styrene , acrylic polymer s, polyvinyl acetate . Uses of latex File Slaapbol R0017601.JPG thumb Opium ... latex contain an inelastic polymer related to rubber. Latex from the chicle and Dyera costulata jelutong ...other uses Image Latex production.jpg thumb right Extraction of latex from a tree , for use in rubber production Latex is the stable dispersion emulsion of polymer microparticles in an aqueous medium. Latexes may be natural or synthetic. Latex as found in nature is a milky fluid found in 10 of all flowering plants angiosperms . ref name Agrawal Agrawal AA, Konno K. 2009 . Latex A Model for Understanding ..., latex is white, but some have yellow, orange, or scarlet latex. Since the 17th century, latex has been ... against herbivorous insect s. ref name Agrawal Many people are latex allergy allergic to latex . The word is also used to refer to natural latex rubber particularly for non vulcanization vulcanized rubber. Such is the case in products like latex glove s, latex condom s and latex clothing . It can ... cells laticifer s in which latex is found make up the laticiferous system, which can form in two ... so that continuous tubes, called latex vessels, are formed. Since these vessels are made of many ... , a clade in the Family Asteraceae distinguished by the presence of latex in its members. It is also ... latex cells differentiate, and as the plant grows these latex cells grow into a branching ... the fruit s. It is particularly noticeable in the Cortex botany cortical tissues. Latex is usually exuded ... name Agrawal Productive species Latex is produced by 20,000 species from over 40 families occurring ... s and pteridophyte s. Several members of the fungal kingdom also produce latex upon injury, such as Lactarius ... species create latex, as opposed to 6 of temperate plant species. ref Lewinsohn TM. 1991 . The geographical distribution of plant latex. Chemoecology 2 64 68 ref Defense function Image Latex being collected from a tapped rubber tree.jpg thumb Rubber latex right Latex functions to protect the plant ... more details
Image Single Polymer Chains AFM.jpg thumb 175px Appearance of real linear polymer chains as recorded using an atomic force microscope on surface under liquid medium. Chain contour length for this polymer ... Society volume 127 issue 45 pages 15688 15689 year 2005 pmid 16277495 ref A polymer is a large molecule ... by covalent chemical bond s. Although the term polymer is sometimes taken to refer to plastic s, it actually ... of polymer science an introductory text year 1997 publisher Technomic Pub. Co. location Lancaster ... C. B. title Principles of polymer engineering year 1997 publisher Oxford University Press location .... Natural polymer Natural polymeric materials such as shellac , amber , and natural rubber have been ... butyral PVB , silicone , and many more. Most commonly, the continuously linked backbone of a polymer ..., examples being Silly Putty and waterproof plumbing sealant. Oxygen is also commonly present in polymer ... in phosphodiester bond s . Polymers are studied in the fields of polymer chemistry , polymer physics , and polymer science . Etymology The word polymer is derived from the Greek words poly ... J ns Jacob Berzelius New chemical terms his definition of a polymer was quite different from the modern definition. Polymer synthesis main Polymerization File Polypropylene.svg thumb right 200px The repeating unit of the polymer polypropylene Polymerization is the process of combining many small ... into the polymer is known as a repeat unit or monomer residue. Laboratory synthesis .... Leslie Howard title Introduction to physical polymer science year 2006 publisher Wiley location Hoboken ... oxidation , cross link ing and end capping. Polymer properties Polymer properties are broadly ... modeling of polymer materials using field theoretic methodologies a survey about recent developments ... basic property of a polymer is the identity of its constituent monomers. A second set of properties, known as microstructure, essentially describe the arrangement of these monomers within the polymer ... more details
Wiktionarypar latexLatex is a dispersion chemistry dispersion of polymers Latex may also refer to Natural latex see Natural rubber Synthetic latex see Plastic Latex clothing Latex, Texas LaTeX , a document preparation system and markup language disambig cs Latex rozcestn k de Latex es Latex eu Latex fr Latex pl Latex ro Latex dezambiguizare sk Latex ... more details
Image Black Latex Catsuit 777.jpg thumb 400px A woman wearing a black latex catsuit and thigh high boot s. Latex rubber is used in many types of clothing . Rubber has traditionally been used in protective ... by plastics. Mackintosh es have traditionally been made from rubberized cloth . Latex ... seen worn at fetish club s. Latex is sometimes also used by couturier s for its dramatic appearance .... There are several magazines dedicated to the use and wearing of it. Less commonly, latex clothing ... title Image of loose latex clothing publisher date accessdate 2011 09 13 ref Design and manufacture There are a handful of companies around the world which manufacture latex rated as suitable for contact ... in cottage industry scale latex fetish clothing manufacturers. Latex sheet based clothing ... carefully to suit the measurements supplied by the customer. Then the sheet latex is cut out on a flat board, by hand lastly latex glue generally rubber cement solvent based adhesives is used to join seams together. Skilled latex makers can build a stocking, shaped to match the contours of a specific person s leg, made from latex only 0.2mm thick, in under an hour. It is possible to use water based glues such as Copydex to make latex clothes however, the long term durability of items made this way is somewhat dubious. Latex moulded clothing is produced by dipping a mould into a vat of liquid rubber. Dealing with raw liquid latex is more difficult because of the extra effort that must be put in to keep the thickness of the latex itself consistent. Because of this, improper molding techniques can lead to inconsistent thickness in the latex, causing it to fail at the weak points faster than items made from sheet latex. This has led to a major stigma against molded latex garments, in favor of sheet latex versions. Unfortunately, this stigma has been detrimental to those few latex providers who have proper mold making techniques. When done properly, a molded latex garment is just ... more details
orphan date May 2009 Latex beads are the polymeric particles suspended in a latex . They are used in applications as contrast agents for fluorescent imaging, as particles for flow tracking, or as biological carriers. Category Polymers physical chemistry stub ... more details
Liquid latex is often used for special effects make up and body painting applications. There are several brands of on the market including Maximum Impact, Deviant, Brand X and the only Ammonia free latex from Liquid Latex Fashions. Liquid latex contains about one third latex, two thirds water plus less than one percent ammonia to keep the latex from spoiling and to control the pH of the solution . Liquid latex is sold in jars ranging from 2 oz. through gallon jugs and the consistency is similar to latex ... about three percent. As the latex dries it becomes very tacky and will stick to itself if accidentally folded over. Most manufacturers offer a slick spray for latex once it is dry to take away the tackiness ... dried liquid latex to create metallic effects. One advantage to the tackiness of liquid latex is that it can ... and face paints, liquid latex is removed by peeling it off since water does not reactivate it. Peeling the latex from the skin can be painful to some people and does tend to pull body hairs out similar to waxing. Even though latex is non toxic, some people can have an allergic reaction. the most severe ... from the ammonia in liquid latex can also severely irritate the eyes, especially when used in special effect makeups on the face. Latex is a natural ingredient that comes from rubber trees in the form of sap. There are thousands of species of trees that produce different types of latex, including ... tree latex is non toxic in both its liquid and solid states, and because of this it can be found in many products such as surgical gloves, condoms and body paint. Liquid latex is naturally clear ... paints can be mixed with the liquid latex solution for custom colors but may not be suitable for use a cosmetic application. Liquid latex used for special effect make up projects like scars and gashes incorporate flesh colored latex that is applied to the skin and then built up using materials such as tissue ... effects makeup that show many uses for liquid latex. Category Body art Category Rubber Category Special ... more details
Foam latex is a lightweight, soft form of latex which is used in masks and facial prosthetic s to change a person s outward appearance. The Wizard of Oz 1939 film The Wizard of Oz was one of the first films to make extensive use of foam latex prosthetics in the 1930s. ref Miller, Ron. Special Effects An Introduction to Movie Magic. Twenty First Century Books, 2006. ref Since then it has been a staple of film, television, and stage productions, as well as finding use in a number of other fields. To create foam latex, a liquid latex base is mixed with various additives and whipped into a foam , then poured or injected into a mold and baked in an oven to cure. The main components of foam latex are the latex base, a foaming agent to help it whip into a froth , a gelling agent to convert the liquid foam into a gel , and a curing agent to turn the gelled foam latex into a solid when baked . A number of additional additives can also be added depending on the required use of the foam. ref Drexler, Donna. The Foam Latex Survival Guide. Burman Industries, 1996. ref Foam latex has also seen heavy use in the field of stop motion animation, being used to form the skin and muscles of many puppets. The characters in The Nightmare Before Christmas and Coraline were made partially of foam latex. It is also used in place of clay in productions such as Celebrity Deathmatch in which the various celebrities who appear to be made of clay are in fact foam latex over wire armature . fact date August 2011 Artists such as Lordi and GWAR wear costumes that include this material. fact date August 2011 Latex foam is also widespread in the manufacture of modern soccer goalkeeper gloves. The material has proven to be the most effective way of allowing players to grip the football in wet and dry playing conditions, as well as providing damping properties which help in catching. A variety of treatments are applied to latex foam to produce different types of foam with varying properties to assist performance ... more details
Infobox software name LaTeX Beamer class logo screenshot Image beamer01.png 300px LaTeX Beamer presentation screenshot screenshot Image A modified Latex Beamer example.jpg 300px An adapted Latex Beamer presentation caption LaTeX Beamer presentation screenshot developer Till Tantau , Joseph Wright programmer ... Start date and age 2010 08 29 frequently updated yes programming language LaTeX , TeX operating ... software license LaTeX Project Public License , GNU General Public License website http bitbucket.org rivanvx beamer LaTeX Beamer class Beamer is a LaTeX class for creating slides for presentations. It supports both pdfLaTeX and LaTeX dvips . The name is taken from the German word wikt Beamer German Beamer , a pseudo anglicism for video projector . The beamer class is not the first LaTeX class for creating ... presentations, like any other LaTeX file, can be created using any text editor, but there is specific support for beamer syntax in AUCTEX and LyX . Beamer supports syntax of other LaTeX presentation packages, including Prosper LaTeX Prosper and Foils , by using compatibility packages. Beamer provides .... External links wikibooks 1 LaTeX 2 Presentations 3 Presentations in LaTeX Portal Free software ... Till Tantau, Joseph Wright, Vedran Mileti 2010 http www.ctan.org tex archive macros latex contrib ... 2010 1 dohmen dohmen.pdf Dual Screen Presentations with the LaTeX Beamer Class under X from http www.tug.org ... gbertran pages tutorials latex.html A tutorial with examples on the usage of Beamer Latex class ... en.wikibooks.org wiki LaTeX Presentations Introduction to beamer on wikibooks http www.lampos.net latex presentation A presentation using the LaTeX Beamer class short guide samples Presentation software LaTeX navbox Category Free TeX software Category TeX SourceForge projects Category Free presentation software Category Presentation software cs Beamer de Beamer LaTeX es Beamer fr Beamer ko LaTeX hr Beamer LaTeX it Beamer ja Beamer pl Beamer LaTeX ru Beamer LaTeX sk Beamer LaTeX uk Beamer ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Morrisonia latex status status system image Fluid Arches Moth Morrisonia latex Hodges10291 .jpg image width 200px image caption Caterpillar regnum Animal ia phylum Arthropod a classis Insect a ordo Lepidoptera familia Noctuidae tribus subtribus genus Morrisonia species M. latex binomial Morrisonia latex binomial authority Guen e, 1852 synonyms Aplecta latex Apamea demissa Polia latex The Fluid Arches Morrisonia latex is a moth of the Noctuidae family. It is found from Nova Scotia to South Carolina , west to Arkansas and north to Manitoba . The moth flies from May to July depending on the location. The larvae feed on Acer rubrum , Acer saccharum , Acer saccharinum , Acer nigrum , Prunus serotina , Betula lenta , Betula nigra , Betula lutea , Betula papyrifera , Ulmus americana , Nyssa sylvatica , Quercus alba , Quercus rubra , Quercus prinus , Quercus velutina and Sassafras albidum . External links http www.butterfliesandmoths.org species?l 5989 Butterfliesandmoths.org http www.daltonstate.edu galeps webpages noctuidae Molatex.htm Picture of Adult http bugguide.net node view 31448 Bug Guide Category Hadeninae Hadeninae stub ... more details
Refimprove date December 2011 Infobox Disease Name Latex allergy Image Disposable gloves 09.JPG Caption Latex medical glove DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD9 ICD9 V15.07 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D020315 Latex allergy is a medical term encompassing a range of allergic reactions to natural rubber latex . Types Latex is known to cause 2 of the 4 or 5 types of hypersensitivity . Type ... . Citation needed date February 2010 Testing for type I natural rubber latex allergy ... test, there is no approved skin testing reagent for latex in the United States, Citation needed date ... reagents. Type I natural rubber latex allergy is caused from IgE immune mediated reactions to proteins found in the Hevea brasiliensis tree, a type of rubber tree. Some people who are allergic to latex are also allergic to clothes, shoes, and other things that contain natural rubber latex for example ... latex protein. Citation needed date February 2011 Type IV reactions are caused by the chemicals used ... reddy.html title Latex Allergy work accessdate 2009 08 08 ref The most common type of reaction .... ref name sd08 cite web url http www.sciencedaily.com videos 2008 1206 protect yourself from latex allergies.htm title Plant Biologists And Immunochemists Develop Hypoallergenic Alternative To Latex ... for long periods to high amounts of latex. About 10 have an allergic reaction. Citation needed date February 2010 Health care provider s. Given the ubiquitous use of latex products in health care settings, management of latex allergy presents significant health organizational problems. Healthcare workers who frequently use latex gloves and other latex containing medical supplies such as physicians ..., and hospital housekeeping personnel are at risk for developing latex allergy. ref cite web url http ... to Natural Rubber Latex in the Workplace publisher United States National Institute for Occupational ... Latex Allergy Bot generated title ref In the surgical setting, however, the risk of a potentially ... more details
AMS LaTeX is a collection of LaTeX document classes and packages developed for the American Mathematical Society AMS . Its additions to LaTeX include the typesetting of multi line and other mathematical statements, document classes, and fonts containing numerous mathematical symbols. ref cite book url http www.ctan.org tex archive info mil mil.pdf title Math into LaTeX author George Gratzer year 1996 isbn 0 8176 3805 9 accessdate 2007 10 08 ref It has largely superseded the plain TeX macro package AMS TeX . AMS TeX was originally written by Michael Spivak , and was used by the AMS from 1983 to 1985. The following code of the LaTeX2e produces the AMS LaTeX logo Image AMS LaTeX.svg 80px AmS LaTeX AMS LaTeX logo.tex documentclass article usepackage amsmath begin document AmS LaTeX end document The package has a suite of facilities to format multi line equations. For example, the following code, begin align y & x 1 2 & x 2 2x 1 end align causes the equals signs in the two lines to be aligned with one another, like this math begin align y & x 1 2 & x 2 2x 1 end align math AMS LaTeX also includes many flexible commands for formatting and numbering theorems, lemmas, etc. For example, one may use the environment tt theorem tt begin theorem Pythagoras Suppose a leq b leq c are the side lengths of a right triangle. br Then a 2 b 2 c 2 . end theorem begin proof . . . end proof to generate blockquote Theorem Pythagoras Suppose math a leq b leq c math are the side lengths of a right triangle. br Then math a 2 b 2 c 2 math . br Proof . . . blockquote See also AMSRefs References references External links http www.ams.org tex AMS TeX Resources http www.tex.ac.uk cgi bin texfaq2html?label AMSpkg TeX FAQ on AMS packages http www.tex.ac.uk cgi bin texfaq2html?label AMSpkg TeX FAQ on AMS TeX Category TeX TeX navbox LaTeX navbox compu library stub digital typography stub de AMS LaTeX es AMS LaTeX ru AMS LaTeX ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Latex is a rural unincorporated area unincorporated community in Harrison County, Texas Harrison County , Texas , United States . It lies about 15 miles northeast of the county seat, Marshall, Texas Marshall . The community s name was derived, not from latex the rubber product , but from the names of the U.S. state states of Texas and Louisiana it is located near the border of the two states . Harrison County, Texas Coord 32 36 17 N 94 02 35 W type city region US TX display title Category Unincorporated communities in Texas Category Populated places in Harrison County, Texas HarrisonTX geo stub vo Latex ... more details
Image Latex mask eg.jpg thumb Example of an empty mask Latex mask generally refers to a full head enclosure or disguise, often worn by someone as a part of a costume and usually made from natural latex rubber , though some masks can be made of vinyl , silicone rubber or foam latex. Latex masks are particularly popular around holidays such as Halloween , where they are worn by trick or treaters. Latex masks were among the earlier arts, typically in film but applying also to the theatre, ref name mm http books.google.co.uk books?id d2p6nx0Md9QC&pg PA21&dq 22latex mask 22&as brr 3&ei z9 9SKbQNIPctAP26JjVDA&client firefox a PPA20,M1 Magnificent Masks , Sharon Parsons, 2000, ISBN 074875730, accessed 21 October 2008 ref originally called special effects. Latex masks are capable of portraying various guises, including monster s ref name mm , Human skull skull s, mythical creatures, animal s, humans, zombies, certain inanimate objects such as a baseball or a crescent moon and even political figures such as Nixon mask Richard Nixon and popular film, TV or cartoon characters. Latex masks are generally made in several stages. The first stage may begin with a clay sculpted positive or male mold of the character. A plaster mold is then made of the sculpture, capturing all of the detail. The plaster ... form. Image Latex mask eg2.jpg thumb Silicone mask Once the male or positive casting has been made ... be re cast. Whether altered or not, the mold is re cast to form a hollow negative of the design and latex ... the latex rubber has dried inside the mold, it can be peeled out and painted as desired. What comes out of the mold is now the positive version of the latex mask. In complex transformations, both the original ... between them filled with liquid latex so that the interior fits the original wearer and the exterior matches the desired character precisely. A pioneer in the creation of latex masks was Don Post, whose .... Don created many of the greatest latex effects, including the masks used in Rod Serling ... more details
Referenced date September 2010 Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Latex Cult Type Studio album Artist Impaled Nazarene Cover Impaled Nazarene Latex Cult.jpg Released 1996 Recorded Genre Black metal Length 30 48 Label Osmose Productions Producer Jarmo Anttila, Mika Luttinen Reviews allmusic Not Rated Allmusic class album id r316653 pure url yes link Last album Suomi Finland Perkele br 1994 This album Latex Cult br 1996 Next album Rapture Impaled Nazarene album Rapture br 1998 Latex Cult is the fourth full length album by Finnish black metal band Impaled Nazarene . A music video was made for 1999 Karmakeddon Warriors . Track listing All music and lyrics by Impaled Nazarene, except where noted. 66.6 s of Foreplay 1 06 1999 Karmakeddon Warriors 2 38 Violence I Crave 1 37 Bashing in Heads 1 10 Mot rpenis 2 21 Zum Kotzen Music Impaled Nazarene Lyrics Potka 3 14 Alien Militant 2 46 Goat War 0 52 Punishment Is Absolute 2 47 When All Golden Turned to Shit 1 26 Masterbator 2 25 Burning of Provinciestraat 3 12 I Eat Pussy for Breakfast 1 25 Delirium Tremens 3 21 Personnel Mika Luttinen vocals Jarmo Anttila guitar Taneli Jarva bass Reima Kellokoski drums Production Executive Producer Osmose Productions Produced by Mika Luttinen and Jarmo Anttila Engineers Ahti Kortelainen External links http www.discogs.com Impaled Nazarene Latex Cult release 370808 Latex Cult at discogs Category Impaled Nazarene albums Category 1996 albums fi Latex Cult ... more details
Use dmy dates date May 2011 Teki Latex born 1978 as Julien Pradeyrol in Paris, France is a Paris based electronica , dance music dance and hip hop artist, working both independently and as part of the French hip hop act TTC band TTC . Life Image Tekilatex.JPG thumb right Tekilatex 14 December 2007, Lille . He is also co founder of the independent record label independent hip hop and electronica record label Institubes. He is of Italian people Italian descent. ref http www.tourte.org teki latex disco dance with you et les matins de paris feat lio clip et paroles 1553.html Teki Latex, Disco Dance With You et Les Matins de Paris feat. Lio clip et paroles Bot generated title ref The colorful music video for his 2007 collaboration with Lio , Les Matins de Paris . Discography Albums Party de plaisir 4 June 2007, EMI Music France Mes pelures sont plus belles que vos fruits June 2009, Institubes Collaborations 33 Hz Devin the Dude Teki Latex Paris, Texas Remixes 18 December 2007, Dither Down References references External links myspace tekitek Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Teki Latex ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION Rapper DATE OF BIRTH 1978 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Teki Latex Category French male singers Category French rappers Category 1978 births Category Living people Category French people of Italian descent France musician stub fr Teki Latex ... more details
Infobox single Name Latex Messiah Viva La Rebel In You Cover Latex messiah single cover.jpg Artist Toyah Willcox B side from Album In The Court Of The Crimson Queen Released 29 October 2007 Format download Recorded 2007 Genre Rock music rock Length 3 51 Label Willow Recordings Writer Toyah Willcox Simon Darlow Producer Simon Darlow Last single Little Tears Of Love br 2002 This single Latex Messiah Viva La Rebel In You br 2007 Next single Latex Messiah Viva La Rebel In You is the 22nd single release by the Great Britain British Rock music rock singer Toyah Willcox . Written by Toyah and collaborator Simon Darlow, it was her first single release since 1994 and also her first digital release. The single, taken from the singer s studio album In The Court Of The Crimson Queen 2008 in music 2008 , was released as a download, exclusively through iTunes , on the 29 October 2007, and reached 6 in the iTunes Rock Chart. ref name crimson http www.toyah.net crimsonnews.html Dreamscape. In the Court of the Crimson Queen . www.toyah.net. ref Several guerilla footage home made videos were shot for the song a collaboration between Toyah and her long term photographer Dean Stockings and are featured on her Myspace page and on the official Toyah YouTube channel. Personnel Toyah Willcox vocals Simon Darlow all instrumebts, backing vocals, producing, mixing References Reflist Category 2007 singles Category Toyah songs Category Songs written by Toyah Willcox ... more details
multiple issues cleanup November 2010 confusing November 2010 context November 2010 unreferenced November 2010 Biber is a BibTeX replacement for users of biblatex . Biblatex relies on BibTeX only for sorting and generating a very generic .bbl file. Biber eliminates the need for BibTeX. It includes a pure perl BibTeX parser. Given the same data file as input, biber should output a functionally identical .bbl file as BibTeX. The advantages of no longer being dependent upon BibTeX include the following full Unicode support, no memory limitations, and extensibility. External links SourceForge biblatex biber Biber LaTeX navbox Category BibTeX ... more details
orphan date June 2010 Latex Generation is a New York , USA punk rock musical band band that formed in the early 1990s. The band s name was inspired by a news report that spoke of the current generation of teens regarding the threat of Sexually transmitted disease STDs and the AIDS epidemic came on the radio. The name has also been said to be a play on words as the Late X Generation because the members ... LG . Over the years, Latex Generation has released 2 full length CDs, 3 7 records, a number of compilation ... 1 Latex Generation recorded a demo music demo entitled Loser with local producer Steve Ronsen ... Cover Runaround Sue Cover Latex was now playing shows with larger bands in the NYC punk scene ... I Killed the President Bazooka Fallen Angel with hidden track Sgt. Thrasher afterwards Latex Generation ... Latex Generation , now with the following members Joseph Nienstedt Vocals Guitar Tommy Rockstar ... their record label, Latex Generation embarked on their first international tour to Europe with label .... Latex Genreation was featured in video documentary film documentary filmed during that tour European ... Guitar Tommy Rockstar Bass Brian Alien aka Alien Drums Latex Generation was a completely different ... Latex Generation s 2nd CD, were Laugh It Off 6th Sense 21 of age recorded with Hugo on drums ... The Best Revenge never commercially released Latex Generation 1998 to 2006 After years of hard work ... audiences on a daily basis performing in front of as many as 15,000 people . Upon return, Latex Generation ... was having difficulties with drummer Brian Alien. Brian Alien and Latex Generation decided to split .... It was the song 21 of age . In December 2006, Latex Generation reunited for a pair of shows with an also reunited Weston band in New York and Pennsylvania. Latex Generation s lineup for these shows ... can be viewed on YouTube Digital Music Releases In late 2006, Latex Generation released digital download ... The Underground Press http youtube.com latexgeneration Latex Generation Channel on YouTube.com ... more details
Polymer science or macromolecular science is the subfield of materials science concerned with polymer s, primarily synthetic polymers such as plastic s. The field of polymer science includes researchers ... main sub disciplines Polymer chemistry or macromolecular chemistry , concerned with the chemical synthesis and chemical properties of polymers. Polymer physics , concerned with the bulk properties of polymer materials and engineering applications. Polymer characterization is concerned with the analysis ... to compositional and structural parameters. History of polymer science Henri Braconnot s work in the 1830s is perhaps the first modern example of polymer science. Braconnot, along with Christian Sch nbein and others, developed derivatives of the natural polymer cellulose , producing new, semi synthetic materials, such as celluloid and cellulose acetate . The term polymer was coined in 1833 by J ns Jakob Berzelius , though Berzelius did little that would be considered polymer science in the modern ... rubber represents the first commercially successful product of polymer research. In 1884 Hilaire de ... ref In 1907 Leo Baekeland invented the first chemical synthesis synthetic polymer, a thermoset ting phenol formaldehyde resin called Bakelite . Despite significant advances in polymer synthesis ... Prize in 1953. The World War II era marked the emergence of a strong commercial polymer industry. Citation needed date March 2007 The limited or restricted supply of natural materials such as silk and latex ... to fuel a strong and growing polymer industry. The growth in industrial applications was mirrored ... Mark Herman Mark established the Polymer Research Institute at Brooklyn Polytechnic , the first research facility in the United States dedicated to polymer research. Mark is also recognized as a pioneer in establishing curriculum and pedagogy for the field of polymer science. ref name NHCL Polymer Research Institute cite web url http acswebcontent.acs.org landmarks landmarks polymer pol 1.html title ... more details
Refimprove date December 2009 An acrylate polymer belongs to a group of polymer s which could be referred to generally as plastic s. They are noted for their transparency and resistance to breakage and elasticity. Also commonly known as acrylics or polyacrylates . Typical acrylate monomer s used to form acrylate polymers are acrylic acid , methyl methacrylate and acrylonitrile . Monomers Other examples of acrylate monomers are Methacrylates methyl acrylate ethyl acrylate 2 chloroethyl vinyl ether 2 ethylhexyl acrylate , hydroxyethyl methacrylate butyl acrylate butyl methacrylate TMPTA . Acrylic elastomers Acrylic elastomer is a general term for a type of synthetic rubber whose main component is acrylic acid alkyl ester Ethyl group ethyl or butyl ester . ref http www.patentstorm.us patents 6015860 claims.html ref Acrylic elastomer has characteristics of heat and oil resistance. It is divided into old type and new type Old types include ACM copolymer of acrylic acid ester and 2 chloroethyl vinyl ether containing chlorine and ANM copolymer of acrylic acid ester and acrylonitrile without chloride. Other than the slightly better water resistance of ANM, there are no physical differences even processability is poor for both types. Since prices are also high, demand is not so high vis vis the characteristics. On the other hand, the new type of acrylic rubber does not contain any chlorine despite its unclear chemical composition. Processability has been improved, and most of tackiness to rolls as well as staining problems related to molds have been solved. Major characteristics of acrylic ... to automobiles. Other acrylic polymers Polymethyl methacrylate , an acrylate polymer familiar to consumers ... and indoor latex house paints Acrylic paints as artist paints Acrylic fibre Sodium polyacrylate water soluble thickeners, a polymer for the production of the Superabsorbent polymer SAP used in disposable ... reflist See also Meth acrylate s Acrylic disambiguation Dishmaker DEFAULTSORT Acrylate Polymer ... more details
multiple issues orphan May 2010 unreferenced April 2009 notability April 2009 In a given formulation or recipe of a polymer compound, the total amount parts per hundred of polymer added to prepare certain compound is called polymer ratio . It basically refers to the aggregated amount of polymer content within the formulation that may undergo any physical or chemical change during the course of post polymerization or physical heat treatment . DEFAULTSORT Polymer Ratio Category Polymers ... more details
Superabsorbent polymers SAP also called slush powder are polymer s that can absorb and retain extremely large amounts of a liquid relative to their own mass. ref Horie, K, et. al , 890. ref Water absorbing polymers, which are classified as Hydrogels when cross linked, ref cite doi 10.1016 S0014 3057 02 00391 9 ref absorb aqueous solutions through hydrogen bonding with water molecules. A SAP s ability ... water conservation in soils. They developed a resin based on the grafting of acrylonitrile polymer ... of this starch acrylonitrile co polymer gave water absorption greater than 400 times its weight. Also, the gel did not release liquid water the way that fiber based absorbents do. The polymer came ... html history of superabsorbents.html title History of Super Absorbent Polymer Chemistry publisher M2 Polymer Technologies, Inc accessdate 2009 06 10 ref Polyacrylate polyacrylamide copolymers ... a poly acrylic acid sodium salt sometimes referred to as sodium polyacrylate . This polymer is the most ... polymer, such as polyacrylamide copolymer, ethylene maleic anhydride copolymer, cross linked ... Under Load AUL or Absorbency Against Pressure AAP . The dried polymer particles are then screened ... sap.html title Basics of Super Absorbent Polymer & Acrylic Acid Chemistry publisher M2 Polymer Technologies ... of a granular polymer supplied in solution form. Solutions and can be diluted with water prior to application .... The reactant polymer gel is then chopped, dried and ground to its final granule size. Any treatments ... based solvent. The net result is that the suspension polymerization creates the primary polymer ... carrier Frog tape high tech masking tape designed for use with latex paint . Grow monsters Grow in water ... storage pit with a combination of superabsorbent polymer, sawdust and shredded newspaper ... Katime Amashta, Issa Antonio cite book title Modern Superabsorbent Polymer Technology editor Buchholz ... Polymer Particles Category Polymers de Superabsorber fr Polym re superabsorbant nl Superabsorberend ... more details
Wikify date January 2011 Polymer concrete is part of group of concretes that use polymers to supplement or replace cement as a binder. The types include polymer impregnated concrete, polymer concrete, and polymer Portland cement concrete. Polymers in concrete have been overseen by ACI Committee 548 since 1971. Citation needed date July 2010 Image PolymerConcreteCells.jpg thumb Examples of Polymer Concrete Cells Composition In polymer concrete, thermosetting resins are used as the principal polymer component due to their high thermal stability and resistance to a wide variety of chemicals. Polymer concrete is also composed of aggregates that include silica, quartz, granite, limestone, and other .... Failure of these criteria can reduce the bond strength between the polymer binder and the aggregate. Uses Polymer concrete may be used for new construction or repairing of old concrete. The adhesion properties of polymer concrete allow patching for both polymer and cementitious concretes. The low permeability of polymer concrete allows it to be used in swimming pools, sewer pipes, drainage channels ... image removed Image PolymerConcreteCellsinTankhouse.jpg thumb Polymer Concrete Cells in a Copper Tankhouse Advantages Advantages of polymer concrete include Rapid curing at ambient temperatures High ... Disadvantages Some safety issues arise out of the use of polymer concrete. The monomers can be volatile ... Polymer concretes also cost significantly more than conventional concrete. Citation needed date July 2010 Specifications Following are some specification examples of the features of polymer concrete class ... content 8qx4372410544148 Design and manufacture of hybrid polymer concrete bed for high ... q3h0210888452756 The compressive strength of a new ureaformaldehyde based polymer concrete A. A. Alzaydi, S. A. Shihata1 and T. Alp in table Properties of polymer concrete ref Expand section date April 2008 References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Polymer Concrete Category Concrete cs Polymerbeton ... more details
A polymer blend or polymer mixture is a member of a class of materials analogous to metal alloy s, in which at least two polymer s are blended together to create a new material with different physical properties. ref cite book author Gert R. Strobl title The Physics of Polymers Concepts for Understanding Their Structures and Behavior publisher Springer Verlag year 1996 id ISBN 3 540 60768 4 Section 3.2 Polymer Mixtures ref History During the 1940s, 50s and 60s, the commercial development of the new monomers for production of the new polymers seemed endless. In this period, it was discovered that the development of the new techniques for the modification of the already existing polymers, would ... words, the joint polymerization of more than one kind of polymer. A new polymers modification process ... mixture of natural rubber with Gutta percha . This process generated a new polymer class called Polymer Blends . Basic Concepts Polymer blends can be broadly divided into three categories Immiscible polymer blends heterogeneous polymer blends This is by far the most populous group. If the blend is made of two polymers, two glass transition temperature s will be observed. Compatible polymer blends Immiscible polymer blend that exhibits macroscopically uniform physical properties. The macroscopically ... polymers. ref http goldbook.iupac.org CT07581.html ref Miscible polymer blends homogeneous polymer blend Polymer blend that is a single phase structure. In this case, one glass transition temperature will be observed. The use of the term polymer alloy for a polymer blend is discouraged, as the former term includes multiphase copolymers but excludes incompatible polymer blends. ref http goldbook.iupac.org P04736.html ref Examples of miscible polymer blends Homopolymer Homopolymer Polyphenylene ... PC Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene ABS Bayblend, Pulse, Anjablend A . Polymer blends can be used ... External links Miscible polymer blends http pslc.ws macrog blend.htm Immiscible polymer blends ... more details
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