of economicfreedom Merge from Index of EconomicFreedom 2003 2006 discuss Talk Index of EconomicFreedom Merger proposal date July 2009 File 2012 World Map of the Index of Economic Freedom.PNG thumb 500px right alt The 2012 Heritage Foundation Index of EconomicFreedom. The Index of EconomicFreedom ... Journal . Its stated objective is to measure the degree of economicfreedom in the world s nations. The Heritage Foundation and the Wall Street Journal created the Index of EconomicFreedom in 1995. According ... publisher Index of EconomicFreedom date 15 January 2008 accessdate 4 February 2008 ref ref name freedom ... of EconomicFreedom date 15 January 2008 accessdate 4 February 2008 ref The authors of the 2009 Index ... 25 30 24 28 30 26 31 46 37 Method The Index s 2008 definition of economicfreedom is The highest form ... publisher Index of EconomicFreedom date 15 January 2008 accessdate 4 February 2008 ref The index ... to economicfreedom. ref name index The methodology has shifted and changed as new data and measurements ... Since the index was created in 1995, the score for world economicfreedom has increased, rising 2.6 ... DC1147215012008 1.htm title EconomicFreedom Holding Steady, 14th Index of EconomicFreedom ... 80 on the economicfreedom grading scale. ref name Exec11 cite web url http www.heritage.org index ... index showed an overall decline in global economicfreedom according to The Heritage Foundation, the average ... The Failings of the EconomicFreedomIndex work Ludwig von Mises Institute date 21 January 2005 accessdate ... think tank, however, an economicfreedomindex merely measures corporate and entrepreneurial freedom ... FreedomIndex.html Comparisons of Index of EconomicFreedom with GDP capita ... Reflist 2 External links http www.heritage.org index ranking.aspx Index of EconomicFreedom from the Heritage Foundation http www.mises.org story 1724 The Failings of the EconomicFreedomIndex by Stefan ... date March 2012 DEFAULTSORT Index Of EconomicFreedom Category Economic policy Category Heritage Foundation ... more details
merge to Index of EconomicFreedom discuss Talk Index of EconomicFreedom Merger proposal date July 2009 The Index of EconomicFreedom 2003 2006 rankings show the historical development of EconomicFreedom as gauged annually by the Heritage Foundation and the Wall Street Journal . ref cite web url http www.heritage.org research features index countries.cfm title Index of EconomicFreedom publisher The Heritage Foundation accessdate 2008 03 03 ref Current ratings are http www.heritage.org research features index countries.cfm available . Countries that shared the same rank received a tie score. For example, in 2006 Iceland and the United Kingdom tied for the rank of 5th most economically free country. Overall, 99 countries worldwide were freer in 2006 than they were the previous year and 51 are less free. Five countries remained in the same degree of freedom. The 10 most improved countries in 2006 were Pakistan, Romania, Kyrgyzstan, Suriname, Armenia, Turkmenistan, Georgia, Turkey, Tajikistan and Kazakhstan. The 10 countries which showed least improvement in 2006 were Iran, Italy, Guinea, Bolivia, United Arab Emirates, Oman, Sri Lanka, Equatorial Guinea, Egypt and Nicaragua. border 0 cellspacing 0 cellpadding 0 bgcolor CCCCFF colspan 3 align center style border 1px solid CCCCCC Yearly worldwide index of economicfreedom br published by The Wall Street Journal and the Heritage Foundation valign top border 0 cellspacing 1 cellpadding 2 style border 1px solid CCCCCC bgcolor 9999FF Rank rowspan 2 Country colspan 4 Index bgcolor 9999FF 2006 2006 2005 2004 2003 bgcolor 9AC3E6 style color 000000 align right 1 HKG bgcolor 9AC3E6 style color 000000 align right 1.28 bgcolor 9AC3E6 style ... solid CCCCCC bgcolor 9999FF Rank rowspan 2 Country colspan 4 Index bgcolor 9999FF 2006 2006 2005 2004 ... 5.00 bgcolor D79EA4 style color 000000 align right 5.00 Note Due to economic or political instability ... will be swiftly deleted. reflist 2 Politics country lists Category Economic policy Category Heritage ... more details
freedom Main Indices of economicfreedom The annual surveys EconomicFreedom of the World EFW and Index ... Report ref Using the 2008 Index of EconomicFreedom methodology world economicfreedom has increased ... EconomicFreedom Holding Steady ref Members of the World Bank Group also use Index of Economic ... ref See also Economic liberalism EconomicFreedom of the World Index of EconomicFreedom 2003 2006 Index of EconomicFreedom historical rankings List of indices of freedom Laissez faire List of countries ...FreedomEconomicfreedom is a term used in economic and policy debate s. As with wikt freedomfreedom generally, there are various definitions, but no universally accepted concept of economicfreedom. ref ... Amartya authorlink Amartya Sen title Rationality and Freedom page 9 ref One major approach to economic ... choice, with greater economicfreedom coming from a larger in some technical sense set of possible choices. ref name EncyclopediaPubChoice cite encyclopedia title EconomicFreedom and its Measurement ... University Press. ref Other conceptions of economicfreedom include Four Freedoms freedom from want ... market viewpoint understands economic liberty as the freedom to produce, trade and consume any goods ..., the protection of property rights and freedom of economic initiative. ref name EncyclopediaPubChoice ref Surjit S. Bhalla. Freedom and economic growth a virtuous cycle? . Published in Democracy ... p.57, 64 ref There are several indices of economicfreedom that attempt to measure free market economicfreedom. Empirical studies based on these rankings have found higher living standards, economic ... Michael A. title Income, growth, and economicfreedom journal American Economic Review volume 87 ... Ayal first1 Eliezer B. last2 Karras first2 Georgios title Components of economicfreedom and growth ... Freedom, Government Policy, and the Trade Off Between Equity and Economic Growth journal Public ... A 1020308831424 ref ref Cite journal last Berggren first Niclas title EconomicFreedom and Equality ... more details
created by the Heritage Foundation . According to the index, the cornerstones of economicfreedom ... EconomicFreedom of the World 2008 Annual Report ref Index of EconomicFreedom main Index of EconomicFreedom The Index of EconomicFreedom is a series of 10 economic measurements created by the Heritage Foundation and Wall Street Journal . The Index s definition of economicfreedom is the following Economicfreedom is the fundamental right of every human to control his ... FAQ.aspx title Frequently Asked Questions publisher Index of EconomicFreedom accessdate 2009 01 25 ref The index scores nations on 10 broad factors of economicfreedom using statistics from organizations ... for India, both called EconomicFreedomIndex for India. http www.rediff.com money 2004 mar 08spec.htm ...A number of indicators of economicfreedom have been proposed. They differ in the methods by which they have been constructed, the purposes to which they have been put and the conception of economicfreedom they embody. EconomicFreedom of the World main EconomicFreedom of the World The annual survey EconomicFreedom of the World is an indicator of economicfreedom produced by James Gwartney and Robert Lawson, and is published by the Canadian Fraser Institute . The index uses a definition of economic ... of economicfreedom. Its use stems in part from the longer time period covered data exists from 1980 ... into a total score. World Survey of EconomicFreedomFreedom House published a measure of economicfreedom in 1996, but publication of this measure has been discontinued. They defined economicfreedom ... prerequisites required for the conduct of economic affairs. To determine level of economicfreedomFreedom House used six indicators ref World Survey of EconomicFreedom 1995 1996 A Freedom House Study ..., 202005 10067 See also List of countries by economicfreedom References reflist Category Comparative economic systems Category Index numbers fi Luettelo valtioista taloudellisen vapauden mukaan ... more details
The Freedom Meta Index is a meta index maintained by Free Existence which combines several existing freedom indices, including the Heritage Foundation Index of EconomicFreedom , the Freedom House Freedom in the World Freedom In the World index , the Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index , and the Free Existence Gun Rights Index and Drug FreedomIndex . ref http www.freeexistence.org freedomindex faq.html Freedom Meta Index Sources and FAQ ref The various indices are incorporated into a single interactive user interface which allows ranking of 196 different countries and semi autonomous regions around the world. Users have the ability to weight the liberties they value most, and these preferences are used to prioritize or exclude individual freedomindex values and produce a final score reflecting the most free country given the user s set of values. ref name slate Cite news last Waldman first Katy title Let X Units of Freedom Ring newspaper Slate year 2011 date April 21, 2011 url http www.slate.com id 2291847 ref This weight value multiplication approach can be used to selectively rank only values from a specific subset of freedom indices, or to enable a user to identify the country or countries that best match his or her philosophical preferences. ref http www.freeexistence.org freedom.shtml Free Existence Freedom Meta Index ref See also Freedom House Freedom in the World List of indices of freedomIndex of EconomicFreedom Transparency International Drug FreedomIndex Corruption Perceptions Index Gun Rights Index References Reflist Politics country lists Public policy Particular human rights DEFAULTSORT List Of Freedom Indices Category Human rights related lists Category International rankings Category Index numbers ... more details
in the creation of financial crisis . ref name IMF Giannone EconomicFreedom of the World index has been more widely used than any other measure of economicfreedom, because of its coverage of a longer ... similar index, the Index of EconomicFreedom . Method The participants in the conferences reached a consensus that the cornerstones of economicfreedom are Personal choice rather than collective choice ... and that EconomicFreedom of the World was used for most of the research, partly because Index of Economic ... flag South Korea 7.32 See also Indices of economicfreedomIndex of EconomicFreedom List of indices ...About annual survey published by the Fraser Institute other indices Indices of economicfreedom Image GM Countries by EconomicFreedom Index.png thumb 375px right Map of countries by 2008 EconomicFreedom of the World, published by the Fraser Institute . The annual survey EconomicFreedom of the World ... the degree of economicfreedom in the world s nations. This indicator has been used in peer reviewed studies some of which have found a range of beneficial effects of more economicfreedom, ref cite web url http www.freetheworld.com papers.html title Published Work Using EconomicFreedom of the World ... on economicfreedom. Eventually this resulted in a report on worldwide economicfreedom, Economic ... score. Research Image EconomicFreedom Charts.png right thumb 375px Charts showing economicfreedom, as defined in EconomicFreedom of the World , and various other indicators. The red bars shows nations with less economicfreedom, the green bars those with more. Hundreds of peer reviewed articles have used the index and has been used in economic research, political science, and environmental research ... www.freetheworld.com papers.html ref Economicfreedom has been shown to correlate strongly with higher ... free countries. ref http www.buckeyeinstitute.org article 318 ref Higher economicfreedom ... in preventing wars. Economicfreedom is around 54 times more effective than democracy as measured ... more details
This article includes a List of countries by economicfreedom . clr style font size 85 width 33 align center 2011 List by the Fraser Institute ref http www.freetheworld.com release.html EconomicFreedom of the World 2011 Annual Report ref width 33 align center 2012 List by The Heritage Foundation ref http www.heritage.org index ranking.aspx 2012 Index of EconomicFreedom World Rankings ref valign top class wikitable sortable style margin left auto margin right auto style width 2em Rank Country Score 1 flag Hong Kong 9.01 2 flag Singapore 8.68 3 flag New Zealand 8.20 4 flag Switzerland 8.03 5 flag Australia 7.98 6 flag Canada 7.81 7 flag Chile 7.77 8 flag United Kingdom 7.71 9 flag Mauritius 7.67 10 flag United States 7.60 11 flag Bahrain 7.59 11 flag Finland 7.59 13 flag Slovakia 7.56 14 flag United Arab Emirates 7.54 15 flag Denmark 7.52 15 flag Estonia 7.52 15 flag Hungary 7.52 18 flag Cyprus 7.51 19 flag Austria 7.50 20 flag Luxembourg 7.49 21 flag Germany 7.45 22 flag Japan 7.44 23 flag Panama 7.41 24 flag Lithuania 7.40 25 flag Ireland 7.38 26 flag Taiwan 7.37 27 flag Georgia 7.36 28 flag Bulgaria 7.34 28 flag Oman 7.34 30 flag Albania 7.32 30 flag Netherlands 7.32 30 flag South Korea 7.32 class wikitable sortable style margin left auto margin right auto style width 2em Rank Country Score 1 HKG CHN 89.9 2 flag Singapore 87.5 3 flag Australia 83.1 4 flag New Zealand 82.1 5 flag Switzerland 81.1 6 flag Canada 79.9 7 flag Chile 78.3 8 flag Mauritius 77.0 9 flag Ireland 76.9 10 flag United States 76.3 11 flag Denmark 76.2 12 flag Bahrain 75.2 13 flag Luxembourg 74.5 14 flag United Kingdom 74.1 15 flag Netherlands 73.3 16 flag Estonia 73.2 17 flag Finland 72.3 18 flag Republic of China Taiwan 71.9 19 MAC CHN 71.8 20 flag Cyprus 71.8 21 flag Sweden 71.7 22 flag Japan 71.6 23 flag Lithuania 71.5 24 flag Saint Lucia 71.3 25 flag Qatar 71.3 26 flag Germany 71.0 27 flag Iceland ... References reflist Category Comparative economic systems Category Economic policy Category Index numbers ... more details
page Economic Constraints on Media Freedom timestamp 20120426163552 year 2012 month April day 26 substed yes help off For administrator use only Old AfD multi page Economic Constraints on Media Freedom ... THIS LINE Media freedom is constrained by the economic system when market interests of media enterprises dominate the public function of media. Media freedom is restricted by the economic system in terms ... have been highly criticized by international scholars as economic threats to media freedom and democracy ref Baker, 2007 Czepek, et al., 2009 ref . Governments also may use economic pressure ... had negative effects on its freedom from economic pressure. Liberalisation has not only been reported ... pan European economic structures, which implicate different conditions for media freedom and diversity ... freedom Media Sustainability Index MSI Media cross ownership in the United States News Media Policy ... and media economics. Media Independence Media independence is challenged by the economic system when economic pressure groups control the production of independent media outlets. To fulfil their democratic ..., Media do not only serve as a public cultural good, but also as economic commodities ref Just, 2009 Kiefer, 2005 ref . From an economic point of view, media systems have to perform well and be efficient. Since the expensive production of a public good often contradicts economic efficiency, it tends ... a value conflict between public and economic interests ref Just, 2009, p.139 ref . Economic Threats to Media Freedom File MF EconomicThreats.pdf thumb Economic Threats to Media FreedomEconomic threats to media freedom are market failure, concentration of media ownership , media cross ownership ..., several scholars have stated a change of regime between the two functional systems the public and the economic ... practices, mergers and concentration of media ownership present huge threads to media freedom in terms ... threats to media freedom within the European Union , and in the United States . The problem ... more details
Economic Vulnerability Index is one of the criteria used by the United Nations Committee for Development Policy ref http www.un.org esa policy devplan index.html UN Development Plan ref , an advisory body to the United Nations Economic and Social Council ref http www.un.org ecosoc UNECOSOC ref in the identification of Least Developed Countries ref http www.un.org esa policy devplan profile index.html UN Developmente Plan index ref . The Economic Vulnerability Index is a composition of the following seven indicators 1 population size, 2 remoteness, 3 merchandise export concentration, 4 share of agriculture , forestry and Fishery fisheries in gross domestic product , 5 homelessness owing to natural disaster s, 6 instability of agricultural production, and 7 instability of exports of goods and services. The other criteria used to classify countries as least developed are Gross national income per capita and the Human Asset Index http www.un.org esa policy devplan profile criteria.html . In addition, only low income countries with population smaller than 75 million inhabitants can be considered for inclusion in the category. References expand further date February 2012 reflist 1 Category Economic indicators UN stub sv Economic Vulnerability Index ... more details
The Economic Complexity Index ECI is closely related with the concept of The Product Space product space developed by Ricardo Hausmann, Cesar Hidalgo and their team at The Observatory of Economic Complexity of the Harvard Kennedy School and the MIT Media Lab. As Haussman and Hidalgo formulate it, their definition of Economic Complexity to see other refer to complexity economics tries to capture the notion of knowledge contained by every product that, according to them, is not fully explained by the traditional economic description based on capital and labor. As most of the measurements used in complexity science , the goal of this index is to explain the economic system of a country as a whole rather than the sum of its parts, based on the overall knowledge accumulated through production Thus, the ECI is an attempt to synthesize the collective knowledge of a society. In its strict mathematical definition, the ECI shows the probability of certain products to be developed by certain countries, or said in other terms, how exclusive would be a determined product for a given country. For example, Japan or Germany, with high ECI s, produce goods that are highly unlikely to be produced by several countries, while countries whith low ECI s, are more likely to have as a productive base products that many countries around the globe produce such as most of the raw materials . The ECI index was built with data from countries exports, thus counting only goods and leaving aside services. Hausmann and Hidalgo propose the concept of ECI not only as a descriptive measure, but also as a predictive tool for Economic growth . According to their models, compiled in the ref cite web url http atlas.media.mit.edu book title The Atlas of Economic Complexity author Ricardo Hausmann, Cesar Hidalgo, et. al. publisher The Observatory of Economic Complexity Harvard HKS CDI MIT Media Lab accessdate ... stub See also Complexity economics Econophysics List of countries by economic complexity References ... more details
primary sources date June 2011 The Drug FreedomIndex is a numerical index compiled by Free Existence that claims to measure the liberality of drug laws around the world. The index rates the legality of recreational drug usage, possession, and sales in 246 countries and semi autonomous regions around the world on a numeric scale. As it is the first attempt to quantify worldwide drug laws of its kind, there is presently some reliance on anecdotal evidence in lieu of direct legal analysis due to lack of access to primary sources i.e., the actual written laws of some nations . ref http www.freeexistence.org drugindex.html Introduction to the Free Existence Index of Worldwide Drug Freedom ref As of the 2011 index, Mexico had the most liberal drug laws, scoring 9.0 out of 10 possible points due to its August 21, 2009 decriminalization of small quantities of marijuana, cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine, and LSD for personal use as part of an attempt to undercut the profits of drug gangs as part of the ongoing Mexican Drug War drug war there. In second place was the Netherlands with 8.5 out of 10, followed in third by a five way tie between Belgium, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Portugal, and Spain. In contrast, the most restrictive drug laws could be found in Bhutan, which scored a mere 0.5 out of 10 due to its recent ban on all tobacco products. ref name drugindex http www.freeexistence.org data 2011 2011 druglaw data.xls FreeExistence Drug FreedomIndex 2011 ref The US states with the most liberal drug laws as ranked by the index were Alaska, California, Maine, Nevada, and Oregon, each of which scored 5.5 out of 10. ref name drugindex See also Freedom Meta Index List of indices of freedom References Reflist Politics country lists Public policy Politics country lists Public policy Particular human rights DEFAULTSORT Drug Policy Category Drug control law Category International rankings Category Index numbers Category Human rights by issue Category Civil rights and liberties ... more details
The Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare is an economics economic indicator intended to replace the gross domestic product . Rather than simply adding together all expenditures like the gross domestic product , consumer expenditure is balanced by such factors as income distribution and cost associated with pollution and other unsustainable costs. It is similar to the genuine progress indicator . The index of sustainable economic welfare ISEW is roughly defined by the following formula. ISEW personal consumption br public non defensive expenditures br private defensive expenditures br capital formation br services from domestic labour br costs of environmental degradation br depreciation of natural capital History The index is based on the ideas presented by William Nordhaus and James Tobin in their measure of economic welfare . It was first developed in 1989 by Herman Daly and John B. Cobb . They later went on to add several other costs to the definition of ISEW. This later work formed the genuine progress indicator see sustainability measurement . See also Green national product References Nordhaus, W. and J. Tobin, 1972. Is growth obsolete?. Columbia University Press, New York. Daly,H. & Cobb, J., 1989. For the Common Good. Beacon Press, Boston. H. Diefenbacher The Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare in Germany , in C. Cobb & J. Cobb eds. , The Green National Product , University of Americas Press, 1994. Clive Hamilton The Genuine Progress Indicator methodological developments and results form Australia , Ecological Economics , vol. 30, pp.13 28 1999. T. Jackson, N. Marks, J. Ralls & S. Strymne An index of sustainable economic welfare for the UK 1950 1996 , Centre for Environmental ... & S. Abdallah Measuring Regional Progress Developing a Regional Index of Sustainable Economic ... Category Socioeconomics de Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare et S stva majandusliku heaolu indeks ... economico sostenibile nl Index voor duurzame economische welvaart pl Miernik trwa ego dobrobytu ... more details
The EconomicFreedom Fund EFF is a 527 group started in 2006 by Bob J. Perry , with a 5 million donation. Only one person is officially associated with the group Charles H. Bell Jr., ref http www.talkingpointsmemo.com docs eff fec ?resultpage 1& Federal Elections Commission filing, September 13, 2006, by the EFF ref a lawyer from California , who is the general counsel for the California Republican Party , ref Paul Kiel, http www.tpmmuckraker.com archives 001518.php Swift Boat Redux Wealthy GOP Donor Drops 5 Mil for New Group , TPMMuckracker.com, September 14, 2006 ref and the Republican National Lawyers Association s vice president for the election education advisory council. ref Rich Hardwick, http www.wmaz.com redesign web news top story.aspx?storyid 29528 Truth Test Hidden Republicans Attack Marshall , WMAZ news, Macon, Georgia, September 7, 2006 ref The 5 million initial donation makes the EFF one of the top ten 527 group s in the 2006 election cycle in terms of receipts. ref http www.opensecrets.org 527s 527cmtes.asp 527 Committee Activity Top 50 Federally Focused Organizations , opensecrets.com, accessed September 15, 2006 ref EFF says its aim is to educate the public concerning issues related to the preservation of economicfreedom , the promotion of economic growth and prosperity for the people of the United States of America. ref http www.economicfreedomfund.com who.html About the EFF , accessed September 15, 2006 ref Focus of efforts All of EFF s campaign ads to date attack Democratic Party United States Democrat ic candidates. ref http www.economicfreedomfund.com viewads.html EFF direct mail and television advertisements , EFF website, accessed September 20, 2006 ref So far the attacks have been on John Barrow U.S. politician John Barrow D GA Leonard Boswell D IA Baron Hill challenger in Indiana s 9th District Jim Marshall U.S. politician Jim Marshall D GA ... index.html EFF website http www.sourcewatch.org index.php?title EconomicFreedom ... more details
class wikitable sortable style text align right Country KEI KI Economic Incentive Regime Innovation ... Category Information, knowledge, and uncertainty Category World Bank Category Index numbers es ... more details
Serbia and Montenegro See also List of freedom indices References reflist External links Reporters Without Borders . http en.rsf.org press freedomindex 2011 2012,1043.html Worldwide press freedomindex 2011 2012 Worldwide press freedomindex http en.rsf.org spip.php?page classement&id rubrique ... Without Borders. http www.rsf.org IMG pdf note methodo en.pdf How the index was compiled ref The survey ... of pressure against the free press. Reporters Without Borders is careful to note that the index only deals with press freedom, and does not measure the quality of journalism. Due to the nature of the survey ... Rank and Index 2011 2012 Rank and Index 2010 Rank and Index 2009 Rank and Index 2008 Rank and Index 2007 Rank and Index 2006 Rank and Index 2005 Rank and Index 2004 Rank and Index 2003 Rank and Index ... more details
The Conference Board Leading EconomicIndex is an United States American economic leading indicator intended to forecast future economic activity. It is calculated by The Conference Board , a non governmental organization , which determines the value of the index from the values of ten key Variable mathematics variables . These variables have historically turned downward before a recession and upward before an Economic expansion expansion . The single index value composed from these ten variables has generally proved capable of predicting recessions over the past 50 years, but in most cases it has been known to falsely predict recessions which did not occur. ref name guide The United States Department of Labor s monthly report on the unemployment rate, average hourly earnings and the average workweek hours from the Employment Situation report The United States Department of Labor s weekly report on first time claims for state unemployment insurance The United States Census Bureau s monthly consumer goods and materials report from the Preliminary Report on Manufacturers Shipments, Inventories, and Orders The United States Census Bureau s monthly non defense capital goods report from the Preliminary Report on Manufacturers Shipments, Inventories, and Orders The United States Census Bureau s monthly report on building permits from the Housing Starts and Building Permits report The difference spread between the interest rates of 10 year United States Treasury note s and the federal funds rate The Federal Reserve s inflation adjusted measure of the M2 money supply The Institute for Supply Management s monthly ISM Index of Manufacturing including supplier deliveries, imports, production ... 500 The University of Michigan Consumer Sentiment Index s consumer expectations See also Economic indicator ... business economy 25charts.html?ref todayspaper Floyd Norris New York Times Piece Category Index numbers Category Macroeconomics Category Economic indicators macroeconomics stub pl Indeks wska nik w wyprzedzaj cych ... more details
This is list and map of European countries by Press FreedomIndex for year 2008. ref Reporters Without Borders. http www.rsf.org en classement794 2008.html Worldwide press freedomindex 2008 . ref Image label begin image Europe polar stereographic Caucasus Urals boundary.svg width 700 COUNTRIES AND TERRITORIES GEOGRAPHICALLY IN EUROPE Image label small x 0.615 y 0.665 scale 700 text font color black Albania span style background FFFF00 color red span span style background FFFF00 16.00 span font Image label small x 0.37 y 0.61 scale 700 text font color black Andorra span style background 00FFFF span n d font Image label small x 0.53 y 0.56 scale 700 text font color black Austria span style background 00FFFF color red span span style background 00FFFF 3.50 span font Image label small x 0.95 y 0.56 scale 700 text font color black Azerbaijan span style background FFFF00 color red span span style background FFFF00 53.63 span font Image label small x 0.33 y 0.53 scale 700 text Balearic Islands Sp. Image label small x 0.65 y 0.46 scale 700 text font color black Belarus span style background 00FF00 color red span span style background FFFF00 58.33 span font Image label small x 0.43 y 0.49 scale 700 text font color black Belgium span style background 00FFFF color red span span style background 00FFFF 3.00 span font Image label small x 0.57 y 0.61 scale 700 text font color black Bosnia and Herzegovina span style background FFFF00 color red span span style background 00FF00 8.00 span font ... Kosovo and Vatican which are not UN members ref Reporters Without Borders Worldwide Press FreedomIndex press freedom flagicon Albania Albania 16.00 flagicon Andorra Andorra n d flagicon Armenia Armenia ... Vatican City n d See also Press FreedomIndex Worldwide Press FreedomIndex Worldwide Press FreedomIndex International organisations in Europe List of European countries by budget revenues List of European ... References references Europefooter Category Europe related lists Press Freedom ... more details
Wiktionary TOC right Freedom may refer to Philosophy Free will Liberty Political freedomEconomicfreedom Computing Freedom software , a software utility designed to allow a person to block their own access to the Internet for a set period of time Freedom , an educational computer game on the history of slavery Transport Freedom class littoral combat ship , warships of the United States Navy Freedom class cruise ship , operated by Royal Caribbean International USS Freedom USS Freedom , any of three US Navy ships Freedom Ship , a concept for a floating city Space Station Freedom Space Station Freedom , an uncompleted NASA project Geography Freedom, California Freedom, Idaho and Wyoming Freedom, Indiana Freedom, Maine Freedom, Michigan Freedom, New Hampshire Freedom, New York Freedom, Oklahoma Freedom, Pennsylvania Freedom, Wisconsin disambiguation Arts and entertainment Animation Freedom Project , an original video animation series ZGMF X10A Freedom Gundam , a mobile suit from the anime Mobile Suit Gundam SEED and its sequel, Gundam SEED Destiny ZGMF X20A Strike Freedom Gundam , its successor unit Books Freedom , original title of Freedom, Vol. 1 Freedom in the Making of Western Culture , 1991 history by Orlando Patterson Freedom Franzen novel Freedom Franzen novel , a novel by Jonathan Franzen Freedom Suarez novel Freedom Suarez novel , a novel by Daniel Suarez Freedom Safire novel Freedom Safire novel , a novel by William Safire Film and television Freedom 1982 film Freedom 1982 film , Australian film directed by Scott Hicks Freedom TV series Freedom TV series , a short lived television series in 2000 Freedom 2001 film Freedom 2001 film , a 2001 Argentine film Grafitti Chris Pape or Freedom , graffiti artist Music Freedom band , a psychedelic rock band Freedom Records , a jazz label Albums Freedom Santana album Freedom Santana album 1987 Freedom Neil Young album Freedom Neil Young album 1989 Freedom Yothu Yindi album Freedom Yothu Yindi album 1993 Freedom Sheena Easton ... more details
Infobox Book name The Freedom of the Will image image caption author Jonathan Edwards theologian Jonathan Edwards country United States subject Theology publisher pub date 1754 An Inquiry into the Modern Prevailing Notions of the Freedom of the Will which is Supposed to be Essential to Moral Agency, Virtue and Vice, Reward and Punishment, Praise and Blame or simply The Freedom of the Will , is a work by Christian reformer, theologian, and author Jonathan Edwards theologian Jonathan Edwards which uses the text of The Epistle to the Romans Romans 16 as its basis. It was first published in 1754 and examines the nature and the status of man s free will will . The book takes the classic Calvinism Calvinist viewpoint on total depravity of the will and the need of man for God s grace in salvation. Although written long before the modern introduction and debate over open theism Open Theism , Edwards work addresses many of the concerns that have been raised today over this view. One of the authors that provoked the writing of The Freedom of the Will was Daniel Whitby . Whitby was an Arminianism Arminian minister of the Church of England who was known for his anti Calvinism Calvinist viewpoint and his statement that It is better to deny prescience foreknowledge than liberty. ref http www.constitution.org primarysources whitby.html Discourse on the Five Points by Daniel Whitby ref It is this claim that Edwards attempts to answer in The Freedom of the Will. Edwards responded that man may freely choose whatever seems good to him, but that whatever it is that seems good to him is based on an inherent predisposition that has been foreordained by God. References reflist External links http www.reformedreader.org rbb edwards fowindex.htm The Complete Text of The Freedom of the Will http www.earlymoderntexts.com A version of this work, slightly modified for easier reading See also A Faithful Narrative Religious Affections DEFAULTSORT Freedom of the Will Category Theology Category 18th ... more details
Infobox VG title Freedom image Image Freedom main screen.png 250px Freedom caption Screenshot of start screen developer Minnesota Educational Computing Consortium MECC publisher MECC platforms Apple II released 1993 genre Edutainment Freedom was an educational computer game developed by MECC . The player assumed the role of a runaway slave in the History of the United States 1789 1849 Antebellum Period of History of the United States American history who was trying to reach the North through the Underground Railroad . The game met a mixed reception some educators found it valuable while others found it Racist racially offensive . In 1993, a group of offended parents sued a school which had provided the game to students and MECC, the developer. The game was pulled off the market as a result. Gameplay Players choose one of two characters. The male character was typically illiterate written signs and notes appeared onscreen as indecipherable symbols. The male character receives a pass from his slavemaster in order to escape to the North. The female character is sometimes able to read and write, and is able to forge a pass in order to run, in addition to asking for a pass. Players attempt to avoid slavecatchers, who may or may not perceive their character s pass as legitimate. References http www.nytimes.com 1995 08 28 us school s computer game on slavery prompts suit.html?scp 1&sq School s 20Computer 20Game 20on 20Slavery 20Prompts 20Suit&st cse School s Computer Game on Slavery Prompts Suit New York Times http www.atarimagazines.com compute issue156 82 What cost freedom.php What Cost Freedom? edu videogame stub Category 1993 video games Category Apple II games Category Apple II only games Category Humanitarian video games Category Underground Railroad Category Video games set in the 19th century Category Video games set in the United States ... more details
Infobox film name This Freedom image caption director Denison Clift producer writer Denison Clift br A.S.M. Hutchinson novel starring Fay Compton br Clive Brook br John Stuart actor John Stuart br Athene Seyler music cinematography editing studio Ideal Film Company distributor Ideal Film Company released 21 March 1923 runtime country United Kingdom awards language English budget preceded by followed by This Freedom is a 1923 Cinema of the United Kingdom British silent film silent drama film directed by Denison Clift and starring Fay Compton , Clive Brook and John Stuart actor John Stuart . ref http ftvdb.bfi.org.uk sift title 407579 ref It was based on the novel This Freedom novel This Freedom by A.S.M. Hutchinson . A woman gets married and starts a family. She chooses to continue working and neglects her children. Cast Fay Compton Rosalie Aubyn Clive Brook Harry Occleve John Stuart actor John Stuart Huggo Occleve Athene Seyler Miss Keggs Nancy Kenyon Doda Occleve Gladys Hamer Gertrude Fewlass Llewellyn Reverend Aubyn Adeline Hayden Coffin Mrs. Aubyn Mickey Brantford Robert Bunty Fosse Rosalie, as a Child Joan Maude Hilda Charles Vane actor Charles Vane Uncle Pyke Gladys Hamilton Aunt Belle Robert English actor Robert English Mr. Field References reflist External links IMDb title 0015401 CinemaoftheUK Denison Clift Use dmy dates date February 2012 Category 1923 films Category British drama films Category British silent films Category English language films Category Films directed by Denison Clift Category 1920s drama films Category Ideal Film Company films Category British films 1920s UK film stub es This Freedom ... more details
On the Freedom of the Will is an essay presented to the Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences in 1839 by Arthur Schopenhauer as a response to the academic question that they had posed Is it possible to demonstrate human free will from self consciousness ? It is one of the constituent essays of his work Die beiden Grundprobleme der Ethik . Essentially, Schopenhauer claimed that as phenomenal objects appearing to a viewer, humans have absolutely no free will. They are completely determined by the way that their bodies react to stimuli and causes, and their characters react to motives. As things that exist ... by analyzing the basic concepts of freedom and self consciousness. He asserted that there are three types of freedom, namely, physical, intellectual, and moral. Physical freedom is the absence of physical obstacles to actions. This is commonly thought to constitute freedom of the will. Intellectual freedom results when the mind has a clear knowledge of the abstract or concrete motives to action. This occurs .... Moral freedom is the absence of the influence of motives on a person s actions. Self consciousness ... freedom. He asserted You can do what you will, but in any given moment of your life you can will only ... and necessarily Determinism determines the will to act. This is a relative freedom in which humans ... have complete freedom. But still I shall do none of these things now, but with just as free a will I ... freedom and responsibility. Everyone has a feeling of the responsibility for what they do. They feel ... that the necessity of our actions can coexist with the feeling of freedom and responsibility in a way ... analogy to that which is felt as the inner being and essence of a person. When we feel our freedom ... philosophy transcendental freedom, as opposed to empirical necessity, every act and deed is a person .... But this is because he already is what he wills. Ch. V References Schopenhauer , Arthur, On the Freedom of the Will , Oxford Basil Blackwell ISBN 0 631 14552 4 Schopenhauer DEFAULTSORT On The Freedom ... more details
For Freedom is a 1940 United Kingdom British drama film directed by Maurice Elvey and Castleton Knight . It was made largely for propaganda purposes during the Second World War . It features Will Fyffe , Guy Middleton , and Terry Thomas . External links imdb title 0032483 Category 1940 films Category British films Category World War II propaganda films Category English language films Category 1940s drama films 1940s UK film stub CinemaoftheUK Maurice Elvey ... more details
multiple issues primarysources September 2010 update September 2010 INDEX is a Denmark based nonprofit organization which works towards promoting designs aimed at the improvement of the life of people worldwide, both in developed and developing countries. ref name IND http www.indexaward.dk index.php?option com content&view article&id 30&Itemid 8 About INDEX , Indexaward.dk. ref It was established in 2002 under the patronage of the Crown Prince of Denmark . It is supported by the Danish Ministry of Economic and Business Affairs , the Danish Enterprise and Construction Authority , Den Obelske Familiefond and Konsul George Jorck og Hustru Emma Jorck s Fond. ref name hist INDEX was initially proposed by designer Johan Adam Lindeballe and Danish Permanent Secretary J rgen Rosted as a world design event in order to promote Denmark, to attract tourism and investments. ref name hist http www.indexaward.dk index.php?option com content&view article&id 2&Itemid 16 History ref However, it soon acquired a global perspective, and its mission has become expressed in its motto Design to Improve Life . ref name IND ref name ex2009 http www.presseinitiativet.um.dk NR rdonlyres E980D8D7 F5FE 4DAA 9F04 499FFC667E5E 0 LOFTIndexawards.pdf INDEX Design to Improve Life by Rod Bradbury, 2009 ref Design to Improve Life is promoted my means of the design award INDEX Award , a world touring exhibition, a summer camp, conferences, and publications. ref name bwbd http www.abetterworldbydesign.com 2009 speakers.php A better World by Design conference list of speakers ref INDEX Award The biennial INDEX Award was initiated in 2005. Financed by the state of Denmark, with a total prize sum of 500,000 euros, it became world s largest monetary award in the area of design. Award presentation has becoma a major ... 9 winners 2007&Itemid 20&layout default 20 20 20 2009 Index Award winners ref Design to Improve ... com content custom&view category&id 11 winners 2005&Itemid 18&layout default 2005 Index Award winners ... more details
selfref For the main index of Wikipedia, see Portal Contents . selfref For the alphabetical index of Wikipedia, see Portal Contents Quick index . selfref For the index of Wikipedia indexes, see Portal Contents Indexes . selfref For the Wikipedia editor s aid, see Wikipedia Editor s index to Wikipedia . selfref For the WikiProject, see Wikipedia WikiProject Indexes . wiktionary indexIndex may refer to Business Index retailer , a defunct UK catalogue retailer formerly owned by the Littlewoods group and known as Littlewoods IndexINDEX , a market research fair in Lucknow, India Index fund , a collective investment scheme Stock market index , a statistical average of prices of securities Publishing Bibliographic index , a regularly updated print periodical publication that lists articles, books, and or other information items, usually within a particular discipline Index publishing , a detailed list, usually arranged alphabetically, of the specific information in a publication Index typography , a largely obsolete punctuation mark Index card s in a rolodex or old library card catalog, early ... People, colloquially known as The Index , published by the Bundespr fstelle f r jugendgef hrdende Medien Index Librorum Prohibitorum , a list of publications which the Catholic Church censored Index ... news and community portal Indexed cartoon Indexed cartoon , a Web cartoon by Jessica Hagy The Index , the student newspaper of Kalamazoo College The Index journal The Index journal , a European propaganda ... Civil War Thumb index , a round cut out in the pages of a publication Toaru Majutsu no Index , a Japanese light novel, manga, and anime series Truman State University Index , the weekly student newspaper Sciences A scale social sciences Biological sciences Diversity index a quantitative measure that increases ... array, often used to replace a runtime computation with a simpler array indexing operation Array index ... array Database index , a data structure that improves the speed of data retrieval operations ... more details
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