TOCright Ingestion is the consumption of a substance by an organism . In animal s, it normally is accomplished by taking in the substance through the mouth into the gastrointestinal tract , such as through eating or drinking . In single celled organism s, ingestion can take place through taking the substance through the cell wall . Besides nutrition al items, other substances which may be ingested include medication s, Recreational drug use recreational drugs , and substances considered inedible such as Foreign body foreign bodies or excretion excrement . Ingestion is a common route taken by pathogen ic organism s and poison s entering the body. Ingestion can also refer to a mechanism picking up something and making it enter an internal hollow of that mechanism, e.g. a grille was fitted to prevent the pump from ingesting driftwood . Pathogens Some pathogen s are transmission medicine transmitted via ingestion, including virus es, bacteria , and parasite s. Most commonly, this takes place via the faecal oral route . An intermediate step is often involved, such as drinking water contaminated by faeces or food prepared by workers who fail to practice adequate hand washing , and is more common in regions where Sewage treatment untreated sewage is common. Disease s transmitted via the fecal oral route include hepatitis A , polio , and cholera . Some pathogenic organisms are typically ingested by other routes. Larva e of the parasite Trichinella cyst encyst within muscle s and are transmitted .... Battery ingestion can cause medical problems including blocked airway , vomit ing, irritability , persistent drooling , and rash due to nickel metal allergy . ref cite web title Battery Ingestion url http www.emedicinehealth.com battery ingestion article em.htm publisher eMedicineHealth.com date August ... www.ilpi.com msds ref ingestion.html Foreign bodies http www.emedicinehealth.com battery ingestion ... Ingesti da Forbrug kologi de Ingestion es Ingesti n fr Ingestion ja pt Ingest o sv F dointag ... more details
Infobox disease Name Thyrotoxicosis factitia Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 E 05 4 e 00 ICD9 ICD9 242.8 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Thyrotoxicosis factitia refers to a condition of thyrotoxicosis caused by the ingestion of exogenous thyroid hormone . It can be the result of mistaken ingestion of excess drug, such as levothyroxine , or as a symptom of Munchausen syndrome . It is an uncommon form of hyperthyroidism . References http www.thyroidmanager.org Chapter13 Ch 13 3.htm Endocrine pathology Med stub Category Thyroid disease ... more details
wiktionary Consumption may refer to Economics Use of final goods by a consumer until disposal Consumption economics Consumption function , an economic formula Consumption ecology Sociology Consumption sociology Other Consumption, an archaic name for pulmonary tuberculosis ingestion of food and drink See also Intitle consumption disambiguation ... more details
Blue skin may refer to Argyria , caused by the ingestion of elemental silver, silver dust or silver compounds Methemoglobinemia , the presence of excessive levels of Methemoglobin in the blood Cyanosis , caused by the presence of deoxygenated hemoglobin in blood vessels near the skin surface Blue baby syndrome Purpura Bruise Petechia See also Blue people disambiguation disambig ... more details
dabconcept Household chemicals are chemicals that are commonly found and used in and around the average household . Food additive s generally don t fall under this category, unless they have a use other than for human ingestion consumption . In recent times there has been a move away from using household chemicals and towards Green cleaning . Examples Bleach Ammonia Drain cleaner Detergent Hard surface cleaner disambiguation ru ... more details
Enteroglucagon is a peptide hormone derived from preproglucagon . It is a gastrointestinal hormone, secreted from mucosal cells primarily of the Colon anatomy colon and terminal ileum . It has 37 amino acids. Enteroglucagon is released following ingestion of a mixed meal, and delays gastric emptying. See also Proglucagon External links http arbl.cvmbs.colostate.edu hbooks pathphys endocrine gi eglucagon.html Overview at colostate.edu GPnotebook 1053818919 GeorgiaPhysiology 6 6ch2 s6ch2 27 MeshName Enteroglucagon Hormones biochemistry stub Category Peptide hormones es Enteroglucag n pt Enteroglucagon ... more details
Repulsive force may refer to A repulsive force of an Accelerating universe , which according to certain theories causes planets and matter to get farther and farther apart Like charges repelling according to Coulomb s law Repulsive force magnetism between magnets of opposite orientation A compressed material repelling bodies on both sides, e.g. according to Hooke s law Repulsive force biology , associated with involuntarily vomiting, as in response to ingestion of a toxin disambig ... more details
Lycopenemia is a skin condition caused by excessive ingestion of red foods, such as tomatoes , beets , chili beans , and various fruits and berries, which leads to a reddish discoloration of the skin. ref name Andrews James, William Berger, Timothy Elston, Dirk 2005 . Andrews Diseases of the Skin Clinical Dermatology . 10th ed. . Saunders. ISBN 0 7216 2921 0. ref rp 486 See also Skin lesion References reflist Category Disturbances of human pigmentation Cutaneous condition stub ... more details
orphan date July 2010 Progoitrin is a biochemical that is found in some food, which is inactive but after ingestion is converted to goitrin . Goitrin decrease the thyroid hormone production. Progoitrin has been isolated in cabbage , brussels sprout s, kale , peanuts , Mustard seed mustard , rutabaga , kohlrabi , spinach , cauliflower , horseradish , and oil seed rape . ref Comprehensive Pharmacy Review, Leon Shargel, 6th edition, p1191. ref References reflist Category Biomolecules fr Progoitrine ... more details
Unreferenced date October 2009 Onset of action is the duration of time it takes for a drug s effects to come to prominence upon administration. With oral administration , it typically ranges anywhere from 20 minutes to over an hour, depending on the drug in question. Other methods of ingestion such as smoking or Injection medicine injection can take as little as seconds to minutes to take effect. Pharmacology Category Pharmacology Category Pharmacokinetics pharmacology stub ... more details
Unreferenced date October 2007 Skin absorption is a route by which substances can enter the body through the skin . Along with inhalation , ingestion and Injection medicine injection , dermis dermal absorption is a route of exposure for toxic substances and route of administration for medication . Absorption of substances through the skin depends on a number of factors, the most important of which are concentration , duration of contact, solubility of medication , and physical condition of the skin and part of the body exposed. Substances called carriers help other substances penetrate the skin to make them more readily absorbed. Dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO is a carrier that is frequently used to transport medication through the skin. This allows treatment to be localized, unlike with ingestion. Alongside that, certain medications seem to be more effective or are more efficient using this route of administration, while it still remains clear that others are not. See also Absorption pharmacokinetics Category Skin physiology ... more details
stool widespread ingestion of dormant cysts in fecal contaminated water or food Isosporiasis ..., brain, heart, liver blood and PCR widespread up to one third of all humans ingestion of uncooked undercooked pork lamb goat with Toxoplasma bradyzoites , ingestion of raw milk with Toxoplasma tachyzoites , ingestion of contaminated water food or soil with oocysts in cat feces that is more than one ... host ingestion of raw fish, squid, cuttlefish, octopus Roundworm Parasitic pneumonia Ascaris sp. Ascaris ... dendriticum gall bladder rare ingestion of ants Dioctophyme renalis infection Dioctophyme renale kidneys typically the right Urine Worldwide Ingestion of undercooked or raw freshwater fish Diphyllobothriasis ..., Peru, Chile ingestion of raw fresh water fish Guinea worm Dracunculiasis Dracunculus Dracunculus medinensis ... host , ingestion of material contaminated by feces from a carnivore as definite host , ingestion ... ingestion of raw fish, mollusks, snails Pinworm Enterobiasis Enterobius vermicularis , Enterobius gregorii ... 10 million people ingestion of infested water plants or water intermediate host amphibic snails Gnathostomiasis ... under the skin physical examination rare Southeast Asia ingestion of raw or undercooked meat e.g. ... ref Hymenolepis nana , Hymenolepis diminuta ingestion of material contaminated by flour beetles, meal ... states, Israel, Spain ingestion of undercooked or salted fish River blindness Onchocerca volvulus ... uterobilateralis lungs sputum, feces East Asia ingestion of raw or undercooked freshwater crabs ... ingestion of material contaminated with infected dog or cat feces humans dead end host Strongyloidiasis ... skin penetration Beef tapeworm Taenia saginata Intestines stool worldwide distribution ingestion of undercooked beef Pork tapeworm Taenia solium ingestion of undercooked pork Toxocariasis Toxocara canis ... in developing countries due to improved feeding practices in developed countries. ingestion of undercooked ... stool eggs common worldwide accidental ingestion of eggs in dry goods such as beans, rice, and various ... more details
Radium jaw is an occupational disease brought on by the ingestion and subsequent absorption of radium into the bones of radium dial painters . The symptoms are Osteonecrosis of the jaw necrosis of the human mandible mandible lower jawbone and the maxilla upper jaw as well as constant bleeding of the gums and usually after some time, severe distortion due to bone tumours and porosity of the lower jaw. The condition is similar to phossy jaw , an osteoporitic and osteonecrotic illness of london matchgirls strike of 1888 matchgirls , brought on by phosphorus ingestion and absorption. The first written reference to the disease was by a dentist, Dr. Theodor Blum 1924 , who described an unusual mandibular osteomyelitis in a dial painter, a condition he called radium jaw . The disease was determined by Dr. H.S. Martland in 1924 to be symptomatic of radium paint ingestion, after many female workers from various radium paint companies reported similar dental and mandibular pain. The disease was the main reason for litigation against the United States Radium Corporation by the so called Radium Girls . Another prominent example of this condition was the death of Eben Byers , an American industrialist, after taking large doses of a patent medicine containing radium over several years. His illness garnered much publicity, with the Wall Street Journal running a story titled The Radium Water Worked Fine until His Jaw Came Off , and brought the problem of radioactive quackery quack medicines into the public eye. See also United States Radium Corporation Radiation sickness Radium Dial Company Radium dials References reflist http www.osti.gov accomplishments documents fullText ACC0029.pdf Radium in Humans A Review of U.S. Studies Category Occupational diseases Category Radium Category Osteonecrosis ... more details
one source date November 2009 The act of wiring a jaw keeps it closed for some amount of time. Originally this was as the mandibular equivalent of a cast, to fix the jaw in place while a fracture healed, but now jaws are sometimes wired for weight loss purposes, preventing the ingestion of solid food. Jaw wiring ref http www.drted.com index.html.bak2 Jaw 20wiring 20Informed 20Cconsent.htm Orthodontic jaw wiring ref is a fixed intra oral, bio mechanical device and method for treating and controlling compulsive overeating and obesity. The device is composed of orthodontic brackets attached to the teeth, and pliable wire wrapped either around or through the brackets. The brackets are optimally positioned with respect to the anterior posterior position of the lower jaw. The wiring is configured to suspend the patient s lower jaw in a semi closed, partially movable resting position which permits a moderate amount of physiologic jaw movement and relatively clear speech, while inhibiting the ingestion of solid foods References references citation style External links http www.drted.com index.html.bak2 Jaw 20wi5.jpg Image http www.hcgweightlossdiets.com images jaw wiring.jpg Image Category Jaw surgery medical equipment stub ... more details
File Blue Crystal Meth .jpg thumb 250px Methamphetamine Methamphetamine s ability to release dopamine rapidly in Reward system reward regions of the brain produces a rush as forerunner to the high experienced with the use of methamphetamine that many users feel after Insufflation medicine snorting , smoking, or Drug injection injecting the drug. ref http drugabuse.gov infofacts methamphetamine.html Methamphetamine InfoFacts The National Institute on Drug Abuse NIDA ref In psychology , a rush is an Wiktionary acute acute Wiktionary transcendent transcendent state of euphoria . Psychoactive drug s which enhance dopaminergic neurotransmission in the central nervous system CNS are commonly capable of such an event. These drugs include opiates and opioids , such as heroin and morphine , and psychostimulant s, such as methamphetamine and cocaine . Studies have shown that the subjective pleasure of drug use the reinforcing component of addiction is proportional to the rate at which the blood level of the drug increases. ref http jpet.aspetjournals.org content 301 2 690.full.pdf Onset of Action and Drug Reinforcement ref Intravenous injection is the fastest route of administration, causing blood concentrations to rise the most quickly, followed by smoking, suppository anal or vaginal insertion , Insufflation medicine insufflation snorting , and ingestion swallowing . Ingestion does not produce a rush. ref http www.abstemious.org Meth.htm Methamphetamine Abstemious Outpatient Clinic, Inc. ref See also Dopamine Reward system References Reflist 2 Emotion footer Category Happiness Category Addiction psychiatry Category Psychoactive drugs psych stub Wiktionary rush Etymology 2 ... more details
Vitamin D usually refers to Vitamin D , the group of fat soluble prohormones. It may also refer to Ergocalciferol , also known as vitamin D sub 2 sub Cholecalciferol , also known as vitamin D sub 3 sub 22 Dihydroergocalciferol , also known as vitamin D sub 4 sub Vitamin D5 Vitamin D sub 5 sub Calcifediol , also known as calcidiol 25 hydroxycholecalciferol, or 25 hydroxyvitamin D abbreviated 25 OH D . Blood concentration of calcifediol is considered the best indicator of vitamin D status. vitamin D related concepts, including Vitamin D and influenza Hypervitaminosis D , toxicity caused by the ingestion of large doses of vitamin D Hypovitaminosis D , a deficiency of vitamin D Vitamin D binding protein , encoded by the GC gene calcitriol receptor , also known as VDR, a receptor for vitamin D Vitamin D dependent calcium binding protein X linked hypophosphatemia , also known as vitamin D resistant rickets , a form of rickets for which ingestion of vitamin D is relatively ineffective Vitamin D Glee Vitamin D Glee , an episode of the American musical comedy drama television series Glee Dextromethorphan , or DXM, a street name for over the counter cough suppressants containing DXM. disambig ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 A reflux suppressant is any one of a number of Medication drugs used to combat oesophageal reflux . Commonly, following ingestion a raft of alginic acid is created, floating on the stomach contents by carbon dioxide released by the drug. This forms a mechanical barrier to further reflux. Some preparations also contain antacid s to protect the oesophagus . Reflux can also be coincidentally reduced by the Category Motility stimulants motility stimulants and antidopaminergic s. DEFAULTSORT Reflux Suppressant Category Drugs acting on the gastrointestinal system and metabolism th ... more details
Refimprove date December 2009 In medicine and specifically endocrinology , postprandial dip is a term used to refer to mild hypoglycemia occurring after ingestion of a heavy meal. The dip is thought to be caused by a drop in blood glucose resulting from the body s own normal insulin secretion, which in turn is a response to the glucose load represented by the meal. While postprandial dip is usually physiological after a generous meal, a very sharp or sustained drop in blood glucose may be associated with a disorder of glucose metabolism. See also Postprandial somnolence Glucose metabolism Lateral hypothalamus Insulin resistance Hypoglycemia Diabetes mellitus References reflist Category Endocrinology medicine stub ... more details
Image Thiuram disulfide 2D.png thumb 200px General structure of a thiuram disulfide Thiuram disulfides are a class of organic compound organic disulfide s that have the general structural formula shown to the right. Preparation They are prepared from the oxidation of their corresponding sodium salts of thiocarbamate s with iodine 2 NaS sub 2 sub CNR sub 2 sub I sub 2 sub &rarr R sub 2 sub NC S S SC S NR sub 2 sub 2 NaI where R is an alkyl group Example The tetraethylthiuram disulfide compound, known as Disulfiram , is commonly used to treat chronic alcoholism by producing an acute sensitivity to alcohol ingestion by blocking acetaldehyde dehydrogenase conversion of acetaldehyde leading to a higher concentration of the aldehyde in the blood producing symptoms of a severe hangover . Category Thiuram disulfides organic compound stub ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 The Safe and Effective Drug Act was a bill introduced by Mark Souder on 2004 12 06. It called for the National Institute on Drug Abuse to conduct a meta analysis of the available scientific data regarding the safety and health risks of smoking marijuana and the clinically proven effectiveness of smoking marijuana for medicinal purposes. Citation needed date October 2009 The bill was criticized for centering on smoking marijuana rather than other methods of ingestion for calling for the analysis to be conducted by NIDA for having a short turnaround time 120 days and for not requiring any new research. Or date January 2008 The bill died in committee. References reflist Category United States federal healthcare legislation US fed statute stub ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Skrjabinema regnum Animal ia subregnum Eumetazoa unranked phylum Bilateria phylum Nematoda classis Secernentea subclassis Rhabditia familia Oxyuridae genus Skrjabinema Skrjabinema is a worm genus ref Chemical Institute of Canada. 1934 ref within the Oxyuridae family. Species of this genus typically parasitise ruminant s. For example the nematode Skrjabinema ovis invades the intestinal tract of the guanaco , Lama guanicoe , pursuant to ingestion of eggs of this worm. ref C. Michael Hogan. 2008 ref Notes reflist References Chemical Institute of Canada. 1934. Canadian Journal of Research , National Research Council of Canada, v.10 Jan Jun C. Michael Hogan. 2008. http globaltwitcher.auderis.se artspec information.asp?thingid 42654 Guanaco Lama guanicoe , GlobalTwitcher.com, ed. N. Str mberg Category Nematodes nematode stub ... more details
merge to Purpura date February 2011 Food induced purpura is a skin condition that may result from ingestion of tartrazine dye, benzoates , and food containing Escherichia coli O157 H7 . ref name Andrews cite book author James, William D. Berger, Timothy G. et al. title Andrews Diseases of the Skin clinical Dermatology publisher Saunders Elsevier location year 2006 pages isbn 0 7216 2921 0 oclc doi accessdate ref rp See also Skin lesion Purpura References reflist Cutaneous condition stub Category Vascular related cutaneous conditions ... more details
Photoleukomelanodermatitis of Kobori is a cutaneous condition, a dyschromic drug eruption that occurs after ingestion of afloqualone, thiazides or tetracyclines, followed by exposure to sunlight. ref name Bolognia cite book author Rapini, Ronald P. Bolognia, Jean L. Jorizzo, Joseph L. title Dermatology 2 Volume Set publisher Mosby location St. Louis year 2007 pages isbn 1 4160 2999 0 oclc doi accessdate ref See also Leukotriene receptor antagonist associated Churg Strauss syndrome List of cutaneous conditions References reflist Dermatology stub Category Drug eruptions Category Disturbances of human pigmentation ... more details
V, Volmer P, Eubig P title Canine renal pathology associated with grape or raisin ingestion 10 ..., Morrow C title Acute renal failure in dogs after the ingestion of grapes or raisins a retrospective ... of grape or raisin toxicity. They often develop within a few hours of ingestion. Pieces of grapes ... drinking, and abdominal pain. Acute renal failure develops within 48 hours of ingestion. ref ... ingestion to induce diuresis and help to prevent acute renal failure. ref name forum Vomiting is treated ... more details
be associated with additional damage, ref name urlBattery Ingestion cite web url http www.emedicinehealth.com battery ingestion article em.htm title Battery Ingestion work accessdate 2008 12 18 ref ... esophageal damage due to button battery ingestion can it be prevented? journal Pediatr. Surg. Int. volume ... more details
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