This is a list of fiction al stories in which illegitimacy features as an important plot narrative plot element. Passing mentions are omitted from this article. Many of these stories deal with the social pain and exclusion felt by illegitimate natural children . Illegitimacy was a common theme in Victorian literature . Illegitimacy was a popular subject for Victorian writers, not only because of its ... which kept the topic in the public eye. ref Representations of illegitimacy in Wilkie ... Representations of illegitimacy in Wilkie.html ref Written works Image Shakespeare.jpg thumb ... tradesman. Alexandre Dumas, p re , Antony 1831 play a defense of adultery and illegitimacy ... given to Lyubonka s illegitimacy was of personal concern to Herzen, who was himself illegitimate ... s many secrets is the illegitimacy of heroine Esther Summerson. Illegitimacy is one of the social questions that Dickens addresses in the novel, making Esther its moral heart despite her illegitimacy ... with two women For Collins, the theme of illegitimacy was more than just a plot mechanism through ... Representations of illegitimacy in Wilkie Collins s early novels. Philological Quarterly , 22 MAR 04 . http goliath.ecnext.com coms2 gi 0199 5751427 Representations of illegitimacy in Wilkie.html ... s illegitimacy and the resulting moral dilemmas that face the character. The Woman in White novel The Woman in White 1859 , centred around illegitimacy, and the lengths one of the main characters ... novel fear of uncovering illegitimacy and the social shame that that would bring are key plot drivers ... novel several generations of illegitimacy in a theatrical family. Tanya Huff , Tanya Huff Blood Books ... theme of illegitimacy of a year 12 student, whose father comes back into her life after having ... of Ice and Fire series of novels, 1996 present Illegitimacy is a central theme throughout the series ... 2002 , a murder mystery set in 1932, driven by hidden illegitimacy Television Peyton Place TV series ... more details
orphan date February 2009 Defect of Birth was, under former Roman Catholic canon law , a canonical impediment to ordination, stemming from illegitimacy. Under the current 1983 Code of Canon Law, illegitimacy no longer has any canonical implications or consequences. Defect of birth was an impediment to the reception of orders, and inhibited the exercise of the functions of orders already received. The prohibition did not touch the validity of orders, but made the reception of them illicit. The defect of illegitimate birth could be remedied in four ways 1 by the subsequent marriage of the parents, if they were capable of contracting a marriage at the time of birth 2 by a rescript of the pope 3 by religious profession 4 by a dispensation. See also Illegitimacy External links http www.newadvent.org cathen 02579b.htm Catholic Encyclopedia Defect of Birth Category Canon law Catholic Church RC Canon law stub Catholic ... more details
Orphan date July 2009 Family Farm Preservation was a right wing agrarian populist organisation in the United States which promoted grass roots movement to prevent family farms from being foreclosed upon. The group has been linked to the earlier right wing organization Posse Comitatus , and in some reports is alleged to be a direct outgrowth. In a 1995 interview, an FFP worker stated that the FFP, though not religious, was a Christian and spiritual organization which sought to educate the public on their legal rights. Among their beliefs was the illegitimacy of lawyers, as the Bar association was chartered by the king of England, the illegitimacy of property taxes, and that most authority held by government officials is in violation of 1872 law. Clarify me date March 2009 The member, Ramsden, stated that the goal of the FFP is that society should be just as it was after the Revolutionary War. ref Doris Hajewski. http findarticles.com p articles mi qn4207 is 19950123 ai n10182211 Family Farm group explains its politics . Milwaukee Journal. January 23 1995. ref Notable affiliates Though not concretely linked to FFP, Terry Nichols , compatriot of Oklahoma City bomber Timothy McVeigh , used the FFP s concept in employing a pseudo check labeled Fractional Reserve Notes to pay off credit card debts. ref James Ridgeway. http www.villagevoice.com 1997 10 07 news terry nichols s posse Terry Nichols s Posse . Village Voice, 7 October 1997 ref References reflist Category Far right politics in the United States Category Populism ... more details
Bastardo is a proper noun for at least two referents, each of them probably cognate with the common noun bastardo , meaning Illegitimacy bastard in several Romance language s It may also refer to Bastardo , Spanish hiphop artist, based in Ibiza. Bastardo Giano dell Umbria , an Italian town in Perugia province Bastardo grape , a Portuguese variety of red grape Antonio Bastardo , a baseball player for the Philadelphia Phillies Bastardo , a single released by Charlotte Hatherley Bastardo , another name for a Pakistani Bastardo negro , a Spanish variety of red grape Bastardos , an album disambiguation es Bastardo it Bastardo ... more details
Orphan date April 2011 Felipe de Carrayos del Radona was an illegitimate son of John II of Aragon and an unknown mistress. Little is known about Felipe. He often participated in court activities but was never in line of succession because of his illegitimacy. Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Carrayos del Radona, Felipe de ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Carrayos Del Radona, Felipe De Category Year of birth missing Category Year of death missing Category 15th century Spanish people Category Spanish nobility Category Illegitimate children of Spanish monarchs Europe royal stub Spain bio stub ... more details
Civics is usually considered a branch of applied ethics . Within any given political tradition or ethical tradition , civics refers to education in the obligations and the rights of the citizens under that tradition. Topics in civics include compactTOC8 side yes top yes num yes A Abortion, legal and moral issues Adoption Adultery Arbitration Animal Testing C Crime Civic education Capital punishment D Defamation Divorce Dentistry Dental E Economics G Good faith Grandparent visitation H Hate speech I Illegitimacy Immigration Individual rights Informed consent M Mediation Mischief Mistake Moral rights N Natural law O Obscenity P Paternity law Paternity Personal property Politics Product liability Property Public education Public domain Public property R Rights Rape Religion S Sanctions Sexual harassment Slander Social control See also List of legal topics DEFAULTSORT Civics topics Category Society related lists Category Indexes of topics Index footer ... more details
orphan date March 2010 A mark of distinction , in heraldry , is a charge showing that the bearer of a shield is not as defined by the rules or laws of heraldry in most, though not all, countries and situations descended by blood from the original bearer. The mark of distinction which is so called as it is supposed to make distinct that the bearer is not one of the possible legitimate heirs or heiresses usually refers to a context of illegitimacy , the illegitimate offspring being regarded as a stranger in blood to his natural father. The mark of distinction may also be applied upon the adoption of a surname and arms of a family from whom the bearer is not descended. References John Brooke Little Norroy and Ulster King of Arms An Heraldic Alphabet new and revised edition . Robson Books, London, 1985. Arthur Charles Fox Davies A Complete Guide to Heraldry revised and annotated by J.P. Brooke Little, Richmond Herald . Nelson, London, 1969. Category Heraldry heraldry stub ... more details
orphan date March 2010 unreferenced date February 2007 Image Escudo de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires.png thumb 200px Coat of arms of the City of Buenos Aires The Coat of arms of Buenos Aires is the official shield used by the different areas and dependencies of the Government of Buenos Aires , Argentina . History On October 20, 1580 the government of the city of La Trinidad and the port of Buen Ayre , headed by Juan de Garay , received an insignia sent to it by the crown for their approval. It depicted an eagle which was unfortunately looking to the left the right of the observer , which in heraldry suggests illegitimacy . There was another error, in that the crown was royal which is supposed to be reserved for the highest nobility . Perhaps because of the presumed distaste of heraldry experts, the insignia was not approved until September 20, 1596, and fell out of use quite quickly. Portal Buenos Aires Category Buenos Aires Argentina stub de Wappen von Buenos Aires es Escudo de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires pt Bras o da cidade de Buenos Aires uk ... more details
by misalliance than by illegitimacy. Indeed, the Letters patent patents of nobility of many Spanish families contained bequeathals to illegitimate branches in case no legitimate heir s were found. Illegitimacy ... more details
s have been considered legitimate children. Analogously, illegitimacy is the status of a child born ... as the 1960s and in certain social strata even up to today, illegitimacy has carried social stigma ... s birth. Annulment of a marriage does not impose the status of illegitimacy upon children born to a couple ... the father is not. Illegitimacy has affected not only the illegitimate individuals themselves ..., for good or ill, by a desire to overcome the social stigma and disadvantage that attached to illegitimacy ... his illegitimacy The effect on T.E. Lawrence of this discovery was profound it added to the romantic ... which... derives, at least in part, from his illegitimacy. Lawrence s capacity for invention ... his illegitimacy. He was not limited to established or legitimate solutions or ways of doing things ... s illegitimacy had important social consequences and placed limitations upon him, which rankled ... ref Generally speaking, in the United States, illegitimacy has been supplanted by the phrase born out of wedlock. A contribution to the decline of the concept of illegitimacy had been made by increased ... daughters. Illegitimacy has for centuries provided a motif and plot element to Illegitimacy ... girlfriend. Current trends Despite the decreasing legal relevance of illegitimacy, an important exception ... Life Edna Gladney Illegitimacy in fiction Legitimacy law in England and Wales Marks of distinction ... and Company , 1955. Shirley Foster Hartley, Illegitimacy , University of California Press, 1975. Alysa Levene, Thomas Nutt & Samantha Williams, eds. http books.google.com books?id Q6VpQgAACAAJ Illegitimacy ... Teichman . http books.google.com books?id GFgQAQAAMAAJ Illegitimacy an examination of bastardy ... more details
Refimprove biography date May 2007 Marie Marguerite de Valois 1436 1473 was the Illegitimacy natural daughter of Charles VII of France King Charles VII of France and his Mistress lover mistress Agn s Sorel . She had two sisters, Charlotte de Valois 1434 1477 and Jeanne de Valois born 1439 . Marie married Olivier de Co tivy , Count of Taillebourg. Her older sister Charlotte married Jacques de Br z , Count of Maulevrier, and mothered Louis de Br z , seigneur d Anet , husband of Diane de Poitiers . Allegedly Charlotte was killed by her husband for having committed adultery. ref http www.heraldica.org topics france roygenea.htm bastards The French Royal Family A Genealogy ref Jeanne married Antoine de Bueil, Count of Sancerre. Notes reflist See also Members of the French Royal Families Persondata name Valois, Marie De alternative names short description date of birth 1436 place of birth date of death 1473 place of death DEFAULTSORT Valois, Marie De Category House of Valois Category 1436 births Category 1473 deaths France noble stub Europe royal stub fr Marie de Valois ... more details
Ivan Petrovich Pnin lang ru 1773 1805 was a Russia n poet and politics political writer. ref http links.jstor.org sici?sici 0037 6779 197509 34 3A3 3C539 3ATTATMI 3E2.0.CO 3B2 Q Samuel C. Ramer, The Traditional and the Modern in the Writings of Ivan Pnin, Slavic Review , vol. 34, no. 3 Sept. 1975 , pp. 539 59. ref In accordance with Russian Illegitimacy custom, Pnin s surname was the abbreviation of that of his father, Prince Nicholas Repnin . Born out of wedlock, he famously deplored the status of illegitimate children in his 1802 petition to Alexander I of Russia . Pnin s father was rumored to have also illegitimately fathered Poland s Prince Adam Jerzy Czartoryski . Pnin s liberal Essay on the Russian Enlightenment Enlightenment in Russia 1804 attacked serfdom and therefore was banned in the Russian Empire . The titles of Pnin s best known poems, Man 1804 and God 1805 , mirror Derzhavin s on purpose, as he sought to refute the great poet s idealism by taking up the Deist stance of Radishchev , Constantin Fran ois de Chasseb uf, Comte de Volney Volney , and d Holbach . References reflist Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Pnin ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1773 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 1805 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Pnin Category Russian poets Category 1773 births Category 1805 deaths russia poet stub de Iwan Petrowitsch Pnin ru , ... more details
Elizabeth 1980 is a Venezuela Venezuelan telenovela that was produced by and seen on Venezuela s RCTV Radio Caracas Televisi n . This telenovela was written by Pilar Romero and Clemente de la Cerda was its director. This telenovela lasted 67 episodes and was distributed internationally by Coral Pictures Coral International . Synopsis An adopted is reared by foster parents and grows up in a normal environment until her adolescence. Suddenly, a tragedy strikes. An unusual and possibly fatal disease forces the reunion with her biological parents and the sebsequent revelation of her original illegitimacy. This highly traumatic experience affects intimately all the parties involved. The foster parents as well as the biological parents become involved in a taunt drama of rivalry and mixed emotions that culminate in a highly dramatic conclusion. Besides the gripping human drama displayed in this series, there is also an implicit message throughout, about the social decay of many traditional values of today s society. Cast Caridad Canel n as Elizabeth Orlando Urdaneta as David Grecia Colmenares as Lourdes Carmen Julia Alvarez as Graciela Hilda Vera as Jimena Javier Vidal as Jos Antonio Yanis Chimaras as An bal Laura Brey as Melania See also List of famous telenovelas External links http www.imdb.com title tt0397780 Elizabeth at the Internet Movie Database Category 1980 telenovelas Category RCTV telenovelas Category Venezuelan telenovelas Category 1980 television series debuts Category 1980 television series endings ... more details
Portal Christianity James Hamilton died 1580 was a Scotland Scottish churchman who served as Bishop of Argyll and Sub Dean Christianity Dean of Glasgow Cathedral Glasgow . He was the illegitimate son of James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Arran . His natural brothers were James Hamilton, Duke of Ch tellerault and John Hamilton archbishop John Hamilton, Archbishop of St Andrews . His first ecclesiastical posts were as Reader liturgy reader of Petty, Inverness , then rector of Spott, East Lothian . He was nominated Archbishop of Glasgow by the Mary, Queen of Scots crown s representative on 31 July 1547, but was rejected by the Pope Paul III papacy in the summer of 1548 on the grounds of illegitimacy . Five years later, he receives a dispensation for his illegitimacy and appointed Bishop of Argyll on 14 July 1553, although it is not certain whether he was ever Consecration consecrated to the Episcopal polity Episcopate . He also held, in commendam , the Sub Deanery of Glasgow. He became a protestant and sat as Bishop of Argyll in the Scottish Reformation Parliament which ratified the Scots Confession Confession of Faith in August 1560. He married Janet Murray died before 1 October 1572 and they had three sons, William, Gavin and Paul. He died at Monkland on 6 January 1580 Old Style and New Style dates n.s. 1579 Old Style and New Style dates o.s. . References cite book last Dowden first John authorlink John Dowden editor1 last Thomson editor1 first J. Maitland title The Bishops of Scotland url http www.archive.org details bishopsofscotlan00dowduoft year 1912 publisher James Maclehose and Son location Glasgow page 391 cite book last Keith first Robert authorlink Robert Keith historian title An Historical Catalogue of the Scottish Bishops Down To The Year 1688 url http www.archive.org details historicalcatalo00keit year 1824 publisher Printed for Bell and Bradfute location Edinburgh pages 289 290 cite book last Scott first Hew title Fasti Ecclesiae Scoticanae url http www.archive ... more details
Moral statistics most narrowly refers to numerical data generally considered to be indicative of social pathology in groups of people. Examples include statistics on crime statistics crimes against persons and property , illiteracy, suicide , illegitimacy, abortion, divorce, prostitution, and the economic situation sometimes called pauperism in the 19th century. The gathering of anything that might be called social statistics is often dated from John Graunt s 1662 ref Graunt, J. 1662 Natural and Political Observations on the Bills of Mortality. , London John Martyn and James Allestry. ref analysis of the London Bills of Mortality , which tabulated birth and death data collected by London parishes. The beginnings of the systematic collection of population statistics now called demography occurred in the mid 18th century, often attributed to Johann Peter S ssmilch in 1741 . Data on moral variables began to be collected and disseminated by various state agencies most notably in France and Britain in the early 19th century, and were widely used in debates about social reform. The first major work on this topic was the Essay on moral statistics of France by Andr Michel Guerry in 1833 . ref Guerry, A. M. 1833 Essai sur la statistique morale de la France . Crochard, Paris. ref In this book, Guerry presented thematic map s of the departments of France, shaded according to illiteracy, crimes against persons and against property, illegitimacy, donations to the poor and so forth, and used these to ask questions about how such moral variables were related. In Britain this theme was taken up beginning in 1847 by s Fletcher, Joseph 1813 1852 DNB00 Joseph Fletcher who published several articles on the topic Moral and educational statistics of England and Wales. ref Fletcher, J. 1847 . Moral and educational statistics of England and Wales. Journal of the Statistical Society of London , 10, 193 221. jstor 2338048 ref ref Fletcher, J. 1849 . Moral and educational statistics of Engla ... more details
one source date November 2011 Refimprove date September 2007 Political corruption sidebar A slush fund , colloquially, is an auxiliary monetary account or a reserve fund. However, in the context of Political corruption corrupt dealings, such as those by governments or large corporations, a slush fund can have particular connotations of illegality, illegitimacy, or secrecy in regard to the use of this money and the means by which the funds were acquired. Political dealings with slush funds tend to create suspicions of quid pro quo buying political favors , and can be viewed on the surface as corrupt and Subversion political subversive of the democratic process . For example, Richard Nixon s Checkers speech of 1952 was a successful effort to dispel a scandal concerning a rumored slush fund of campaign contribution s. The term slush fund is used in accounting to describe a general ledger account in which all manner of transactions can be posted to commingled funds and loose monies by debit s and Credit finance credit s cancelling each other out. Etymology The term slush fund was originally a Glossary of nautical terms nautical term the slush was the fat or Yellow grease grease that was obtained by boiling Salt cured meat salted meat . The sale of the fat could then be used to provide the crew with special luxuries. The money obtained from this sale was placed into the slush fund. ref Adkins R Nelson s Trafalgar, The Battle That Changed the World. , page 37. Viking Penguin, 2005 ref References references External links Category Corruption Category Financial crimes Category Funds de Reptilienfonds fr Caisse noire ja pt Caixa dois vi Qu en ... more details
distinguish Vita Sackville West Victoria Josefa Dolores Catalina Sackville West, Baroness Sackville 1862&ndash 1936 was the cousin marriage wife of her cousin Lionel Edward Sackville West, 3rd Baron Sackville and the mother of writer and gardener Vita Sackville West . The family lived mainly at Knole House , an estate that had been theirs for centuries. Victoria embodied this heritage. Early life, daughter s notoriety She was the illegitimacy illegitimate daughter of the English diplomat Lionel Sackville West, 2nd Baron Sackville and the Spanish dancer Josefa de la Oliva n e Dur n y Ortega, known as Pepita . Her life is mostly overshadowed by the high profile and controversial bisexual life of her daughter, Vita Sackville West , who had an open marriage with diplomat Harold Nicolson and affairs with Violet Trefusis and Virginia Woolf . Houses She had Edwin Lutyens design a house for her at Roedean, Sussex Roedean , another for her guests at Worthing , and yet another in London . Edwin Lutyens had two ladies , Gertrude Jekyll and Victoria, who were each closer than friends . ref http www.wargrave.net history feb05.html Wargrave Local History Society February 2005 bot generated title at www.wargrave.net ref Notes reflist External links http www.american presidents.org 2007 05 chester arthur and victoria sackville.html Chester Arthur and Victoria Sackville Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Sackville, Victoria Sackville West, Baroness ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1862 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 1936 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Sackville, Victoria Sackville West, Baroness Category Daughters of barons Category English people of Spanish descent Category 1862 births Category 1936 deaths Category West family Victoria Sackville West, Baroness Sackville Category Sackville family Victoria UK baron stub ... more details
Edward Fairfax 1580? &ndash 27 January 1635 was a translator, the Illegitimacy natural son of Sir Thomas Fairfax the elder, of Denton in Yorkshire, and thus a half brother of Thomas Fairfax, 1st Lord Fairfax of Cameron Sir Thomas Fairfax . Fairfax lived at New Hall, Fewston ref name wg The History and Topology of Harragate and Knaresbourough Forest by William Grainge ref , near Harrogate , Yorkshire , England in peace and prosperity. His translation of Torquato Tasso Tasso s Jerusalem Delivered , for which he is best known, is considered a masterpiece, one of the comparatively few translations which in themselves are literature. It was highly praised by John Dryden Dryden and Waller. The first edition appeared in 1600, and was dedicated to Queen Elizabeth I of England . Fairfax also wrote a treatise on demonology , in which he was a devout believer. Edward s daughters Elizabeth and Anne were baptised in Fewston village church in 1606 and 1621 respectively. ref name wg References reflist External links cite DNB wstitle Fairfax, Edward gutenberg author id Edward Fairfax name Edward Fairfax Attribution A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Fairfax, Edward ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 1635 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Fairfax, Edward Category 1580s births Category 1635 deaths Category English translators Category Fairfax family Category Italian English translators Category People from Harrogate district Category People of the Tudor period Category People of the Stuart period Category 16th century English people Category 17th century English people Category 17th century writers Category 17th century translators England nonfiction writer stub fr Edward Fairfax ... more details
About the Finnish book the 1972 3 ITC Entertainment ITC television series The Adventurer series Unreferenced date December 2009 The Adventurer UK title Michael The Finn original title Mikael Karvajalka is a novel by Finnish author Mika Waltari , published in 1948. It is a fiction al tale of young Finnish people Finnish man, Mikael Karvajalka Hairy foot , set in 16th century medieval Europe . The main character Mikael is shown as an intellectual but rather naive person, starting his life as an orphan Illegitimacy bastard who pursues a better social status with help of friendly people and by means of theological studies, but ends up drifting along through historical events across Europe rather than being able to steer his life himself. Plot summary The book begins in the city of Turku and follows Mikael along an adventure novel adventure throughout Europe and the Mediterranean. The book depicts many actual historical events with a rich style, although Mikael s involvement in the events is fictitious. The historical events and millieus featured in the book include Denmark s conquest of Sweden, Stockholm bloodbath and eventually the downfall of king Christian II of Denmark . Student life at the Sorbonne in Paris at this time. Protestant reformation and related German Peasants War peasants war in Germany, Martin Luther Luther and Thomas Muentzer M ntzer themselves appearing as side characters. Spanish Empire Spanish monarch sending conquistador s to New World , Mikael almost made to join Pizarro Pizarro s expedition. A Witch hunt conducted by the Inquisition in a small German town, claiming the life of an innocent girl. Wars in 16th century Europe and expansion of Ottoman empire . Sack of Rome 1527 Plundering of Rome Sack of Rome during reign of Pope Clement VII The story is continued in The Wanderer Waltari The Wanderer , where the protagonist explores the Ottoman empire . DEFAULTSORT Adventurer, The Category 1948 novels Category Picaresque novels Category Novels by Mik ... more details
Unreferenced auto yes date December 2009 Pyotr Petrovich Troubetzkoy , 1822 1892 was a Russia n diplomat , administrator and general . Troubetzkoy was born in Tulchyn Tulcin in 1822 . His first wife was Varvara Yourievna Troubetzkoy . In 1844 he was appointed governor of Smolensk , and Oryol Orel . In 1865 he went to Florence Italy on a diplomatic mission which included the Supervisor supervision of the Russian Orthodox Church Russian church there. In Florence he met Ada Winans , an United States American lyric singer , and with her moved to Ghiffa on Lake Maggiore . Troubetzkoy divorce d Varvara in 1870 . He could then recognize his three sons born from Ada Pierre Troubetzkoy Pierre , Paolo Troubetzkoy Paul and Ludwig Troubetzkoy Luigi . Keen on botany , Piotr found in Ghiffa the best place to develop an important botanic garden and build his residential Villa . In 1884 , owing to the financial disaster of the Panama canal construction he was forced to sell the villa in Ghiffa and, separated from Ada, he retired with Marianna Hahn first in Milano where was born their illegitimacy natural son Pietro Troubetzkoy Hahn Pietro 1886 , and finally to Menton France where he died in 1892 . See also Troubetzkoy Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Troubetzkoy, Peter ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 1892 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Troubetzkoy, Peter Category Trubetskoy family Peter Troubetzkoy Category 1892 deaths Russia politician stub ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Cleanup date November 2007 The Psylli were an ancient North African tribe or ethnic group. ref name 1911enc cite web url http www.1911encyclopedia.org Serpent worship work 1911 Encyclop dia Britannica title Serpent worship date 1911 ref Historical accounts Of the Psylli Herodotus described a tribe that met with extinction after the desert wind dried up their water holes. IV.173 they marched out to do battle with it and were buried alive citation needed date February 2010 Pliny the Elder said that they were almost exterminated in a war with their neighbours, the Nasamones , but the descendants of those who escaped survive today in a few places VII.2.14 . citation needed date February 2010 Strabo does not mention an unsuccessful war against either the desert wind or the Nasamones but only that the Psylli were still in existence, occupying a barren and arid region XVII.3.23 citation needed date February 2010 below the Nasamones. Later writers, especially poets, bestowed on the Psylli a reputation as great snake charmers . citation needed date February 2010 In his Roman History , Cassius Dio makes reference to the Psylli as being sought out by Octavian to draw out the snake venom with which Cleopatra had poisoned herself LI.14 . citation needed date February 2010 According to Dio, the Psylli were completely immune to snake bites and were all male. citation needed date February 2010 Customs It is claimed that the Psylli employed tests by animals in order to find out if their offspring was genuine and at the same time if their wives were faithful. Infant Psylli were subjected to snake bite s. If the infant died of the snakebite, illegitimacy was supposed to be implied. ref name 1911enc References references Further reading cite journal author Richard L. Smith title What Happened to the Ancient Libyans? journal Journal of World History volume 14.4 date December 2003 pages 459 500 Category Ethnic groups in Libya Category Ancient Libya Category Trib ... more details
Nikolaes Heinsius the Younger 1656, The Hague buried January 12, 1718, Culemborg was a Dutch republic Dutch physician and writer . Heinsius was an illegitimacy illegitimate son of Nikolaes Heinsius the Elder and his long term Swedish born partner, Margaretha Wullen. With little help of his father, he became a medical doctor at the age of 20, but had to flee the country in 1677 after he and several drunk friends had committed manslaughter in the streets of The Hague . Traveling as a physician through France, Italy and Germany, he arrived in Rome in 1679, where he became personal physician of Christina of Sweden until about 1687. Later he became personal physician of the elector of Brandenburg in Kleve . In 1695 he returned to the Netherlands, settling in Culemborg, at the time a free city and exempt from the Dutch ban imposed on him. That same year he published The Delightful Adventures and Wonderful Life of Mirandor , which contained much autobiographical material and was one of the first romance novel s in Dutch literature . It was reprinted 10 times until 1756 alone, and was translated in German, English, French and Italian. He further wrote five works on medicine, which were published in Kleve Cleves , and one other novel, Don Clarazel de Contarnos 1697 . An official request in 1707 to the States General of the Netherlands to lift his ban apparently was refused. Sources http www.schrijversinfo.nl heinsiusjrnicolaas.html Nicolaas Heinsius Jr. at www.schrijversinfo.nl Dutch 1911 Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Heinsius, Nikolaes ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1656 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH January 12, 1718 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Heinsius, Nikolaes Category 1656 births Category 1718 deaths Category 17th century Dutch physicians Category Dutch novelists Category People from The Hague Netherlands writer stub de Nikolaes Heinsius der J ngere es Nikolaas Heinsius el Joven it Nikolaes Heinsius nl Nicolaes Heinsius sv Nikolaes ... more details
Update date December 2011 Conservative Friends of Gibraltar is a lobby group within the Conservative Party UK Conservative Party opposed to any joint sovereignty of Gibraltar with Spain . Objectives The central objective of C.F.G. is, as its Founding Declaration states To promote and defend the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar within the Conservative Party, the United Kingdom, the Commonwealth, and beyond. Related objectives of C.F.G. include For Gibraltar to remain British in its entirety and in perpetuity. To oppose any negotiations or agreements about the future of Gibraltar that are contrary to the wishes of the Gibraltarian people. To expose the illegitimacy of Spain s claim to Gibraltar. To promote a settled constitutional status for Gibraltar. CFG shall work to promote these objectives first and foremost within the Conservative Party, seeking through reasoned argument and debate to have them made official Party policy. CFG shall also, though, work to promote these objectives to a wider audience wherever possible. Committee Honorary officers President unknown Deputy President Sir Nicholas Winterton Vice President Eleanor Laing M.P. Vice President Tim Loughton M.P. Vice President Murdo Fraser M.S.P. Elected officers Chairman Andrew Rosindell M.P. Deputy Chairman Jamie White Deputy Chairman Holly Farrow Deputy Chairman and Treasurer Alex Stafford Executive Secretary Stephen Coleman Parliamentary Monitor Sean O Shea Press and Publicity Officer Anita Vukomanovic External links http www.cfgib.com Conservative Friends of Gibraltar Dead link date December 2011 UK Conservative Party Category Politics of Gibraltar Category Organisations associated with the Conservative Party UK ... more details
TOC right Britain s Real Monarch was a historical documentary presented by Tony Robinson first shown on Channel 4 on 3 January 2004. ref cite web url http www.channel4.com history microsites H history i m monarch.html title BBC Verify source date August 2011 Channel 4 website devoted to Britain s Real Monarch ref It has also been broadcast in America and Australia. The documentary discusses the descendants of George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence and their claim to the throne of Kingdom of England England . The programme based its thesis on the centuries old claim that Edward IV of England Edward IV was illegitimate, born to Cecily Neville by an English archer while her husband, Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York Richard, Duke of York was fighting elsewhere in France . The legitimacy of Edward IV was the subject of speculation at the time, and a document in Rouen Cathedral is presented by Dr. Michael Jones as indicating that Richard, Duke of York, and Cecily Neville were a hundred miles apart during the five week period when Edward s conception must have occurred. This theorised illegitimacy of Edward would bar a rightful claim for himself and his descendants. This would have the effect of making the heirs of Richard and Cecily s son, George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence George, Duke of Clarence , the real monarchs. Such a line would currently be represented by Michael Abney Hastings, 14th Earl of Loudoun born 1942 , who emigrated to Australia in 1960, married, fathered five children, and currently lives in Jerilderie , New South Wales . Abney Hastings is a committed Republicanism in Australia Australian republican . See also For the line described in the show, see Alternative successions of the English crown . Sources References Reflist External links http www.channel4.com history microsites H history i m monarchtree.html Family tree showing the descent from George, Duke of Clarence http web.raex.com obsidian Britpret.html Regnal Chronology Pretenders British ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
