italic title In vitro lang la within glass refers to studies in Biology Research experimental biology ... organism. Common examples of in vitro experiments include a cells derived from multicellular organisms ... of in vitro studies Living organisms are extremely complex functional systems that are made up of, at a minimum ... functions. The primary advantage of in vitro work is that it permits an enormous level of simplification ... use of in vitro work to isolate the proteins, identify the cells and genes that produce them, study ... ref Disadvantages of in vitro studies The primary disadvantage of in vitro experimental studies is that it can sometimes be very challenging to extrapolate from the results of in vitro work back to the biology of the intact organism. Investigators doing in vitro work must be careful to avoid ... to prevent viral replication in an in vitro setting typically cell culture . However, before this drug ..., many candidate drugs that are effective in vitro prove to be ineffective in vivo because ... parts of the organism that were not represented in the initial in vitro studies. ref cite journal ... url ref Examples of in vitro work Polymerase chain reaction is a method for selective ... cells or tissues. In vitro fertilization is used to allow spermatozoa to fertilize eggs in a culture ... mother. In vitro diagnostics refers to a wide range of medical and veterinary laboratory tests that are used ... Ex vivo In situ In utero In vivo In silico In papyro In natura In vitro fertilization In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology Animal In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology Plant Slice preparation Medical research studies DEFAULTSORT In Vitro Category Latin biological phrases ar ca In vitro cs In vitro da In vitro de In vitro et In vitro el In vitro es In vitro fa fr In vitro ko id In vitro it In vitro he hu In vitro nl In vitro ja In vitro no In vitro pl In vitro pt In vitro ro In vitro ru In vitro sk In vitro sl In vitro sr In vitro fi In vitro sv In vitro ... more details
Unreferenced date October 2009 For in vitro experiments, see In vitro , for in vitro fertilization, see In vitro fertilization In Vitroes are a fictional genetic engineering genetically engineered subspecies of human s in the science fiction television series Space Above and Beyond . The name is etymology etymologically derived from the Latin phrase in vitro , which is used in science to refer to state of being in an artificial environment outside the living organism. Thus, In Vitro refers to the race not only being conceived in a laboratory, but also artificially gestation gestated in glass and metal cylinders, to be born as young adults. Origin The In Vitroes were first farmed by the In Vitro Authority to fill the labor force gap after the population of Earth was decimated by a infertility sterility causing pandemic plague . Engineered with the best the genome has to offer, without the randomness of natural selection , In Vitroes are conceived from parents that never actually lived as two human beings. They were composites of DNA from many sources thrown together in a petri dish to optimize the chances of getting the best traits possible. The race is a step up from cloning in that no two In Vitroes are alike however they can share DNA with another In Vitro created from the same batch of constructed chromosome s, which would make two such individuals siblings. Genetically designed to be stronger, faster and less prone to illness, the In Vitroes were supposed to help bring the decaying human race back to its feet. They were created to be a servant caste , occupying jobs that were too dangerous, demeaning or strenuous for Natural Born humans. After they are born they serve a five year period of indentured servitude to reimburse society for expenses associated with their creation ... a multitude of In Vitro facilities around the world, facilities where these soldiers could be grown ..., the majority of the In Vitroes refused to fight. Out of guilt and dissatisfaction, the In Vitro platoons ... more details
unreferenced date February 2012 About the former defense contractor the current glass manufacturer Vitro SA Vitro Corporation was a major United States defense contractor which became part of BAE Systems Inc. in 1999. History Vitro was incorporated in 1950 as the Vitro Manufacturing Company . Its main product was slide transparencies for overhead projectors. For some time prior to incorporation, the founders had produced tinted lighting gels for the theater and stage industry, and were known for their leadership in the production of gels used to replicate the lighting characteristics of the outdoors on a sunny day. These gels had this quality because of the admixture of salts of uranium , which are bright yellow. This business had positioned Vitro as a ready source of uranium during US military and scientific research efforts into nuclear energy during the World War II Second World War . It seems ... entities led to later contracting and development business arrangements. In 1953 Vitro acquired the Kellex ... reorganised as the Vitro Corp. of America. One of Vitro s earliest customers was the United States Navy , a relationship which continued into the 1990s. In 1968 Vitro was acquired by Automation Industries Automation Industries Inc and renamed Vitro Engineering Corp. In 1978 Automation Industries and its Vitro subsidiary were acquired by General Cable Corp, which renamed the new company GK Technologies. In 1981 GK Technologies including Vitro was acquired by the Penn Central Penn Central Corporation ... had begun to focus on financial services and in 1992 announced it was divesting Vitro. In 1993 Tracor completed its purchased of Vitro for 94 million. The Vitro acquisition almost doubled the size of Tracor. Vitro merged with Tracor Applied Sciences to form Tracor Systems Technologies, Tracor s largest ... Aerospace to form BAE Systems . References http www.fundinguniverse.com company histories Vitro Corp Company History.html Vitro Corp. Company History Category Defense companies of the United States ... more details
In vitro diagnostic IVD tests are medical device s intended to perform diagnoses from assays in a test tube , or more generally in a controlled environment outside a living organism. In vitro means in glass in Latin. Definition A in vitro diagnostic medical device is, according to the directive 98 79 EC Quote in vitro diagnostic medical device means any medical device which is a reagent, reagent product, calibrator, control material, kit, instrument, apparatus, equipment, or system, whether used alone or in combination, intended by the manufacturer to be used in vitro for the examination of specimens, including blood and tissue donations, derived from the human body, solely or principally for the purpose of providing information concerning a physiological or pathological state,or concerning a congenital abnormality, or to determine the safety and compatibility withpotential recipients, or to monitor therapeutic measures. Specimen receptacles are considered to be in vitro diagnostic medical devices. Specimen receptacles are those devices, whether vacuum type or not, specifically intended by their manufacturers for the primary containment and preservation of specimens derived from the human body for the purpose of in vitro diagnostic examination. Products for general laboratory use are not in vitro diagnostic medical devices unless such products, in view of their characteristics, are specifically intended by their manufacturer to be used for in vitro diagnostic examination ref http eur lex.europa.eu LexUriServ LexUriServ.do?uri OJ L 1998 331 0001 0037 EN PDF Directive 98 79 CE on in vitro diagnostic medical devices ref Official Journal of the European Communities L331 1 de 7 ... or by patients themselves. ref British In Vitro Diagnostics Association ref References references ... Medical technology ca Producte sanitari per a diagn stic in vitro de In vitro Diagnostikum es Producto sanitario para diagn stico in vitro fr Diagnostic in vitro ru in vitro ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE In vitro toxicology In vitro toxicology testing toxicity testing is the scientific Scientific method analysis of the effects of toxic chemical substance s on cultured bacteria or mammalian cell biology cells . In vitro literally in glass testing methods are employed primarily to identify potentially hazardous chemicals and or to confirm the lack of certain toxic properties in the early stages of the development of potentially useful new substances such as therapeutic Medication drugs , agricultural chemicals and food additives. In vitro assays for xenobiotic toxicity are recently carefully considered by key government agencies e.g. EPA NIEHS NTP FDA , to better assess human risks. There are substantial activities in using in vitro systems to advance mechanistic understanding of toxicant activities, and the use of human cells and tissue to define human specific toxic effects. ref Cite web title Tox21 publisher Source U.S. Environmental Protection Agency url http www.epa.gov ncct Tox21 accessdate 2011 10 29 ref Improvement over animal testing Most toxicologists believe that in vitro toxicity testing methods can be more useful, more time and cost effective than toxicology .... In many cases the in vitro tests are better than animal tests because they can be used to develop ... assays used for In vitro toxicology Many methods of analysis exist for assaying test substances for cytotoxicity ... 2 yl 5 3 carboxymethoxyphenyl 2 4 sulfophenyl 2Htetrazolium in vitro assay is an updated ... to Animal Testing CAAT http www.mattek.com pages in vitro toxicology 3 D, Human Cell Derived TISSUES for Tox. Testing MatTek Corp. http www.toxicology.org ISOT SS ivss In Vitro and Alternative Methods Specialty Section http www.3t3nru.com In Vitro Phototoxicity Testing http www.invitroadmet.com ... Assays for toxicity http www.mbresearch.com invitro.htm Informational source on types of in vitro assays Toxicology DEFAULTSORT In Vitro Toxicology Category Toxicology ... more details
Infobox musical artist name Roseanna Vitro image alt Roseanna Vitro caption image size background solo singer birth name alias birth date Birth date and age 1951 02 28 birth place death date death place origin instrument genre occupation years active 1985 Present label Mot ma Music br Half Note Records br Challenge Records 1994 Challenge Records br Telarc br Concord Records br SeaBreeze Jazz br Chase Music Group associated acts website http www.roseannavitro.com notable instruments Roseanna Vitro is a jazz singer and educator. Biography Born Roseanna Elizabeth Vitro ref name Grove Scott Fredrickson and Gary W. Kennedy. Vitro Wickliffe , Roseanna. In The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz, 2nd ed., edited by Barry Kernfeld. Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online, http www.oxfordmusiconline.com.ezproxy.bu.edu subscriber article grove music J717900 accessed February 15, 2011 . ref in Hot Springs, Arkansas on February 28, 1951, Vitro began singing at an early age, drawing inspiration from various ... theatre , and classical music . ref name Popular Vitro, Roseanna. In Encyclopedia of Popular Music ... Roseanna Vitro interprets Randy Newman s songbook ref She was exposed to jazz and it became her genre ... with tenor great, Arnett Cobb. ref name Downbeat M. G. Nastos, Riffs Vitro Makes Major Label Debut, Downbeat Magazine , February, 1994. ref Vitro worked for two years in Houston s Green Room with her ... have appeared on her recordings. ref name Popular Vitro is an active performer, touring throughout ... acclaimed performer and recording artist, Vitro is a teacher and clinician. She has taught Vocal ..., Portuguese language, piano, and jazz technique and concept. ref name Popular Vitro has never ... Gilbert . Roseanna Vitro Interprets Randy Newman s Songbook. Berkeleyside . September 15, 2011. http ... , 1996 Catchin Some Rays The Music Of Ray Charles Telarc , 1997 The Time Of My Life Roseanna Vitro ... Persondata . NAME Vitro, Roseanna ALTERNATIVE NAMES Roseanna Elizabeth Wickliffe SHORT DESCRIPTION ... more details
In vitro maturation IVM is the technique of letting ovarian follicle s mature in vitro . Techniques available The ability of in IVM depends on how mature the follicle already is. There are several stages in folliculogenesis , starting with a primordial follicle, which then becomes a primary, secondary, early tertiary antral , late tertiary and eventually a preovulatory follicle. If a follicle has reached the early tertiary or antral stage, IVM can be carried out. A few live births have already been made ref name ncbi http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov entrez query.fcgi?cmd Retrieve&db PubMed&list uids 11255547&dopt Citation NCBI In vitro maturation of oocytes. Hardy K, Wright CS, Franks S, Winston RM ref by taking small early tertiary follicles, letting them mature in vitro and subsequently fertilizing them. However, for follicles that haven t reached the early tertiary stage, IVM is still under development. There are a lot of cellular changes in the oocyte and the rest of the cells in the follicle, which makes it very susceptible. Nevertheless, it is possible to let a primordial follicle mature to a secondary follicle outside the body by growing it in a slice of ovarian tissue. ref name ncbi The subsequent maturity from secondary to early tertiary stage can then be supported in test tubes. ref name ncbi IVM can be expanded with hCG priming , which is exposing the ovarian tissue to human chorionic gonadotropin hCG . This results in an expanding or dispersed pattern of the cumulus oophorus around the egg cell, facilitating its identification within follicular fluid. ref name Son2010 cite doi 10.1093 humupd dmq014 ref However, the evidence of a clinical effect of hCG priming is still lacking. ref name Son2010 IVM can also be expanded with intracytoplasmic sperm injection ICSI , which should be performed at least 1 h after the first polar body extrusion. ref name Son2010 Applications ... In Vitro Maturation Category In vitro fertilisation Human repro stub ... more details
puffery date November 2011 weasel date November 2011 DISPLAYTITLE In vitro meat In vitro meat , also ... meat and vitro meat. This form of meat has been described, sometimes derisively, as laboratory grown meat. In vitro meat should not be confused with Meat analogue imitation meat , which is a Vegetarian ... on in vitro meat was intended for use on long outer space space voyages or stays ref Cite web last ... grown vegetable s. Dubious date May 2010 Several current research projects are growing in vitro ... web title In vitro meat work YouTube accessdate 2012 04 04 date 2012 02 23 url https www.youtube.com watch?v gBashCiVlCo ref A long term goal for in vitro meat laboratories would be to grow fully ... Pharma Concepts, 2008 ref Potentially, any animal s muscle tissue could be grown through the in vitro ... population , in vitro meat may be one of several new technologies needed to maintain food supplies ... of in vitro meat would become detached from the price of grain and corn as there would be no feeding ... date 2007 11 14 accessdate 2011 12 08 ref History Modern research into in vitro meat arose out ... cite web title Catachem, Inc Announces FDA Approval of UIBC In Vitro Diagnostic IVD Chemistry Reagent ... has been conducting experiments since 2001, producing in vitro meat from turkey bird turkey cells ... patent on a process to produce in vitro meat. ref Citation inventor last van Eelen inventor first ... FROM IN VITRO CELL CULTURES country code NL? or EU? Not sure this patent has been actually issued, nor ... of in vitro meat for years, since he was held in a Japanese Prisoner of war POW camp. Jon ... name npr.org The Dutch government has put US 4 million into experiments regarding in vitro meat. ref name australian The In Vitro Meat Consortium, a group formed by international researchers interested in the technology, held the first international conference on the production of in vitro meat, hosted ... commercial possibilities. ref name time Time Magazine declared in vitro meat production to be one ... more details
In vitro compartmentalization IVC is an emulsion based technology that generates cell like compartments in vitro . These compartments are designed such that each contains no more than one gene. When the gene is transcribed and or translated, its products RNAs and or proteins become trapped with the encoding gene inside the compartment. By coupling the genotype DNA and phenotype RNA, protein , compartmentalization allows the selection and evolution of phenotype. History In vitro compartmentalization ... and phenotype . Emulsions of cell like compartments were formed by adding in vitro Transcription ... Image In Vitro Compartmentalization.png thumb 250px Figure 1. In vitro compartmentalization selection ... in emulsions using in vitro compartmentalization. Trends Biotechnol, 2006. 24 12 p. 587 92. ref Some ... by in vitro compartmentalization. Nat Methods, 2006. 3 7 p. 561 70. ref The ratio of genes to droplets .... In Vitro transcription translation IVC has used bacterial cell, wheat germ and rabbit reticulocyte .... Holliger, A novel emulsion mixture for in vitro compartmentalization of transcription and translation ... display of biologically active proteins for in vitro protein selection. J Biochem, 2004. 135 3 p. 285 ... PCR amplification. ref Yonezawa, M., et al., DNA display for in vitro selection of diverse peptide libraries ... in vitro . Protein Eng Des Sel, 2004. 17 9 p. 699 707. ref Each expressed protein polypeptide will be in fusion ... A DNA based in vitro polypeptide display technology. Proteomics, 2004. 4 10 p. 3128 40. ref When ... DNA binding proteins using in vitro compartmentalization. J Mol Biol, 2005. 354 2 p. 212 9. ref By selecting ... acting ligase ribozymes by in vitro compartmentalization. Rna, 2005. 11 10 p. 1555 62. ref By selecting ... of DNA nucleases by in vitro compartmentalization IVC and nano droplet delivery. J Mol Biol, 2005. 345 5 p. 1015 26. ref Advantages Comparing to other in vitro display technologies, IVC has two ... Bacterial display Yeast display Ribosome display mRNA display References Reflist DEFAULTSORT In Vitro ... more details
unreferenced date October 2010 In vitro muscle testing is a method used to characterize properties of living muscle tissue after having removed the tissue from an organism. This allows more extensive and precise quantification of muscle properties than in vivo testing. In vitro muscle testing has provided the bulk of scientific knowledge on muscle structure and physiology, as well as how both relate to organismal performance. Equipment In vitro muscle testing typically requires a servomotor, which can both control and detect changes in force and length. One end of the sample tissue is anchored in place, while the other is attached to the motor, and the entire muscle is bathed in Ringer s solution with oxygen bubbling through in order to keep the tissue alive and metabolically active. Muscles are stimulated to contract by applying electrical current to either the nerve which innervates the muscle or the entire muscle, and the servomotor detects changes in force and or length due to muscle contraction . Stimulation level is often set to the level which ensures maximal motor unit recruitment. The servomotor can be programmed to maintain a given force while allowing the muscle to change length, vice versa, or the muscle may be subject to more complex testing, such as in Work Loop work loop s. When pennate muscles are used, sonomicrometry is often used to accurately determine fiber length during the test. Scale In vitro muscle testing can be done on any scale of muscle organization entire groups of muscle s provided they share a common insertion or origin, as in the human quadriceps , a single muscle, a bundle of muscle fiber s, a single muscle fiber, a single myofibril, a single ... trials, fusion frequency, and energetic cost. In situ A hybrid approach between in vitro and in vivo ..., and in vitro tests are performed with the muscle still attached to the organism. This ensures the muscle ... is more difficult and some tests may not be possible. Species In vitro muscle testing ... more details
italictitle Infobox Journal cover editor Denry Sato discipline Life Sciences & Cell Biology abbreviation In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. Anim. publisher Springer Science Business Media Springer country United States frequency 10 issues per year history Founded 1965 openaccess impact 0.791 impact year 2009 website http www.springer.com journal 11626 link1 link1 name link2 link2 name RSS atom JSTOR OCLC LCCN CODEN ISSN 1071 2690 eISSN In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology Animal is a scientific journal devoted to in vitro biology in animals. Its plant counterpart is In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology Plant . Subjects covered In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology Animal is a journal of the Society for In Vitro Biology and publishes articles reporting results of research in cell biology cellular , molecular , and developmental biology that employ or are relevant to organs , Tissue biology tissue , tumors , and cells in vitro . Topics covered include Biotechnology , Cell and Tissue Models, Cell Growth Differentiation Apoptosis , Cellular Pathology Virology , Cytokines Growth Factors Adhesion Factors, Signal Transduction, and Toxicology Chemical Carcinogenesis. Society for In Vitro Biology The Society for In Vitro Biology was founded in 1946 as the Tissue Culture Association to foster the exchange of knowledge of in vitro biology of cells, tissues, and organs from both plants and animals including humans . The focus is on biological research, development, and applications of significance to science and society. The mission is accomplished through the Society s publications, national and local conferences, meetings and workshops, and through the support of teaching initiatives in cooperation with educational institutions . External links http www.sivb.org Society for In Vitro Biology Category English language journals Category Publications established in 1965 Category Molecular and cellular biology journals Category Springer academic journals ... more details
Orphan date April 2012 Infobox journal cover File In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology Plant.jpg editor Dwight Tomes & Nigel Taylor discipline Life Sciences & Plant Sciences abbreviation publisher Springer Science Business Media Springer country United States frequency Bimonthly history 1965 present openaccess impact 0.853 impact year 2009 website http www.springer.com journal 11627 link1 link1 name link2 link2 name RSS atom JSTOR OCLC LCCN CODEN ISSN 1054 5476 eISSN In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology Plant is a scientific journal devoted to in vitro biology in plants. Its original research and reviews cover developments and research in plant cell and tissue culture and biotechnology from around the world. Its animal counterpart is In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology Animal . Societies In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology Plant is published on behalf of the Society for In Vitro Biology SIVB and in association with the International Association for Plant Biotechnology IAPB . Society for In Vitro Biology The Society for In Vitro Biology was founded in 1946 as the Tissue Culture Association to foster the exchange of knowledge of in vitro biology of cells, tissues, and organs from both plants and animals including humans . The focus is on biological research, development, and applications of significance to science and society. The mission is accomplished through the Society s publications, national and local conferences, meetings and workshops, and through the support of teaching initiatives in cooperation with educational institutions . International Association for Plant Biotechnology The International Association of Plant Biotechnology IAPB has nearly ... date January 2010 Subjects covered In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology Plant covers cellular, molecular, and developmental biology research using in vitro grown or maintained organs, tissues ... metabolism External links http www.sivb.org Society for In Vitro Biology http www.iapb stl.org ... more details
A skin equivalent is an in vitro skin model using to conduct experiments on processes involving the skin, such as wound healing and keratinocyte migration. It is a more complex form of the dermal equivalent ref Macrophages restrain contraction of an in vitro wound healing model http www.springerlink.com content g518380278431706 ref . References references Category Skin ... more details
in papyro referring to experiments or studies carried out only on paper. For example, the term may be applied to epidemiological studies that do not involve clinical subjects, such as meta analysis. The term is similar to phrases such as in vivo , in vitro , or in silico . Like the latter, in papyro the correct Latin is in pap r has no actual Latin meaning and was constructed as an analogue to the more popular and longstanding biological sciences terms vivo and vitro . In papyro is mutually exclusive from in vitro and in vivo , but overlaps with in silico that is, a study carried out through computer abstract simulations can also be considered in papyro . See also ex vivo in situ in utero in vitro in vivo in silico External links http www.cs.man.ac.uk hulld contact.html Category Scientific terminology Category Latin words and phrases ... more details
Antinori is an Italian surname . It may also refer to Severino Antinori , Italian gynecologist and embryologist with controversial positions over in vitro fertilisation and human cloning , Marchesi Antinori Srl , an Italian wine company. disambig ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date February 2009 Plaga polylactic co glycolic acid is a commonly used biomedical material for drug release in vitro . Category Excipients Pharma stub ... more details
Test tube baby may refer to A baby conceived through in vitro fertilization Other uses include The TV programme Brainiac s Test Tube Baby Test Tube Babies film , the 1948 film disambig ... more details
orphan date April 2010 An In vitro in vivo correlation IVIVC has been defined by the Food and Drug Administration FDA as a predictive mathematical model describing the relationship between an in vitro property of a dosage form and an in vivo response . Generally, the in vitro property is the rate or extent of drug dissolution or release while the in vivo response is the plasma drug concentration or amount of drug absorbed. The United States Pharmacopoeia USP also defines IVIVC as the establishment of a relationship between a biological property, or a parameter derived from a biological property produced from a dosage form, and a physicochemical property of the same dosage form . Typically, the parameter derived from the biological property is Area under the curve AUC or CMax Cmax , while the physicochemical property is the in vitro dissolution profile. The main role s of IVIVC are The first and main role of establishing IVIVC is to use dissolution test as a surrogate for human studies. Supports and or validates the use of dissolution chemistry dissolution methods and specifications. Assists in quality control during manufacturing and selecting appropriate formulations References The United States Pharmacopeia . 23rd ed. . 1995 . In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Dosage form 1088 . 1824 1929. Rockville, Maryland. Shargel, L., and Yu, A. B. C. 1993 . Applied Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics . East Norwalk, Connecticut Appleton & Lange. Polli, J.E., Rekhi, G.S., Augsburger. L.L., and Shah, V.P. 1997 Methods to compare dissolution profiles and a rationale for wide dissolution specifications for metoprolol tartrate tablets. J. Pharm. Sci. 86 690 700. Drewe, J., and Guitard, P. 1993 . In vitro in vivo correlation for modified release formulations . Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences . 82 2 , 132 137. Category Food and Drug Administration fa ... more details
dabconcept DNA synthesis commonly refers to DNA replication DNA biosynthesis in vivo DNA amplification Polymerase chain reaction enzymatic DNA synthesis in vitro DNA amplification Oligonucleotide synthesis chemical synthesis of nucleic acids Gene synthesis physically creating artificial gene sequences disamb ... more details
wiktionary IVF IVF or in vitro fertilization is an assisted reproductive technology that involves fertilisation of an egg outside of the human body. IVF may also refer to Integrated Vehicle Fluids Inter Varsity Fellowship or Universities and Colleges Christian Fellowship .ivf, the file extension for Indeo video files disambig de IVF pl IVF sv IVF ... more details
Success rate is the fraction or percentage of success among a number of attempts, and may refer to Opportunity success rate When success refers to attempts to induce pregnancy, then pregnancy rate is used Artificial insemination Success rates Artificial insemination success rates In vitro fertilisation Success rates IVF Success rates disambig ... more details
orphan date April 2009 2F5 antibody is a broadly neutralizing antibody able to block multiple strains of HIV virus , in in vitro experiments. ref http www.dukehealth.org HealthLibrary News duke scientists find rare potent antibody to hiv 1 ref See also HIV vaccine References reflist Category HIV AIDS immunology stub ca Antic s 2F5 ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Main Reproductive technology Artificial reproduction is the creation of new life by other than the natural means available to an organism . Examples include artificial insemination , in vitro fertilization , cloning and embryonic splitting, or cleavage embryo cleavage . Cutting plants stems and placing them in compost is also a form of artificial reproduction. See Also Male Pregnancy Artificial Uterus In Vitro Fertilization Fertilization Pregnancy DEFAULTSORT Artificial Reproduction Category Reproduction Biology stub ar zh ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 rBCG30 recombinant Bacillus Calmette Gu rin 30 is a prospective vaccine against tuberculosis created by a team headed by Marcus A. Horwitz at University of California, Los Angeles UCLA . It is a live vaccine, consisting of Bacillus Calmette Guerin BCG genetically modified to produce abundant amounts of a 30 Wiktionary kilodalton kDa antigen that has been shown to produce a strong immune response in animals and humans. The vaccine entered clinical trials in 2004, but has since been withdrawn because of poor Wiktionary in vivo in vivo and Wiktionary in vitro in vitro potency. DEFAULTSORT Rbcg30 Category Tuberculosis Category Vaccines vaccine stub ... more details
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