Technical date September 2011 Taxobox virus group ii familia Inoviridae subdivision ranks Genus subdivision Inovirus br Plectrovirus br The Inoviridae are a family of filamentous bacteriophage s. The name of the family is derived from the Greek language Greek nos , meaning muscle . Virology The virons are non enveloped, rod shaped and filamentous. The capsid has a helical symmetry and in general has a length of 85 280 nm or 760 1950 nm and a width of 10 16 nm or 6 8 nm, respectively. These morphological differences depend on the species. There are five or more proteins in the capid gp8 the major capid protein gp6, gp7, and gp8 minor capid proteins and gp3, which acts as the initial host binding protein. The genomes are non segmented, circular, positive sense, single stranded DNA 4.4 8.5 kilobases in length. They encode 4 to 11 proteins. Replication of the genome occurs via a dsDNA intermediate and the rolling circle mechanism. Gene transcription is by the host s cellular machinery each gene having a specific promoter. Life cycle There are six steps in the life cycle 1. Adsorbion to the host via specific receptor s 2. Movement of the viral DNA into the host cell 3. Conversion of the single strand form to a double stranded intermediate 4. Replication of the viral genome 5. Synthesis of the new virons 6. Release of the new virons from the host A typical replication cycle normally take 10 15 minutes to complete. Adsorbsion This is mediated by one of the viral proteins gp3 binding to the host receptor Entry into the host cell Conversion to double stranded form The conversion from single stranded to double stranded form is carried out by the host s own DNA polymerase . The host ... . External links http www.expasy.org viralzone all by species 113.html ViralZone Inoviridae ... index.php Inoviridae Category DNA viruses Category Bacteriophages Virus stub ar ca Inov rid es Inoviridae pl Inowirusy zh ... more details
Taxobox virus group ii familia Inoviridae genus Plectrovirus subdivision ranks Species subdivision Acholeplasma phage L51 br Acholeplasma phage MV L51 br Spiroplasma phage 1 aa br Spiroplasma phage 1 C74 br Spiroplasma phage 1 KC3 br Spiroplasma phage 1 R8A2B br Spiroplasma phage 1 R8A2B br Spiroplasma phage 1 S102 br Spiroplasma phage 1 T78 br Plectrovirus is a genus of bacteriophages in the family Inoviridae . The viruses in this genus infect hosts in the phylum Tenericutes . The type species is Acholeplasma phage MV L51 Virology The virons are non enveloped, rod shaped and filamentous. The capsid has a helical symmetry and is generally has a length of 85 280 nm or 760 1950 nm and a width of 10 16 nm or 6 8 nm respectively. These morphological differences depend on the species. There are five or more proteins in the capid gp8 the major capid protein gp6, gp7 and gp8 minor capid proteins and gp3 which acts as the initial host binding protein. The genomes are non segmented, circular, positive sense, single stranded DNA 4.4 8.5 kilobases in length. They encode 4 to 11 proteins. Replication of the genome occurs via a dsDNA intermediate and the rolling circle mechanism. Gene transcription is by the host s cellular machinery each gene having a specific promoter. Life cycle There are six steps in the life cycle 1. Adsorbion to the host via specific receptor s 2. Movement of the viral DNA into the host cell 3. Conversion of the single strand form to a double stranded intermediate 4. Replication of the viral genome 5. Synthesis of the new virons 6. Release of the new virons from the host A typical replication cycle normally take 10 15 minutes to complete. Adsorbsion This is mediated by one of the viral proteins gp3 binding to the host receptor Entry into the host cell Conversion ... by species 113.html ViralZone Inoviridae Category DNA viruses Category Bacteriophages ar ca Inov rid es Inoviridae pl Inowirusy zh ... more details
Technical date September 2011 Taxobox virus group ii ordo familia Inoviridae genus Inovirus subdivision ranks Species subdivision F1 phage Enterobacteria phage f1 br Enterobacteria phage M13 br Vibrio phage CTX br Vibrio phage VCY ref name Xu2011 Xue H, Xu Y, Boucher Y, Polz MF 2011 High frequency of a novel filamentous phage, VCY Phi , within an environmental Vibrio cholerae population. Appl Environ Microbiol ref br Inovirus is a genus of filamentous bacteriophage s. Viruses in this genus hosts with the Enterobacteriaceae , Pseudomonadaceae , Spirillaceae , Xanthomonadaceae , Clostridium and Propionibacterium . The name of the genus is derived from the Greek word nos meaning muscle . At least one of the viruses Vibrio phage CTX is medically important as it encodes the cholera toxin. ref name Bhattacharya2006 Bhattacharya T, Chatterjee S, Maiti D, Bhadra RK, Takeda Y, Nair GB, Nandy RK 2006 Molecular analysis of the rstR and orfU genes of the CTX prophages integrated in the small chromosomes of environmental Vibrio cholerae non O1, non O139 strains. Environ Microbiol 8 3 526 634 ref The type species is Enterobacteria phage M13 . This phage has been extensively used in experimental work in microbiology. Virology The virions consist of a non enveloped, filamentous capsid with helical symmetry. ref name Welsh LC, Marvin DA, Perham RN 1998 Analysis of X ray diffraction from fibres of Pf1 Inovirus filamentous bacteriophage shows that the DNA in the virion is not highly ordered. J Mol Biol 284 5 1265 1271 ref The virions are between 760 1950 nanometers nm in length and 6 8 nm in width. There are five or more proteins in the capsid gp8 Phage major coat protein the major capsid protein gp6, gp7 and gp8 minor capsid proteins and gp3 which acts as the initial host binding protein. The genomes are non segmented, circular, positive sense, single stranded DNA 4.4 8.5 kilobases in length ... External links http www.expasy.org viralzone all by species 113.html ViralZone Inoviridae Viral ... more details
Taxobox virus group ii ordo familia Inoviridae ref name Rohwer2002 genus Inovirus The Ff phages are filamentous phages that infect gram negetive bacteria bearing the Fertility factor F episome . ref name Rasched1986 Cite journal issn 0146 0749 volume 50 issue 4 pages 401 427 last Rasched first I coauthors E Oberer title Ff coliphages structural and functional relationships. journal Microbiological Reviews date 1986 12 pmc 373080 pmid 3540571 url http mmbr.asm.org content 50 4 401.citation ref The term is used to refer to the closely related ref name Rohwer2002 Cite journal doi 10.1128 JB.184.16.4529 4535.2002 issn 0021 9193, 1098 5530 volume 184 issue 16 pages 4529 4535 last Rohwer first Forest coauthors Rob Edwards title The Phage Proteomic Tree A Genome Based Taxonomy for Phage journal Journal of Bacteriology accessdate 2012 03 27 date 2002 08 15 url http jb.asm.org content 184 16 4529 pmc 135240 ref group of phages including the f1 phage f1 , fd phage fd and M13 phage s. The If1 phage If1 and Ike phage ref name Peeters1985 Cite journal doi 10.1016 0022 2836 85 90322 5 issn 0022 2836 volume 181 issue 1 pages 27 39 last Peeters first Ben P.H. coauthors Rik M. Peters, John G.G. Schoenmakers, Ruud N.H. Konings title Nucleotide sequence and genetic organization of the genome of the N specific filamentous bacteriophage IKe Comparison with the genome of the F specific filamentous phages M13, fd and f1 journal Journal of Molecular Biology accessdate 2012 03 26 date 1985 01 05 url http www.sciencedirect.com science article pii 0022283685903225 ref are also closely related to this group. Theses phages undergo a non lytic lifecycle, where infected bacteria are not killed but continuously release viral particles. This is in contrast to the lytic cycle lytic and lysogenic cycle s of other phages where the host is killed when virions are released. The Ff phages have an circular ssDNA genome wrapped in a few thousand copies of the major coat protein to give a rod shaped viral particle ... more details
Taxobox virus group ii ordo familia Inoviridae genus Inovirus subdivision ranks Species subdivision F1 phage Enterobacteria phage f1 br Bacteriophage f1 is structurally classified as a class I filamentous phage , and is closely related to the other Ff phages, such as M13 and phage fd. ref name Bacteriophages Edited by Richard Calendar 2006 The Bacteriophages Oxford University Press, Oxford, NY ISBN 0 19 514850 9 ref ref name PMID10404600 Cite pmid 10404600 ref In the following article, genes will be written in italics and their associated proteins in Roman. Morphology Phage f1 is a filamentous rod shaped ssDNA phage, with a molecular mass of about 1.6x10 sup 7 sup Da by weight it is 11.3 percent DNA . ref name PMID7616570 Cite pmid 7616570 ref ref name PMID14065763 Cite pmid 14065763 ref The flexible phages are about 8500 850 nm long and 43 or 63 wide. ref name PMID14065763 The thousands of identical major coat protein s that make up the sheath are arranged in a fishcale like helix. ref name PMID21082179 Cite pmid 21082179 ref ref name PMID9631287 Cite pmid 9631287 ref The ends of the filament are sealed with protein caps the blunt end contains 3 5 copies of each VII and IX, while the terminally extruded bead like end contains about 5 copies each of III and VI. ref name Bacteriophages ref name PMID10404600 Genome Organization f1 has a circular, 6407 bp genome of ss DNA. ref name PMID6282703 Cite pmid 6282703 ref There are 11 genes encoded on the genome two are overlapping in frame genes. Five of the encoded proteins make up the viron , three are needed for synthesis and the rest are for assembly. ref name PMID9224870 Cite pmid 9224870 ref The genes are generally referred to by Roman numerals I XI, and are in the order II X , V, VII, IX, VIII, III, VI, I XI , IV, intergenic region IG or IGR . ref name Bacteriophages The IGR contains the packing signal PS as well as sequences that dictate termination, nicking for replication, and the binding of II and IHF. ref ... more details
Taxobox virus group ii ordo familia Inoviridae genus Inovirus subdivision ranks Species subdivision Enterobacteria phage M13 br M13 is a filamentous phage filamentous bacteriophage composed of circular single stranded DNA ssDNA which is 6407 nucleotides long encapsulated in approximately 2700 copies of the Phage major coat protein major coat protein P8 , and capped with 5 copies of two different minor coat proteins P9, P6, P3 on the ends. The minor coat protein P3 attaches to the receptor at the tip of the F pilus of the host Escherichia coli . Infection with filamentous phages is not lethal however, the infection causes turbid plaques in E. coli . It is a non lytic virus. However a decrease in the rate of cell growth is seen in the infected cells. M13 plasmids are used for many recombinant DNA processes, and the virus has also been studied for its uses in nanostructures and nanotechnology . Phage particles The phage coat is primarily assembled from a 50 amino acid protein called pVIII or p8 , which is encoded by gene VIII or g8 in the phage genome . For a wild type M13 particle, it takes approximately 2700 copies of p8 to make the coat about 900 nm long. The coat s dimensions are flexible though and the number of p8 copies adjusts to accommodate the size of the single stranded genome it packages. For example, when the phage genome was mutated to reduce its number of DNA bases from 6.4 kb to 221 bp http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov entrez query.fcgi?db pubmed&cmd Retrieve&dopt AbstractPlus&list uids 1469710&query hl 1&itool pubmed docsum , then the number of p8 copies was decreased to fewer than 100, causing the p8 coat to shrink in order to fit the reduced genome. The phage appear to be limited at approximately twice the natural DNA content. However, deletion of a phage protein p3 prevents full escape from the host E. coli , and phage that are 10 20X the normal length with several copies of the phage genome can be seen shedding from the E. coli host. There are four other ... more details
have circular genomes. The Inoviridae and Microviridae infect bacteria the Anelloviridae and Circoviridae ... Circoviridae Family Geminiviridae Family Inoviridae Family Microviridae Family Nanoviridae Family ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
