A karyotype Greek karyon kernel, seed or nucleus is the number and Visual appearance appearance of chromosome ... ref ref Stebbins G.L. 1950. Variation and evolution in plants . Chapter XII The Karyotype. Columbia ..., taxonomic relationships, and to gather information about past evolutionary events. History of karyotype ... 20th century, when it was appreciated that the set of chromosomes the karyotype was the carrier of the genes. Levitsky seems to have been the first to define the karyotype as the phenotypic appearance ... into the human karyotype took many years to settle the most basic question how many chromosomes ... karyogram. It took until the mid 1950s until it became generally accepted that the karyotype of humans ... account of a karyotype may therefore include the number, type, shape and banding of the chromosomes ... The human karyotype Most but not all species have a standard karyotype. The normal human karyotypes ... denoted 46,XY. Any variation from the standard karyotype may lead to developmental abnormalities. Diversity ... of karyotype structures that are observed... But, used in conjunction with other phylogenetic data ... level, and it is clear that changes in karyotype organization has had effects on the evolutionary ... have a very poor understanding of the causes of karyotype evolution, despite many careful investigations... the general significance of karyotype evolution is obscure. Maynard Smith. ref Maynard Smith ... kinds of visible adjustment to the karyotype. Chromosome elimination. In some species, as in many ... they looked at the karyotype of the closely related Indian muntjac, Muntiacus muntjak , they were ... their findings Hsu p73 4 ref name Hsu The number of chromosomes in the karyotype between ..., F.A. year 2005 title Karyotype of North American shortnose sturgeon Acipenser brevirostrum with the highest ... number The fundamental number, FN , of a karyotype is the number of visible major chromosomal arms ... R. R. authorlink coauthors Feldberg, E. Mdos Anjos, . B. Zuanon, J. title Karyotype characterization ... more details
Virtual karyotype ref Also array comparative genomic hybridization , chromosomal microarray analysis ... j.drudis.2008.06.007 pmid 18617013 volume 13 pages 760 70 issue 17 18 ref Background A karyotype ... G.L. 1950. Variation and evolution in plants . Chapter XII The Karyotype. Columbia University Press N.Y. ref A karyotype is typically presented as an image of the chromosomes from a single cell arranged ... limit of 5 10Mb. Image NHGRI human male karyotype.png thumbnail 250px Fig 1. Karyotype of human male using Giemsa staining Virtual karyotype What is a virtual karyotype? Recently, platforms for generating ... karyotypes obtained from conventional cytogenetics. How to get a virtual karyotype Virtual karyotypes ... www.cmdiagnostics.com CombiMatrix Molecular Diagnostics fresh tumor samples . Image virtual karyotype karyogram.jpg thumb Fig 2. Virtual karyotype of a chronic lymphocytic leukemia sample using a SNP array. Image CLL ForWiki.jpg thumb Fig 3. Virtual karyotype log2ratio plot of a chronic lymphocytic ... from disrupted cells to recreate a high resolution karyotype in silico . The end product does not yet ... by SNP array virtual karyotype. Loss of heterozygosity LOH , Autozygous segments, and uniparental .... Virtual karyotype of a colorectal carcinoma whole genome view demonstrating deletions, gains, amplifications, and acquired UPD copy neutral LOH . Figure 7 is a SNP array virtual karyotype from a colorectal ... . Examples of clinical cancer applications A virtual karyotype can be generated from nearly any tumor ... with the laboratory director of the lab performing the virtual karyotype. Below are examples ... E, Tallman M, Litzow M, Wiernik P, Rowe J, Goldstone A, Dewald G title Karyotype is an independent ... t 4 11 q21 q23 Poor prognosis t 8 14 q24.1 q32 Poor prognosis Complex karyotype more than four abnormalities ..., 2008, Lyon. ref Good Prognosis normal karyotype, isolated del 5q , isolated del 20q , Y Poor Prognosis ... associated with prior exposure to hydroxyurea as well as a complex karyotype in samples with MPN blast ... more details
Taxobox name Lesser Wilfred s Mouse status LC status system IUCN3.1 status ref ref name IUCN IUCN2010.4 assessors Geise, L. & Pardinas, U. year 2008 id 23078 title Juliomys pictipes downloaded 23 March 2011 ref regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Rodent ia familia Cricetidae genus Juliomys species J. pictipes binomial Juliomys pictipes binomial authority Wilfred Hudson Osgood Osgood , 1933 synonyms Thomasomys pictipes br Wilfredomys pictipes The Lesser Wilfred s Mouse , Juliomys pictipes , is a South America n rodent species of the family Cricetidae . ref name MSW3 MSW3 Muroidea id 13000677 page 1121 ref It is found in northeastern Argentina and southeastern Brazil . The species is arboreality arboreal , living in forests at altitudes from sea level to 2000 m. ref name IUCN It s karyotype has karyotype Number of chromosomes in a set 2n 36, karyotype Fundamental number FN 34. ref name MSW3 References Zootaxa 1758 29 reflist http www.natureserve.org infonatura Infonatura Category Sigmodontinae Sigmodontinae stub eu Juliomys pictipes pt Juliomys pictipes ... more details
italic title Taxobox name status VU status system IUCN3.1 status ref ref name IUCN IUCN2010.4 assessors Bonvicino, C. & Geise, L. year 2008 id 136563 title Juliomys rimofrons downloaded 23 March 2011 ref regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Rodent ia familia Cricetidae genus Juliomys species J. rimofrons binomial Juliomys rimofrons binomial authority Jo o Alves de Oliveira Oliveira and Cibele Rodrigues Bonvicino Bonvicino , 2002 Juliomys rimofrons , also known as the Cleft headed Juliomys , is a South America n rodent species in the family Cricetidae . ref name MSW3 MSW3 Muroidea id 13000678 page 1121 ref It is found in southern Brazil . The species is arboreality arboreal and lives in montane forests. ref name IUCN It is threatened because of the small size and fragmentation of its current range. ref name IUCN It s karyotype has karyotype Number of chromosomes in a set 2n 20, karyotype Fundamental number FN 34. ref name MSW3 References reflist http www.natureserve.org infonatura Infonatura Category Sigmodontinae Sigmodontinae stub eu Juliomys rimofrons ... more details
This article was auto generated by User Polbot . Taxobox name Broad footed Mole image Scapanus latimanus2.jpg status LC status system iucn3.1 status ref ref name iucn IUCN2009.2 assessors Matson, J., Woodman, N., Castro Arellano, I. & de Grammont, P.C. year 2008 id 41473 title Scapanus latimanus downloaded 09 February 2010 ref regnum Animalia phylum Chordata classis Mammalia ordo Soricomorpha familia Talpidae genus Scapanus species S. latimanus binomial Scapanus latimanus binomial authority John Bachman Bachman , 1842 synonyms range map Broad footed Mole area.png range map caption Broad footed Mole range The Broad footed Mole Scapanus latimanus is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae . ref name MSW3 MSW3 Soricomorpha id 13700656 page 302 ref It is found in Baja California in Mexico and in California , Nevada and Oregon in the United States at elevations up to 3000 m. ref name iucn Its karyotype has karyotype Number of chromosomes in a set 2n 34, karyotype Fundamental number FN 64. ref name MSW3 References reflist Soricomorpha T. Category Talpidae Category Animals described in 1842 soricomorpha stub ca Talp de peus amples es Scapanus latimanus eu Scapanus latimanus fr Scapanus latimanus hu Sz lesl b vakond ... more details
Dr. Avery A. Sandberg and colleagues in Buffalo, New York published the first report of a man with a 47,XYY karyotype in 1961. Selected Books The Y Chromosome, Part B Clinical Aspects of Y Chromosome Abnormalities 1985 ISBN 0 471 84767 4 The chromosomes in human cancer and leukemia 1990 ISBN 0 444 01491 8 References Ishihara T 1997 . Thirty six years with Dr. Avery A. Sandberg. Cancer Genet Cytogenet . Jan 93 3 9. PMID 9062574 DEFAULTSORT Sandberg, Avery Category American geneticists Category Article Feedback 5 genetics stub ... more details
fish Tetraodon nigroviridis reveals the early vertebrate proto karyotype. O. Jaillon, et al. , Nature ... and the evolution of the chordate karyotype. Nicholas H. Putnam, et al. Nature 453 1064 1071, 2008 ... more details
Taxobox name Wertheimeria maculata status NE status system iucn3.1 regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Actinopterygii ordo catfish Siluriformes familia Doradidae genus Wertheimeria genus authority Franz Steindachner Steindachner , 1877 species W. maculata binomial Wertheimeria maculata binomial authority Franz Steindachner Steindachner , 1877 Wertheimeria maculata is the only species in the genus Wertheimeria of the catfish order biology order Siluriformes family biology family Doradidae . ref ITIS id 681285 taxon Wertheimeria maculata accessdate May 22, 2007 ref This species is endemism endemic to Brazil and is found in the Jequitinhonha River Jequitinhonha and Rio Pardo river Pardo River s. ref name karyotype These fish reach a length of convert 30.0 cm in fish measurement SL . ref FishBase species genus Wertheimeria species maculata year 2011 month December ref Within its restricted range, W. maculata faces strong human habitat disturbances such as silt ation, habitat fragmentation , pollution , and introduced species . ref name karyotype cite journal url http www.springerlink.com content juh5755520758321 fulltext.pdf title The karyotypes of the thorny catfishes Wertheimeria maculata Steindachner, 1877 and Hassar wilderi Kindle, 1895 Siluriformes Doradidae and their relevance in doradids chromosomal evolution first Eduardo S. last Eler coauthors Dergam, Jorge A. V nere, Paulo C. Paiva, L lian C. Miranda, Gabriela A. Oliveira, Alessandro A. journal Genetica year 2007 volume 130 pages 99 103 format PDF doi 10.1007 s10709 006 0023 4 pmid 16897457 issue 1 ref This fish has been placed as the cladistics sister taxon to all other doradids. ref name karyotype References references DEFAULTSORT Wertheimeria Maculata Category Doradidae Category Fish of South America Category Fish of Brazil Category Monotypic fish genera Doradidae stub ca Wertheimeria maculata es Wertheimeria maculata pt Wertheimeria maculata ... more details
Taxobox name Roig s tuco tuco image status CR status system IUCN3.1 status ref ref name iucn IUCN2008 assessors Bidau, C., Lessa, E. & Ojeda, R. year 2008 id 136633 title Ctenomys roigi downloaded 19 March 2009 ref regnum Animalia phylum Chordata classis Mammalia ordo Rodent ia familia Ctenomyidae genus Ctenomys species C. roigi binomial Ctenomys roigi binomial authority Contreras, 1988 synonyms subdivision ranks Subspecies subdivision Roig s tuco tuco Ctenomys roigi is a species of rodent in the family Ctenomyidae . ref name MSW3 MSW3 Hystricognathi id 13400345 page 1568 ref It is endemic to a small region near the Paran River in Corrientes Province , northeastern Argentina , where lives on sand dunes, and near rivers. ref name iucn Development is degrading and shrinking this habitat, threatening the rodent s survival. ref name iucn The species is named after Argentine zoologist w es Virgilio Germ n Roig Virgilio G. Roig . ref Cite book last Beolens first Bo authorlink coauthors Watkins, Michael Grayson, Michael title The Eponym Dictionary of Mammals publisher The Johns Hopkins University Press date 2009 09 28 location Baltimore pages 592 see p. 346 url http google.com books?id I kSmWLc6vYC&pg PA346 doi id isbn 978 0801893049 oclc 270129903 ref Its karyotype has karyotype Number of chromosomes in a set 2n 48 and Karyotype Fundamental number FN 80 . ref name MSW3 References reflist Ctenomyidae nav Category Mammals of Argentina Category Tuco tucos rodent stub eu Ctenomys roigi uk Ctenomys roigi ... more details
Refimprove date August 2006 Context date October 2009 File NHGRI human male karyotype.png thumbnail 250px G banding Karyogram of human male using Giemsa staining. G banding is a technique used in cytogenetics to produce a visible karyotype by staining condensed chromosome s. It is useful for identifying various genetic diseases through the photographic representation of the entire chromosome complement. ref name Speicher Speicher, Michael R. and Nigel P. Carter. The New Cytogenetics Blurring the Boundaries with Molecular Biology. Nature Reviews Genetics, Vol 6. Oct 2005. ref The metaphase chromosomes are treated with trypsin to partially digest the chromosome and Staining biology stained with Giemsa . Dark bands that take up the stain are strongly A,T rich gene poor . The reverse of G bands is obtained in R banding. Banding can be used to identify chromosomal abnormalities, such as Chromosomal translocation translocation s, because there is a unique pattern of light and dark bands for each chromosome. ref name Speicher It is difficult to identify and group chromosomes based on simple staining because the uniform color of the structures makes it difficult to differentiate between the different chromosomes. Therefore, techniques like G banding were developed that made bands appear on the chromosomes. These bands were the same in appearance on the homologous chromosomes, thus, identification became easier and more accurate. The acid saline giemsa protocol reveals G bands. See also Giemsa Karyotype References references Category Staining Category Chromosomes genetics stub zh G ... more details
speciesbox name Spix s Yellow toothed Cavy status LC status system iucn3.1 status ref ref name iucn IUCN2008 assessors Catzeflis, F., Patton, J., Percequillo, A., Bonvicino, C. & Weksler, M. year 2008 id 8825 title Galea spixii downloaded 5 January 2009 ref taxon Galea spixii authority Wagler et al., 1831 Spix s Yellow toothed Cavy , Galea spixii , is a cavy species from South America . ref name MSW3 MSW3 Muroidea id 13400197 page 1554 ref It is found in Bolivia east of the Andes and much of south central to northeastern Brazil . ref name iucn The species is found in open savanna and semiarid habitats, such as the Cerrado and Caatinga . ref name iucn It s karyotype has Ploidy Diploid 2n 64 and Karyotype Fundamental number FN 118. ref name MSW3 References reflist http www.natureserve.org infonatura Infonatura Portuguese http globorural.globo.com barra.asp?d edic 168 fichabicho1.htm Globo Rural Caviidae nav Category Cavies Category Mammals of Bolivia Category Mammals of Brazil rodent stub es Galea spixii eu Galea spixii pt Galea spixii sr Galea spixii uk Galea spixii ... more details
This article was auto generated by User Polbot . speciesbox name Common yellow toothed cavy image status LC status system iucn3.1 status ref ref name iucn IUCN2008 assessors Dunnum, J., Pardina, U., Zeballos, H. & Ojeda, R. year 2008 id 8824 title Galea musteloides downloaded 5 January 2009 ref taxon Galea musteloides authority Franz Meyen Meyen , 1832 synonyms The common yellow toothed cavy Galea musteloides is a species of rodent in the family Caviidae . ref name MSW3 MSW3 Muroidea id 13400191 page 1554 ref It is found in Argentina , Bolivia , Chile , and Peru . It s karyotype has Ploidy Diploid 2n 68 and Karyotype Fundamental number FN 136. ref name MSW3 References reflist Caviidae nav Category Cavies Category Mammals of the Andes Category Mammals of Patagonia Category Mammals of Argentina Category Mammals of Bolivia Category Mammals of Chile Category Mammals of Peru Category Mammals of Uruguay rodent stub es Galea musteloides eu Galea musteloides pt Galea musteloides sr Galea musteloides uk Galea musteloides ... more details
Taxobox name Atlantic Forest climbing mouse status LC status system IUCN3.1 status ref ref name iucn IUCN2009.1 assessors Patton, J., Catzeflis, F., Weksler, M. & Percequillo, A. year 2008 id 19612 title Rhipidomys mastacalis downloaded 14 June 2009 ref regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Rodent ia familia Cricetidae genus Rhipidomys species R. mastacalis binomial Rhipidomys mastacalis species authority Peter Wilhelm Lund Lund , 1841 The Atlantic Forest climbing mouse Rhipidomys mastacalis is an Arboreal locomotion arboreal rodent species in the family Cricetidae from South America . It is found in the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil at elevations from sea level to 1500 m. ref name iucn Its karyotype is Ploidy Diploid 2n 44, karyotype Fundamental number FN 74 80. ref name MSW3 MSW3 Muroidea id 13000894 ref It is sometimes also referred to as the long tailed climbing mouse . Rhipidomys macrurus is similarly sometimes commonly known as the long tailed rhipidomys , while rodents of genus Vandeleuria are also commonly known as long tailed climbing mice. References reflist http www.natureserve.org infonatura Infonatura Category Mammals of Brazil Category Thomasomyini Rhipidomys stub eu Rhipidomys mastacalis pl Rhipidomys mastacalis ... more details
Taxobox name Santa Marta porcupine status DD status system iucn3.1 status ref ref name iucn IUCN2008 assessors Tirira, D., Boada, C., Weksler, M., Anderson, R.P. & G mez Laverde, M. year 2008 id 136300 title Coendou sanctamartae downloaded 20 August 2009 ref regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Rodent ia familia New World porcupine Erethizontidae genus Prehensile tailed porcupine Coendou species C. sanctamartae binomial Coendou sanctamartae binomial authority Joel Asaph Allen Allen , 1904 synonyms subdivision ranks subdivision The Santa Marta porcupine Coendou sanctamartae is a species of rodent in the family Erethizontidae . It is known from Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests dry forest s on the lower slopes of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta and Serran a del Perij mountains of northern Colombia , at altitudes below 500 and 1100 m, respectively, and intervening lowlands, and may also be present in nearby parts of Venezuela . ref name iucn It has sometimes been described as a subspecies of Coendou prehensilis C. prehensilis . ref name MSW3 MSW3 Hystricognathi id 13400103 page 1547 ref Its karyotype has Ploidy Diploid 2n 74 , karyotype Fundamental number FN 82. ref name iucn References reflist rodent stub Erethizontidae nav Category Coendou Category Mammals of Colombia uk Coendou sanctamartae ... more details
Taxobox name Valais Shrew image status DD status system IUCN3.1 status ref ref name iucn IUCN2010.1 assessors Hutterer, R., Amori, G. & Kry tufek, B. year 2008 id 136814 title Sorex antinorii downloaded 21 June 2010 ref regnum Animalia phylum Chordata classis Mammalia ordo Soricomorpha familia Soricidae genus Sorex species S. antinorii binomial Sorex antinorii binomial authority Charles Lucien Bonaparte Bonaparte , 1840 synonyms range map Valais Shrew area.png range map caption Valais Shrew range The Valais Shrew Sorex antinorii is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae . ref name msw3 MSW3 Soricomorpha id 13700458 page 283 ref It is found in all of Italy except southern Apulia , in southeastern France , and in southern Switzerland . It s karyotype has Ploidy Diploid 2n 24 25 and Karyotype Fundamental number FN 40. Until 2002, it was viewed as a chromosomal race of the wide ranging and karyotypically Polymorphism biology polymorphic species Sorex araneus S. araneus . ref name iucn References reflist Soricomorpha S2. Category Sorex redtoothed shrew stub br Minoc h Valais ca Sorex antinorii eu Sorex antinorii fr Musaraigne du Valais ... more details
us. A normal human karyotype is designated as 46,XX or 46,XY, indicating 46 chromosomes with an XX ... of human karyotype see cite web author Mittleman, A. editor year 1995 url http www.iscn1995.org ..., we will use females for the karyotype designation 46,XX . The extra chromosomal material ... Image Down Syndrome Karyotype.png right thumb Karyotype for trisomy Down syndrome. Notice the three ... 21. The trisomy 21 karyotype figure shows the chromosomal arrangement, with the prominent extra ... right thumb Translocation karyotype for Down syndrome with 14 21 Robertsonian translocation ...,t 14 21q or itself called an isochromosome , 45,XX,t 21q 21q as seen in the translocation karyotype ... leads to a translocation Down syndrome child see translocation karyotype figure . The third ... Aneuploidy Karyotype References reflist Category Down syndrome ... more details
Professor T.C. Hsu Traditional Chinese , Simplified Chinese pinyin X D oju , 17 April 1917 &ndash 9 July 2003 , was a Chinese American cell biologist . He was the 13 sup th sup president of American Society for Cell Biology , and known as the Father of Mammalian Cytogenetics ref http content.karger.com ProdukteDB produkte.asp?Aktion ShowPDF&ProduktNr 224037&Ausgabe 230069&ArtikelNr 78954&filename 78954.pdf T.C. Hsu In memory of a rare scientist ref . Life Hsu was born Tao Chiuh Hsu in Shaoxing , Zhejiang , China . He did his undergraduate and postgraduate studies in the College of Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University . 1948, he went to USA, and obtained PhD from the University of Texas at Austin in 1951. He determined the accurate haploid chromosome number of Homo sapiens and characterized the human karyotype. His historic paper Mammalian chromosomes in vitro the karyotype of Man was published in 1952. ref Hsu T.C. 1952. Mammalian chromosomes in vitro the karyotype of Man. J. Heredity 43 , 167 72. ref ref Hsu T.C. Human and mammalian cytogenetics an historical perspective . Springer Verlag N.Y. 1979. ref He worked in the laboratory of Charles Pomerat at UTMB in the early 50s where he discovered an improved method of preparing chromosomes that led to the accurate identification of 23 pairs of chromosomes in human somatic cells. He was president of the American Society for Cell Biology and served on faculty at M.D. Anderson for more than 30 years. He was a UTMB GSBS Distinguished Alumnus Award recipient in 1996. He is also a recipient of The International Center in New York s Award of Excellence. His autobiography was published in the American Journal of Medical Genetics 59 304 325 1995 . He died in Houston, Texas , USA. See also Cytogenetics Karyotype References references External links http cse.nias.affrc.go.jp shignak chromosome.net tchsu.html Announcement of death http content.karger.com ProdukteDB produkte.asp?Aktion ShowPDF&ProduktNr 224037&Ausga ... more details
Erondu Cymet syndrome is a syndrome caused by a translocation on the Chromosome 21 human 21st chromosome . ref name ecs cite pmid 17898432 ref The genetic karyotype for people with this condition is 46, XY, inv 21 q11.2q22.1 . Findings in these patients include hypotension, hypoxemia, seizures, and impairment of cognitive ability. ref name ecs Patients with this condition may have persistent left superior vena cava that drains into the left atrium, as well as pulmonary arterio venous malformations. Erondu Cymet Syndrome was discovered in 2006 by Ugochi Erondu and Tyler Cymet . ref name ecs See also Trisomy 21 References reflist Category Genetic disorders with no OMIM Category Syndromes genetic disorder stub ... more details
Congenital lymphedema is a blockage of fluid in the developing fetal lymphatic system . It is diagnosed by a nuchal scan . Presence of this condition is also associated with congenital heart defect . ref http journals.lww.com obgynsurvey Abstract 2006 01000 Relationship Between Nuchal Translucency Thickness.7.aspx Relationship Between Nuchal Translucency Thickness and Prevalence of Major Cardiac Defects in Fetuses With Normal Karyotype , by Atzei, A Gajewska, K Huggon, I C. Allan, L Nicolaides, K H. Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey. January 2006. Volume 61, Issue 1, pages 8 10. ref See also Amniotic band syndrome HNRPH1 Norman Roberts syndrome Reelin References references Category Lymphatic system Category Diseases of veins, lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes Congenital malformations and deformations of integument Lymphatic disease Hemodynamics ... more details
A blastoma is a type of cancer that is caused by malignancies in precursor cell s, often called blasts. Examples are nephroblastoma , medulloblastoma and retinoblastoma The suffix blastoma is used to imply a tumor of primitive, incompletely differentiated or precursor cells, i.e., chondroblastoma is composed of cells resembling the precursor of chondrocytes. Blastomas usually occur in children. Molecular biology and treatment Many types of blastoma have been linked to a mutation in tumor suppressor genes. For example pleuropulmonary blastoma s have been linked to a mutation of the coding for p53 . However, the mutation which allows proliferation of incompletely differentiated cells can vary from patient to patient and a mutation can alter the prognosis. In the case of retinoblastoma, patients carry a visibly abnormal karyotype , with a loss of function mutation on a specific band of chromosome 13. This recessive deletion on the rb gene is also associated with other cancer types and must be present on both alleles for a normal cell to progress towards malignancy . ref B. Alberts et al. Molecular Biology of the Cell 5th ed. . New York, Garland Science 2008 http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov books NBK21054 NCBI Bookshelf ref Thus, in the case of common blastomas, such as retinoblastoma s, a practitioner may go directly into treatment, but in the case of rarer, more genetically linked blastomas, practitioners may karyotype the patient before proceeding with treatment. Citation needed date March 2011 Types of blastomas Hepatoblastoma Medulloblastoma Nephroblastoma Neuroblastoma Pancreatoblastoma Pleuropulmonary blastoma Retinoblastoma References Reflist Category Types of neoplasia Category Pediatric cancers Oncology stub de Blastom kk lt Blastoma nl Blastoom ru ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Anorchia Image Caption DiseasesDB 29633 ICD10 ICD10 Q 55 0 q 50 ICD9 ICD9 752.89 ICDO OMIM 273250 MedlinePlus 001185 eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Anorchia or anorchism , sometimes spelled anarchism is a medical condition where both testes are absent at childbirth birth . Within a few weeks of fertilization , the embryo develops rudimentary sex organs , which are crucial to the development of the reproductive system . In the human male, if these fail to develop within eight weeks, the baby will have female genitalia see Swyer syndrome . If the testes are lost between eight and 10 weeks, the baby will have ambiguous genitalia when it is born. However, if the testes are lost after 14 weeks, the baby will have a normal male reproductive system , other than the absence of testes. citation needed date February 2012 Individuals with this condition have a 46,XY karyotype. Signs include an empty scrotum and lack of secondary sex characteristics . Medical test Tests include testosterone levels low follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone levels elevated X,Y karyotype ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging showing absent gonadal tissue bone density low anti Mullerian hormone levels low surgical exploration for evidence of male gonadal tissue. Treatment Treatment includes androgen male hormone supplementation, testicular prosthetic implantation, and psychological support. Other names Other names for anorchia include congenital anorchia vanishing testes syndrome vanishing testes empty scrotum testicular regression syndrome TRS See also Cryptorchidism Monorchism References cite web title Anorchia work University of Maryland Medical Center url http www.umm.edu ency article 001185.htm accessdate January 25, 2006 http www.nlm.nih.gov medlineplus Male congenital malformations of genital organs, indeterminate sex and pseudohermaphroditism Category Congenital disorders of male genital organs cs Anorchismus de Anorchie es Anorquia fr Anorchidie ... more details
Taxobox name Flamarion s tuco tuco image Ctenomys flamarioni.jpg status EN status system iucn3.1 status ref ref name iucn IUCN2008 assessors Catzeflis, F., Patton, J., Percequillo, A., Bonvicino, C. & Weksler, M. year 2008 id 136464 title Ctenomys flamarioni downloaded 5 January 2009 ref regnum Animalia phylum Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Rodent ia familia Ctenomyidae genus Ctenomys species C. flamarioni binomial Ctenomys flamarioni binomial authority Travi, 1981 Flamarion s tuco tuco ref name MSW3 or tuco tuco of the dunes , ref name iucn Ctenomys flamarioni , is a South America n rodent species of the family Ctenomyidae . ref name MSW3 MSW3 Hystricognathi id 13400299 page 1563 ref Its karyotype has Ploidy Diploid 2n 48 and Karyotype Fundamental number FN 50 78. ref name MSW3 It is found in coastal dunes of Rio Grande do Sul state, southern Brazil . ref name MSW3 The species is threatened by habitat loss due to dune removal and urbanization. ref name iucn It is named after Brazilian biologist Luiz Flamarion B. de Oliveira. ref Cite book last Beolens first Bo authorlink coauthors Watkins, Michael Grayson, Michael title The Eponym Dictionary of Mammals publisher The Johns Hopkins University Press date 2009 09 28 location Baltimore pages 592 see p. 136 url http google.com books?id I kSmWLc6vYC&pg PA136 doi id isbn 978 0801893049 oclc 270129903 ref References reflist http www.natureserve.org infonatura Infonatura Category Mammals of Brazil Ctenomyidae nav rodent stub Category Tuco tucos eu Ctenomys flamarioni pl Ctenomys flamarioni uk Ctenomys flamarioni ... more details
Taxobox name Central American red brocket image status DD status system iucn3.1 status ref ref name iucn IUCN2008 assessors Bello, J., Reyna, R. & Schipper, J. year 2008 id 136290 title Mazama temama downloaded 19 March 2009 ref regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Artiodactyla familia Cervidae genus Mazama genus Mazama species M. temama binomial Mazama temama binomial authority Robert Kerr writer Kerr , 1792 subdivision ranks Subspecies subdivision M. temama temama Subspecies Nominate subspecies nominate br M. temama cerasina br M. temama reperticia The Central American red brocket , Mazama temama , is a species of brocket deer ranging from southern Mexico , through Central America , to northwestern Colombia . ref name MSW3 MSW3 Artiodactyla id 14200262 page 657 ref It was formerly treated as a subspecies of the Red Brocket red brocket from South America , but its karyotype has Ploidy Diploid 2n 50, while the latter s was initially described as having 2n 68 70. ref name iucn However, a more recent description gives the red brocket a variable karyotype with 2n varying from 48 to 54. ref name iucn2 IUCN2008 assessors Durate, J.M.B., Vogliotti, A. & Barbanti, M. year 2008 id 29619 title Mazama americana downloaded 7 November 2009 ref It is sympatric with the Yucatan Brown Brocket Yucatan brown brocket over part of its range. The species is found in primary and secondary tropical forest, and is probably threatened by hunting and deforestation. ref name iucn References reflist Emmons, L.H. 1997 . Neotropical Rainforest Mammals , 2nd ed. University of Chicago Press ISBN 0 226 20721 8 Artiodactyla R.1 even toed ungulate stub CentralAm stub Category Mammals of Central America Category Mazama az Mazama temama ca Mazama centreameric es Mazama temama eu Mazama temama it Mazama temama ... more details
Taxobox name Lesser capybara status DD status system iucn3.1 status ref ref name iucn IUCN2009.1 assessors Aguilera, M., G mez Laverde, M., Delgado, C., Samudio, R., Emmons, L., Gonz lez, J. & Pino, J. year 2008 id 136277 title Hydrochoerus isthmius downloaded 11 June 2009 ref image image width regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata subphylum Vertebrata classis Mammal ia ordo Rodent ia subordo Hystricomorpha familia Caviidae subfamilia Hydrochoerinae genus Hydrochoerus species H. isthmius binomial Hydrochoerus isthmius species authority Edward Alphonso Goldman Goldman , 1912 binomial authority Mones, 1991 range map Lesser Capybara range.png range map width 200px range map caption The range of the lesser capybara The lesser capybara Hydrochoerus isthmius ref name UMichigan http animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu site accounts classification Hydrochoerus isthmius.html Hydrochoerus isthmius lesser capybara . University of Michigan Museum of Zoology, Animal Diversity Web. Retrieved on June 11, 2009. ref is a large List of semiaquatic organisms semiaquatic rodent of the family Caviidae found in eastern Panama , northwestern Colombia and western Venezuela . ref name MSW3 MSW3 Hystricognathi id 13400219 page 1556 ref It was recognized as a distinct subspecies of capybara in 1912, and was elevated to species status in 1991. It breeds year round, with an average litter size of 3.5. ref name iucn It is threatened by Hunter gatherer subsistence hunting , the destruction of gallery forest s and swamp drainage, specifically the swamp drainage of the Magdalena River . ref name iucn Its karyotype has Ploidy Diploid 2n 64 and Karyotype Fundamental number FN 104. ref name MSW3 References reflist rodent stub Caviidae nav Category Mammals of South America Category Mammals of Central America Category Mammals of Colombia Category Mammals of Venezuela Category Cavies br Kapibara bihan hu Kis kapibara pl Hydrochoerus isthmius pt Hydrochoerus isthmius uk ... more details
Taxobox name Cerrado climbing mouse status LC status system IUCN3.1 status ref ref name iucn IUCN2009.1 assessors Patton, J., Catzeflis, F., Weksler, M. & Percequillo, A. year 2008 id 136422 title Rhipidomys macrurus downloaded 14 June 2009 ref regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata classis Mammal ia ordo Rodent ia familia Cricetidae genus Rhipidomys species R. macrurus binomial Rhipidomys macrurus species authority Paul Gervais Gervais , 1855 The cerrado climbing mouse Rhipidomys macrurus is an Arboreal locomotion arboreal rodent species in the family Cricetidae from South America . It is found in central and eastern Brazil in forests of the cerrado and caatinga , and has also been seen in the Atlantic Forest . ref name iucn Its karyotype is Ploidy Diploid 2n 44 , karyotype Fundamental number FN 48 52. ref name MSW3 MSW3 Muroidea id 13000893 page 1170 ref It is sometimes commonly known as the long tailed rhipidomys . The Atlantic Forest climbing mouse Rhipidomys mastacalis has sometimes been similarly referred to as the long tailed climbing mouse . Rodents of genus Vandeleuria are also commonly known as long tailed climbing mice. This species should also not be confused with the cerrado mouse, Thalpomys cerradensis , the cerrado red nosed mouse, Wiedomys cerradensis , or the cerrado grass mouse, Akodon serrensis . References reflist http www.natureserve.org infonatura Infonatura Category Mammals of Brazil Category Thomasomyini Rhipidomys stub eu Rhipidomys macrurus ... more details
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