Intermetallics or intermetallic compounds is a term that is used in a number of different ways. Most commonly it refers to solid state phases involving metal s. There is a research definition adhered to generally in scientific publications, and a wider common use term. There is also a completely different use in coordination chemistry , where it has been used to refer to complexes containing two or more different metals. Although the term intermetallic compounds , as it applies to solid phases, has been in use for many years, its introduction was regretted, for example by Hume Rothery in 1955. ref Electrons, atoms, metals and alloys W. Hume Rothery Publisher The Louis Cassier Co. Ltd 1955 ref ... . Intermetallics involving two or more metallic elements Intermetallic compounds are generally brittle ... ionic bond ionic bonding, respectively. Intermetallics have given rise to various novel materials ... alloy s. Silicide s, intermetallics involving silicon, involving many of the elements have been studied ... s which are alloys of intermetallics Ag sub 3 sub Sn and Cu sub 3 sub Sn Semiconductor device Gate ... glass es are a recent elaboration of the concept of intermetallic materials. The formation of intermetallics can cause problems. Gold aluminium intermetallic Intermetallics of gold and aluminium ... plague . Au sub 5 sub Al sub 2 sub is known as white plague . History Examples of intermetallics ... compound or an alloy of one. References Intermetallics, Wiley VCH, Weinheim 1995, 165 pages http www.mrw.interscience.wiley.com emrw 9783527306732 ueic article e14 e01 current pdf Intermetallics , Gerhard ... description Intermetallics , scientific journal http nepp.nasa.gov wirebond intermetallic creation ... Goddard Space Flight Center. http www.spaceflight.esa.int impress IMPRESS Intermetallics project IMPRESS Intermetallics project at the European Space Agency http www.ameslab.gov mpc video Video of an AB sub 5 sub intermetallic compound solidifying freezing Category Intermetallics cs Intermetalick ... more details
similar to and often confused with Kirkendall voiding. All problems caused by gold aluminium intermetallics .....411J&link type ARTICLE&db key AST&high Harvard Gold Aluminium Intermetallics Category Corrosion Category Gold Category Aluminium compounds Category Integrated circuits Category Intermetallics ... more details
Magnesium aluminide is an intermetallic compound of magnesium and aluminium . Common phases molecular structures include the beta phase Mg sub 2 sub Al sub 3 sub and the gamma phase Mg sub 17 sub Al sub 12 sub , which both have cubic crystal system cubic crystal structures. Magnesium aluminides are important constituents of 5XXX aluminium alloys aluminium magnesium and magnesium aluminium alloys, determining many of their engineering properties. MgAl has also been investigated for use as a reactant to produce metal hydride s in hydrogen storage technology. Like many intermetallics, MgAl compounds often have unusual stoichiometry stoichiometries with large and complex crystal structure unit cells . References cite journal journal Intermetallics volume 11 pages 373 376 year 2003 title Extended Homogeneity Range of Intermetallic Phases in Mechanically Alloyed Mg Al Alloys author D. Singh, C. Suryanarayana, L. Mertus, and R H. Chen doi 10.1016 S0966 9795 03 00005 0 inorganic compound stub Magnesium compounds Category Alloys Category Aluminides Category Magnesium compounds ... more details
White plague can refer to The British Empire British colonization of non Caucasian parts of the world. Any epidemic disease that makes the patients appear pale, especially tuberculosis during the 19th and early 20th century. The White Plague , a 1982 science fiction novel by Frank Herbert featuring a bioengineered plague that kills females. The White Disease Czech B l nemoc , a 1937 play by Karel Capek. In microelectronics, a white gold aluminium intermetallics gold aluminium intermetallic compound that degrades wire bonding between gold and aluminum A disease caused by Aurantimonadaceae Aurantimonas coralicida bacteria, affecting and killing corals during summer. The sub replacement fertility phenomenon, the decline in some nations of birthrates. See also Black plague Purple plague Red plague disambiguation disambig ... more details
Beryllide is an intermetallic compound of beryllium with other metals, e.g. zirconium , tantalum , titanium , nickel , or cobalt . Beryllides of cobalt and nickel have Metallurgy metallurgical importance as the precipitated phase in beryllium copper alloy s. In nuclear technology , beryllides are investigated as neutron multipliers. Iron beryllide FeBe sub 5 sub fibers in iron aluminide matrix are investigated as a composite material . External links http sbir.nasa.gov SBIR abstracts 90.html http adsabs.harvard.edu cgi bin nph bib query?bibcode 2004JNuM..329..112K& db key PHY& data type HTML& format alloy stub Category Beryllium compounds Category Intermetallics ... more details
Titanium aluminide , Titanium Ti Aluminium Al , is an intermetallics intermetallic chemical compound . It is lightweight and resistant to oxidation and heat, however it suffers from low ductility . The density of phase transformations in solids gamma TiAl is about 4.0 g cm . It finds use in several applications including automobiles and aircraft. The development of TiAl based alloys began about 1970 however the alloys have only been used in these applications since about 2000. Titanium aluminide has three major intermetallic compounds gamma TiAl, alpha 2 Ti sub 3 sub Al and TiAl sub 3 sub . Among the three, gamma TiAl has received the most interest and applications. Gamma TiAl has excellent mechanical properties and oxidation and corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures over 600 degrees Celsius , which makes it a possible replacement for traditional Ni based superalloy components in aircraft turbine engines. TiAl based alloys have a strong potential to increase the thrust to weight ratio in the aircraft engine. This is especially the case with the engine s low pressure turbine blades and the high pressure compressor blades. These are traditionally made up of Ni based superalloy, which is nearly twice as dense as TiAl based alloys. General Electric has recently announced that gamma TiAl low pressure turbine blades will be used on its General Electric GEnx GEnx engine, which powers the Boeing 787 and Boeing 747 8 aircraft. This is the first large scale use of this material on a commercial jet engine. The TiAl LPT blades are cast by Precision Castparts Corp. and it Avio azienda Avio s.p.a. External links http ntrs.nasa.gov archive nasa casi.ntrs.nasa.gov 19990047462 1999064367.pdf ...?ArticleID 1548 Titanium Aluminides Intermetallics on azom.com. http www.flightglobal.com Articles ... Intermetallics volume 9 issue 12 pages 997 1001 doi 10.1016 S0966 9795 01 00064 4 year 2001 title ... P rez Prado, Mar a Teresa year 2004 Category Aluminides Category Titanium alloys Category Intermetallics ... more details
Infobox scientist name Friedrich Heusler image image size caption birth date February 1, 1866 birth place Dillenburg , Germany residence Image Flag of Germany.svg 20px Germany nationality Image Flag of Germany.svg 20px Germany German death date 1947 death place field inorganic chemistry work institution University of G ttingen , br Isabellenh tte Heusler alma mater University of Berlin , br University of Bonn doctoral advisor doctoral students known for prizes religion footnotes Friedrich Heusler 1866, Dillenburg &ndash 1947 was a Germany German mining engineering mining engineer and chemist . He discovered a special group of intermetallics now known as Heusler alloy Heusler phases , which are ferromagnetic though the constituting elements are not ferromagnetic. Biography He was born as son of Conrad Heusler the owner of the Isabellenh tte Dillenburg , a non ferrous metal works. He studied at the University of Bonn and University of Berlin and was awarded with his Ph.D in 1877 in Berlin. After working at the University of G ttingen he did his habilitation in Berlin 1894. In 1901 he discovered the ferromagnetic intermetallics , now known as Heusler alloy Heusler phases , and did some research in collaboration with the University of Marburg . Due to patent controversies it took until 1903 for the publication of the results. From 1902 he was head of the Isabellenh tte. References F. Heusler Verh. Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft 5 1903 , S. 219 ff. cite journal author title Personal und Hochschulnachrichten Heusler 70th journal Angewandte Chemie year 1936 volume 49 issue 12 pages 214 214 doi 10.1002 ange.19360491216 http web.uni marburg.de zv news archiv muj9 MUJ09 pdf 43.pdf 100 Jahre Heuslersche Legierungen from University of Marburg Persondata NAME Heusler, Friedrich ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH February 1, 1866 PLACE OF BIRTH Dillenburg , Germany DATE OF DEATH 1947 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Heusler, Friedrich Category 1866 births Category 1 ... more details
Expert subject Technology date November 2008 Complex metallic alloys CMA s are intermetallics intermetallic compounds characterized by the following structural features large unit cell s, comprising some tens up to thousands of atoms, the presence of well defined atom cluster physics clusters , frequently of icosahedral point group symmetry , the occurrence of inherent disorder in the ideal structure. Research Most physical properties of CMAs show distinct differences with respect to the behaviour of normal metallic alloys and therefore these materials possess a high potential for technological application. Since 2005, the European Commission is funding the Network of Excellence CMA http www.cma ecnoe.org , which unites 19 core groups in 12 countries. Examples Example Phase matter phases are Aluminium Al Magnesium Mg 1168 atoms per unit cell, face centred Cubic crystal system cubic , atoms arranged in Friauf polyhedron polyhedra . Al Palladium Pd Manganese Mn 318 atoms per unit cell, face centred Orthorhombic crystal system orthorhombic , atoms arranged in Mackay type clusters. T Mg Al Zinc Zn Bergman phase 163 atoms per unit cell, body centred cubic, atoms arranged in Bergman clusters. T Al sub 3 sub Mn Taylor phase 204 atoms per unit cell, face centred orthorohombic, atoms arranged in Mackay type clusters. Further reading cite journal last Urban first Knut coauthors Feuerbacher, M. title Structurally complex alloy phases journal Journal of Non Crystalline Solids volume 334 335 pages 143 150 publisher Elsevier B.V. date 2004 03 15 doi 10.1016 j.jnoncrysol.2003.11.029 External links http www.cma ecnoe.net EC Network of Excellence Complex Metallic Alloys Category Intermetallics chemistry stub ... more details
Grenoble High Magnetic Field Laboratory , published in August, 2005 s issue of Science , that uranium rhodium germanium URhGe is the first discovered metal that becomes superconducting in the presence of an extremely strong electromagnetic field . Very unlike other superconducting materials, whose superconducting properties can be lost due to strong magnetic fields, uranium rhodium germanium actually regains superconducting abilities at about 8 tesla unit teslas . Process URhGe s critical temperature T sub c sub is normally about 280 millikelvin s. The Grenoble team in France , headed by Andrew D. Huxley , first cooled down the sample below its critical temperature and raised the magnetic field to 2 T. As expected, the sample s superconducting properties vanished. However, when the team raised the magnetic field to 8 T, the superconducting behavior continued. The critical temperature at that field strength increased to about 400 millikelvins. The sample retained the superconducting state until 13 T. They also found that at 12 T, the URhGe sample experienced a magnetic phase transition . External links http www.sciencemag.org cgi content abstract 309 5739 1343 Science article in which it was published Category Intermetallics Category Superconductors Category Alloys Category Uranium Category Germanium compounds alloy stub fr Uranium rhodium germanium ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date February 2009 The hot chamber zinc alloy Superloy allows the production of thin walled die castings with excellent tolerances. The alloy s mechanical properties also show advantages over traditional zinc alloys for die casting. Metallurgy This alloy shows excellent creep resistance properties due to its special chemical composition zinc with 6.6 to 7.2 aluminium Al and 3.0 to 3.6 copper Cu . In the ternary diagram, Superloy is situated close to the eutectic point. Although the alloy is composed of two elements with a higher melting point, the solidify temperature is smaller than that of e.g. ZL5. Uses There are varied uses of Superloy. Superloy is a suitable material for a compromise between thinwalled structure and high mechanical properties demand. It enables designers to design zinc alloy parts that could not be made out of other materials due to different parameters such as casting techniques, mechanical and physical conditions . Moreover, Superloy is an ideal casting alloy for electronic parts, connectors, adapters and small precision parts. See also List of alloys Intermetallics Zinc aluminum ZAMAK Category Zinc alloys Alloy stub de Superloy ... more details
Laves phases are intermetallic phase matter phases that have composition AB sub 2 sub and are named for Fritz Laves who first described them. The phases are classified on the basis of geometry alone. There are three different classification classes cube cubic MgCu sub 2 sub C15 , hexagonal MgZn sub 2 sub C14 , and hexagonal MgNi sub 2 sub C36 . The latter two classes are unique forms of the hexagonal arrangement, but share the same basic structure. In general, the A atoms are ordered as in diamond, hexagonal diamond, or a related structure, and the B atoms form tetrahedra around the A atoms for the AB sub 2 sub structure. ref http cst www.nrl.navy.mil lattice struk laves.html, Accessed on 2009 2 26. ref Laves phases are of particular interest in modern metallurgy research because of their abnormal physical and chemical properties. Many hypothetical or primitive applications have been developed. However, little practical knowledge has been elucidated from Laves phase study so far. A characteristic feature is the almost perfect electrical conductivity, but they are not plastically deformable at room temperature. References reflist Category Intermetallics de Laves Phasen ja ru sk Lavesove f zy ... more details
interest was the synthesis and characterization of Intermetallics intermetallic compounds of the Rare ... of China China . He was the author of Rare Earth Intermetallics Academic Press , 1973 . He is credited ... of the Rare Earths and Rare Earth Intermetallics , J. Appl. Phys. 49 , 1486 1491 1978 . S.G. ... more details
The Hume Rothery rules , named after William Hume Rothery , are a set of basic rules describing the conditions under which an element could dissolve in a metal , forming a solid solution . There are two sets of rules, one which refers to substitutional solid solutions, and another which refers to Interstitial defect interstitial solid solutions. Substitutional Solid Solution Rules For substitutional solid solutions, the Hume Rothery rules are 1. The Atomic radius atomic radii of the solute and solvent atoms must differ by no more than 15 math mbox difference left frac r solute r solvent r solvent right 100 le 15 . math 2. The crystal structure s of solute and solvent must match. 3. Complete solubility occurs when the solvent and solute have the same Valence chemistry valency . ref Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering , 4th ed., W. Smith and J. Hashemi, pp.139 140 2006 . ref A metal will dissolve a metal of higher valency to a greater extent than one of lower valency. 4. The solute and solvent should have similar electronegativity . If the electronegativity difference is too great, the metals will tend to form Intermetallics intermetallic compounds instead of solid solutions. Interstitial Solid Solution Rules For Interstitial defect interstitial solid solutions, the Hume Rothery rules are 1. Solute atoms must be smaller than the interstitial sites in the solvent lattice. 2. The solute and solvent should have similar electronegativity . ref cite encyclopedia title Hume Rothery Rules encyclopedia Van Nostrand s Scientific Encyclopedia publisher John Wiley & Sons, Inc year 2002 ref Notes reflist References cite web last Bhadeshia first H. K. D. H. authorlink Harry Bhadeshia title Solid Solutions The Hume Rothery Rules url http www.msm.cam.ac.uk phase trans 2004 titanium hume.rothery.html accessdate 2007 11 24 Further reading Cite book last Mizutani first Uichiro title Hume Rothery Rules for Structurally Complex Alloy Phases publisher Taylor & Francis date 20 ... more details
OAO ompozit Open Joint Stock Company Kompozit lang ru is a company in the field of materials science , famous for its role in several spacecraft and rocket projects. It is based in Korolyov city Korolyov , Moscow Oblast . Overview OAO Kompozit carries out research, experimentation, development and production of materials for advanced and general applications. Its products include aluminum , beryllium , titanium titan , nickel alloy s intermetallics , constructional steel s, carbon carbon and ceramic matrix composites, metal matrix composites reinforced with boric and carbon fiber s, constructional glass , organic and carbon fibers plastics , coverings, glue s, chemical compound compound s and enamel paint enamels . ref name iasp cite web url http www.makd.ru members.asp?id 50 title JSC Kompozit publisher International Association of Space Activities Participants accessdate 2009 09 18 ref The company has been involved in several spacecraft programs, such as Salyut program Salyut , Soyuz spacecraft Soyuz , Proton , Mir , Energiya Buran , Sojuz Apollon , Vega , Phobos program Fobos and the International Space Station . ref name maks2009 cite news url http www.roscosmos.ru NewsDoSele.asp?NEWSID 7103 title MAKS 2009 Participants JSC KOMPOZIT date 2009 08 19 publisher Roscosmos accessdate 2009 09 18 Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ref It has also delivered some elements of the beryllium ion guide of CERN s Large Hadron Collider in Switzerland . ref name external cite web url http kompozit mv.ru eng about activity title External economic activities publisher OAO Kompozit accessdate 2009 09 18 ref History OAO Kompozit s history dates back to 1947, when it was founded as the material science department of plant No 88. It later beceme a branch of the material science research institute 88. In 1975 the separate organization Central material science research institute under the General Engineering Ministry of the USSR was created. In 1987 it was reorganize ... more details
gold plating and form brittle intermetallics. Sn60Pb40 solder oxidizes on the surface, forming a complex ... melting range of 211 215 C . Tin based solders readily dissolve gold, forming brittle intermetallics ... a choice, though their wettability is poorer. If the soldering time is long enough to form the intermetallics ... intermetallics tend to be formed, and the joint then fails in the gold depleted zone and the gold ... more details
brittle intermetallics . When eutectic point eutectic 63 tin &ndash 37 lead solder is used, no lead ... intermetallic reactions can proceed in the solid state as the tin and gold atoms cross migrate. Intermetallics ... more details
electricity ferromagnetism G. Sauthoff Intermetallics, Wiley VCH, Weinheim 1995, S. 83 u. 90. cite ... Copper and compounds fact sheet Category Copper alloys Category Intermetallics Category Magnetic ... more details
and Powder Patterns of Metals and Intermetallics url journal Acta Crystallographica Section B volume ..., and intermetallics . Metals alloys and inorganics can be merged into non organics . Organic compounds ..., metalorganics, minerals, inorganics, metals, alloys, and intermetallics, access free, size medium ... CRYSTMET contents crystal structures of metals, alloys, and intermetallics, access restricted ... Database contents crystal structures of metals, alloys, and intermetallics, access restricted, size ..., minerals, inorganics, metals, alloys, and intermetallics, access restricted, size large http ..., minerals, inorganics, metals, alloys, and intermetallics, access free, size medium Crystal ... properties of metals, alloys, intermetallics, and inorganics, access free, size medium large http cod.ibt.lt ... structures of organics, metal organics, metals, alloys, intermetallics, and inorganics, access free ... more details
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