ref name R2 WTY Notes references External links http www.familytreedna.com public R2 R2 Y Chromosome HaplogroupDNA Project http www.r2dna.org Digging into Haplogroup R2 Y DNA http www.familytreedna.com public R2 M124 WTY R2 M124 WTY Walk Through the Y Project DEFAULTSORT Haplogroup R2a1 Y Dna Category Human Y DNA haplogroups R2a1 ... more details
Infobox haplogroup name IJ map Haplogroup IJ Y DNA .jpg origin date 35,000 40,000 years BP Citation needed date August 2011 origin place Southwest Asia ancestor Haplogroup IJK Y DNA IJK descendants Haplogroup I Y DNA I , Haplogroup J Y DNA J mutations M429 P125, P123, P124, P126, P127, P129, P130, S2, S22 In human genetics , Haplogroup IJ is a Human Y chromosome DNA haplogroups human Y chromosome DNAhaplogroup . Haplogroup IJ is a descendant branch of Haplogroup IJK Y DNAHaplogroup IJK ref http ... from the greater Haplogroup F Y DNAHaplogroup F . Descendants are Haplogroup I Y DNAHaplogroup I and Haplogroup J Y DNAHaplogroup J . Haplogroup IJ derived populations account for a significant fraction .... Origin It is notable that no example of a Haplogroup IJ haplogroup Y chromosome has been found among any modern human population the existence of the Haplogroup IJ node has been inferred from ... resolution of the human Y chromosomal haplogroup tree journal Genome Research year 2008 volume ... IJ M429, P123, P124, P125, P126, P127, P129, P130, S2, S22 per ISOGG 2008 Haplogroup I Y DNA I M170, P19, M258, P38, P212, U179 Haplogroup I notation updated to ISOGG 2008 I Haplogroup I1 Y DNA ... Haplogroup J Y DNA J 12f2.1, M304, S6, S34, S35 J Haplogroup J1 Y DNA J1 M267 Typical of populations ... and East Africa J1 J1a M62 J1b M365 J1c M367, M368 J1d M369 J1e M390 Haplogroup J2 Y DNA J2 M172 ..., and Italy possibly from Ancient Greece Ancient Greeks References reflist See also HaplogroupHuman Y chromosome DNA haplogroups Y DNA haplogroups by ethnic groups Haplogroup I Y DNAHaplogroup I1 Y DNAHaplogroup I2 Y DNAHaplogroup J Y DNAHaplogroup J2 Y DNA Y DNA DEFAULTSORT Haplogroup Ij Y Dna Category Human Y DNA haplogroups IJ hi it Aplogruppo IJ Y DNA ru IJ Y ... haplogroups I and J. The lack of any examples of Haplogroup IJ belonging to neither Haplogroup I nor Haplogroup J complicates any attempt to deduce the geographical location where Haplogroup IJ ... more details
mutations M3 rs3894 members In human genetics , Haplogroup Q1a3a1 Y DNA small phylogenetic name small and or Q M3 small mutational name small is a Human Y chromosome DNAhaplogroup Y chromosome DNAhaplogroup Y DNA . ref name Genebase cite web title Learn about Y DNAHaplogroup Q work Wendy Tymchuk ... American populations ref name subclades See also Human Y chromosome DNAhaplogroupHaplogroup Q Y DNAHaplogroup Q Haplogroup Q1a3 Y DNAHaplogroup Q1a3 Y DNA References references External links http www.familytreedna.com public Amerind 20Y The Y DNAHaplogroup Q1a3a American Indian Project http www.qydna.org The Y DNAHaplogroup Q Project http www.genebase.com learning article 16 Learn about Y DNAHaplogroup Q DEFAULTSORT Haplogroup Q1a3a1 Y Dna Category Human Y DNA haplogroups Q1a3a ca Haplogrup ... such as single nucleotide polymorphisms, or SNPs. These SNPs mark the branch of a haplogroup, and indicate that all descendents of that haplogroup at one time shared a common ancestor. The Y DNA SNP ... peoples of the Americas, along with haplogroupHaplogroup C3 Y DNA C3b P39 which is almost exclusively ...Infobox haplogroup name Q1a3a1 map origin date 10 to 15 thousand years ago origin place North America ... of Haplogroup Q url http 64.40.115.138 file lu 6 52235 NTIyMzV9K3szNTc2Nzc .jpg?download 1 publisher ... within a haplogroup, leading to new lineages. These new lineages are considered subclades of the haplogroup. Each time a new mutation occurs, there is a new branch in the haplogroup, and therefore a new subclade. Haplogroup Q, possibly the youngest of the 20 Y chromosome haplogroups, originated with the SNP mutation M242 in a man from Haplogroup P that likely lived in Siberia approximately 15,000 to 20,000 years before present ref Haplogroup Q1a3a1 is a subclade of Haplogroup Q Y DNAHaplogroup Q . Haplogroup Q1a3a1 was previously known as Haplogroup Q3. Indigenous Amerindian sub clade See Genetic history of indigenous peoples of the Americas Y DNA haplogroups in Indigenous peoples of the Americas ... more details
Infobox haplogroup name DE map origin date 65,000 59,100 68,300 BP ref name Karafet origin place Africa or Asia ancestor Haplogroup CT Y DNA CT descendants Haplogroup D Y DNA D , Haplogroup E Y DNA E mutations M1 YAP, M145 P205, M203, P144, P153, P165, P167, P183 members In human genetics , Haplogroup DE is a human Y chromosome DNAhaplogroup . It is defined by the single nucleotide polymorphism SNP ... reshape and increase resolution of the human Y chromosomal haplogroup tree journal Genome Research ... can be categorized as being in either Haplogroup D Y DNA , which likely originated in Asia , the only place where it has been found, ref name Karafet or Haplogroup E Y DNAhaplogroup E , which is believed ... was based on the fact that older African lineages, such as Haplogroup A Y DNA haplogroups A and Haplogroup B Y DNA B , were YAP negative whereas the younger lineage, Haplogroup E Y DNAhaplogroup ... M174 mutation that defines haplogroup D Y DNAhaplogroup D . The M174 allele is found in the ancestral ... , mitochondrialDNA or autosomal DNA evidence of a back migration to Africa. ref name underhill Although haplogroup C Y DNAHaplogroup C seems to have originated in Asia at a similar time to Haplogroup .... These include haplogroup R1b Y DNAHaplogroup R1b1 18 23kya , which has been observed with especially high frequency among the members of some tribes in northern Cameroon , and Haplogroup T Y DNAHaplogroup ... reshape Y chromosome haplogroup tree gaining new insights into human ancestry ref Peter Underhill ... DNA population structure in tracing human migrations journal Annu. Rev. Genet. volume 41 issue ... research. DE M1 YAP, M145 P205 , M203, P144, P153, P165, P167, P183 Haplogroup D Y DNA D M174, 021355 Haplogroup E Y DNA E SRY4064, M96, P29, P150, P152, P154, P155, P156, P162 Y DNA See also Haplogroup D Y DNAHaplogroup E Y DNA References reflist External links DEFAULTSORT Haplogroup De Y Dna Category Human Y DNA haplogroups DE ca Haplogrup DE del cromosoma Y hum es Haplogrupo DE ADN Y fr Haplogroupe ... more details
, but Not MitochondrialDNA, Diversity in Human Populations from West New Guinea, American Journal of Human Genetics 72 281 302, 2003 ref origin place Southeast Asia Melanesia ancestor M mutations ... 29 ref name Kayser2003 , Maluku Islands Moluccas 21 ref name Kayser2003 In human genetics , Haplogroup M P256 is a Human Y chromosome DNAhaplogroup Y chromosome DNAhaplogroup . The Karafet s 2008 ... 379223 Reduced Y Chromosome, but Not MitochondrialDNA, Diversity in Human Populations from West ... 2006 23 8 1628 1641 ref origin place Southeast Asia Melanesia ancestor Haplogroup MNOPS Y DNA MNOPS descendants mutations P256 members Infobox haplogroup name M1 map origin date 8,200 3,800 20,600 ... P34 M1a P34 is the most frequently occurring Y chromosome DNAhaplogroup in Western New Guinea . It is also ... of the Human Y Chromosomal Haplogroup Tree , Genome Research, DOI 10.1101 gr.7172008 ref and subsequent ... M3 P117, P118 References reflist See also Y DNA External links https www3.nationalgeographic.com genographic atlas.html?card my040 Spread of Haplogroup M , from National Geographic magazine National Geographic Category Human Y DNA haplogroups M ca Haplogrup M del cromosoma Y hum de Haplogruppe M Y ...Infobox haplogroup name M map Melanesia M ADN Y.PNG origin date 32,000 47,000 years BP ref name Scheinfeldt2006 ... marker previously represented the whole of Haplogroup M and subgroups M2 and M3 were formerly classed as subgroups K1 and K7 of the parent Haplogroup K Y DNAHaplogroup K . Origins It is a descendant haplogroup of Haplogroup MNOPS Y DNAhaplogroup MNOPS , and is believed to have first appeared approximately 40,000 years ago. Distribution M is the most frequently occurring Y chromosome haplogroup ..., Laura Mayer, Michael Bamshad, Lynn B. Jorde, and Michael F. Hammer, Human Biology Feb. 2005 ... and Papuan Speaking Communities from Solomon Islands, American Journal of Human Biology ... Futuna . ref name Kayser2008 ref name Scheinfeldt2006 Subclades Tree This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup ... more details
Haplogroup S may refer to Haplogroup S mtDNA , a humanmitochondrialDNA mtDNA haplogroupHaplogroup S Y DNA , a human Y chromosome Y DNAhaplogroup Haplogroups Disambig de Haplogruppe S ... more details
Haplogroup T may refer to Haplogroup T mtDNA , a humanmitochondrialDNA mtDNA haplogroupHaplogroup T Y DNA , a human Y chromosome Y DNAhaplogroup Haplogroups Disambig de Haplogruppe T ... more details
, P173, P174, P175, P176 members In human genetics , Haplogroup E M96 is a human Y chromosome DNA ... at FTDNA DEFAULTSORT Haplogroup E Y Dna Category Human Y DNA haplogroups E ar E ... Haplogroup DE Y DNA DE descendants Haplogroup E1 Y DNA E1 , Haplogroup E2 Y DNA E2 mutations L339 ... branch being Haplogroup D Y DNAhaplogroup D . The E clade is divided into two clades subclades ..., with the other major clade, Haplogroup D Y DNAhaplogroup D , being East Asian. DE is a clade within Haplogroup CT Y DNA M168 with the other two major clades, C and F, considered to have a Eurasian origin ... 10.1146 annurev.genet.41.110306.130407 title Use of Y Chromosome and MitochondrialDNA Population ... 250px Haplogroup E Y DNA . Most members of haplogroup E belong to one of its identified subclades ... main Haplogroup E1 Y DNA E1a main Haplogroup E1a Y DNA While there have been no attested exemplars ... E1b main Haplogroup E1b Y DNA So far there are no attested examples of E1b . The clade is dominated ... subclade of E1b, E1b2 P75 , is much more unusual. E1b1 main Haplogroup E1b1 Y DNA E1b1, also known ... V38 . E1b1a main Haplogroup E1b1a Y DNA E1b1a is the primary subclade of E in West Africa ns and many ... E1b1a1a1f E L485 or E1b1a1a1g E U175 . E1b1b main Haplogroup E1b1b Y DNA E1b1b is a primary subclade ... Haplogroup E2 Y DNA E2 M75 is present throughout Sub Saharan Africa, in East Africa, Southern Africa ..., P175, P176 Haplogroup E1 Y DNA E1 P147 Haplogroup E1a Y DNA E1a M33, M132 E1a1 M44 E1a2 P110 E1a3 L94 E1a4 L133 PAGES00074 Haplogroup E1b Y DNA E1b P177 Haplogroup E1b1 Y DNA E1b1 DYS391p, P2 PN2, P179, P180, P181 Haplogroup E1b1a Y DNA E1b1a L222.1, V38, V100 E1b1a1 DYS271 M2 SY81, V95, V43, M180 ... P268, P269 E1b1a2 M329 Haplogroup E1b1b Y DNA E1b1b M215 PAGES00040 E1b1b1 M35.1, M243, L336 Haplogroup ... M293 E1b1b1e1 P72 E1b1b1f V42 E1b1b1g V92 E1b1b2 M281, V16 E1b2 P75 Haplogroup E2 Y DNA E2 M75 ... polymorphisms reshape and increase resolution of the human Y chromosomal haplogroup tree journal ... more details
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