Lactate may refer to The act of lactation The conjugate base of lactic acid disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
enzyme Name lactate aldolase EC number 4.1.2.36 CAS number 110777 33 8 IUBMB EC number 4 1 2 36 GO code 0050041 image width caption In enzymology , a lactate aldolase EC number 4.1.2.36 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction S lactate math rightleftharpoons math formate acetaldehyde Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , S lactate , and two product chemistry products , formate and acetaldehyde . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically the aldehyde lyases, which cleave carbon carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is S lactate acetaldehyde lyase formate forming . Other names in common use include lactate synthase , and S lactate acetaldehyde lyase . This enzyme participates in pyruvate metabolism . References reflist 1 cite journal author Gulyi MF, Silonova NV date 1987 title Various metabolic reactions of formate in animal tissues journal Ukr. Biokhim. Zh. volume 59 pages 29&ndash 35 pmid 3629727 issue 4 4.1 enzyme stub Category EC 4.1.2 Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
The lactate racemase enzyme EC number 5.1.2.1 is involved in pyruvate metabolism . It is classified under ... which produce D and L lactic acid lactate , including Lactobacillus sakei , Lactobacillus curvatus ... . ref name Goffin cite journal author Goffin Philippe title Lactate racemization as a rescue pathway for supplying D lactate to the cell wall biosynthesis machinery in Lactobacillus plantarum journal ... The molecular weight of lactate racemase Lar differs in the various organisms in which it has been found ... php result flat.php4?ecno 5.1.2.1 title BRENDA Entry of Lactate racemase EC Number 5.1.2.1 accessdate ... Hiyama T, Fukui S, Kitahara K title Purification and properties of lactate racemase from Lactobacillus .... Enzyme activity Lactate racemase catalyzes the inter conversion of S and R lactate . , as shown ... on the substrate D lactate and produces L lactate . There are a few exceptions, such as Lactobacillus plantarum , in which L lactate is the substrate and D lactate is produced. ref name brenda In C. beijerinckii , evidence exists that lactate racemase appears to work through a mechanism that includes ... Cantwell cite journal author Cantwell A, Dennis D title Lactate racemase. Direct evidence for an alpha ... doi 10.1021 bi00699a009 ref Lactate racemase, when purified from L. sake , did not require any cofactors and did not display any lactate dehydrogenase activity. ref name Hiyama The enzyme was found to be inhibited ... when equimolar concentrations of the D and L isomers existed. ref name Hiyama In L. plantarum , L lactate is initially produced, which induces the activity of lactate racemase. Lactate racemase is only expressed in the presence of L lactate. When the activity of the enzyme is induced by such a presence, D lactate can be produced. ref name Goffin Ultimately, nearly equal amounts of D and L lactic acid are produced, allowing for equilibrium to be reached. In this species, lactate racemase activity is repressed by D lactate. The activity of the lar operon appears to be positively regulated by L ... more details
chembox verifiedrevid 417919604 Name Ethyl small L small lactate ImageFile Ethyl L lactate.png ImageSize 200px ImageName Ethyl small L small lactate IUPACName Ethyl S 2 hydroxypropanoate OtherNames Ethyl lactate Lactic acid ethyl ester 2 Hydroxypropanoic acid ethyl ester Actylol Acytol Section1 Chembox Identifiers SMILES CCOC O C C O ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 13837423 InChI 1 C5H10O3 c1 3 8 5 7 4 2 6 h4,6H,3H2,1 2H3 InChIKey LZCLXQDLBQLTDK UHFFFAOYAV StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C5H10O3 c1 3 8 5 7 4 2 6 h4,6H,3H2,1 2H3 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey LZCLXQDLBQLTDK UHFFFAOYSA N CASNo 687 47 8 CASNo Comment ... S26 S39 FlashPt 46 C Section8 Chembox Related OtherCpds Lactic acid Ethyl lactate , also known as lactic ... lactate is found naturally in small quantities in a wide variety of foods including wine , chicken , and various fruit s. The odor of ethyl lactate when dilute is mild, butter y, cream y, with hints of fruit and coconut . Ethyl lactate is produced from biological sources, and can be either the levo ... biologically sourced ethyl lactate is ethyl small L small lactate ethyl S lactate . Ethyl lactate is also produced industrially from petrochemical stocks, and this ethyl lactate consists of the racemic ..., and because ethyl lactate is easily biodegradable, it is considered to be a green solvent. Due to its relatively low toxicity, ethyl lactate is used commonly in pharmaceutical preparations, food additive ... Administration , Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition ref and perfume fragrances . Ethyl lactate ..., 9780815514138 ref Ethyl lactate hydrolysis hydrolyzes in the presence of water molecule water and acid s or base chemistry bases into lactic acid and ethanol . Ethyl lactate can be used as a cosolvent ... F. Bartels and Taylor Foreman title Ethyl lactate as a tunable solvent for the synthesis of aryl ... title Ethyl lactate as a solvent Properties, applications and production processes a review year 2011 ... more details
enzyme Name lactate 2 monooxygenase EC number 1.13.12.4 CAS number 9028 72 2 IUBMB EC number 1 13 12 4 GO code 0050040 image width caption In enzymology , a lactate 2 monooxygenase EC number 1.13.12.4 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction S lactate O sub 2 sub math rightleftharpoons math acetate CO sub 2 sub H sub 2 sub O Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are S lactate and oxygen O sub 2 sub , whereas its 3 product chemistry products are acetate , carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub , and water H sub 2 sub O . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on single donors with O sub 2 sub as oxidant and incorporation of two atoms of oxygen into the substrate oxygenases . The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O with incorporation of one atom of oxygen internal monooxygenases o internal mixed function oxidases . The systematic name of this enzyme class is S lactate oxygen 2 oxidoreductase decarboxylating . Other names in common use include lactate oxidative decarboxylase , lactate oxidase , lactic oxygenase , lactate oxygenase , lactic oxidase , L lactate monooxygenase , lactate monooxygenase , and L lactate 2 monooxygenase . This enzyme participates in pyruvate metabolism . It employs one cofactor biochemistry cofactor , FMN . Structural studies As of late 2007, only one tertiary structure structure has been solved for this class of enzymes, with the Protein Data Bank PDB accession code PDB link 2DU2 . References reflist 1 cite journal author Hayaishi O and Sutton WB date 1957 title Enzymatic oxygen fixation into acetate concomitant with the enzymatic decarboxylation of L lactate journal J. Am. Chem. Soc. volume 79 issue 17 pages 4809&ndash 4810 doi 10.1021 ja01574a060 cite journal author SUTTON WB date 1957 title Mechanism of action and crystallization of lactic oxidative decarboxylase from Mycobacterium phlei journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 226 pages 395&ndash 405 pmid 13428772 issue ... more details
enzyme Name Lactate dehydrogenase EC number 1.1.1.27 CAS number 9001 60 9 IUBMB EC number 1 1 1 27 GO code 0004459 image width caption protein Name LDHA lactate dehydrogenase A br subunit M caption Human lactate dehydrogenase M sub 4 sub the isoenzyme found in skeletal muscle . From PDB 1I10 . image Lactate dehydrogenase M4 muscle 1I10.png width HGNCid 6535 Symbol LDHA AltSymbols LDHM EntrezGene 3939 ... protein Name lactate dehydrogenase B br subunit H caption image width HGNCid 6541 ... 1.1.1.27 Chromosome 12 Arm p Band 12.2 12.1 LocusSupplementaryData protein Name lactate dehydrogenase ... Infobox protein family Symbol Lact deh memb Name D lactate dehydrogenase, membrane binding image PDB 1f0x EBI.jpg width caption crystal structure of d lactate dehydrogenase, a peripheral membrane ... TCDB OPM family OPM protein CAZy CDD Lactate dehydrogenase LDH or LD is an enzyme EC number 1.1.1.27 present in a wide variety of organisms, including plants and animals. Lactate dehydrogenases exist ... D lactate D lactate dehydrogenase cytochrome EC 1.1.2.4 or L lactate L lactate dehydrogenase cytochrome EC 1.1.2.3 . The other two are NAD P dependent enzymes, each acting on either D lactate EC 1.1.1.28 or L lactate EC 1.1.1.27 . This article is about the NAD P dependent L lactate dehydrogenase. Reactions File LDH reaction.png center thumb 355px Catalytic function of LDH Lactate dehydrogenase catalyzes the interconversion of pyruvate and lactic acid lactate with concomitant interconversion of NADH ... , to lactate when oxygen is absent or in short supply, and it performs the reverse reaction during the Cori cycle in the liver . At high concentrations of lactate, the enzyme exhibits feedback inhibition, and the rate of conversion of pyruvate to lactate is decreased. It also catalyzes the dehydrogenation of 2 Hydroxybutyrate , but it is a much poorer substrate than lactate. There is little ... of NAD sup sup . Thus, the conversion of pyruvate to lactate is increased due to the associated ... more details
chembox verifiedrevid 476992351 ImageFile Sodium lactate.png ImageSize 180px ImageFileL1 Lactate 3D balls.png ImageSizeL1 150px ImageNameL1 Ball and stick model of the lactate anion ImageFileR1 Sodium 3D.png ImageSizeR1 90px ImageNameR1 The sodium cation IUPACName Sodium 2 hydroxypropanoate OtherNames Sodium DL lactate Lactic acid sodium salt E325 Section1 Chembox Identifiers ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 6049 InChI 1 C3H6O3.Na c1 2 4 3 5 6 h2,4H,1H3, H,5,6 q 1 p 1 InChIKey NGSFWBMYFKHRBD REWHXWOFAR StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C3H6O3.Na ... lactate , chemblink.com ref Appearance White powder ref name lotioncrafter http www.lotioncrafter.com reference msds sodium lactate s96.pdf Sodium Lactate, Powder , lotioncrafter.com ref Density 1.33 ... C ref name lotioncrafter br 17 C 60 syrup ref name MSDS http msds.chem.ox.ac.uk SO sodium lactate syrup.html Safety data for sodium lactate syrup ref BoilingPt 113 C 60 syrup ref name MSDS Solubility ... lactate is the sodium salt chemistry salt of lactic acid produced by fermentation of a sugar source ... NaC sub 3 sub H sub 5 sub O sub 3 sub . As a food additive , sodium lactate has the E number E325 and naturally is a liquid product, but also is available in powder form. As early as 1836, sodium lactate was recognized as a salt of a weak acid rather than being a base, and it was then known that the lactate ... Grune & Stratton year 1836 page 369 isbn ref Usage Sodium lactate has a mild saline taste. It may .... Sodium lactate commonly is used to treat arrhythmias caused by overdosing of class I antiarrythmics ... milk Sodium lactate need not be restricted by someone avoiding milk or those with a milk allergy ... to milk Sodium lactate ref In general, lactates such as sodium, calcium lactate calcium , and potassium lactate potassium lactate are salts derived from the neutralization of lactic acid and most ... sodium lactate does not contain milk protein and need not be restricted by someone avoiding milk ... more details
carbonate or calcium hydroxide . Calcium lactate is often found in aged cheese s. Small crystals ... active during the ripening process. In medicine, calcium lactate is most commonly used as an antacid and also to treat Hypocalcaemia calcium deficiencies . Calcium lactate can be absorbed at various pH s and does not need to be taken with food for absorption for these reasons. Calcium lactate is added ... of Adding Calcium Lactate to Xylitol Chewing Gum on remineralization of Enamel Lesions journal ... and calcium lactate effectiveness in maintaining shelf stability and quality of fresh cut cantaloupes ... more details
Chembox Verifiedfields changed Watchedfields changed verifiedrevid 457809365 ImageFile Ammonium lactate.svg ImageName Structural formulae of the constituent ions ImageFileL1 Lactate 3D balls.png ImageSizeL1 130px ImageNameL1 Ball and stick model of the lactate anion ImageFileR1 Ammonium 3D balls.png ImageSizeR1 80px ImageNameR1 Ball and stick model of the ammonium cation IUPACName azanium 2 hydroxypropanoate OtherNames Ammonium lactate br Lac hydrin Section1 Chembox Identifiers CASNo Ref cascite correct ?? CASNo PubChem ChEMBL Ref ebicite changed EBI ChEMBL 1200747 SMILES CC C O O O. NH4 PubChem 10129918 ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite changed chemspider ChemSpiderID 56149 InChI 1 C3H6O3.H3N c1 2 4 3 5 6 h2,4H,1H3, H,5,6 1H3 InChIKey RZOBLYBZQXQGFY UHFFFAOYAD StdInChI Ref stdinchicite changed chemspider StdInChI 1S C3H6O3.H3N c1 2 4 3 5 6 h2,4H,1H3, H,5,6 1H3 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite changed chemspider StdInChIKey RZOBLYBZQXQGFY UHFFFAOYSA N ATCvet yes ATCCode prefix A16 ATCCode suffix QA04 Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 3 sub H sub 9 sub O sub 3 sub N MolarMass 107.06 g mol ExactMass 107.058243 Appearance Density MeltingPt BoilingPt Solubility Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition Ammonium lactate is a Compound chemistry compound with formula NH sub 4 sub C sub 2 sub H sub 4 sub OH COO . It is the ammonium salt of lactic acid . It has E number E328 and is the active ingredient of the skin lotion Lac Hydrin ref cite web url http dailymed.nlm.nih.gov dailymed mobile drugInfo.cfm?id 6257 title DailyMed View Drug Label Lac Hydrin ammonium lactate Lotion quote Lac Hydrin specially formulates 12 lactic acid, neutralized with ammonium hydroxide, as ammonium lactate to provide a lotion pH of 4.4 5.5. &hellip Lactic acid is an alpha hydroxy acid. It is a normal constituent of tissues and blood. The alpha hydroxy acids and their salts may act as humectants when applied to the skin. ref References Reflist organic compound stub Category Lacta ... more details
Drugbox verifiedrevid 447933514 IUPAC name magnesium 2 hydroxypropanoate image magnesium lactate.png Clinical data tradename Drugs.com drugs.com CDI magnesium lactate pregnancy AU A B1 B2 B3 C D X pregnancy US A B C D X pregnancy category legal AU Unscheduled S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 legal CA Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII legal UK GSL P POM CD Class A, B, C legal US OTC Rx only Schedule I, II, III, IV, V legal status routes of administration Pharmacokinetic data bioavailability protein bound metabolism 256.4 g mol elimination half life excretion Identifiers CAS number Ref cascite correct ?? CAS number 18917 93 6 ATC prefix A12 ATC suffix CC06 PubChem 6536825 DrugBank Ref drugbankcite correct drugbank DrugBank Chemical data chemical formula C sub 6 sub H sub 10 sub MgO sub 6 sub molecular weight 202.45 g mol Magnesium lactate , the magnesium salt chemistry salt of lactic acid , is a Dietary mineral mineral supplement . Added to some food and beverages as an acidity regulator and labeled as E number E329 . Mineral supplements Category Magnesium compounds Category Lactates gastrointestinal drug stub pl Mleczan magnezu ... more details
Chembox verifiedrevid 402892778 ImageFile zirconium lactate.png ImageSize 200px IUPACName OtherNames Zirconium IV lactate Section1 Chembox Identifiers ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 2308157 InChI 1 4C3H5O3.Zr c4 1 2 4 3 5 6 h4 2H,1H3, H,5,6 q4 1 4 InChIKey JVIFSUQNYWNEHY UHFFFAOYAJ StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S 4C3H5O3.Zr c4 1 2 4 3 5 6 h4 2H,1H3, H,5,6 q4 1 4 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey JVIFSUQNYWNEHY UHFFFAOYSA N CASNo Ref cascite correct ?? CASNo 60676 90 6 PubChem 3045418 SMILES Zr 4 .O C O C O C. O C C O O C. O C C O O C. O C C O O C Section2 Chembox Properties C 12 H 20 O 12 Zr 1 Appearance Density MeltingPt BoilingPt Solubility Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition Zirconium lactate is the zirconium salt chemistry salt of lactic acid . It is used in some deodorant s, but it is suspected of causing zirconium granuloma s a form of skin irritation in a small number of users. ref citation author James, William D. Berger, Timothy G. et al. title Andrews Diseases of the Skin Clinical Dermatology publisher Saunders Elsevier location year 2006 pages isbn 0 7216 2921 0 page 46 ref Otherwise, it is considered to be non toxic rat oral LD50 10 g kg . ref citation author Brown, J. R. Mastromatteo, E. Horwood, J. year 1963 title Zirconium lactate and barium zirconate. Acute toxicity and inhalation effects in experimental animals journal Am. Ind. Hygiene Assoc. J. volume 24 pages 131 366 pmid 14015998 doi 10.1080 00028896309342940 issue 2 ref It is also used in the petroleum industry as a Cross link cross linking agent to prepare gel s for Fracture fracturing fluids, fluids which are pumped into an Petroleum reservoir oil bearing rock formation to cause cracks in the rock and so to allow the oil to be extracted. ref name patent citation author Dawson, Jeffrey C. Le Hoang, Van title Gelation Additive for Hydraulic Fracturing Fluids journal International ... more details
Drugbox Verifiedfields changed verifiedrevid 477162867 IUPAC name 7 ethoxyacridine 3,9 diamine 2 hydroxypropanoic acid image Ethacridinlactat.svg alt Clinical data tradename Drugs.com drugs.com international ethacridine lactate pregnancy AU A B1 B2 B3 C D X pregnancy US A B C D X pregnancy category legal AU S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9 or Unscheduled legal CA Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII legal UK GSL, P, POM, CD, or Class A, B, C legal US OTC Rx only Schedule I, II, III, IV, V legal status routes of administration Pharmacokinetic data bioavailability protein bound metabolism elimination half life excretion Identifiers CAS number Ref cascite changed ?? CAS number 1837 57 6 ATCvet ATC prefix B05 ATC suffix CA08 ATC supplemental ATC D08 AA01 PubChem 15789 DrugBank Ref drugbankcite correct drugbank DrugBank ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 15012 KEGG Ref keggcite correct kegg KEGG D01248 ChEMBL Ref ebicite correct EBI ChEMBL 582355 Chemical data C 18 H 21 N 3 O 4 molecular weight 343.37 smiles O C O C O C.O c2ccc1nc3c c c1c2 N ccc c3 N CC InChI 1 C15H15N3O.C3H6O3 c1 2 19 10 4 6 13 12 8 10 15 17 11 5 3 9 16 7 14 11 18 13 1 2 4 3 5 6 h3 8H,2,16H2,1H3, H2,17,18 2,4H,1H3, H,5,6 InChIKey IYLLULUTZPKQBW UHFFFAOYAM StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C15H15N3O.C3H6O3 c1 2 19 10 4 6 13 12 8 10 15 17 11 5 3 9 16 7 14 11 18 13 1 2 4 3 5 6 h3 8H,2,16H2,1H3, H2,17,18 2,4H,1H3, H,5,6 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey IYLLULUTZPKQBW UHFFFAOYSA N Ethacridine lactate ethacridine monolactate monohydrate, acrinol , trade name Rivanol is an aromatic organic compound based on acridine . Its formal name is 2 ethoxy 6,9 diaminoacridine monolactate monohydrate. It forms orange yellow crystals with a melting point of 226 C and it has a stinging smell. Its primary use is as an antiseptic in solutions of 0.1 . Ethacridine is also used as an agent for second trimester abortion. Up to 150 ml of a 0.1 solut ... more details
enzyme Name 3 imidazol 5 yl lactate dehydrogenase EC number 1.1.1.111 CAS number 37250 42 3 IUBMB EC number 1 1 1 111 GO code 0019155 image width caption In enzymology , a 3 imidazol 5 yl lactate dehydrogenase EC number 1.1.1.111 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction S 3 imidazol 5 yl lactate NAD P math rightleftharpoons math 3 imidazol 5 yl pyruvate NAD P H H sup sup The 3 substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are S 3 imidazol 5 yl lactate , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NAD sup sup , and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADP sup sup , whereas its 4 product chemistry products are 3 imidazol 5 yl pyruvate , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NADH , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADPH , and hydrogen ion H sup sup . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on the CH OH group of donor with NAD or NADP as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is S 3 imidazol 5 yl lactate NAD P oxidoreductase . This enzyme is also called imidazol 5 yl lactate dehydrogenase . References reflist 1 cite journal author Coote JG, Hassall H date 1969 title The role of imidazol 5 yl lactate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidoreductase and histidine 2 oxoglutarate aminotransferase in the degradation of imidazol 5 yl lactate by Pseudomonas acidovorans journal Biochem. J. volume 111 pages 237&ndash 9 pmid 4303364 issue 2 pmc 1187811 cite journal author Cortese R, Brevet J, Hedegaard J, Roche J date 1968 title Identification and purification of an alpha ketoacid aromatic reductase of Escherichia coli B journal C. R. Seances. Soc. Biol. Fil. volume 162 pages 390&ndash 5 pmid 4237631 issue 2 1.1.1 enzyme stub Category EC 1.1.1 Category NADPH dependent enzymes Category NADH dependent enzymes Category Enzymes of unknown structure it 3 imidazolo 5 il lattato deidrogenasi ja 3 5 ... more details
enzyme Name lactate malate transhydrogenase EC number 1.1.99.7 CAS number 9077 15 0 IUBMB EC number 1 1 99 7 GO code 0050042 image width caption In enzymology , a lactate malate transhydrogenase EC number 1.1.99.7 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction S lactate oxaloacetate math rightleftharpoons math pyruvate malate Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are S lactate and oxaloacetate , whereas its two product chemistry products are pyruvate and malate . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on the CH OH group of donor with other acceptors. The systematic name of this enzyme class is S lactate oxaloacetate oxidoreductase . This enzyme is also called malate lactate transhydrogenase . This enzyme participates in pyruvate metabolism . It employs one cofactor biochemistry cofactor , nicotinamide D ribonucleotide . References reflist 1 Further reading refbegin cite journal author Allen SH date 1966 title The isolation and characterization of malate lactate transhydrogenase from Micrococcus lactilyticus journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 241 pages 5266&ndash 75 pmid 4289051 issue 22 cite journal author Allen SH, Patil JR date 1972 title Studies on the structure and mechanism of action of the malate lactate transhydrogenase journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 247 pages 909&ndash 16 pmid 4333516 issue 3 refend 1.1 enzyme stub Category EC 1.1.99 Category Nicotinamide enzymes Category Enzymes of unknown structure it Lattato malato transidrogenasi ja ... more details
enzyme Name D lactate dehydrogenase cytochrome EC number 1.1.2.4 CAS number 37250 79 6 IUBMB EC number 1 1 2 4 GO code 0004458 image width caption In enzymology , a D lactate dehydrogenase cytochrome EC number 1.1.2.4 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction D lactate 2 ferricytochrome c math rightleftharpoons math pyruvate 2 ferrocytochrome c Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are D lactate D lactate and cytochrome c ferricytochrome c , whereas its two product chemistry products are pyruvate and cytochrome c ferrocytochrome c . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on the CH OH group of donor with a cytochrome as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is D lactate ferricytochrome c 2 oxidoreductase . Other names in common use include lactic acid dehydrogenase , D lactate cytochrome dehydrogenase , cytochrome dependent D lactate dehydrogenase , D lactate cytochrome c reductase , and D lactic cytochrome c reductase . This enzyme participates in pyruvate metabolism . It employs one cofactor biochemistry cofactor , FAD . This type of enzyme has been characterized in animals, fungi, bacteria and recently in plants ref cite journal url http www.sciencedirect.com science? ob ArticleURL& udi B6T1S 4FV40TJ 1& user 10& rdoc 1& fmt & orig search& sort d& docanchor &view c& acct C000050221& version 1& urlVersion 0& userid 10&md5 5ba860db6f0499628ce76246a7d07d28 author Atlante, A., de Bari, L., Valenti, D., Pizzuto, R., Paventi, G., and Passarella, S. title Transport and metabolism of D lactate in Jerusalem artichoke mitochondria journal Biochim. Biophys. Acta volume 1708 pages 13 22 year 2005 pmid 15949980 doi 10.1016 j.bbabio.2005.03.003 issue 1 ref ref cite journal url http www.jbc.org cgi reprint M109.021253v1?view long&pmid 19586914 author Martin Engqvist, Maria Fabiana Drincovich ... 13901630 doi 10.1111 j.1749 6632.1961.tb35573.x cite journal author Nygaard AP year 1961 title D Lactate ... more details
enzyme Name L lactate dehydrogenase cytochrome EC number 1.1.2.3 CAS number 9078 32 4 IUBMB EC number 1 1 2 3 GO code 0004460 image width caption In enzymology , a L lactate dehydrogenase cytochrome EC number 1.1.2.3 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction S lactate 2 ferricytochrome c math rightleftharpoons math pyruvate 2 ferrocytochrome c Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are S lactate and ferricytochrome c , whereas its two product chemistry products are pyruvate and ferrocytochrome c . References reflist Further reading refbegin cite journal author Appleby CA, Morton RK title Lactic dehydrogenase and cytochrome b2 of baker s yeast purification and crystallization journal Biochem. J. volume 71 issue 3 pages 492 9 year 1959 month March pmid 13638255 pmc 1196822 doi url issn cite journal author Appleby CA, Morton RK title Lactic dehydrogenase and cytochrome b2 of baker s yeast. Enzymic and chemical properties of the crystalline enzyme journal Biochem. J. volume 73 issue pages 539 50 year 1959 month November pmid 13793977 pmc 1197094 doi url issn cite journal author Bach SJ, Dixon M, Zerfas LG title Yeast lactic dehydrogenase and cytochrome b 2 journal Biochem. J. volume 40 issue 2 pages 229 39 year 1946 pmid 16747991 pmc 1258326 doi url issn refend 1.1 enzyme stub Alcohol oxidoreductases Category EC 1.1.2 Category Flavin enzymes Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
chembox ImageFile Ferrous lactate.png ImageSize 200px IUPACName Ferrous 2 hydroxypropanoate OtherNames Iron dilactate br Iron II lactate br E585 Section1 Chembox Identifiers ChemSpiderID 20839 InChI1 1 2C3H6O3.Fe c2 1 2 4 3 5 6 h2 2,4H,1H3, H,5,6 q 2 p 2 InChIKey1 DKKCQDROTDCQOR NUQVWONBAL CASNo 5905 52 2 PubChem 22197 SMILES Fe 2 . O C O C O C. O C O C O C Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 6 sub H sub 10 sub FeO sub 6 sub MolarMass 233.99 g mol Appearance greenish white powder Density MeltingPt BoilingPt Solubility trihydrate br 2.1 g 100 mL 10 C br 8.5 g 100 mL 100 C SolubleOther soluble in alkali citrates br negligible in alcohol br insoluble in ether Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition Ferrous lactate , or iron II lactate , is a chemical compound consisting of one atom of iron Fe sup 2 sup and two lactic acid lactate anions . It has the chemical formula Fe C sub 3 sub H sub 5 sub O sub 3 sub sub 2 sub . It is used as a food additive with E number E585. It is an acidity regulator and colour retention agent , and is also used to food fortification fortify foods with iron. Category Food additives Category Iron compounds organic compound stub fa II hu Vas lakt t pl Mleczan elaza II vi S t II lactat ... more details
Chembox verifiedrevid 399702828 ImageFile Calcium lactate gluconate.svg ImageSize IUPACName calcium R S 2 hydroxypropanoate 2 R ,3 S ,4 R ,5 R 2,3,4,5,6 pentahydroxyhexanoate OtherNames Section1 Chembox Identifiers ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 83274 InChI 1 C6H12O7.C3H6O3.Ca c7 1 2 8 3 9 4 10 5 11 6 12 13 1 2 4 3 5 6 h2 5,7 11H,1H2, H,12,13 2,4H,1H3, H,5,6 q 2 p 2 t2 ,3 ,4 ,5 m1.. s1 InChIKey PWKNEBQRTUXXLT DAEZFGRIBL StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C6H12O7.C3H6O3.Ca c7 1 2 8 3 9 4 10 5 11 6 12 13 1 2 4 3 5 6 h2 5,7 11H,1H2, H,12,13 2,4H,1H3, H,5,6 q 2 p 2 t2 ,3 ,4 ,5 m1.. s1 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey PWKNEBQRTUXXLT ZBHRUSISSA L CASNo 11116 97 5 PubChem 92237 SMILES Ca 2 . O C O C O C. O C O C H O C H O C H O C H O CO ATCCode prefix A12 ATCCode suffix AA06 Section2 Chembox Properties C 9 H 16 Ca 1 O 10 Appearance white, taste and odourless, crystalline solid Density MeltingPt BoilingPt Solubility 400 g L Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition Calcium lactate gluconate , also known as GLOCAL, is a soluble salt of calcium , lactic acid and gluconic acid used in effervescent calcium tablets. ref name AustriaCodex cite book title Austria Codex editor Haberfeld, H publisher sterreichischer Apothekerverlag location Vienna year 2009 edition 2009 2010 isbn 3 85200 196 X language German ref Its chemical formula is Ca sub 5 sub C sub 3 sub H sub 5 sub O sub 3 sub sub 6 sub . C sub 6 sub H sub 11 sub O sub 7 sub sub 4 sub .2H sub 2 sub O. It was first developed by Sandoz , Switzerland . Calcium lactate gluconate is used in the functional and fortified food industry due to its good solubility and neutral taste. ref cite journal author Gerhard Gerstner title Calcium Lactate ... 3 year 2002 pages 2 3 url http www.jungbunzlauer.com media uploads pdf Special Salts Calcium Lactate ... date January 2012 References reflist Mineral supplements DEFAULTSORT Calcium Lactate Gluconate Category ... more details
Lactate dehydrogenase elevating virus , or LDV for short, belongs to part of the arteriviridae family and the nidovirales order. Also included in the nidovirales order are the coronaviridae . The arteriviridae infect macrophages in animals and cause a variety of diseases. ref name Rowson1985 cite web last Rowson first K.E.K. title Lactate Dehydrogenase Elevating Virus url http vir.sgmjournals.org cgi content abstract 66 11 2297 publisher Journal of General Virology coauthors B.W.J. Mahy pages 2297 2312 year 1985 ref LDV specifically causes lifelong persistent viremia in mice, but doesn t really harm the host and only slightly harms the immune system. The main clinical sign is an increased level of the plasma enzyme lactate dehydrogenase LDH . LDV has a remarkably narrow cell type specificity meaning no homologous of LDV in mice has been found in another species. ref name Mohammadi2009 cite web last Mohammadi first Hakimeh title The Lactate Dehydrogenase Elevating Virus Capsid Protein is a Nuclear Cytoplasmic Protein url http www.springerlink.com content m161421156101346 publisher Archives of Virology coauthors Shayan Sharif, Raymond R. Rowland, Dongwan Yon pages 1071 1080 date 11 month 6 year 2009 ref Discovery LDV was discovered in 1960 by Dr. Vernon Riley and his colleagues while they were working with plasma enzymes in tumor bearing mice. They found that many types of transplantable tumors caused a five to tenfold increase in the plasma lactate dehydrogenase LDH activity within ... to her young through her milk. ref name CRTS cite web title Lactate Dehydrogenase Elevating Virus url http www.criver.com SiteCollectionDocuments rm ld r Lactate Dehydrogenase Elevating Virus.pdf publisher ... Lactate Dehydrogenase Elevating Virus Replication Persists in Liver, Spleen, Lymph Node, and Testis ... title Structure and Chemical Physical Characteristics of Lactate Dehydrogenase Elevating Virus and its ... after infection. ref name Anderson1995 References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Lactate Dehydrogenase Elevating ... more details
enzyme Name D lactate dehydrogenase cytochrome c 553 EC number 1.1.2.5 CAS number 37250 79 6 IUBMB EC number 1 1 2 5 GO code 0047051 image width caption In enzymology , a D lactate dehydrogenase cytochrome c 553 EC number 1.1.2.5 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction R lactate 2 ferricytochrome c 553 math rightleftharpoons math pyruvate 2 ferrocytochrome c 553 Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are R lactate and ferricytochrome c 553 , whereas its two product chemistry products are pyruvate and ferrocytochrome c 553 . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, to be specific those acting on the CH OH group of donor with a cytochrome as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is R lactate ferricytochrome c 553 2 oxidoreductase . This enzyme participates in pyruvate metabolism . References reflist 1 cite journal author Ogata M, Arihara K and Yagi T date Tokyo title D Lactate dehydrogenase of Desulfovibrio vulgaris journal J. volume Biochem. pages 1423&ndash 1431 1.1 enzyme stub Alcohol oxidoreductases Category EC 1.1.2 Category Enzymes of unknown structure it D lattato deidrogenasi citocromo c 553 ja D c 553 ... more details
enzyme Name R 4 hydroxyphenyllactate dehydrogenase EC number 1.1.1.222 CAS number 101754 02 3 IUBMB EC number 1 1 1 222 GO code 0047029 image width caption In enzymology , a R 4 hydroxyphenyllactate dehydrogenase EC number 1.1.1.222 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction R 3 4 hydroxyphenyl lactate NAD P math rightleftharpoons math 3 4 hydroxyphenyl pyruvate NAD P H H sup sup The 3 substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are R 3 4 hydroxyphenyl lactate , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NAD sup sup , and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADP sup sup , whereas its 4 product chemistry products are 3 4 hydroxyphenyl pyruvate , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NADH , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADPH , and hydrogen ion H sup sup . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on the CH OH group of donor with NAD or NADP as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is R 3 4 hydroxyphenyl lactate NAD P 2 oxidoreductase . Other names in common use include R aromatic lactate dehydrogenase , and D hydrogenase, D aryllactate . This enzyme participates in tyrosine and phenylalanine catabolism. References reflist 1 cite journal author Bode R, Lippoldt A and Birnbaum D date 1986 title Purification and properties of D aromatic lactate dehydrogenase an enzyme involved in the catabolism of the aromatic amino acids of Candida maltosa journal Biochem. Physiol. Pflanzen volume 181 pages 189&ndash 198 cite journal author Leelayoova S, Marbury D, Rainey PM, Mackenzie NE, Hall JE title In vitro tryptophan catabolism by Leishmania donovani donovani promastigotes journal J. Protozool. volume 39 issue 2 pages 350 8 year 1992 pmid 1578411 Category EC 1.1.1 Category NADPH dependent enzymes Category NADH dependent enzymes Category Enzymes of unknown structure it R 4 idrossifenillattato deidrogenasi ja R 4 1.1.1 enzyme stub ... more details
more appropriately, lactate at biological pH levels . Physical activities that last up to about thirty ..., lactate, has traditionally thought to be detrimental to muscle function. However, this appears likely only when lactate levels are very high. Elevated lactate levels are only one of many changes ..., that is muscular failure, is a complex subject. Elevated muscle and blood lactate concentrations ... 51 isbn 0 691 02376 X ref Lactate threshold LT or lactate inflection point LIP The lactate threshold LT is the exercise intensity at which lactate more specifically, lactic acid starts to accumulate ... stores in the blood begin to be used up. This happens when lactate is produced faster than it can ... of blood lactate accumulation OBLA . When exercising below the LT intensity any lactate produced by the muscle s is removed by the body without it building up. The lactate threshold is a useful ... to temporarily exceed the lactate threshold, and then recover reduce blood lactate while operating below ... measuring the lactate threshold involves taking blood samples normally a pinprick to the finger ..., which requires a metabolic cart to measure air inspired and expired. Although the lactate threshold ... the point at which lactate reaches a concentration of 4 Concentration Molarity mM at rest it is around ... more details
enzyme Name indolelactate dehydrogenase EC number 1.1.1.110 CAS number 37250 41 2 IUBMB EC number 1 1 1 110 GO code 0047722 image width caption In enzymology , an indolelactate dehydrogenase EC number 1.1.1.110 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction indol 3 yl lactate NAD sup sup math rightleftharpoons math indol 3 yl pyruvate NADH H sup sup Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are indol 3 yl lactate and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NAD sup sup , whereas its 3 product chemistry products are indol 3 yl pyruvate , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NADH , and hydrogen ion H sup sup . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on the CH OH group of donor with NAD or NADP as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is indol 3 yl lactate NAD oxidoreductase . This enzyme is also called indolelactate NAD oxidoreductase . This enzyme participates in tryptophan metabolism . References reflist 1 cite journal doi 10.1139 m68 068 author Jean M, DeMoss RD date 1968 title Indolelactate dehydrogenase from Clostridium sporogenes journal Can. J. Microbiol. volume 14 pages 429&ndash 35 pmid 4384683 issue 4 1.1.1 enzyme stub Category EC 1.1.1 Category NADH dependent enzymes Category Enzymes of unknown structure it Indololattato deidrogenasi ja ... more details
enzyme Name rosmarinate synthase EC number 2.3.1.140 CAS number 117590 80 4 IUBMB EC number 2 3 1 140 GO code 0050266 image width caption In enzymology , a rosmarinate synthase EC number 2.3.1.140 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction caffeoyl CoA 3 3,4 dihydroxyphenyl lactate math rightleftharpoons math CoA rosmarinate Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are caffeoyl CoA and 3 3,4 dihydroxyphenyl lactate , whereas its two product chemistry products are coenzyme A CoA and rosmarinate . This enzyme belongs to the family of transferase s, specifically those acyltransferase s transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is caffeoyl CoA 3 3,4 dihydroxyphenyl lactate 2 O caffeoyl transferase . Other names in common use include rosmarinic acid synthase , caffeoyl coenzyme A 3,4 dihydroxyphenyllactic acid , caffeoyltransferase , and 4 coumaroyl CoA 4 hydroxyphenyllactic acid 4 coumaroyl transferase . This enzyme participates in tyrosine metabolism . References reflist 1 cite journal author Petersen M and Alfermann AW date 1988 title Two new enzymes of rosmarinic acid biosynthesis from cell cultures of Coleus blumei hydroxyphenylpyruvate reductase and rosmarinic acid synthase journal Z. Naturforsch. C Biosci. volume 43 pages 501&ndash 504 transferase stub Category EC 2.3.1 Category Enzymes of unknown structure it Rosmarinato sintasi ... more details
enzyme Name D 2 hydroxy acid dehydrogenase EC number 1.1.99.6 CAS number 9028 83 5 IUBMB EC number 1 1 99 6 GO code 0047809 image width caption In enzymology , a D 2 hydroxy acid dehydrogenase EC number 1.1.99.6 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction R lactate acceptor math rightleftharpoons math pyruvate reduced acceptor Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are R lactate and Electron acceptor acceptor , whereas its two product chemistry products are pyruvate and reduced acceptor . This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductase s, specifically those acting on the CH OH group of donor with other acceptors. The systematic name of this enzyme class is R 2 hydroxy acid acceptor 2 oxidoreductase . Other names in common use include D 2 hydroxy acid dehydrogenase , and R 2 hydroxy acid acceptor 2 oxidoreductase . It has 2 cofactor biochemistry cofactors FAD , and Zinc . References reflist 1 cite journal author GREGOLIN C, SINGER TP, KEARNEY EB, BOERI E year 1961 title The formation and enzymatic properties of the various lactic dehydrogenases of yeast journal Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. volume 94 issue 3 pages 780&ndash 97 pmid 13901630 doi 10.1111 j.1749 6632.1961.tb35573.x cite journal author Nygaard AP year 1961 title D Lactate cytochrome c reductase, a flavoprotein from yeast journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 236 pages 920&ndash 925 cite journal author Tubbs PK and Greville GD year 1959 title Dehydrogenation of D lactate by a soluble enzyme from kidney mitochondria journal Biochim. Biophys. Acta volume 34 pages 290&ndash 291 doi 10.1016 0006 3002 59 90276 8 pmid 13839714 Category EC 1.1.99 Category Flavin enzymes Category Zinc enzymes Category Enzymes of unknown structure Category Protein families 1.1 enzyme stub it D 2 idrossiacido deidrogenasi ja D 2 ... more details
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