Taxobox name Kenaf image Hibiscus cannabinus0.jpg regnum Plantae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked ... binomial Hibiscus cannabinus binomial authority Carolus Linnaeus L. Kenaf etymology Persian , ref kenaf. Webster s Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged. Merriam Webster, 2002. http ... origin is unknown. The name also applies to the fibre obtained from this plant. Kenaf is one of the allied ... kenaf Persian origin , Deccan hemp, Java jute... French language French chanvre de Bombay, chanvre ..., Hanfeibisch, Javajute, Kenaf, Rosellahanf, Roselle, Siamjute Portuguese language Portuguese ... and Suzuta 1937 , there are more than 129 names for kenaf worldwide. Characteristics Image Kenaf.jpg left thumb Dried Kenaf stems It is an annual plant annual or biennial plant biennial herbaceous plant ... is a capsule fruit capsule 2 cm diameter, containing several seed s. Fibre The fibres in kenaf ... . Uses Kenaf is cultivated for its fibre in India , Bangladesh , United States of America , Indonesia ... fibre in the core. It matures in 100 to 200 days. Kenaf was grown in Egypt over 3000 years ago. The kenaf leaves were consumed in human and animal diets, the bast fibre was used for bags, cordage ... countries such as the US, Mexico and Senegal. The main uses of kenaf fibre have been rope , twine ... 3,200 acres 13 km of kenaf were grown in 1992, most of which was used for animal bedding and feed. Uses of kenaf fibre include engineered wood , Building insulation insulation , clothing .... Kenaf can be made into various types of environmental mats, such as seeded grass mats for instant ... to manufacture kenaf fibre boards and export them to Japan. Additionally, as part of its overall ... in part from kenaf. The first implementation of kenaf within a Ford vehicle will be in the 2013 Ford Escape. Citation needed date March 2012 The use of kenaf is anticipated to offset 300,000 ... percent. Weight savings translate into fuel savings for drivers. Kenaf seed oil Kenaf seeds yield ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 A natural material is any product or physical matter that comes from plants, animals, or the ground. Minerals and the metals that can be extracted from them without further modification are also considered to belong into this category. Here is a list of some natural materials and their group types. Biotic material s Wood rattan , bamboo , bark etc. Natural fiber s wool , cotton , flax , hemp , jute , kapok , kenaf , moss , etc. Inorganic material Rock geology Stone flint , granite , obsidian , sandstone , sand , Gemstone gems , glass , etc. Metal copper , bronze , iron , gold , silver , steel , etc. Composite material Composite s clay , porcelain , plasticine , etc. Other natural materials. Soil See also Material science Synthetic material Natural resources Building material Metamaterials discusses characteristics of natural materials in contrast to periodic, artificially constructed, composite materials. Category Natural materials material stub cy Defnydd naturiol ms Bahan semula jadi sv Naturmaterial ... more details
Distinguish Wood free paper Tree free paper or tree free newsprint describes an alternative to wood pulp paper by its raw material composition. It is claimed to be more environmentally friendly eco friendly considering the product s life cycle assessment entire life cycle . Sources of fibre for tree free paper include ref cite web url http treefreepaper.com treefree101.php title Treefree 101 accessdate 2008 10 15 ref agricultural residues i.e. Bagasse sugarcane bagasse , husk s and straw fibre crop s and wild plants, such as bamboo , kenaf , hemp , jute , and flax textile s and cordage wastes Non fibre sources include calcium carbonate bound by a non toxic high density polyethylene resin See also Paper Cotton paper Paper recycling Wood free paper References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Tree Free Paper Category Paper Category Sustainability Category Deforestation ... more details
yarn, fabric, packaging, and paper. Some examples are flax , jute , kenaf , industrial hemp .... The most used vegetable fibers are cotton, flax and hemp, although sisal, jute, kenaf, bamboo and coconut ... Fibres 2009 References reflist In the United States in 2009 over 50 million pounds of kenaf were grown. The states with the highest amount of kenaf production in 2009 were North Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi. The harvested kenaf is about 65 core material and about 35 bast fiber. External ... more details
wiktionarypar Hemp Hemp may refer to Hemp , Cannabis as a source of industrial, food and other non drug products, including cultivation information. Hemp HEMP the trading symbol for Marijuana Inc, a publicly traded company also quoted as HEMP PK on the OTC Markets. Cannabis , Cannabis as a source of industrial, food and other non drug products, including cultivation information. Cannabis as a genus of plant Cannabis drug , about the use of C. sativa and C. indica as drugs, including Marijuana, Hashish, and others. Cannabis drug cultivation , about cultivation of the Cannabis plants to produce drugs. HEMP Party , Help End Marijuana Prohibition, an Australian political party Kenaf Hibiscus cannabinus , also known as Ambari hemp and Deccan hemp Roselle plant Roselle Fiber Hibiscus sabdariffa , known as Roselle hemp . Jute Corchorus genus , known as Bengal hemp , Calcutta hemp , and Madras Hemp Manila hemp Musa textilis Sisal Agave sisalana , known also as sisal hemp High altitude Electromagnetic Pulse, an electromagnetic bomb Highly Enjoyable Magic Potion HEMP Energy Drink , New Zealand Energy drink available in New Zealand and Australia. disambig cs Konop rozcestn k da Hamp flertydig ... more details
Image Bobinas de hilo de algod n mercerizado Cotton thread reels.jpg thumb right Mercerized cotton yarn reels Image Spool of white thread.jpg thumb right Spool of a two ply mercerized cotton thread with a polyester core. Individual staples can be seen in close up view. Mercerization is a treatment for cotton Cloth fabric and Yarn thread that gives fabric or yarns a lustrous appearance and strengthens them. The process is applied to cellulosic materials like cotton or hemp . History The process was devised in 1844 by John Mercer scientist John Mercer of Great Harwood , Lancashire , UK , who treated cotton fibres with sodium hydroxide . The treatment caused the fibres to swell, which in Mercer s version of the process shrank the overall fabric size and made it stronger and easier to dye. The process did not become popular, however, until H. A. Lowe improved it into its modern form in 1890. By holding the cotton during treatment to prevent it from shrinking, Lowe found that the fibre gained a lustrous appearance. ref cite book author J. Gordon Cook title Handbook of Textile Fibres Volume I Natural Fibres publisher Woodhead year 1984 isbn 1855734842 page 68 ref ref cite web last Beaudet first Tom title What is Mercerized cotton? publisher FiberArts.org date 1999 url http fiberarts.org design articles mercerized.html accessdate 2007 01 03 ref Process Mercerisation alters the chemical structure of the cotton fibre. The structure of the fibre inter converts from alpha cellulose to a thermodynamically more favourable beta cellulose polymorph. Mercerising results in the swelling of the cell wall of the cotton fibre. This causes increase in the surface area and reflectance, and gives the fibre a softer feel. ref http www.cotton.org journal 1999 03 2 upload jcs03 060.pdf Textile Technology Cotton Kenaf Fabrics a Viable Natural Fabric , P. Bel Berger, et al. Journal of Cotton Science , 3 60 70 1999 . Cotton kenaf fabrics can be further improved in softness and hand the feel of ... more details
Merge to Bioproducts date July 2010 Biobased product , was defined by the United States Secretary of Agriculture in the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 as follows, The term biobased product means a product determined by the Secretary to be a commercial or industrial product other than food or feed that is composed, in whole or in significant part, of biological products or renewable domestic agricultural materials including plant, animal, and marine materials or forestry materials OR an intermediate feedstock . Sources of biobased products Some examples of agricultural resources that make up many biobase d products include soybeans , maize corn , kenaf , flax , jute , and numerous other types of crops that are harvested. Current applications of these agricultural resources create products such as ethanol corn based , soybean wax soy candles , soy soy based lubricants, kenaf office paper, and bioplastic s to name a few. Benefits of biobased products The purchasing of biobased products helps many of the farmers across America who grow corn, soybeans, and other resources used by companies in the biobased industry. For example, ethanol is currently one of the leading alternative fuel sources in the U.S. In 2005 year, the http www.ethanolrfa.org Renewable Fuels Association reported convert 3,904 e6USgal m3 produced by 81 plants. Currently for the 2006 year, there are 97 ethanol plants with 33 more in production. A majority of these plants are owned by a collective of farms across the midwest. Another key benefit of biobased products is that they are not petroleum based. This helps alleviate the consumption of resources that harm the environment in terms of biodegrability, toxicity, and pollution. Organizations for biobasedproducts The following organizations are leading the way in supporting the Biobased Industry. BioPreferred Program The http www.biopreferred.gov program was created after the passing of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 F ... more details
Unreferenced date July 2009 A fire resistant material is one that is designed to resist combustion burning and withstand heat . It is used in the bunker gear worn by firefighter s to protect them from the flame s in a burning building. Most auto racing drivers also wear fire retardant materials in case their car catches fire. Fire retardant materials are designed to burn slowly, in contrast to fire resistant materials, which are designed not to burn at all. Fire retardant materials used in buildings rock wool gypsum boards asbestos cement perlite boards calcium silicate boards treated lumber plywood Treated vegetable fiber e.g. Cotton , Jute , Kenaf , Hemp , Flax , etc.. Fire retardant materials used in clothing Twaron http www.tarasafe.in TARAMID a TARASafe trademark Nomex a DuPont trademark Arselon Khimvolokno trademark coated nylon Carbon Foam M5 fiber Kevlar http www.tarasafe.in TARACOMFORT a TARASafe trademark Proban fr cotton www.rhodia proban.com http www.tohotenaxamerica.com oxipan.php PYROMEX a trademark of Toho Tenax Pyrovatex fr cotton http www.daleas.com daweb.nsf FS?OpenFrameSet Dale Antiflame http www.westexinc.com Indura fr cotton Technora Teijinconex http www.lenzing.com fibers en textiles 2883.jsp Lenzing FR fire retardant Rayon http www.chapmaninnovations.com index.php Carbon X http www.kanox.com.tw genuine english kanox e kanox e 01.html Kanox http www.kanox.com.tw genuine english mazic e mazic e 01.html Mazic Modacrylic http www.swicofil.com kermel.html Kermel Polybenzimidazole fiber PBI http www.benchmarkfr.com index.php?route information information&information id 7 how Benchmark FR Wool Characteristics Wool References reflist See also Fireproof External links http www.fireretardant forum.com The Fire Retardant Forum Meeting place for all Flame Retardant related issues for producers and users of flame retardants. http www.fireretard.com www.fireretard.com A European group of research organizations and manufacturers, providing research and infor ... more details
File Hemp sack,asabukuro,japan.JPG thumb A gunny sack A gunny sack is an inexpensive bag made of burlap , also known as a gunny shoe . Gunny sacks are traditionally used for transporting grains, potatoes, and other agricultural products. Today they are also sometimes used as sandbags for erosion control . They are usually made from jute or other natural fiber s, although modern sacks are often made from polypropylene . Gunny sacks are also popular in the traditional children s game of sack race s. Size A gunny sack holds approximately 100 pounds of potatoes. Even though gunny sacks are no longer used for that purpose, among Idaho farmers the common measurement unit of potatoes is still the sack . ref South, David B. Protect Your Potatoes http www.static.monolithic.com gallery industrial potato index.html Accessed 2011 02 18. ref Properties Because gunny sacks are made from natural fiber s, some who date February 2011 consider them to be environmentally friendly . They are non carcinogenic and non toxic. High breathable fabric breathability allows air to pass through them, which helps packaged grains or other agricultural commodities stay fresh. Sacks made from jute , hemp and kenaf fiber have high tensile strength . As a result, piling sacks one on top of the other does not tear or distort the yarn of the lowest residing sacks in the pile. citation needed date February 2011 References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Gunny Sack Category Bags ko id Karung goni ja ta ... more details
chembox Watchedfields changed verifiedrevid 387950174 Name Proanthocyanidin B5 Reference ImageFile Procyanidin B5.svg ImageName Chemical structure of proanthocyanidin B5 ImageSize 200px IUPACName OtherNames Procyanidin B5 Section1 Chembox Identifiers CASNo CASOther PubChem 124017 SMILES Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 30 sub H sub 26 sub O sub 12 sub MolarMass 578.52 g mol ExactMass 578.142426 u Appearance Density MeltingPtC BoilingPt Solubility Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition Proanthocyanidin B5 is a B type proanthocyanidin . Proanthocyanidin B5 is an epicatechin 4 6 epicatechin dimer. It can be found in grape seeds ref name da Silva http www.sciencedirect.com science? ob ArticleURL& udi B6TH7 42HXHB0 W4& user 10& coverDate 12 2F31 2F1991& rdoc 1& fmt high& orig search& origin search& sort d& docanchor &view c& acct C000050221& version 1& urlVersion 0& userid 10&md5 f9ce6753533a3e2f4b4024a9c6b9de0f&searchtype a Procyanidin dimers and trimers from grape seeds. Jorge M. Ricardo da Silva, Jacques Rigaud, V ronique Cheynier, Annie Cheminat and Michel Moutounet, Phytochemistry, Volume 30, Issue 4, 1991, Pages 1259 1264 ref and in Hibiscus cannabinus kenaf root and bark ref http www.springerlink.com content m13klxk59067014l Dimeric proanthocyanidins of Hibiscus cannabinus. Fam Van Tkhin , B. Makhsudova and O. S. Otroshchenko, Chemistry of Natural Compounds, Volume 18, Number 3, 310 314, DOI 10.1007 BF00580458 ref . References reflist proanthocyanidin Category proanthocyanidins Natural phenol stub fa ... more details
Sforno is the name of a prominent Jew ish Italy Italian family, many members of which distinguished themselves as rabbi s and scholars. The most prominent of these were the following Hananeel ben Jacob Sforno Scholar of Talmud . He lived at Bologna in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, and was the brother of Obadiah Sforno, who mentions him in the introduction to his commentary on the Pentateuch . Obadiah also writes that Hananeel was a financier , and at one point, supported Obadiah financially. A responsa responsum of Hananeel s was inserted by Shabbethai Baer in his Beer Eshek . Israel Sforno Talmudist lived at Viadano in the sixteenth century. A halakhic decision of his is quoted in a manuscript collection of 260 responsa of the Italian rabbis No. 235 . Jacob ben Obadiah Sforno Venice Venetian scholar of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Shabbethai Bass , and, after him, Wolf, attributed to Jacob a work entitled Iggeret ha e amim Venice, 1600 , containing mystic explanations of the accents. The correctness of the ascription is, however, doubted by Steinschneider , who believes that this work is identical with one of the same title by Aaron Abraham ben Baruch . Nissim Isaac ben Judah Sforno A rabbi at Mantua in the sixteenth century. He was the author of an epistle on the Kuzari . A responsum legal novella of his is quoted in the above mentioned collection. Obadiah ben Israel Sforno Venetian Talmudist of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. He edited Menahem Azariah di Fano s Yemin Adonai Romemah Venice, n.d. and a responsum of his is inserted in Di Fano s collection of Responsa Venice, n.d., p. 83 . Obadiah ben Jacob Sforno Italian exegete , philosopher , and physician born at Cesena about 1475 died at Bologna in 1550. See the main article on him, Obadiah ben Jacob Sforno . Osheah ben Nissim Isaac Sforno Rabbi at Mantua in the first half of the seventeenth century. A religious poem of his was inserted by Joseph Jedidiah Karmi in his Kenaf Renanim ... more details
Image Labeledstemforposter copy new.jpg thumb Flax stem cross section, showing locations of underlying tissues. Ep Epidermis botany epidermis C Cortex botany cortex BF bast fibres P phloem X xylem Pi pith Bast fibre or skin fibre is plant fibre collected from the phloem the inner bark or the skin or bast surrounding the stem of certain, mainly dicotyledon ous, plant s. They support the conductive cells of the phloem and provide strength to the stem. Most of the technically important bast fibres are obtained from herbs cultivated in agriculture, as for instance flax , hemp , or ramie , but also bast fibres from wild plants, as stinging nettle , and trees such as Tilia lime or linden , have been used to some extent. Since the valuable fibres are located in the phloem, they must often be separated from the xylem material woody core , and sometimes also from epidermis botany epidermis . The process for this is called retting , and can be performed by micro organisms either on land nowadays the most important or in water, or by chemicals for instance high pH and chelating agents or by pectin olytic enzyme s. In the phloem bast fibres occur in bundles that are glued together by pectin and calcium ion s. More intense retting separates the fibre bundles into elementary fibres, that can be several centimetres long. Often bast fibres have higher tensile strength than other kinds, and are used in high quality textile s sometimes in blends with cotton or synthetic fibres , rope s, yarn , paper , composite material s and burlap . A special property of bast fibres is that they contain a special structure, the fibre node , that represents a weak point. Seed hairs, such as cotton, do not have nodes. Examples are Jute Hemp Flax Linen Ramie Kenaf Kudzu Nettle Okra Paper Mulberry Roselle hemp Rattan Wisteria Use of bast fibre Bast fibres are processed for use in carpet yarn , rope , geotextile netting or matting , traditional carpets, burlap hessian or burlap , paper , sacks, etc. Bas ... more details
Started in 2008, http www.ChloroFilms.org ChloroFilms was organized as an international competition to promote the creation and use of attention getting videos about the life and inner workings of plants and their unique abilities. The short videos are hosted on YouTube and assessed by a panel of judges from around the world ref http chlorofilms.org index.php?module Pages&func display&pageid 6 ref . With funding and support from three plant biology organizations, http www.ChloroFilms.org ChloroFilms awarded over 13,000 in cash prizes in 2009 and 2010 ref http www.eurekalert.org pub releases 2010 09 ps wop090710.php ref . The grand prize winner in 2009 was a 6 min video entitled http www.youtube.com watch?v 6pHGN04CPEM Fertile Eyes which graphically and humorously compares human and plant sexuality in a captivating way. A first prize went to Kris Holmes for her flower power animation http www.youtube.com watch?v m1ag6BSzvQQ LaBloomba . Grand prize winners in 2010 include http www.youtube.com watch?v zlw 50RHoec Arabidopsis flower in 3D , which takes the viewer inside a plant and a flower bud using thin microscopic sections combined with video processing software, and http www.youtube.com watch?v BwT7osjFfIE Kenaf Callus Hoedown , which uses lively fiddle music and stop motion film techniques to show the steps used in plant tissue culture. Other award winning videos include a humorous animation of http www.youtube.com watch?v 7sRZy9PgPvg vesicle trafficking inside cells , the http www.youtube.com watch?v ufsQEMst90g ecology of forests , a http www.youtube.com watch?v cnK7RT1q0bA song about the Golgi apparatus , and more than 40 additional videos from around the world, illustrating aspects of plant life ref http chlorofilms.org index.php?module Pages&func display&pageid 18 ref ref http www.biofortified.org 2009 05 chlorofilms ref . A fourth contest is scheduled for fall 2010 ref http www.youtube.com watch?v 2b2goM0 i8A ref . Sponsors of ChloroFilms include the http www ... more details
Image TOYOTA i unit.jpg thumb right Toyota i Unit. Image Toyota I Unit low position with passenger.jpg thumb right The i Unit in the low position at the Internationale Automobil Ausstellung IAA 2005 in Frankfurt . Image Toyota I Unit high position.jpg thumb right The i Unit in the high position at the Internationale Automobil Ausstellung IAA 2005 in Frankfurt . The i unit named i leaf for the U.S. and Puerto Rico is an ultra compact single seater four wheeled Toyota concept car . It debuted at the World Expo 2005 , held in Aichi Prefecture , Japan . The vehicle is a cross between a microcar , a motorcycle, and a vehicular exoskeleton . The goal of Toyota is to provide a personal mobility , which can be used on roads but also does not hinder interaction with pedestrian s. For this the i unit has two possible setups. First, there is an upright low speed setup, where the rider has a higher position and can have conversation s face to face with pedestrians and can move among people. This upright position can be transformed while driving to a low position, where the rider sits much lower and more reclined. This high speed setup has a much lower center of gravity and is for driving at higher speeds. The i unit weighs 180 kilogram s. It contains a lithium ion battery and features Intelligent Transport System technology. The rear wheels are powered by electric motors, and the device is steered with the front wheels. In the upright position it has a turning radius of convert 0.9 m in 1 , which means it can turn on the spot. The vehicle is controlled by two joystick like devices at the front of the armrests, and uses a Drive by wire technology. An Intelligent Transport System ITS technology aims to reduce the likelihood of accident s. The color of the lights can change according to the preferences or emotions of the operator. The shape was designed to symbolize a leaf , and the design incorporates environmentally friendly materials such as kenaf . This concept vehicle is of c ... more details
GFTCL Articles & Information on Jute, Kenaf, & Roselle Hemp . ref Jute is used in the manufacture ... International Jute Study Group IJSG Resources about jute, kenaf and roselle plants. jute.org http www.naturaljute.org ... more details
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