The LDAP Application Program Interface , described by RFC 1823 , is an Informational Request for Comments RFC that specifies an application programming interface in the C programming language C programming language for version 2 of the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol . Version 2 of LDAP is historic. Commonly available LDAP C APIs do not strictly adhere to this specification. External links RFC 1823 The LDAP Application Program Interface IETF Category C libraries compu lang stub ... more details
with support with LDAP based address books. Linux UNIX Evolution software Evolution the contacts part of GNOME s PIM can query LDAP servers. KAddressBook the address book application for KDE , capable of querying LDAP servers. Mac OS X Address Book application Address Book an LDAP aware address book ... of directory server s, including LDAP built into Mac OS X. Workgroup Manager a utility for configuring access to several types of directory server s, including LDAP built into Mac OS X Server and one of Apple s Server Admin Tools. Microsoft Windows Active Directory Explorer a free LDAP client tool from Microsoft Optimal IdM Middleware Json2Ldap a JSON RPC to LDAP gateway computer program gateway ... Notes reflist Category Directory services Category Lists of software LDAP software ... more details
LDAP Account Manager is a webfrontend for managing various account types in an Lightweight Directory Access Protocol LDAP directory. It is written in PHP . In contrast to tools like PhpLDAPadmin the focus is account based and to give the user a more abstract view on his directory. The application is licensed under the GNU General Public License . History The LDAP Account Manager LAM project was founded in February 2003. The first developers were Michael D rgner, Roland Gruber, Tilo Lutz and Leonhard Walchsh usl. The goal was to create an application to manage Samba software accounts. At this time Samba supported LDAP in its 2.x releases and version 3 was at alpha stage. But there was no GUI to manage them. Until LAM version 0.4.10 only Samba accounts could be managed. In the year 2004 the project started to develop a plugin architecture to support more account types. The first stable release with the new code was LAM 0.5.0 in September 2005. Features The most important account types which are supported by LAM are Samba, Unix and Kolab accounts. The user can define profiles for all account types to set default values. Account information can be exported as Portable Document Format PDF files. There is also the possibility to create users via file upload. Since 0.5.0 it includes the tree view of PhpLDAPadmin to access the raw LDAP attributes, too. LAM is translated to eight languages. See also List of LDAP software Related software Samba software Kolab External links http www.ldap account manager.org LDAP Account Manager homepage Category Database administration tools de LDAP Account Manager ... more details
Infobox file format name LDIF extension .ldif genre Data interchange standard RFC 2849 The LDAP Data Interchange Format LDIF is a standard plain text data interchange format for representing Lightweight Directory Access Protocol LDAP Lightweight Directory Access Protocol directory content and update requests. LDIF conveys directory content as a set of records, one record for each object or entry . It represents update requests, such as Add, Modify, Delete, and Rename, as a set of records, one record for each update request. LDIF was designed in the early 1990s by Tim Howes , Mark C Smith, and Gordon Good while at the University of Michigan . LDIF was updated and extended in the late 1990s for use with Version 3 of LDAP. This later version of LDIF is called version 1 and is formally specified in RFC 2849, an Internet Engineering Task Force IETF Standard Track Request for Comment RFC . RFC 2849, authored by Gordon Good, was published in June 2000 and is currently a Proposed Standard. A number of extensions to LDIF have been proposed over the years. One extension has been formally specified by the IETF and published. RFC 4525, authored by Kurt Zeilenga, extended LDIF to support the LDAP Modify Increment extension. It is expected that additional extensions will be published by the IETF in the future. Content Record Format Each content record is represented as a group of attributes, with records ... data from LDAP servers to LDIF content records tt ldapsearch tt , importing data from LDIF content records to LDAP servers tt ldapadd tt , and applying LDIF change records to LDAP servers tt ldapmodify ... false cn changetype add objectClass top objectClass organization o testing RFCs RFC 2849 &mdash The LDAP ... Protocol LDAP Technical Specification Road Map RFC 4525 &mdash LDAP Modify Increment Extension ... Internet standards cs LDAP Data Interchange Format de LDAP Data Interchange Format fr LDAP Data Interchange Format hu LDAP Data Interchange Format pl LDAP Data Interchange Format pt LDAP Data Interchange ... more details
refimprove date August 2010 The SLAPD Standalone LDAP Daemon and SLURPD Stand alone LDAP update replication daemon originally evolved within the long running project that developed the LDAP protocol. ref http ldapwiki.willeke.com wiki SLAPD ref Today, many LDAP Server Implementations are derived from the same code base of the original SLAPD and or evolutions of it. University of Michigan LDAP was co developed by Tim Howes of the University of Michigan, Steve Kille of Isode Limited, and Wengyik Yeong of Performance Systems International, in 1993. Netscape Communications Corporation In 1996 Netscape Communications Corporation hired several of the project s developers they worked on what became known as the Netscape Directory Server. SLAPD Implementations 389 Directory Server OpenLDAP Notes reflist Category Directory services Software stub ... more details
The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol LDAP IPAc en icon l d p is an application protocol for accessing ... network. ref http www2.computer.org portal web csdl doi 10.1109 MIC.2004.44 LDAP Framework, Practices, and Trends ref LDAP is defined in terms of Abstract Syntax Notation One ASN.1 and transmitted using ... is a list of subscribers with an address and a phone number. LDAP is specified in a series of Internet ... Interconnection OSI protocol stack. LDAP was originally intended to be a lightweight alternative ... protocols. Standalone LDAP directory servers soon followed, as did directory servers supporting both DAP and LDAP. The latter has become popular in enterprises, as LDAP removed any need to deploy an OSI ... Angle Inc., Tim Howes , and Steve Kille started work in 1996 on a new version of LDAP, LDAPv3 ... the Internet Engineering Task Force IETF . In the early engineering stages of LDAP, it was known ... was more easily implemented over the internet due to its relatively modest bandwidth usage. LDAP ... Location Protocol SLP . Protocol overview A client starts an LDAP session by connecting to an LDAP server, called a Directory System Agent DSA , by default on Transmission Control Protocol ... for a secure connection Bind Authentication authenticate and specify LDAP protocol version Search search ... alternative method of securing LDAP communication is using an Secure Socket Layer SSL tunneling protocol tunnel . This is denoted in LDAP URLs by using the URL scheme ldaps . The default port for LDAP over SSL is 636. The use of LDAP over SSL was common in LDAP Version 2 LDAPv2 but it was never ... ref Directory structure The protocol accesses LDAP directories, which follow the 1993 edition of the X.500 ... of the entry s operational attributes . An entry can look like this when represented in LDAP Data Interchange Format LDAP Data Interchange Format LDIF LDAP itself is a binary protocol dn cn John ... to the client. LDAP rarely defines any ordering The server may return the values of an attribute, the attributes ... more details
A metadirectory system provides for the flow of data between one or more directory service s and database s, in order to maintain synchronization of that data, and is an important part of identity management systems. The data being synchronized typically are collections of entries that contain user profiles and possibly authentication or policy information. Most metadirectory deployments synchronize data into at least one Lightweight Directory Access Protocol LDAP based directory server, to ensure that LDAP based applications such as single sign on and portal servers have access to recent data, even if the data is mastered in a non LDAP data source. Metadirectory products support filtering and transformation of data in transit. Most identity management suites from commercial vendors include a metadirectory product, or a provisioning User provisioning user provisioning product. Open source software http lsc project.org wiki about start Ldap Synchronization Connector synchronize data from any data source including databases, LDAP directories or files by reading, transforming and comparing these data between the source and the target referentials. These connectors can then be used to continuously synchronize a data source to a directory, for a one shot import or just to compare differences by outputting CSV or LDIF format reports. See also Virtual directory Identity correlation Microsoft Identity Integration Server Novell Identity Manager Category Directory services Category Data management de Metaverzeichnisdienst es Metadirectorio fr M ta annuaire pl Metakatalog ... more details
Unreferenced date July 2011 Notability Products date July 2011 Infobox software name JXplorer logo File JXplorer logo.png frameless screenshot caption developer Chris Betts, Trudi Ersvaer latest release version 3.2 latest release date latest preview version latest preview date operating system programming language Java programming language Java genre LDAP license Apache License Apache equivalent license website http jxplorer.org JXplorer is a free, open source client for browsing Lightweight Directory Access Protocol LDAP servers and LDAP Data Interchange Format LDIF files. It is released under an Apache equivalent license. JXplorer is written in Java and is platform independent, configurable, and has been translated into a number of languages. The primary authors and maintainers are Chris Betts and Trudi Ersvaer, originally both working in the CA, Inc. CA then Computer Associates eTrust Directory now CA Directory software lab in Melbourne, Australia . Several common Linux distributions include JXplorer Software for LDAP server administration. The software also runs on BSD variants, AIX operating system AIX , HP UX , Mac OS X , Solaris Operating System Solaris , Microsoft Windows 2000, XP and z OS . Key features are SSL, SASL and GSSAPI DSML LDIF I18n currently German, French, Japanese, Chinese optional LDAP filter constructor GUI extensible architecture. A limitation is the inability to browse flat directory structures with more than 2,000 nodes. Citation needed date July 2011 See also List of LDAP software External links Official website http jxplorer.org sourceforge jxplorer Category Directory services ... more details
Open Directory may refer to The Open Directory Project ODP , a human maintained directory of websites also known as DMOZ Apple Open Directory , an LDAP compatible directory service for Mac OS X Server The Sun Open Directory Service OpenDS project disambig ja ... more details
Infobox Software name Apache Directory Server logo screenshot caption developer Apache Software Foundation status Active latest release version 1.5.7 latest release date release date 2010 04 24 latest preview version latest preview date operating system Cross platform programming language Java programming language Java genre LDAP license Apache License 2.0 website http directory.apache.org Apache Directory is an open source project of the Apache Software Foundation . Its flagship product, the Apache Directory Server, is an embeddable directory server entirely written in Java programming language Java . It was certified Lightweight Directory Access Protocol LDAP v3 compatible by The Open Group in 2006. ref Cite web title The Apache Software Foundation Is Latest Technology Leader To Embrace LDAP Standard And Achieve Open Group Certification url http opengroup.org comm press 11oct06.html publisher The Open Directory date 11 October 2006 accessdate 30 June 2009 ref ref Cite web title What Apache Directory Server is url http directory.apache.org apacheds 1.0 11 what apache directory server is.html accessdate 30 June 2009 quote Please note that the server has been successfully certified by the Open Group in September 2006 LDAP certified . ref Besides LDAP, the server supports other protocols as well, and a Kerberos protocol Kerberos server. ref Cite web title What Apache Directory Server is url http directory.apache.org apacheds 1.0 11 what apache directory server is.html accessdate 30 June 2009 quote Other network protocols like Kerberos and NTP are supported ref A subproject implements an Eclipse based directory tool called Apache Directory Studio . It includes an LDAP browser editor, a schema browser, an LDAP Data Interchange Format LDIF editor, a Directory Service Markup Language DSML editor, and more. network software stub See also Portal Java List of LDAP software External links http directory.apache.org Apache Directory Server http directory.apache.org studio Apach ... more details
iGen also refers to the Generation Z iGeneration iGen is a suite of computer benchmark computing benchmark s designed to test and compare the performance of various systems. Initially developed by Benoit Chaffanjon from Sun Microsystems , it is developed in 100 Java and includes the following workloads iGenCPU A CPU microbenchmark simulating fractal generation iGenRAM A Memory microbenchmark simulating the California Lottery . iGenOLTP An OLTP database benchmark iGenBATCH A BATCH database benchmark iGenBIDW A Business Intelligence database benchmark iGenLDAPs An LDAP search benchmark iGenLDAPsm An LDAP SiteMinder emulation benchmark You can find some benchmark results here http blogs.sun.com MrBenchmark . Category Computer benchmarks Category Sun Microsystems software software stub ... more details
Infobox software name Mandriva Directory Server logo screenshot caption developer Mandriva latest release version 2.4.2 latest release date 26 September 2011 latest preview version latest preview date operating system Linux genre Directory service Directory server license GNU General Public License website http mds.mandriva.org Mandriva Directory Server Mandriva Directory Server MDS is an LDAP server developed by Mandriva. This is similar to Fedora Directory Server , Red Hat Directory Server , Novell eDirectory etc. for managing resources & infrastructure within the network. See also Portal Free software Fedora Directory Server Novell eDirectory List of LDAP software External links http mds.mandriva.org Mandriva Directory Server Category Directory services Linux stub fr Mandriva Directory Server ... more details
2010 ref cite web url http blog.dzhuvinov.com ?p 96 title Give your LDAP server a JSON front end ... LDAP client connections to one or more directory server s. Client web interface Version 2.0 of the JSON ... Sharing CORS requests. Supported standard LDAP directory operations as per RFC 4510 Bind authenticate ... an entry Modify an entry Modify distinguished name DN Unbind Supported extended LDAP operations Password Modify RFC 3062 StartTLS RFC 4511 Who am I RFC 4532 Supported extended LDAP controls Authorisation ... results RFC 2696 . Sub tree delete draft armijo ldap treedelete 02 . Non standard extensions Secure ... also Gateway computer program JSON RPC List of LDAP software References Reflist Category Java platform ... more details
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol LDAP Directory service license http www.openldap.org software ... software free , open source implementation of the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol LDAP developed ... Public License. ref http www.openldap.org software release license.html ref LDAP is a platform independent protocol. Several common Linux distributions include OpenLDAP Software for LDAP support. The software ... project kurt ref The project started by cloning the LDAP reference source from the University Of Michigan where a long running project had supported development and evolution of the LDAP protocol ... OpenLDAP Software has three main components slapd stand alone LDAP daemon computer software daemon and associated modules and tools, libraries implementing the LDAP Protocol computing protocol and ASN.1 ..., the OpenLDAP Project is home to a number of subprojects JLDAP LDAP class libraries for Java JDBC LDAP Java JDBC LDAP Bridge driver ldapc LDAP class libraries for C Backends Overall Concept Historically the OpenLDAP server slapd, the Standalone LDAP Daemon architecture was split between a frontend ... to other data storage systems back ldap simple proxy to other LDAP servers back meta proxy with meta ... data on the fly back config slapd configuration via LDAP back dnssrv Locates LDAP servers via DNS back monitor slapd statistics via LDAP back null a sink no op backend, analogous to Unix dev null back perl invokes arbitrary perl modules in response to LDAP requests back shell invokes shell scripts for LDAP requests back sock forwards LDAP requests over IPC to arbitrary daemons Some backends ... Ordinarily an LDAP request is received by the frontend, decoded, and then passed to a backend for processing ... the result to the LDAP client. An overlay is a piece of code that can be inserted between the frontend .... The core overlays include accesslog log server activity in another LDAP database, for LDAP accessible ... instead code is part of back ldap collect implement X.500 style collective attributes aka Netscape ... more details
lowercase getent getent is a unix command that helps a user get entries in a number of important text files called databases. This includes the passwd and group databases which store user information hence getent is a common way to look up user details on Unix. Since getent uses the same name service as the system, getent will show all information, including that gained from network information sources such as LDAP . The databases it searches in are ahosts, ahostsv4, ahostsv6, aliases, ethers Ethernet addresses , group, gshadow, hosts, netgroup, networks, passwd file passwd , protocols, rpc, services, and shadow. The general syntax is code getent database key ... code Thorsten Kukuk wrote the getent utility for the GNU C Library . Examples Fetch list of user accounts on a Unix system stored in a database called passwd . This will show all user accounts, regardless of the type of name service used. For example, if both local and LDAP name service are used for user accounts, the results will include all local and LDAP users code getent passwd code Fetch details for a particular user called joe code getent passwd joe code Fetch list of group accounts on a Unix system stored in a database called group code getent group code External links http www.linuxmanpages.com man1 getent.1.php The program s manpage Category Unix user management and support related utilities ... more details
Infobox software name BDII developer Laurence Field, David Horat CERN latest release version https savannah.cern.ch patch ?func detailitem&item id 3512 5.0.7 latest release date 25 November 2009 operating system Scientific Linux 4, 5 genre Grid computing license https svnweb.cern.ch trac gridinfo browser bdii trunk copyright Apache License, Version 2.0 website http cern.ch gridinfo The BDII , which stands for Berkeley Database Information Index , consists of a standard LDAP server which is updated by an external process. The update process obtains LDIF from a number of sources and merges them. It then compares this to the contents of the database and creates an LDIF file of the differences. This is then used to update the database. ref https twiki.cern.ch twiki bin view EGEE BDII Berkeley Database Information Index V5 ref It uses an LDAP implementation of the Grid Laboratory Uniform Environment data model. See also Grid Computing Grid Laboratory Uniform Environment LDAP CERN References Reflist 2 External links http cern.ch gridinfo Grid Information Product Team Category Servers computing ... more details
Directory Services Markup Language DSML is a representation of directory service information in an XML syntax. The DSML version 1 effort was announced by creator Bowstreet on July 12, 1999. Initiative supporters include AOL Netscape , Sun Microsystems , Oracle corporation Oracle , Novell , Microsoft , and IBM . It resulted in a Document Type Definition for a file containing the XML representation of entries in the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol LDAP data model, similar in spirit to LDAP Data Interchange Format LDIF . The DSML version 2 effort was promulgated in OASIS organization OASIS in 2001. It resulted in an XML schema for the representation of directory access operations based on that of LDAP, that could be carried in Simple Object Access Protocol SOAP . The SPML Service Provisioning Markup Language SPML also from OASIS is based on the concepts of DSMLv2, but does not have such a tight coupling to the LDAP information model. DSML is often pronounced dismal . External links http www.oasis open.org committees dsml docs DSMLv2.doc DSML v2.0 Specification http www.oasis open.org committees dsml errata DSMLv2errata.doc DSML v2.0 Specification errata http www.oasis open.org committees dsml docs DSMLv2.xsd DSML v2.0 Schema http www.oasis open.org committees dsml faq.php DSML V2 FAQ http www.dsmltools.org DSML Tools http xml.coverpages.org dsml.html Coverpages on DSML http www.javaworld.com javaworld jw 11 2000 jw 1110 dsml.html An article at JavaWorld http www.vordel.com news articles 01 12 08.html XML and Security OASIS Standards Category XML based standards de Directory Service Markup Language fr Directory Service Markup Language ... more details
Infobox software name phpLDAPadmin logo File screenshot File caption phpLDAPadmin collapsible author David Smith developer Deon George released start date 2003 discontinued latest release version 1.2.2 latest release date start date and age 2011 10 27 latest preview version latest preview date start date and age YYYY MM DD frequently updated yes programming language PHP operating system OS Independent platform Cross platform size language Multiple status Active, Stable genre LDAP Administration license GNU General Public License GPL website http phpldapadmin.sf.net phpldapadmin.sf.net Unreferenced date March 2009 lowercase phpLDAPadmin phpLDAPadmin is a Lightweight Directory Access Protocol LDAP administration web application written in PHP . It is licensed under the GNU General Public License . History The project began in Fall of 2002 when Dave Smith, lead developer, needed a robust web application to manage his LDAP servers. Originally, phpLDAPadmin was called DaveDAP, but in August 2003, the name was changed to phpLDAPadmin. Since that time, the software has been downloaded approximately 150 times per day, and is commonly used throughout the world. Two other developers have contributed to the code base Xavier Renard and Uwe Ebel. Xavier has focused on LDAP Data Interchange Format LDIF imports exports and Samba software integration. Uwe has focused on internationalizing the application. In Spring of 2005, Deon George took over maintenance of phpLDAPadmin. International features phpLDAPadmin is available in multiple languages and supports UTF 8 encoded directory strings. External links http phpldapadmin.sourceforge.net phpLDAPadmin Official Site Category Free software programmed in PHP Category Database administration tools web software stub database software stub es PhpLDAPadmin fr PhpLDAPadmin ... more details
Infobox scientist name Wengyik Yeong image image size caption birth date July 28, 1966 birth place Georgetown, Penang , Malaysia death date October 2007 death place Lower Paxton, Pennsylvania residence citizenship United States of America nationality ethnicity field Computer Science work institution PSINet alma mater Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute doctoral advisor doctoral students known for Lightweight Directory Access Protocol author abbreviation bot author abbreviation zoo prizes religion footnotes Wengyik Weng Yeong 1966 2007 ref cite web last first authorlink coauthors title PennLive.com Obituaries and Death Notices work Harrisburg Patriot News publisher date 2007 10 16 url http www.legacy.com PennLive DeathNotices.asp?Page Notice&PersonID 96231164 format doi accessdate 2007 10 22 ref was an American computer scientist . He is principally known for his work on the X.500 , Lightweight Directory Access Protocol LDAP , and Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP Internet protocols ref cite web last Adelstein first Tom authorlink coauthors title LDAP Series Part III The Historical Secrets work Linux Journal publisher date 2006 10 29 url http www.linuxjournal.com node 1000113 format doi accessdate 2007 10 22 ref . He also authored and edited several Internet Engineering Task Force Request for Comments Requests for comments RFCs , including the original specification for LDAP ref RFC 1777 Lightweight Directory Access Protocol LDAP ref . References reflist Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Yeong, Wengyik ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION Computer scientist DATE OF BIRTH 1966 07 28 PLACE OF BIRTH Georgetown, Penang , Malaysia DATE OF DEATH 2007 PLACE OF DEATH Lower Paxton, Pennsylvania DEFAULTSORT Yeong, Wengyik Category 1966 births Category 2007 deaths Category Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute alumni Compu scientist stub ... more details
Tim Howes b. September 21, 1963 is the co inventor of the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol LDAP , ref RFC 1777 Lightweight Directory Access Protocol LDAP ref the Internet standard for accessing directory service directory servers . The main purpose was to handle situations that the X.500 protocol suite could not address. X.500 directories list network resources to make finding them and using them easier for network administrators and users. Unfortunately, accessing X.500 records has required a full blown X.500 server there was no such thing as an X.500 client. This led Howes to co create DIXIE , a directory client for X.500 directories. This work formed the basis of his Ph.D. dissertation ref cite paper last Howes first Timothy Alan title A scalable, deployable, heterogeneous internet directory service version Ph.D. dissertation publisher University of Michigan date 1996 ref at the University of Michigan and was the foundation for LDAP, a standards based version of DIXIE for both clients and Server computing servers . The first publicly available version of LDAP was published in 1993. In 1996, after joining Netscape as directory server architect, Howes was named one of the Top 25 Network Technology Drivers by Network Computing magazine. In 1997, LDAP version 3 won PC Magazine PC Magazine s Technical Excellence Networking award. Howes was also named a Netscape Fellow, Netscape s highest engineering honor Citation needed date April 2010 , and was promoted to Chief Technology Officer of Netscape s Server Products Division. ref cite paper last Howes Smith Good first Timothy Mark Gordon title Understanding and Deploying LDAP Directory Services, ISBN 1 57870 070 1, About the authors publisher Macmillan Computer Publishing date 1999 ref In 1999, shortly after AOL acquired Netscape, Howes left AOL to co found Loudcloud with Marc Andreessen , Ben Horowitz and In Sik Rhee. In 2002, Loudcloud shifted businesses and was renamed Opsware . At Loudcloud & Opsware Tim held the positions ... more details
idref draft armijo ldap dirsync LDAP Control for Directory Synchronization Microsoft Corporation ... Understanding the Directory http ietfreport.isoc.org idref draft armijo ldap dirsync LDAP Control ... more details
, and improvements that Oracle makes in the database space can instantly flow through to its LDAP implementation ... Application Server 10.1.4.0.1 . See also List of LDAP software References Reflist 1 Primarysources ... more details
unreferenced date August 2007 Delegated administration describes the decentralization of RBAC role based access control systems. Many enterprises use a centralized model of access control. For large organizations, this model scales poorly and information technology IT teams become burdened with menial role change requests. These requests often used when hire, fire, and role change events occur in an organization can incur high latency times or suffer from weak security practices. One best practice for enterprise role management entails the use of Lightweight Directory Access Protocol LDAP groups. Delegated administration refers to a decentralized model of role or group management. In this model, the application or process owner creates, manages and delegates the management of roles. A centralized IT team simply operates the service of directory, metadirectory, web interface for administration, and related components. Allowing the application or business process owner to create, manage and delegate groups supports a much more scalable approach to the administration of access rights. In a metadirectory environment, these roles or groups could also be pushed or synchronized with other platforms. For example, groups can be synchronized with native operating systems such as Microsoft Windows for use on an access control list that protects a folder or file. With the metadirectory distributing groups, the central directory is the central repository of groups. Some enterprise applications e.g., PeopleSoft support LDAP groups inherently. These applications are capable of using LDAP to call the directory for its authorization activities. Web based group management tools used for delegated administration therefore provide the following capabilities using a directory as the group repository Decentralized management of groups roles and access rights by business or process owners Categorizing or segmenting users by characteristic, not by enumeration Grouping users for e mail, sub ... more details
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