- Isoschizomer
Isoschizomers are pairs of restriction enzyme s specific to the same recognition sequence . For example, Sph I CGTAC G and Bbu I CGTAC G are isoschizomers of each other. The first enzyme to recognize and cut a given sequence is known as the prototype, all subsequent enzymes that recognize and cut that sequence are isoschizomers. Isoschizomers are isolated from different strains of bacteria and therefore may require different reaction conditions. An enzyme that recognizes the same sequence but cuts it differently is a neoschizomer . Neoschizomers are a specific type subset of Isoschizomers. For example, Sma I CCC GGG and Xma I C CCGGG are neoschizomers of each other. An enzyme that recognizes slightly different sequence, but produces the same ends is a isocaudomer . In some cases, only one out of a pair of isoschizomers can recognize both the methylated as well as unmethylated forms of restriction sites. In contrast, the other restriction enzyme can recognize only the unmethylated form of the restriction site. This property of some isoschizomers allows identification of methylation state of the restriction site while isolating it from a bacterial strain. For example, the restriction enzymes HpaII & MspI are isoschizomers, as they both recognize the sequence 5 CCGG 3 when it is unmethylated. But when the second C of the sequence is methylated, only MspI can recognize both the forms while HpaII cannot. References cite web url http www.neb.com nebecomm tech reference restriction enzymes isoschizomers.asp? title Isoschizomers at New England Biolabs format work accessdate Category Molecular biology Category Biotechnology Category Restriction enzymes de Isoschizomer pl Izoschizomery ru ... more details
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- Neoschizomer
Original research date December 2010 Neoschizomers are restriction enzymes that recognize the same nucleotide sequence as their prototype but cleave at a different site. In some special applications this is a very helpful feature. Image TaiIMae.JPG thumb 500px Recognition sequences and products of neoschizomers For example Prototype MaeII A CGT produces DNA fragments with a 2 base 5 extension Neoschizomer TaiI ACGT produces DNA fragments with a 4 base 3 extension Prototype ApaI GGGCC C produces DNA fragments with a 4 base 3 extension Neoschizomer Bsp120I G GGCCC produces DNA fragments with a 4 base 5 extension There are also other pairs of neoschizomers. The special class of neoschizomers that cleave at the same site are known as isoschizomer s. References div class references small Rebase restriction enzyme database, http rebase.neb.com rebase div Category Restriction enzymes enzyme stub de Neoschizomer pl Izoschizomery ... more details
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- HELP assay
Multiple issues context October 2009 orphan January 2007 The HELP Assay is an abbreviation for H paII tiny fragment E nrichment by L igation mediated Polymerase chain reaction P CR . ref name pmid16809668 It is one of several techniques used for determining whether DNA has been DNA methylation Assays to Detect DNA Methylation methylated . The technique can be adapted to examine DNA methylation within and around individual genes , or it can be expanded to examine methylation in an entire genome . The technique relies upon the properties of two restriction enzymes Hpa II and Msp I. The HELP assay ref name pmid16809668 cite journal author Khulan B, Thompson RF, Ye K, et al. title Comparative isoschizomer profiling of cytosine methylation The HELP assay journal Genome Research volume 16 issue 8 pages 1046 55 year 2006 month August pmid 16809668 pmc 1524864 doi 10.1101 gr.5273806 ref compares representations generated by Hpa II and by Msp I digestion of the genome followed by ligation mediated PCR. Hpa II only digests 5 C CG G 3 sites when the cytosine in the central CG dinucleotide is unmethylated, the Hpa II representation is enriched for the hypomethylated fraction of the genome. The Msp I representation is a control for copy number changes and PCR amplification difficulties. It was recently shown that cytosine methylation patterns tend to be concordant over short 1 kb regions. ref cite journal author Eckhardt F, Lewin J, Cortese R, et al. title DNA methylation profiling of human chromosomes 6, 20 and 22 journal Nature Genetics volume 38 issue 12 pages 1378 85 year 2006 month December pmid 17072317 doi 10.1038 ng1909 pmc 3082778 ref The patterns represented by the Hpa II sites therefore tend to be representative of other CG dinucleotides locally. The analysis of HELP data involves quality analysis and normalization. An analytical pipeline written in the R programming language was recently published to allow HELP data processing. ref cite journal author Thompson RF, Re ... more details
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- List of restriction enzyme cutting sites: T-Z
left style background F2F3F4 width 320px Cut align left style background F2F3F4 width 215px Isoschizomer ... width 215px Isoschizomer s Uba4009I Unidentified bacterium A code 5 GGATCC code br code 3 CCTAGG ... F2F3F4 width 320px Cut align left style background F2F3F4 width 215px Isoschizomer s Van91I Vibrio ... Cut align left style background F2F3F4 width 215px Isoschizomer s XagI Xanthobacter agilis Xanthobacter ... 320px Cut align left style background F2F3F4 width 215px Isoschizomer s YenI Yersinia enterocolitica ... F2F3F4 width 215px Isoschizomer s ZanI Zymomonas anaerobia code 5 CCWGG code br code 3 GGWCC ... more details
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- List of restriction enzyme cutting sites
Biology List of homing endonuclease cutting sites Restriction enzyme . Isoschizomer . Detailed ... more details
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- List of restriction enzyme cutting sites: Bd-Bp
width 320px Cut align left style background F2F3F4 width 215px Isoschizomer s BdiI Brevibacterium ... cite journal author Reinecke SN, Morgan RD title BfaI, a new MaeI isoschizomer from Bacteroides ... Wagner E, Schmitz GG, Kaluza K, Jarsch M, G tz F, Kessler C title BmyI, a novel SduI isoschizomer ... W, Schmitz G title BpuAI, a novel BbsI and BbvII isoschizomer from Bacillus pumilus recognizing ... more details
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- List of restriction enzyme cutting sites: A
align left style background F2F3F4 width 215px Isoschizomer s AaaI Acetobacter aceti code 5 CGGCCG ... AfaI from Acidiphilium facilis, a new isoschizomer of RsaI purification and properties journal ... 13H, a new isoschizomer of BspMII Purification and characterization journal Biosci Biotechnol Biochem ... C title AspI, a novel isoschizomer of Tth111I from Achromobacter species 699 recognizing 5 GACN ... C title Asp700I, a novel isoschizomer of XmnI from Achromobacter species 700 recognizing 5 GAANN ... author Mural RJ title Cleavage by the restriction endonuclease Asp718, an isoschizomer of KpnI ... V, Schmitz G title AspEI, a novel Eam11051 isoschizomer from Aureobacterium species recognizing 5 GACnnn ... HJ, Schmitz GG, Jarsch M, Kessler C title AspHI, a novel isoschizomer of HgiAI from Achromobacter species ... more details
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- List of restriction enzyme cutting sites: G-K
width 215px Isoschizomer s GalI Gluconobacter albidus code 5 CCGCGG code br code 3 GGCGCC code code ... F2F3F4 width 215px Isoschizomer s HacI Halococcus acetoinfaciens code 5 GATC code br code 3 ... F2F3F4 width 215px Isoschizomer s ItaI Ilyobcater tartaricus code 5 GCNGC code br code 3 CGNCG ... left style background F2F3F4 width 320px Cut align left style background F2F3F4 width 215px Isoschizomer ... more details
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- List of restriction enzyme cutting sites: C-D
width 215px Isoschizomer s CacI Clostridium acetobutylicum Clostridium acetobutylicum N1 4081 code 5 ... 320px Cut align left style background F2F3F4 width 215px Isoschizomer s DdeI Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ... more details
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- List of restriction enzyme cutting sites: Ba-Bc
Cut align left style background F2F3F4 width 215px Isoschizomer s Bac36I Bacillus alcalophilus Bacillus ... BbrPI, a novel PmacI isoschizomer from Bacillus brevis recognizing 5 CAC GTG 3 journal Nucleic Acids ... E, Spurgeon S, Ray W, Davies J title Purification and characterization of an isoschizomer of SphI ... more details
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- List of restriction enzyme cutting sites: L-N
320px Cut align left style background F2F3F4 width 215px Isoschizomer s LcaI Lactobacillus casei ... width 215px Isoschizomer s MabI Microbacterium arborescens Microbacterium arborescens SE code 5 ACCWGGT ... F2F3F4 width 320px Cut align left style background F2F3F4 width 215px Isoschizomer s NaeI align center ... more details
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- List of restriction enzyme cutting sites: O-R
style background F2F3F4 width 215px Isoschizomer s OfoI Oscillatoria foreaui Oscillatoria foreaui ... background F2F3F4 width 215px Isoschizomer s PabI align center http www.pdb.org pdb explore explore.do ... left style background F2F3F4 width 320px Cut align left style background F2F3F4 width 215px Isoschizomer ... more details
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- DNA methyltransferase
, has regions of similarity with the prokaryotic isoschizomer M.TaqI and other DNA N6 adenine ... more details
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- Index of genetic engineering articles
inversion Inversion Ionizing radiation IS element Isoaccepting tRNA Isochromosome Isoenzyme Isoschizomer ... more details
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- Restriction enzyme
location are known as isoschizomer s. Types Naturally occurring restriction endonucleases are categorized ... endonuclease cutting sites Isoschizomer . Star activity Molecular weight size marker References ... more details
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- List of restriction enzyme cutting sites: Bsp-Bss
F2F3F4 width 215px Isoschizomer s Bsp6I Bacillus Bacillus sp. RFL6 code 5 GCNGC code br code ... width 215px Isoschizomer s BsrI Bacillus stearothermophilus code 5 ACTGG code br code 3 TGACC code ... more details
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- List of restriction enzyme cutting sites: Bst-Bv
F2F3F4 width 320px Cut align left style background F2F3F4 width 215px Isoschizomer s BstI Bacillus ... 320px Cut align left style background F2F3F4 width 215px Isoschizomer s Bsu6I Bacillus subtilis ... more details
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- List of restriction enzyme cutting sites: Bsa-Bso
F2F3F4 width 320px Cut align left style background F2F3F4 width 215px Isoschizomer s BsaI Bacillus ... IV, Tereshchenko TA title Bse118 I a new isoschizomer of restriction endonuclease Cfr10 I, isolated ... more details
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- List of restriction enzyme cutting sites: E-F
width 215px Isoschizomer s EacI Eubacterium acidaminophilum code 5 GGATC code br code 3 CCTAG code ... F2F3F4 width 215px Isoschizomer s FalI Flavobacterium aquatile Flavobacterium aquatile Ob10 code ... more details
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- Index of genetics articles
sequence IS IS element Isoaccepting tRNA Isochromosome Isoenzyme Isoschizomer Isotope Isozyme ... more details
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- List of homing endonuclease cutting sites
endonuclease . Isoschizomer . Detailed articles about certain restriction enzymes EcoRI , HindIII , BglII ... more details
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- List of restriction enzyme cutting sites: S
background F2F3F4 width 320px Cut align left style background F2F3F4 width 215px Isoschizomer s SacI ... more details
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