In mammal s, internalfertilization is done through mating copulation , which involves the insertion of the penis into the vagina . Some other higher vertebrate animals most reptile s, most bird s, all dinosaur s , and some fish reproduce internally, but their fertilization is cloaca l. The union of spermatozoa of the parent organism. At some point, the growing egg biology egg or offspring must be expelled. There are three general ways of doing this Oviparity Oviparous organisms, including most insect s and reptiles, monotreme s, dinosaurs and all birds lay eggs that continue to develop after being laid, and hatch later. Vivipary Viviparous organisms, including almost all mammals such as whale s, kangaroo s and human s bear their young live. The developing young spend proportionately more time within the female s reproductive tract. The young are later released to survive on their own, with varying amounts of help from the parent s on the species . Ovoviviparity Ovoviviparous organisms, like the garter snake , and the Madagascar hissing cockroach , have eggs with Eggshell shells that hatch as they are laid, making it look like live birth . Most species of land animals reproduce by internalfertilization. For example All reptiles, such as the snake and turtle reproduce by internalfertilization. Males and females usually have an opening called the cloaca through which semen, urine and feces can be released. During mating, the male and female join their cloacas. The male releases semen into the female s cloaca. The spermatozoa then travel up a canal to reach the ova. References Unreferenced date December 2009 reflist See also Category Reproduction ca Fecundaci interna ja pt Fertiliza o interna tr d llenme ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Image Stony coral spawning 2.jpg thumb Stony coral spawn biology spawning . External fertilization is a form of fertilization in which a sperm cell is united with an egg cell external to the bodies of the reproducing individuals. In contrast, internal fertilization takes place inside the female after insemination through copulation . In sexual reproduction , there must be some way of getting the sperm to the egg. Since sperm are designed to be mobile in a watery environment they have tails and are streamlined , aquatic animals can make use of the water in which they live. Many plants make use of external fertilization, especially ones without bright flowers or other means of attracting animals. In many aquatic animals such as coral or Hydra genus hydra , eggs and sperm are simultaneously shed into the water, and the sperm swim through the water to fertilize the egg in a process known as broadcast fertilization . In many fish species, including salmon , the female will deposit unfertilized eggs in the substrate and the male will swim by and fertilize them. External fertilization uses or needs thousands of sperm cells. DEFAULTSORT External Fertilization Category Reproduction Biology stub ar ca Fecundaci externa ja no Ytre befruktning sv Yttre befruktning tr D d llenme vi Th tinh ngo i zh ... more details
CULTAN Fertilization , or Controlled Uptake Long Term Ammonium Nutrition, is a type of injection fertilization where the entire amount of nitrogen needed for a plant to grow is injected at one time. During CULTAN fertilization, nitrogen is applied at the first signs of nitrogen deficiency in plants. ref Kozlovsky, O. http journals.uzpi.cz publicFiles 31979.pdf Assessment of surface and injection fertilization on various grass hybrids in grass clover mixture ref Fertilizer is more commonly spread on the surface of fields in either a liquid or powder form by spraying it. Injecting Fertilizer Although CULTAN fertilization is only done for nitrogen application, injection irrigation can also be used for other types of fertilizers. The most common way to inject fertilizer into the ground, regardless of chemical type, is through the drip method. The drip method involves an irrigation pump and a chemical injection pump. The two work simultaneously, slowly releasing nitrogen, letting it drip from the system and then seep into the soil . ref name Gran Granberry, Darbie. http www.caes.uga.edu publications pubDetail.cfm?pk id 6235 Drip Chemigation Injecting Fertilizer, Acid, and Chlorine. University of Georgia College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences. 2 8 2011. ref If farming on a large scale, an engine such as a tractor is needed to move the system across the field. Advantages of CULTAN Fertilization According to a study from the Czech Republic , injecting nitrogen into the soil leads for a higher dry matter content of the plant. ref name Koz Kozlovsky, O. http journals.uzpi.cz publicFiles 13723.pdf Influence of nitrogen fertilizer injection CULTAN on yield, yield components ... found in plants are found in the dry section, not the water that is also in the plant. CULTAN fertilization, like all forms of injection fertilization, allows for a more precise application and a more ... compared to convention, surface fertilization. ref name Gran Disadvantages of CULTAN Fertilization Research ... more details
journal author Berger, F. title Double fertilization, from myths to reality journal Sexual Plant ... Double fertilization Caught In The Act journal Trends in Plant Science volume 13 issue 8 pages 437 ... Brief history Double fertilization was discovered more than a century ago by Sergei Navashin Sergius .... A. title Double Fertilization A Personal View journal Sexual Plant Reproduction volume 11 issue 1 pages ... tenella tenella were used in the first observations of double fertilization, which were made using ... unanswered questions regarding the process of double fertilization. However, with the development of the electron ... grain. ref name Dumas2008 cite journal author Dumas, C., & Rogowsky, P. title Fertilization ... fertilization In vitro double fertilization is often used to study the molecular interactions as well ... an in vitro double fertilization between male and female gametes is the confinement of the sperm in the pollen ... author Zenkteler, M. title In vitro fertilization and wide hybridization in higher plants journal Crit ... germination Pollen germination , pollen tube entry, and double fertilization processes have all been ... flowering plants and was named test tube fertilization . ref name Raghavan2005 cite book author Raghavan, V. title Double fertilization embryo and endosperm development in flowering plants edition ... related to double fertilization Megagametophyte The female gametophyte , the megagametophyte, that participates in double fertilization in angiosperm s is sometimes called the embryo sac. This develops ... s, or microgametophytes, that participate in double fertilization are contained within pollen grains ..., where its sperm cells are released in the megagametophyte. Double fertilization proceeds ... more details
the dynamics of human fertilization in the nineteenth century. ref Garrison, Fielding. http books.google.com ... . ref The process of fertilization involves a sperm fusing with an ovum usually following ejaculation during copulation . It is possible, but less probable, for fertilization to occur without copulation, artificial insemination , or In vitro fertilization In vitro fertilization . ref http www.goaskalice.columbia.edu ... its flagellum and the egg travels down the Fallopian tube to reach the uterus. In vitro fertilization In vitro fertilization IVF is a process by which egg cells are fertilized by sperm outside the womb ... corona radiata , a layer of follicle cells on the outside of the secondary oocyte . Fertilization ... prevents the passage of additional spermatozoa. ref cite web url http theodora.com anatomy fertilization of the ovum.html title Fertilization of the Ovum work Gray s Anatomy accessdate 2010 10 16 ref ... have on average 50 genome similarity so the premature acrosomal reactions aid fertilization by a member ... matrix hard and impermeable to sperm. This prevents fertilization of an egg by more than one sperm ... of fertilization. The sperm s tail and mitochondria degenerate with the formation of the male pronucleus ... stage. Thus, they are genetically identical. Diseases Various disorders can arise from defects in the fertilization ... have found that in rare pairs of fraternal twins, their origin might have been from the fertilization ... been investigated by computer simulations of the fertilization process. References reflist 2 Reproductive physiology DEFAULTSORT Human Fertilization Category Fertility cs Po et fr F condation humaine ... more details
for information on ocean fertilization schemes not involving iron ocean nourishment Image Phytoplankton ... the coast of Argentina covering an area about convert 300 mi km by 50 miles Iron fertilization is the intentional ... deficient ocean waters. A number of ocean labs, scientists and businesses are exploring fertilization ... ENVIRONMENT Ocean Iron Fertilization Moving Forward in a Sea of Uncertainty journal Science volume ... last7 Coale last8 De Baar last9 Falkowski ref The most recent open ocean trial of ocean iron fertilization, dubbed LOHAFEX, was conducted from January to March 2009 in the South Atlantic . Fertilization ... currents meet an Bank topography ocean bank or a sea mount . This form of fertilization produces the world s largest marine habitat s. Fertilization can also occur when weather carries Aeolian processes ... of iron and I will give you another ice age , ref name JohnMartin ref cite web title Ocean Iron Fertilization ... worldwide. This single fertilization event generated an easily observed global decline in atmospheric ... ocean studies have examined the fertilization effects of iron Ironex II , 1995 ref http www.usc.edu ... , 2002 ref ref name WHOI1 cite press release title Effects of Ocean Fertilization with Iron To Remove ... SEEDS 20II SEEDS f.pdf SEEDS II , 2004 ref EIFEX European Iron Fertilization Experiment , 2004 ref http www.olympus.net IAPSO abstracts05 orals 456.html EIFEX European Iron Fertilization Experiment ... ref LOHAFEX India n and Germany German Iron Fertilization Experiment , 2009 ref cite web url http www.eurekalert.org pub releases 2009 01 haog lai011309.php title LOHAFEX An Indo German iron fertilization ... Ministry of Education and Research BMBF gave clearance for this fertilization experiment to commence ... to suggest that ocean iron fertilization is not an effective carbon mitigation strategy in general. However, prior ocean fertilization experiments in high silica locations have observed much higher .... ref http news.mongabay.com 2008 0219 planktos.html Planktos kills iron fertilization project due ... more details
wiktionary internalInternal may refer to Internality as a concept in behavioural economics Neijia , internal styles of Chinese martial arts Neigong or internal skills , a type of exercise in meditation associated with Daoism See also Lookfrom Internal External disambiguation disambig ... more details
Internal pudendal can refer to Internal pudendal artery Internal pudendal veins disambig Excess long comment to prevent listing on Special Shortpages ............................................................ more details
Internal affairs may refer to Internal affairs of a State polity state Internal affairs law enforcement , a division of a law enforcement agency which investigates cases of lawbreaking by members of that agency Ministry of Internal Affairs , a department of government, used by many countries for a national agency with jurisdiction in domestic issues Internal affairs doctrine , a choice of law rule in corporations law Internal Affairs 1988 film Internal Affairs , a made for television two part miniseries starring Richard Crenna as detective Frank Janek Internal Affairs film Internal Affairs , a 1990 movie starring Richard Gere and Andy Garcia set in the Internal Affairs Division of the Los Angeles Police Department Infernal Affairs , a 2002 Hong Kong crime thriller film directed by Andrew Lau and Alan Mak Internal Affairs album , the debut album of rapper Pharoahe Monch Internal Affairs Family Guy , an episode in season 10 of Family Guy disambig ... more details
Internal clock may refer to Generally a clock or other oscillator that is internal to a system, apparatus or organism In physics Proper time in Einstein s theory of special relativity In biology Circadian rhythm In technology the internal clock or oscillator of a CPU, see clock rate disambig ... more details
An internal market is a market which exists within a state, a group of states or an organisation. For the market that exists amongst the member states of the European Union, see Internal Market European Union For the internal market within the National Health Service in England, see History of the National Health Service England Reforms under the Thatcher government For the internal market within the BBC, see John Birt, Baron Birt BBC career disambig ... more details
Internal pterygoid is the obsolete attribution for medial pterygoid , and refers to Medial pterygoid muscle Medial pterygoid nerve disambig ... more details
unreferenced date November 2011 Internal security , or IS, is the act of keeping peace within the border ... the national law and defending against internal security threats. Responsibility for internal security ... itself. Threats to internal security Threats to the general peace may range from low level civil disorder , large scale violence , or even an armed insurgency . Threats to internal security may be directed ... domestic terrorism . Foreign powers may also act as a threat to internal security, by either committing ... and agencies Governmental responsibility for internal security will generally rest with an interior ... s internal security will be maintained by either the ordinary List of law enforcement agencies police ... . Other specialised internal security agencies may exist to augment these main forces, such as List ..., internal security may be the primary responsibility of a List of secret police organizations secret ... internal security might range from unarmed police to fully armed paramilitary organisations, or employ some level of less lethal weapon ry in between. For violent situations, internal security forces ... aspects Depending on the organisation of the state, internal security forces may have jurisdiction on national or Federation federal levels. As the concept of internal security refers to the entity of the state and its citizens, persons who are threats to internal security may be designated as an enemy of the state or enemy of the people . Persons detained by internal security forces may either be dealt with by the normal criminal justice system, or for more serious crimes against internal ... unrest, internal security actions may include measures such as internment detention without trial ... , enforcing internal security will generally not be carried out by a country s military forces, whose ... of civil war . Often, military involvement in internal security is explicitly prohibited, or is restricted ... be put under the temporary command of civilian powers, for special internal security situations such as counter ... more details
Unreferenced date February 2012 Internal heat is the heat source from the interior of celestial object s, such as planet s, brown dwarf s, and star s, caused by gravity , nuclear fusion and decaying radioactive materials. The amount of internal heating depends on mass the more massive the object, the more internal heat it has. Citation needed date February 2012 The internal heating keeps celestial objects warm and active. The internal heat is the heat leftover from formation of celestial objects Citation needed date February 2012 . The aging objects lose internal heat gradually except for stars. Planets Terrestrial planets The internal heating within terrestrial planet s powers tectonic and volcanic activities. Earth has the most internal heating because it is the most massive of the terrestrial planets. Mercury planet Mercury and Mars have no significant internal heating because they are only 5 and 11 the mass of Earth respectively they are geologically dead . Gas giants The gas giant s have much greater internal heating than terrestrial planets. Jupiter has the most internal heating with core temperature of 36,000 K. For the outer planets of our solar system , internal heating powers the weather and wind instead of sunlight that powers the weather for terrestrial planets. The internal heating within gas giant planets raise temperatures higher than effective temperature s, as in the case of Jupiter, this makes 40 K warmer than given effective temperature. The internal heating ... that were thermal expansion expanded . Brown dwarfs Brown dwarf s have greater internal heating than gas giants but not as great as stars. The internal heating within brown dwarfs is great enough ... weather and wind powered by internal heating. Stars The internal heating within stars are so great that they sustain ..., and older the stars are, the more internal heating it has. During the end of its lifecycle, the internal ... New Concept for Internal Heat Production in Hot Jupiter Exo Planets Geophysics stub Category Planetary ... more details
Internal Suffering is a technical death metal band from Pereira, Colombia Pereira , Colombia . The band plays a brand of death metal with deep guttural vocals, extensive use of blast beats, frantic guitar sweeps and lyrical themes heavily influenced by Thelema and Magick . Internal Suffering have since relocated to New York . Band members Fabio Marin Singing vocals Andr s Garcia bass guitar Bass and backing vocals Fabio Ramirez Drum kit drums Andr s Usma guitar s Makoto Mizoguchi guitar s Discography Supreme Knowledge Domain 2000 ref name Discogs 1835242 Discogs . http www.discogs.com Internal Suffering Supreme Knowledge Domain release 1835242 Internal Suffering Supreme Knowledge Domain Retrieved November 27, 2009. ref Unmerciful Extermination EP 2001 Chaotic Matrix 2002 ref name Discogs 675503 Discogs . http www.discogs.com Internal Suffering Chaotic Matrix release 675503 Internal Suffering Chaotic Matrix . Retrieved November 27, 2009. ref Choronzonic Force Domination 2004 ref name Discogs 1972049 Discogs . http www.discogs.com Internal Suffering Choronzonic Force Domination release 1972049 Internal Suffering Choronzonic Force Domination . Retrieved November 27, 2009. ref Awakening of the Rebel 2006 ref name Discogs 1953923 Discogs . http www.discogs.com Internal Suffering Awakening Of The Rebel release 1953923 Internal Suffering Awakening Of The Rebel . Retrieved November 27, 2009. ref WITH MAKOTO References references External links http www.myspace.com internalsuffering Internal Suffering at MySpace Allmusic class artist id p823622 pure url yes Internal Suffering at allmusic Category Musical groups established in 1996 Category Colombian death metal musical groups Category Musical quintets Colombia stub band stub es Internal Suffering ... more details
unreferenced date December 2010 In literature, internal conflict is the struggle occurring within a character s mind. Often more literary works are focused on internal battles while more populist literature is more focused on external conflict. An example of internal conflict would be the teenage confusion within the mind of Holden Caulfield , the hero in The Catcher in the Rye . See also Conflict narrative Category Literary terms Lit stub ... more details
one source date January 2011 Internal devaluation is an Economic policy economic and social policy option whose aim is to restore the international competitiveness of some country mainly by reducing its labour costs either wages or the indirect costs of employers. Sometimes internal devaluation is considered as alternative to standard external devaluation , although social implications and speed of economic recovery can significantly differ between the two options. Internal devaluation was first considered during the Sweden economic crisis during the 1990s and Finland s accession to the European Union in 1995 sfn K. E. O. Alho 2000 p 11 . Internal devaluation gained popularity during the economic recession of 2008 2010 when several countries pursued such policies with aim to restore competitiveness and to balance national budgets. While internal devaluation is discussed by several publications in the magazines The Economist and The Wall Street Journal , generally there is lack of peer reviewed research. That is why the widely discussed eventual success of internal devaluation is considered as urban legend or in worst cases as political propaganda by neoliberal or Keynesianism Keynesian economists. Economy of Latvia Latvia is often named as successful case of internal devaluation by popular media, ref http www.bbn.ee article 2010 02 08 Moody s Latvian economy is stabilizing Baltic Business News, 8 February 2010 ref although its poor performance in the international development indices e.g. Global competitiveness indices, European Union Innovation Scoreboard ref http www.proinno ... the negative impact of internal devaluation on the development of the human resources and the potential ... http krugman.blogs.nytimes.com 2011 11 05 roubini on internal devaluation The New York Times, Roubini On Internal Devaluation http www.economist.com blogs freeexchange 2011 11 euro crisis 6 The Economist ... 2010 EU Innovation Union Scoreboard DEFAULTSORT Internal Devaluation Category International economics ... more details
Refimprove date September 2007 The Internal Troops , full name Internal Troops of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs Ministry for Internal Affairs MVD lang ru ... Union and its successor countries, particularly, in Russia , Ukraine , Georgia country Georgia and Internal Troops of Azerbaijan Azerbaijan . Internal Troops are subordinated to the MVD Internal Affairs ... , deal with large scale crowd control , internal armed conflicts, prison security except in Russia ... , the Internal Troops falls under Armed Forces military command and fulfill the missions of local defence and rear area security. History of the Soviet Internal Troops The history of the Internal ... of Internal Guards . The Soviet Internal Troops were formed in 1919 under the Cheka later NKVD , and were ... services and ended up under the control of the police like MVD . The most well known of the Internal ... 064.jpg thumb right Banner of the 175th Rifle Regiment, Internal Troops, NKVD During World War II , most units of the NKVD Internal Troops were engaged alongside Red ... Caucasus and were heavily engaged during the battle of Kursk . Typically, NKVD Internal Troops ... 1917 1945 NKVD Divisions 53 Internal Troops divisions and 20 Internal Troops brigades were on active ... of the Soviet Union title. Post war Soviet Union After the war s end, Internal Troops played ... and de Stalinisation, Internal Troops became significantly reduced in size, but retained their pre war functions. After the Chernobyl disaster in 1986, Internal Troops units were among liquidator Chernobyl ... were exposed to heavy radioactive radiation , and dozens died. In the 1990s, Internal Troops became ..., important public facilities and public order. After the fall of Soviet Union, local Internal Troops .... Azerbaijan Internal Troops of Azerbaijan , Kazakhstan see Military of Kazakhstan Ground forces , the Russian Federation Internal Troops Russia , and Ukraine , in the form of the Internal Troops ... more details
for internal marketing is not only to get the right messages across, but to embed them in such a way ... prose section date July 2011 Key concepts of internal marketing include IM functioning as a continual internal upskilling process. Alignment of the organization s purpose with employee behavior ... the business objectives Internal marketing oriented business Features of an internal marketing ... learning, total quality management and re engineering. Benefits Benefits of Internal Marketing encourages the internal market employees to perform better empowers employees and gives them accountability ... evaluation of employee performance. Problems affecting successful implementation of Internal Marketing The following are the problems affecting effective implementation of internal marketing ... blocks against successful internal marketing. Poor understanding of internal marketing concept. Individual conflict and conflict between departments makes the implementation of internal marketing difficult. Rigid organisational structure coupled by bureaucratic leadership hinders success of internal ... Jeff Pervaiz authorlink Pervaiz K. Ahmed year 2005 title Internal Marketing url http books.elsevier.com ... 4838 4 Being an employee oriented business is one of the features of internal marketing oriented business .... cite book last Pervaiz K. Ahmed , Mohammed Rafiq year 2004 title Internal marketing tools and concepts for customer focused management. publisher Elsevier DEFAULTSORT Internal Marketing Category Marketing ... more details
Refimprove date June 2008 Internal bleeding is bleeding occurring inside the body . It can be a serious medical emergency depending on where it occurs e.g. brain, stomach, lungs , and can potentially cause death and cardiac arrest if proper medical treatment is not received quickly. Causes Internal bleeding can occur by Trauma medicine traumatic injury such as high speed acceleration deceleration in an automobile accident , or by blood vessel rupture from high blood pressure . Also, internal bleeding can be caused by hitting or running against a sharp object in that area. http www.articleworld.org index.php Internal bleeding Some diseases may also cause internal bleeding, such as the Filovirus Ebola . This infection, together with similar infections such as the Marburg virus , is rare. The most common cause of internal bleeding is carcinoma cancer , either of the gastro intestinal tract or of the lung, or more rarely of other organs such as the prostate , pancreas or kidney . Other diseases linked to internal bleeding include scurvy , hepatoma , Hepatocellular carcinoma liver cancer , Autoimmune Thrombocytopenia , ectopic pregnancy , malignant hypothermia , ovarian cysts , Vitamin K Deficiency, and hemophilia . Some medication interactions may also cause internal bleeding. ref http www.wrongdiagnosis.com sym internal bleeding.htm Internal bleeding WrongDiagnosis.com Bot generated title ref Prognosis Internal bleeding can be serious for two reasons the blood can compress organs and cause their dysfunction as can occur in hematoma when it does not stop spontaneously, the loss .... Terminology Cases of internal bleeding are usually called hemorrhage , even though the term is general to all kinds of bleedings. A minor case of internal bleeding results in ecchymosis , or a bruise ... to identify internal bleeding. The external signs are general signs of hypovolemia hypovolemic shock see the article about shock for more information . Wikibooks First Aid Internal Bleeding Notes ... more details
Interlocking Nail System Accessed 10 February 2011 ref Open Reduction Internal Fixation ORIF Open Reduction Internal Fixation ORIF involves the implementation of implants to guide the healing ... s. Internal fixation refers to fixation of screws and or plates, intramedullary bone nails femur , tibia ... dynamic compression plate are used. Open Reduction Internal Fixation techniques are often used in cases ... to remove the hardware. Closed Reduction Internal Fixation Closed Reduction Internal Fixation CRIF is Reduction orthopedic surgery reduction without any open surgery, followed by internal fixation. It appears ... and internal fixation is recommended. ref cite pmid 19047713 ref See also Arbeitsgemeinschaft f r Osteosynthesefragen ... And Techniques Of Internal Fixation Of Fractures 28MB PPT Bone, cartilage, and joint procedures spacing DEFAULTSORT Internal Fixation Category Implants Category Orthopedic surgery ar ... more details
Infobox Brain Name Internal capsule Latin capsula interna GraySubject 189 GrayPage 836 Image Telencephalon ... hier BrainInfoNumber 180 MeshName MeshNumber NeuroLex Internal capsule NeuroLexID birnlex 1659 DorlandsPre c 07 DorlandsSuf 12211417 The internal capsule is an area of white matter in the brain that separates the caudate nucleus and the thalamus from the lentiform nucleus . The internal capsule ... cortex and the pyramids of the medulla . Components The internal capsule is V shaped when ... of a top hat . When cut horizontally the bend in the V is called the Genu of the internal capsule genu the Anterior limb of internal capsule anterior limb or crus anterius is the part in front of the genu, between the head of the caudate nucleus and the lenticular nucleus the Posterior limb of internal ... of the internal capsule contains 1 Frontopontine corticofugal fibers project from frontal cortex to pons ... the cerebral cortex cortex and the brainstem . The posterior limb of the internal capsule contains ... the body and a few corticobulbar fibers. Other fibers within the internal capsule The retrolenticular ... nucleus which carry auditory information also pass in the retrolenticular internal capsule, but most ... parts of both the anterior and posterior limbs and the genu of the internal capsule are supplied by the lenticulostriate ... limb is supplied by the anterior choroidal artery , which is a branch of the internal carotid artery . In summary, the blood supply of the internal capsule is Anterior limb lenticulostriate branches ... of the internal carotid artery inferior half As in many parts of the body, some degree of variation ... arteries supply a substantial amount of the internal capsule. These small vessels are particularly ... infarction s or intraparenchymal haemorrhage due to vessel rupture. Lesions of the genu of the internal ... the posterior limb of the internal capsule. Lesions, therefore, result in a contralateral hemiparesis ... cortical regions that are contained more rostrally in the internal capsule. Additional images ... more details
unreferenced date November 2007 The term internal code is a word for word translation of the Chinese term neima , pinyin n im jyutping noi6 maa5 . The term is primarily used by China Chinese people. Originally referring to the encoding used internally by a Chinese system , it refers to the encoding of a character computing character in some character set , or to the character encoding being used. It is not an encoding in itself, and the actual encoding being referred to has to be determined by context. On any computer system, the internal code is the native encoding being used. For example, in a Big5 based system e.g., Microsoft Windows 3.1 localized for traditional Chinese , the internal code is Big5 similarly, in a GB2312 GB based system e.g., MS DOS DOS running CCDOS , the internal code would be GB2312. On many modern operating systems such as all modern Microsoft Windows systems , the internal code is a form of Unicode . Within a particular encoding, the internal code of a certain ..., in the Big5 encoding, the character Chinese, lit. one has the internal code of A440 hexadecimal in the GB encoding, the same character has the internal code of D2BB. The neima method For more examples when the internal code is Unicode, see Unicode Input methods Unicode . The internal code can be used ... and is usually provided for Big5 and GB internal codes in English, it may be variously called neima , internal code , raw code , or other similar names. For example, in a Big5 based system, one can input the character by typing A440 using the internal code input method. On the other hand, in a GB ... be a kuten input method that allows characters to be input using a form of the internal code called ... the kuten quwei form is related to the internal code, such input methods are not usually referred as internal code input methods. The use of an internal code input method to input characters would not be normally ... with their internal codes. See also Alt code Category Character encoding Category Han character ... more details
Multiple issues unreferenced June 2008 rewrite May 2009 selfref For information about one more name of internal links in Wikipedia, see Wikipedia Free links . For information about external links in Wikipedia, see Wikipedia External links . For information about internal links in Wikipedia, see Help Link . An internal link is a hyperlink that is a reference or navigation HTML element element in a document to another section of the same document or to another document that may be on or part of the same website or Domain name domain of the internet . Links are considered either external or internal depending on perspective. Generally, a link to a page outside the same domain is considered external, whereas one in the same domain is considered internal. However, these definitions become clouded when the same organization operates multiple domains functioning as a single web experience, e.g. when a secure commerce website is used for purchasing things displayed on a Secure website non secure website . Similarly, a blog ging website might have thousands of different blogs, in which context one might view a link as internal only if it linked within the same blog, not to other blogs within the same domain. HTML example Make a header linkable source lang xml h1 a name seealso See also a h1 source then link to it source lang xml a href seealso Go to the see also section a source See also NIPRNet Category Hypertext WWW stub ... more details
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