For information on computer file types , see File format For information relating to specific operating systems, see also Apple Computer Apple file types Macintosh OSType s Uniform type identifier Unix file types Windows file types For a list of filename extensions, see list of fileformats list of fileformats alphabetical For information on related concepts, see also file system extended attribute s disambig ... more details
force various file compression vendors to add support for the formats, and confuse future MacBinary versions. Mac OS X revived the use of AppleDouble on file systems such as NFS and WebDAV that don ...original research date April 2010 AppleSingle Format and AppleDouble Format are file format s developed by Apple Computer to store Mac OS resource fork dual forked files on the Unix filesystem being used in A UX , Apple s first Unix like operating system . AppleSingle combined both file forks and the related Macintosh Finder Finder meta file information into a single file, whereas AppleDouble stored them as two separate files. Support for the formats was later added to Unix software such as Network File System protocol NFS and Macintosh Application Environment MAE , but they saw little use outside this small market. AppleSingle is similar in concept to the more popular MacBinary format, in that the resource and data forks are combined together with a header containing the Finder information. In fact, the format is so similar there is no obvious reason why Apple did not simply use MacBinary instead, which by that point was widely known and used. Some not so obvious reasons are explained in http tools.ietf.org html draft newman macbin binhex harmful 00 http tools.ietf.org html draft newman ..., were combined into a second file. A MIME type was also assigned to AppleDouble, tt multipart appledouble tt . For sending to an AppleDouble un aware system, the file was generally encoded using Base64 ... in AppleDouble format, with the second file having a name generated by prepending . to the name of the first file thus, this information acts as a hidden file when viewed from a non Apple Unix based ... source tool for converting between different Macintosh file encodings. http search.cpan.org jflournoy ... files http support.apple.com kb TA20578 Mac OS X Apple Double Format Creates File Name With the Prefix ... Category Archive formats ja AppleSingle ... more details
and maintaining archive file s. The tables below compare many popular archive formats . Features .... See also List of archive formats Comparison of file archivers Comparison of file systems List of file ... use of archive formats was for backup, mobility, and archiving . Improved versions of archive formats ... be highly compressed and some kinds of data do not benefit from compression. Currently, archive formats ... character extension to identify the file type and use. Filename extensions must be unique for each type of file. Many operating systems identify a file s type from its contents without the need ... and efficient shorthand for identifying file types both for computer software, and for humans ... than is expected for magnetic media today. Many archive formats contain extra data embedded in the files ... files contain logic to detect errors. Recovery record Many archive formats contain redundant ... the data being stored or transferred from being read if intercepted, many archive formats include ... UNIX System V Unix System V ? Probably Original Archive partial , select formats only no no no 1 ... arbitrary typically 1 s Tar file format Tape Archive tar .tar Bell Labs 1975 Version 6 Unix ? Probably ... no no yes arbitrary typically 1 ns BagIt The Library of Congress 2007 file system Archive yes no no yes ... LZMA Compressed archive yes no yes , AES yes 1 ms maybe better? ACE file format ACE .ace Marcel ... Alarcos 2009 Original Compressed archive yes yes yes , AES and CAST yes ? ARC file format ARC ... no 2s ARJ .arj Robert Jung 1991 AR001 and AR002 Compressed archive yes yes yes no ? Cabinet file format ... signature no optional with SDK yes 2 s CFS Compact File Set file format Compact File Set ... yes yes 1 s DGCA Computing DGCA .dgc Shin ichi Tsuruta 2001 GCA file format GCA Compressed archive ... Recovery record Encryption supported Unicode filenames Modification Date Resolution LHA file format LHA also LZH .lzh, .lha Haruyasu Yoshizaki 1988 Frozen file format Frozen Compressed archive Only ... more details
these formats compete with each other. Fileformats can be divided into Proprietary format proprietary and open format s. Generality Some fileformats are designed for very particular sorts of data ... format images using lossless data compression . Other fileformats, however, are designed for storage ... for example as ASCII or Unicode , including possible control character s. Some fileformats, such as HTML ... formats, including some of the most well known fileformats, have a published specification document ... data in the format. Using fileformats without a publicly available specification can be costly ..., as a general rule, fileformats with publicly available specifications are supported by a large number ... copyright , is more often used to protect a file format. Although patents for fileformats are not directly ... various files, at least to be able to read foreign fileformats, if not work with them completely ... image fileformats store information about image size, resolution, color space format and optionally ... fileformats. Magic number see also Magic number programming One way to incorporate such metadata, often ... , depending upon the standard to which they adhere. Many file types, most especially plain text files ... of entity, such as fileformats. It was developed by Apple Computer Apple as a replacement for OSType ... exist in multiple hierarchies, which provides great flexibility. In addition to fileformats, UTIs can ..., it relies on other file forks to store meta information in Win32 specific formats. OS 2 extended ... and unambiguous identifiers for fileformats, which has been developed by The National Archives ... way to identify fileformats according to their origin and their file category. It was created for the Description ... standard number of the file, padded left with zeros. For example, the PNG file specification has the FFID of tt 000000001 31 0015948 tt where 31 indicates an image file, 0015948 is the standard ... usual ones are described below. Unstructured formats raw memory dumps Earlier fileformats ... more details
Refimprove date January 2008 Magic The Gathering formats are a number of different ways in which the Magic ... and gameplay. The The DCI Tournament Formats tournament formats officially sanctioned by The DCI fall into two categories, Constructed Formats Constructed and Limited Formats Limited . ref name SANC cite web title Sanctioned Formats url http www.wizards.com Magic TCG Resources.aspx?x mtg tcg resources formats sanctioned publisher Wizards of the Coast accessdate 9 November 2011 ref Constructed formats are those in which players may build their deck from all the available cards in the format and construct their deck prior to playing in the tournament. Limited formats on the other hand are those .... These formats require players to build their decks as part of the tournament, with time allotted for deck building. Sanctioned Constructed formats include Vintage Vintage , Legacy Legacy , Modern Modern , Extended Extended , StandardStandard , and Block Constructed Block Constructed . ref name SANC The two sanctioned Limited formats are Sealed Deck Sealed Deck and Booster Draft Booster Draft . ref name SANC A wide variety of other formats have been designed by players of the game for custom gameplay or cost reduction, these are known as casual formats. ref name CAS cite web title Casual Formats url http www.wizards.com Magic TCG Resources.aspx?x mtg tcg resources formats casual publisher ... rules that can be found across a variety of different sanctioned formats. These rules may also apply to casual formats. Constructed The following rules apply to all current sanctioned Constructed formats ref name RULES http www.wizards.com ContentResources Wizards WPN Main Documents Magic The Gathering .... Limited The following rules apply to all current sanctioned Limited formats ref name RULES Limited ... at least forty cards. Cards do not need to be exchanged on a one for one basis. Sanctioned Formats Constructed Formats Constructed formats, as opposed to Limited formats, allow players to build decks ... more details
17 IBM PC compatibles ref http support.microsoft.com kb 75131 Standard Floppy Disk Formats Supported ...Refimprove date August 2010 File floppy disk 2009 G1.jpg thumb 8 inch, frac 5 1 4 inch, and frac 3 1 2 inch floppy disks This is a list of different floppy disk formats. IBM 8 inch formats This is a list of 8 inch floppy disk ette formats as introduced by IBM . class wikitable bgcolor 808080 rowspan 3 Category bgcolor 808080 Drive designation bgcolor 808080 23FD bgcolor 808080 colspan 3 33FD bgcolor 808080 colspan 2 43FD bgcolor 808080 colspan 3 53FD bgcolor 808080 Media designation bgcolor 808080 N A read only bgcolor 808080 colspan 3 Type 1 bgcolor 808080 colspan 2 Type 2 bgcolor 808080 colspan 3 Type 2D bgcolor 808080 App. size bgcolor 808080 80 KB bgcolor 808080 242 KB bgcolor 808080 284 ... TPI Tracks per Inch BPI Bits per Inch DEC 8 inch formats Digital Equipment Corporation used the following formats on 8 inch disks class wikitable bgcolor 808080 rowspan 2 Category bgcolor 808080 Drive ... universally referred to in inch measurements, even in countries where SI metric is the standard, and even ... corphist documents doc 4407890383ae1.pdf Memorex 650 Flexible Disc File OEM Manual ref unformatted ... 850 8 inch DSDD align center 1977 align right 980 CP M br 1200 File Allocation Table MS DOS FAT align ... on the disk For 8 inch see Table of 8 inch floppy formats IBM 8 inch formats. Note that spare, hidden ... formats may get more or less capacity from the same drives and disks. Physical composition class wikitable ... in single double 77 48 300 Oe 1000 KB Known disk logical formats Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, many different logical disk formats were used, depending on the hardware platform. class wikitable Common floppy disk formats, logical characteristics by platform Platform Size Density Bytes sector ... places sectors too close together for a standard IBM PC compatible floppy disk controller to read ... rowspan 3 high 15 1200 KiB ref name fat12 rowspan 2 3mode ref The PC98 3 90 mm formats are also ... more details
Refimprove date August 2009 This is a comparison of data serialization file format format s , different ways to convert complex object computer science object s to sequences of bit s. It does not include markup language s used exclusively as document file format s. Overview class wikitable sortable Name Creator Maintainer Based on Standardized ? Specification Binary format Binary ? Human readable ? Includes Reference computer science reference support? ref stdrefs e Schema Interface description language IDL ? Standard API s ASN.1 ISO , International Electrotechnical Commission IEC , ITU T n a yes ISO IEC 8824 X.680 series of ITU T Recommendations yes br Basic Encoding Rules BER , Distinguished Encoding Rules DER , Packed Encoding Rules PER , or custom via Encoding Control Notation ECN yes br XML Encoding Rules XER , Generic String Encoding Rules GSER , or custom via Encoding Control Notation ECN partial ref asn1refs f yes built in n a Bencode BitTorrent, Inc. n a yes Part of http bittorrent.org beps bep 0003.html BitTorrent protocol specification partial Partially br numbers and delimiters are ASCII partial Partially no no no BSON MongoDB JSON yes http bsonspec.org BSON Specification ... in the same document. A tool may require the Interface description language IDL file, but no more ... identifier OIDs , a standard format for globally unique identifiers. However, there is no standard for marking tagging an arbitrary piece of data in a document with an OID. There is also no standard ... program code. Syntax comparison of human readable formats class wikitable Format Nullable type Null ... in and of itself is not a data serialization language, but many data serialization formats have been ... Draft, but is used by some dialects of Lisp programming language Lisp . Comparison of binary formats This table is meant to describe how the various datatypes are encoded in binary in the various formats ... Of Data Serialization Formats Category Data serialization formats Category Persistence ... more details
FIL file may refer to In Audit Command Language ACL , a Table Data file. In Application Generator , a File Template. In dBASE Application Generator, a Files List Object file. In Mirror computing , a file containing a saved File Allocation Table FAT , created by some DOS mirror programs. An Overlay programming file. A Symbian Application Logo File, containing bitmap images used for application icons. disambig Category Computer fileformats ... more details
WAPI is an abbreviation for Workflow APIs and Interchange Formats, published by the Workflow Management Coalition , and incorporating specifications to enable interoperability between different components of workflow management system s and applications. ref Workflow Management Coalition http www.wfmc.org Download document WFMC TC 1011 Ver 3 Terminology and Glossary English.html WFMC TC 1011 Terminology and Glossary . Issue 3.0, February 1999. ref WAPI includes A range of API calls to support functions between a workflow engine and applications or other system components Interchange formats and protocols to support interoperability between different workflow engines Formats for the exchange of information such as process definitions and audit data between a workflow engine and other external repositories. Synonyms Workflow APIs Workflow Management System APIs References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Workflow Apis And Interchange Formats Category Management ... more details
to half of a page or one third of a page. Collectors call these formats halfs and thirds . Only ... stories still appear in newspapers today, but in half page or smaller formats. Only a few books have ... drop strips, they often reduced the size. Beginning about this time, the half page became the standard ... drew, and the artists were forced into increasingly restrictive formats to make dropping panels ... by comic strip collectors and dealers to describe one of the formats in which Sunday strips appear ... six quarters into a single page. Other formats As newspapers print fewer and fewer pages in the Sunday ... becoming narrower , a variety of other formats have been introduced over the years, including formats ... more details
. Notes Refs Category Electronic design automation Category EDA fileformats it Touchstone ...A Touchstone file was originally a proprietary file format for the eponymous frequency domain linear circuit simulator ref cite web url http www.microwaves101.com encyclopedia historyCAD.cfm touchstone title History of EEsof and Touchstone at Microwaves 101 ref from EEsof , launched in 1984 and now owned by Agilent Technologies . The Touchstone simulator has long since been superseded ref cite web url http www.home.agilent.com agilent redirector.jspx?action ref&cname PRODUCT&ckey 1385381&cc US&lc eng title W2200 Advanced Design System ADS Core ref , but its file format lives on. A Touchstone file also known as an SnP file after its set of file extensions ref .S1P for one port e.g. termination , .S2P for two port e.g. transmission line , .S3P for three port e.g. a mixer , .S4P for four port e.g. a differential transmission line and so on. ref is an ASCII text file used for documenting the n port Scattering parameters network parameter data and noise data of linear active devices, passive filters, passive devices, or interconnect networks. An example of the format of the S parameter section is given in the article about S parameter s. In addition to S parameters, other representations such as Y parameter s and Z parameter s can be recorded. It later became a De facto Standards de facto industry standardfile format not only for circuit simulators but also for measurement equipment ... Industries Alliance EIA standard as part of the Input output Buffer Information Specification IBIS ... touchstone ver2.0 touchstone ver2 0.pdf title Touchstone File Format Specification Version 2.0 format ... ibis connector touchstone spec11.pdf title Touchstone File Format Specification Rev 1.1 format Portable ... permits per port definition of the reference environment. Several further enhancements to the file ... the P2D and S2D pair of formats ref cite web url http www.home.agilent.com agilent redirector.jspx ... more details
File Format AIFF 1985 Sound Designer by Digidesign 1986 High Definition Compatible Digital HDCD ... s MP3 on microSD or microSDHC Blu spec CD Digital. PCM See also Audio data compression Audio file format ... formats Music technology DEFAULTSORT Audio Format Category Audio storage Category Audio format converters ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE FILE ID.DIZ Unreferenced date January 2008 FILE ID.DIZ is a plain text file containing a brief content description of the archive formats archive in which it is included. It was originally used in archives distributed through bulletin board system s BBS . Bulletin boards commonly accept uploaded files from their users. The BBS software would prompt the user to supply a description for the uploaded file, but these descriptions were often less than useful. BBS system operators spent many hours going over the upload descriptions correcting and editing the descriptions. The tt FILE ID.DIZ tt inclusion in archives was designed to address this problem. tt FILE ID tt stands for file identification . tt DIZ tt stands for D escription I n Z ipfile . In addition, when written in lowercase and viewed upside down or rotated 180 degrees, the diz file extension looks like zip . Clark Development and the Association of Shareware Professionals supported the idea of this becoming a standard for file descriptions. Clark rewrote the PCBDescribe program and included it with their PCBoard BBS software. The ASP urged their members to use this description file format in their distributions. Mr. Leavitt released the file specification and his PCBDescribe program source code to the public domain and urged other BBS software companies to support the DIZ file. Traditionally, a FILE ID.DIZ should be up to 10 lines of text, each line being no more than 45 characters long. according to the specification ... to make use of the FILE ID.DIZ specification, the author did not anticipate or approve others claiming ... operators and the online community. By preserving the purpose of the FILE ID.DIZ file, the maximum number of people will benefit. See also .nfo &mdash another standard for description files README ... www.textfiles.com computers fileid.txt FILE ID.DIZ Specification v1.9 by Richard Holler. compsci stub Category Bulletin board systems Category Files Category Warez fr FILE ID.DIZ ro FILE ID.DIZ ru FILE ... more details
file . Formats ASCII The ASCII standard allows ASCII only text files unlike most other file types ... with other fileformats, such as endianness , padding bytes, or differences in the number of bytes in a Word data type machine word . Further, when data corruption occurs in a text file, it is often .... .TEXT .text is an alternative file extension for the same format. Standard Windows .txt files MS ... render the plain text unseen by a particular method. See also List of fileformatsFile extensions ... wiki?PowerOfPlainText C2 the Power of Plain Text Category Computer fileformats Category Computer ... of a Comma separated values CSV formatted text file . A text file sometimes spelled textfile an old alternate name is flatfile is a kind of computer file that is structured as a sequence of line text file lines of electronic text . A text file exists within a computer file system . The end of a text file is often denoted by placing one or more special characters, known as an end of file marker, after the last line in a text file. Text file refers to a type of container, while plain text refers ... more storage than is strictly necessary. A simple text file needs no additional metadata to assist .... Prior to the advent of Mac OS X , the Mac OS system regarded the content of a file the data fork to be a text file when its resource fork indicated that the type of the file was TEXT . Under the Microsoft Windows operating system, a file is regarded as a text file if the suffix of the name of the file the Filename extension extension is txt . However, many other suffixes are used for text ... files that have file name suffixes indicating the programming language in which the source is written. .TXT .txt is a file format for files consisting of text usually containing very little formatting ... assumed to be the default file format in many situations. For accented and other non ASCII characters ... to create a common standard for representing all known languages, and most known character ... more details
were historically limited in the set of moving image formats they could transmit and present. PAL SECAM ... ever ran at true 60.000 Hz. The US HDTV standard supports both true 60 Hz and 59.94 Hz the latter ... world Digital video is free of many of the limitations of analog transmission formats and presentation ... compression formats are able to encode moving image sequences in their original aspect ratio s, resolution ... compressed video formats that employ motion analysis help to mitigate the incompatibilities among the various video formats used around the world. At the receiving end, a digital display is free to independently ... of vertical refresh rates from 50 to 72 Hz, or from 96 to 120 Hz, so that it can display all standard ... of TV, Video & PC TV resolution Video formats Category Video formats Category Television technology ... more details
Reflectors File Reflectorlamp.gif thumb Cross section of a typical fluorescent lamp with and without ... is more efficient than standard external reflectors. Another example is color matched aperture ... number usually being 9 29 mm for standard fixtures. Colors Color is usually indicated ..., commonly used in nightclubs. Other non standard designations apply for plant light s or grow light ... test in a warehouse scenario, using a standard T5 lighting system as a replacement to a metal halide ... References references DEFAULTSORT Fluorescent Lamp Formats Category Gas discharge lamps ... more details
T standard from 1988 G.711 Appendix II 02 00 Free Free various proprietary VoIP software yes FFmpeg ... audio market, though many other formats are comparably well suited to fill this role from a purely ... and Windows Media Audio DivX Audio v1 and DivX Audio v2 formats. This enables their use on any POSIX ... Support for Audio Compression Formats Audio compression data Audio compression format Audio Compression ... Technical Details of Lossy Audio Compression Formats Audio compression data Audio compression format ... Windows Media Audio Windows Media Audio Standard Modified discrete cosine transform MDCT 8, 11.025 ... align center Technical Details of Lossless Audio Compression Formats Audio compression data Audio ... text align center Technical Details of ITU T Audio Compression Formats Audio compression data Audio ... of container formats Notes & references reflist colwidth 30em External links http www.extremetech.com ...?title Lossless comparison Hydrogenaudio comparison of lossless formats Tsabary, Eldad. http cec.concordia.ca ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 The Association of Synchronous Data Formats ASDF was created in 1988 by the National Science Foundation to promote the usage of high end synchronous data transmission technology for both intranet and internet solutions. The National Science Foundation is a United States government agency that supports fundamental research and education in all the non medical fields of science and engineering. See also Portal Computer Science div col 2 Computer Computing Computer Science Data transmission Asynchronous and synchronous data transmission Asynchronous and synchronous data transmission div col end External links http www.asdf.org ASDF.org Comp eng stub Category Computer science organizations ... more details
primary sources date September 2011 Infobox Software name GNOME title File Roller logo Image File roller.svg screenshot Image File roller 2.32.1 displaying the contents of an archive of itself.png 250px caption File Roller running on Ubuntu operating system Ubuntu 10.10 frequently updated Don t edit ... language C operating system Unix like genre File archiver license GNU General Public License GNU GPL website http fileroller.sourceforge.net fileroller.sf.net File Roller is the archive manager of the GNOME desktop environment . Features File Roller Archive Manager can Create and modify archives. View the content of an archive. View a file contained in the archive. Extract files from the archive. FileFormatsFile Roller supports the following fileformats Note Backend programs are needed. File Roller is only a frontend. ref name features http fileroller.sourceforge.net features.html File Roller ..., .dll lzip .tar.lz , .tlz Lempel Ziv Oberhumer LZO .tar.lzo , .tzo JAR file format JAR archives .jar , .ear , .war LHA file format LHA archives .lzh RAR archives .rar StuffIt archives .bin, .sit tar file format tar ZIP file format ZIP archives .zip Zoo file format Zoo archives .zoo Single files compressed with gzip, bzip, bzip2, compress, lzip, LZO ISO image s .iso read only Deb file format DEB ... various formats 7z, rar, etc. with the appropriate plugins, it doesn t give the option to compress using ... many other utilities. This can be set however using gconf editor . See also Comparison of archive formats Comparison of file archivers References reflist External links official http fileroller.sourceforge.net http library.gnome.org users file roller Manuals http ftp.gnome.org pub GNOME sources file ... compression software Category Free software programmed in C ar ast File Roller de File Roller es File Roller fr File Roller ko it File Roller nl File Roller ja File Roller pl File Roller pt File Roller ru File Roller ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 music stub Bagad biniou , bombarde s and snare drums . Choro two guitars and cavaquinho, later picking up the bandolim, the clarinet and the flute. Music of Kabylia Kabylian traditional music folk ensembles in Kabylia, Algeria , consist of a rhythm section with t bel t bel tambourine and bendir frame drum , and a melody section, consisting of a ghaita bagpipe and ajouag flute . Takht music Takht Arab orchestral ensemble found in Egypt, Lebanon, Jordan and Syria, consisting of a qanun , ud ud , Arabian kamanjah sometimes paired , riqq , darabukkah and ney . Klezmer genre played by groups consisting of first violin, a contra violin, a cimbalom, a bass or cello, and sometimes a flute. The melody is generally assigned to the lead violin, while the remainder providing harmony, rhythm and some counterpoint the latter usually coming from the second violin . Klezmer percussion tends to be minimal, no more than a woodblock or snare drum. Limeni bleh orkestar also called Banda is a folk ensemble in ex Yugoslavian countries. Banda consists from 7 to 11 members 2 3 flugelhorn, 2 3 bass flugelhorn, bass helicon, tuba, big drum with cymbal, and sometimes snare, clarinet, trombone and saxophone are joined. Tambura ki ansambl folk ensemble in Northern Serbia Vojvodina, Eastern Croatia and Southern Hungary. Original ensemble consists from 3 to 5 members, although there are bigger ones which have 11 and more members. Instruments in the ensemble are bisernica prim little tambura , bra bassprim big tambura , bugarija contra simillar to guitar and bege bass . Sometimes violin was in ensemble instead of bisernica . Category Music related lists Musical ensemble formats Category Musical groups Formats ... more details
. Viewers for such formats are named players. But the essence is the same presenting file contents ... loudspeakers . And the same consideration of different fileformats is present. Examples Plain Text ...A file viewer is application software that presents the data stored in a computer file in a human friendly form. The file contents are generally displayed on the display device screen , or they may be computer printer printed . Also, they may be read aloud using speech synthesis . Overview File viewers do not edit files, yet it is common for them to be able to save data in a different file format , or to copy information from the viewed file to the system wide clipboard . File viewers have to have sufficient knowledge about the file format format of the file to be viewed. Even plain text files are not so simple file viewers may have to handle different code page s and newline styles. A fundamental type of file viewer are filter Unix filter s that translate binary files into plain text one example ... may be lost. Disassembler s also fall in this category. Another common type of file viewer is a picture viewer that can display graphics file format picture files of various formats . Common features here are thumbnail preview and creation, and image zooming. For more complex or proprietary fileformats, file viewers are usually provided by the same companies that make the editing software using those formats viewers may be distributed free of charge, while editors have to be bought . A file viewer is limited functionality software in the sense that it does not have a capability to create a file ... it a more attractive solution. There are many products that can qualify as a file viewer Microsoft Word ... browser is a type of file viewer, which translates, or renders, the HTML markups into a human friendly presentation. Although HTML is plain text, viewing an HTML file in a browser and in a text editor produces significantly different results. Although web browsers are arguably the best file viewer ... more details
The INI fileFile format format is an informal standard for configuration file s for some platform computing platform s or software. INI files are simple text file s with a Format basic structure composed of sections and Key value pair properties . They are a deprecated standard on the Microsoft Windows Windows operating system. The use of the INI file has been changed in Windows in favor of the Windows Registry registry , and deprecated in .NET in favor of XML .config files. The name INI file comes ... levels and nesting, and has standard mechanisms for encoding binary file binary data . INI files are typically ... alternative formats can nest arbitrarily, but have a more heavyweight syntax than the INI file ... marm.homepage.t online.de INI Parser written in Objective C Categories Category Computer fileformats ... a different file extension will be used instead of .ini, such as TT .CFG TT , TT .conf TT , or TT .TXT TT . Format Properties The basic element contained in an INI file is the property . Every property ... of the file. Sections may not be nested. source lang ini section source Comments Semicolon s tt tt ... file format is not well defined. Many Computer program programs support features beyond the basics ..., as if they occurred contiguously. Others may abort, or ignore some aspect of the INI file. Escape ... actual line from the INI file. Implementation of various special characters with sequences escapes ... P V tt the IBM Windows driver file tt devlist.ini tt , or tt A tt and tt B,C,P V tt Microsoft Visual Studio file tt AEMANAGR.INI tt . It is unclear whether these are simply naming conventions that an application happens to use in order to give the appearance of a hierarchy, or whether the file is being ... of special characters equals, semicolon, etc. . The standard Windows function http msdn2.microsoft.com ... and the order of sections in a file is irrelevant, but implementations may vary. Example Following is an example INI file for an imaginary program. It has two sections, one for the owner of the software ... more details
Storage Technology Corporation , or StorageTek , has created several magnetic tape data storage formats . These are commonly used with large computer systems, typically in conjunction with a robotic tape library . The most recent format is the T10000. StorageTek has primarily competed with IBM in this market, and it continues to do so after its acquisition by Sun Microsystems in 2005 and again by Oracle Corporation Oracle in 2009. Cartridge formats Most but not all modern tape cartridges are 1 2 format tape, first popularized by the IBM 3480 and DEC DLT formats. This is a small, rectangular and easily handled tape cartridge compared to the previously common 7 track and 9 track round tape reels. This form factor has proven to be work well with stand alone drives and for use in automated tape libraries. Nearly all 1 2 tape formats today are a single hub design, whereby the tape is wound onto a single hub, entirely within the external shell and presents one end for the tape drive to engage and thread into the tape drive for reading or writing. The mechanical design of this loading mechanism varies between different types of tape media and is a common source of failures. Usually the tape cartridge incorporates a switch that can be set to permit or forbid writing of data to the tape. It is very common for the tape cartridge to be identified by an external label or sticker, which is normally both in human readable characters such as AB1023 and also in bar code , to be read by devices in an automated library. At the end of the tape, the drive reversed the direction of tape motion, moved the read and write heads slightly vertically across the tape, and continued to write or read more data until the beginning of the tape was reached. This process could be repeated many times, laying ... t10000c tape drive 292151.html These tape formats are popular in mainframe environments. ref name ... tape cartridge capable of storing 5 TB of data natively. References reflist Magnetic tape data formats ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Infobox file format name Drawn File icon extension tt .drw tt mime owner typecode genre container for contained by extended from extended to A drawn file is a type of file used to preserve image drawings and keep detail very well but does not keep color well at all. The filename extension for this is .drawn, .drawing, or, for computers that only support three letter extensions, .drw. Programs According to FileInfo.net ref http www.fileinfo.net extension drw ref files with a .drw extension can be opened by the following programs Mac OS Apple AppleWorks Windows Microsoft Picture It CorelDRAW Corel Paint Shop Pro References Reflist Category Graphics fileformats graphics software stub ... more details
List of fileformats and so on . Even when extensions are used in a computer system, the degree ... and disadvantages. Standard FAT allows only eight character file names plus a three character ...About computer files and file systems in general terms a more detailed and technical article File system refimprove date June 2009 A computer file is a block of arbitrary information, or resource for storing ... computer storage storage . A file is durable in the sense that it remains available for programs ... , and this is the source of the term. History File PunchCardDecks.agr.jpg right thumb A punched card fileFile BRL61 IBM 305 RAMAC.jpeg right thumb The twin Hard disk drive hard drives of an IBM 305 system The word file was used publicly in the context of computer storage as early as February, 1950 ... can be kept on file and taken out again. Such a file now exists in a memory tube developed ... file was used in referring to information stored on punched card s. ref Robert S. Casey, et al ... the underlying hardware rather than the contents as the file. For example, the IBM 350 disk drives ... Time Sharing System introduced the concept of a file system, which managed several virtual files on one storage device, giving the term its present day meaning. File names in CTSS had two parts, a user readable primary name and a secondary name indicating the file type. ref Fernando J. Corbat ... today, including Microsoft Windows . Although the current term register file shows the early concept of files, it has largely disappeared. File contents On most modern operating systems , files are organized into one dimensional arrays of byte s. The file format format of a file is defined by its content since a file is solely a container for data, although, on some platforms the format is usually indicated by its file extension, specifying the rules for how the bytes must be organized and interpreted meaningfully. For example, the bytes of a plain text file tt .txt tt in Windows are associated ... more details
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