The spermatic fascia is a bilayered fascia covering the testis both layers are derived from abdominal muscle or fascia. The more superficial of these two layers, the external spermatic fascia , lies deep to the skin and dartos fascia of the testes, superficial to the cremaster muscle , and is a continuation of the aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle . The deeper internal spermatic fascia is deep to the cremaster muscle, directly surrounds the spermatic cord and its contents, and is a continuation of the abdominal transversalis fascia . disambig ... more details
Multiple issues unreferenced November 2006 orphan February 2009 context October 2009 Tracking the interference amongst various layers, in a multi directional Solid Freeform Fabrication, is extremely important. The geodesic interference level is a common attribute of all the mutually interfering layers. The algorithm for multi directional deposition using geodesic interference level attribute was introduced by Rajeev Dwivedi and Radovan Kovacevic in 2005, at the Research Center for Advanced Manufacturing . DEFAULTSORT Intereference Geodesic Level Category Thin films ... more details
dablink This article is about organization of tissues in animal bodies. For botanical use of the term laminar, see Leaf shape . Orphan date February 2009 Laminar organization describes the way certain biological tissue tissues , such as bone membrane , skin , or brain matter, are arranged in layers. The organization of the cerebral cortex can be described by its laminar organization, due to the arrangement of cortical neuron s into Cerebral cortex Laminar pattern six distinct layers . Category Tissues anatomy stub ... more details
In weather forecasting , decoupling is boundary layer decoupling of atmospheric layers over land at night. During the day when the sun shines and warms the land, air at the surface of the earth is heated and rises. This rising air mixes the atmosphere near the earth. At night this process stops and air near the surface cools as the land loses heat by radiating in the infrared . If winds are light, air near the surface of the earth can become much colder, compared to the air above it, than if more mixing of air layers occurred. Category Weather forecasting ... more details
Pousse caf French, literally coffee pusher may refer to a digestif , an alcoholic beverage consumed after the coffee course a layered drink composed of several layers of differently colored liqueurs disambiguation bg de Pousse Caf ko ... more details
Cutis may refer to several unrelated biological structures Cutis anatomy , the outermost layers of skin Cutis mycology , a type of pileipellis with a repent arrangement of hyphae and to Cuti , a village in Alma u Commune, S laj County, Romania disambig sk Cutis ... more details
Unreferenced date October 2007 Skin trauma is when the skin or multiple layers of epithelial tissue s experience serious and altering physical injury. This can be in the form of cuts, burns, sickness or other injury. DEFAULTSORT Skin Trauma Category Dermatologic terminology dermatology stub ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Multilayer soft lithography MSL is a fabrication process in which microscopic chambers, channels, valves and vias are molded within bonded layers of elastomer . tech stub Category Lithography microfabrication ... more details
A multilayered software architecture is a software architecture that uses many Layer object oriented design layers for allocating the responsibilities. There is also an architectural pattern that is named Layers and has been described in different publications, including the book Pattern Oriented Software Architecture, A System of Patterns . ref http www.wiley.com WileyCDA WileyTitle productCd 0471958697.html Pattern Oriented Software Architecture A System of Patterns ref The concepts of layer and tier are often used interchangeably. However, one fairly common point of view is that there is indeed a difference, and that a layer is a logical structuring mechanism for the elements that make up your software solution, while a tier is a physical structuring mechanism for the system infrastructure. ref http msdn.microsoft.com en us library ms998478.aspx Deployment Patterns Microsoft Enterprise Architecture, Patterns, and Practices ref Notes references See also Common layers in an information system logical architecture Multitier architecture Shearing layers Category Software design Category Software architecture Category Software engineering terminology ... more details
merge to Stitch textile arts date January 2012 Wikify date December 2010 unreferenced date July 2008 Pad stitches are a type of running stitch made by placing small stitches perpendicular to the line of stitching. Pad stitches secure two or more layers of fabric together and give the layers more firmness smaller and denser stitches create more firmness. They may also be used to enforce an overall curvature of the layers. Usage Tailors pad stitch a jacket s lapel and undercollar to give them additional firmness, and maintain their curvature. The line of stitching usually runs parallel to the direction of the most important curve of the layers. For example, pad stitches in a suit s lapel run parallel to the lapel s roll line pad stitches in the under collar of a tailored jacket run parallel to the collar s back edge. sewing DEFAULTSORT Pad Stitch Category Sewing stitches textile arts stub ... more details
Tyras Vallis is an ancient river valley in the Lunae Palus quadrangle of Mars. It is located at 8.4 N and 50.2 W. It was named after a classical name for the present Dniester Dniester River in Ukraine . ref http planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov ref gallery Image Tyras Vallis Fan Deposit.JPG Tyras Vallis Fan Deposit, as seen by HiRISE . Click on image to see layers. Image Tyrasvallis2.JPG Tyras Vallis Fan Deposit at a different sun angle. The scale bar is 500 meters long. This image is just to the right of the previous image. Image Layers in Monument Valley.jpg Layers in Monument Valley. These are accepted as being formed, at least in part, by water deposition. Since Mars contains similar layers, water remains as a major cause of layering on Mars. gallery References reflist Category Lunae Palus quadrangle Category Valleys and canyons on Mars Mars stub pt Tyras Vallis ... more details
Jazerant is a form of Medieval armour consisting of Mail armour Mail concealed between layers of fabric and or leather. It was used in the Middle East from the 12th century. The name is derived from the Arabic kazaghand . Category Medieval armour medieval armour stub ... more details
Rock varnish microlamination VML Dating uses the slow build up of varnish or dark coating on subaerially exposed rock surfaces. It is the world s slowest accumulating Sedimentary deposits sedimentary deposit at around 1 m per 1000 yrs.It is particularly well preserved and therefore useful in arid & semi arid regions. The Microlaminations can be observed when varnish shaved thin enough 5 10 m to see through with a light microscope . Dark layers in varnish are rich in Mn and Ba, but poor in Si and Al. Orange and yellow layers poor in Mn and Ba, rich in Si and Al. There is also a growing body of evidence indicates varnish microstratigraphy carries climate record Mn poor yellow layers formed during dry periods, Mn rich black layers deposited during wet periods. ref cite web last Dorn first Ronald title The Rock Varnish Revolution New Insights from Microlaminations and the Contributions of Tanzhuo Liu url http alliance.la.asu.edu dorn GeographyCompass 09.pdf ref References Reflist Category Dating methods ... more details
Layering is placing one thing on top of another. Layering of plants Network protocol Layering where one network protocol layer provides service for higher layers Layering finance , a strategy in high frequency trading disambig ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Using the same 3D optical data storage technology as the fluorescent multilayer disc , the fluorescent multilayer card was a memory device proposed by Consallation3D. It consisted of a card containing a square shaped clear part with multiple layers each containing a different fluorescent material capable of emitting light at a different wavelength from the other layers. By this approach, the device could contain several layers, each with individually addressable data. It was suggested that a card with the data area roughly 25 mm one inch wide could be able to hold 10 gigabyte GB of data. DEFAULTSORT Fluorescent Multilayer Card Category Computer storage media Category Vaporware Compu storage stub ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Phosphosilicate glass , commonly referred to by the acronym PSG , is a silicate glass commonly used in Fabrication semiconductor semiconductor device fabrication for intermetal layers, i.e., insulating layers deposited between succeedingly higher metal or conducting layers. Another common species of phosphosilicate glass is borophosphosilicate glass BPSG or borophosphosilicate glass . Soda lime phosphosilicate glasses also form the basis for bioactive glasses e.g. Bioglass , a family of materials which chemically convert to mineralised bone hydroxy carbonate apatite in physiological fluid. See also Wafer electronics Glass science DEFAULTSORT Phosphosilicate Glass Category Glass compositions Category Semiconductor device fabrication Glass material stub ... more details
Multiple issues wikify December 2010 refimprove April 2008 Expert subject Fashion date February 2009 Deleted image removed File Pr rosanna munter.jpg thumb Pop singer Rosie Munter wearing layered hair Layered hair is a hair style that gives the illusion of length and volume using long hair for the illusion of length and short hair for volume, this way it is easy to style and manage. Hair is arranged into layers, with the top layers those that grow nearer the crown cut shorter than the layers beneath. This allows the tips of the top layers to blend apparently seamlessly with layers beneath. Popular hair styles of the today involve making creating unique styles between the different layers. There can distinct layering with obvious layers, or blended layering with soft layers. Hair color can also amplify the layering affect that layers give in a certain hair style. The layered hair effect is achieved by taking sections of hair vertically across the head, pulling it perpendicular to the head, and cutting straight across. Sliding haircut Section hair to 4 parts, start with back section and cut radially at 20 deg angle. Transition over the ear serves as guideline for the front sections. Creates a soft layered ends, but predominantly gives the one length look. Suitable for medium wavy textures. Graduated Bob Section hair to 4 parts. Cut radially to 90 deg. Deeper layers than Sliding haircut. Angled bob or the Rihanna bob Section to 4 parts. Cut to central axis at back at 90 deg angle. Blended Elevation Here the top section bob section is cut 90 deg while the side sections are cut 180 deg to the length of the top section. the occipital and nape sections are cut 90 deg. In this form of layering there is an elevated group of layers formed due to shorter top section and then it blends with the softer side and back layers. Not suited for wavy or curly hair, but for straight or slightly wavy hair. Reverse Graduation Make a six section and cut the bob section at 90 deg to require ... more details
MarsGeo Crater name Wislicenus Crater image Image Sinus Sabaeus map.JPG 200px caption Quadrangle map of Sinus Sabaeus labeled with major features. Colored rectangles represent image footprints of Mars Global Surveyor . location latitude 18.4 N or S S longitude 348.6 E or W W type dimensions discoverer naming diameter 139 km eponym Walter Wislicenus , a Germans German astronomer 1859 1905 Wislicenus Crater is an impact crater in the Sinus Sabaeus quadrangle of Mars at 18.4 south latitude and 348.6 west longitude. It is about 139 km in diameter and was named after Walter Wislicenus , a Germans German astronomer 1859 1905 . Layers Wislicenus Crater contains layers, also called strata. Many places on Mars show rocks arranged in layers. Sometimes the layers are of different colors. Light toned rocks on Mars have been associated with hydraded minerals like sulfates. The Mars Rover Opportunity examined such layers close up with several instruments. Some layers are probably made up of fine particles because they seem to break up into find dust. Other layers break up into large boulders so they are probably much harder. Basalt , a volcanic rock, is thought to in the layers that form boulders. Basalt has been identified on Mars in many places. Instruments on orbiting spacecraft have detected clay also called phyllosilicates in some layers. Scientists are excited about finding hydrated minerals such as sulfates and clays on Mars because they are usually formed in the presence of water. ref http themis.asu.edu features nilosyrtis ref Places that contain clays and or other hydrated minerals would be good places to look for evidence of life. ref http hirise.lpl.arizona.edu PSP 004046 2080 ref Rock can form layers in a variety of ways. Volcanoes, wind, or water can produce layers. ref http hirise.lpl.arizona.edu?PSP 008437 1750 ref gallery gallery Image Wislicenus Crater Floor.JPG Wislicenus Crater Floor, as seen by HiRISE . Erosion on floor has made layers visible. gallery R ... more details
Multiple issues unreliable sources December 2011 COI December 2011 wikify April 2011 Broadband bonding is a type of channel bonding that refers to aggregation of multiple channels at OSI layers at level four or above. Channels bonded can be wired links such as a T 1 or DSL line. Additionally, it is possible to bond multiple cellular links for an aggregated wireless bonded link. Previous bonding methodologies resided at lower OSI layers, requiring coordination with telecommunications companies for implementation. Broadband bonding, because it is implemented at higher layers, can be done without this coordination. ref http engineeringbook.net articles broadband bonding offers high speed alternative ref References Reflist Category Network performance Category Network architecture ... more details
In materials science , Composite laminates are assemblies of layers of fiber fibrous composite material s which can be joined to provide required engineering properties, including in plane stiffness , bending stiffness , Strength of materials strength , and coefficient of thermal expansion . The individual layers consist of high Elastic modulus modulus , high strength fibers in a polymer polymeric , metal metallic , or ceramic matrix material. Typical fiber s used include graphite , glass , boron , and silicon carbide , and some matrix materials are Epoxy epoxies , polyimide s, aluminium , titanium , and Aluminium oxide alumina . Layers of different materials may be used, resulting in a hybrid laminate. The individual layers generally are orthotropic that is, with principal properties in orthogonal directions or transversely isotropic with isotropic properties in the transverse plane with the laminate then exhibiting anisotropic with variable direction of principal properties , orthotropic, or quasi isotropic properties. Quasi isotropic laminates exhibit isotropic that is, independent of direction inplane response but are not restricted to isotropic out of plane bending response. Depending upon the stacking sequence of the individual layers, the laminate may exhibit coupling between inplane and out of plane response. An example of bending stretching coupling is the presence of curvature developing as a result of inplane loading. See also Laminate Material stub Category Composite materials fa ... more details
The quiteron is a superconducting three terminal, three layer switching device similar to transistor . It was proposed by Sadeg Faris , then working for IBM , in 1982, and is distinct from superconductive Josephson effect Josephson junction . ref name NS http books.google.com books?id jQEjRCG4E7UC Superconducting highway to low noise chips . New Scientist , February 10, 1983, p. 369. ref Quiteron s characteristics are very low switching energy requirements and extremely fast switching times on the order of 10 sup 12 sup s. It works on principles of quantum tunneling by injecting quasiparticles through the two thin insulator layers separating the three superconducting layers. Quiteron has yet found no significant practical use as of 2009. The original quiteron consisted of three semiconductor layers, cooled to superconductivity superconductive temperatures . Two layers were made of niobium , the third of lead indium gold alloy. They were insulated with silicon monoxide and niobium pentoxide niobium oxide layers. ref name NS Notes reflist References Faris, S. Raider, S. Gallagher, W. Drake, R. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 19, issue 3, pp. 1293 1295 S.M. Faris Quiteron, Hypres, Inc. electronics stub Category Quantum electronics Category Switches Category Superconductivity ... more details
together to form layers. ref http www.spaceref.com 80 news viewpr.html.pid 27101 ref center gallery perrow 4 Image Schiaparelli basin crater.jpg Layers in a crater in the Schiaparelli basin as seen by MGS. Image Schiaparelli Crater Layers.JPG Layers in Crater within Schiaparelli crater, as seen by HiRISE . Image from Sinus Sabaeus quadrangle . Image Layers in Monument Valley.jpg Layers in Monument ... contains similar layers, water remains as a major cause of layering on Mars. Image ESP 025201rings.jpg ... more details
often contain many layers. The floors of some of the canyons contain large deposits of layered materials. Some researchers believe that the layers were formed when water once filled the canyons. The canyons ... Canyon is only 1.6 kilometers deep. ref ISBN 0 8165 1257 4 ref Layers Images of rocks in the canyon walls almost always show layers. Some layers appear tougher than others. In the image below of Ganges Chasma Layers, as seen by HiRISE, one can see that the upper, light toned deposits are eroding much faster than the lower darker layers. Some cliffs on Mars show a few darker layers standing out and often .... Because of its closeness to the Tharsis volcanic region, the rock layers may be made of layer ... of Mars. ref http themis.asu.edu features coprateschasma ref Dark layers may be due to dark lava flows ... more details
Layer may refer to wiktionary layer layers A layer of archaeological deposits in an Excavation archaeology Excavation A layer hen , a hen raised to produce eggs Stratum , a layer of rock or soil with internally consistent characteristics Thermocline , a layer within a body of water where the temperature changes rapidly with depth Layering , a technique for plant propagation Layered hair , a popular hair styling technique Layering clothing , the wearing of multiple layers of clothing for practical or fashion purposes Layering may also refer to the money laundering crimes, that usually occur in 3 stages placement when the dirty money is separated from the former criminal activity , layering the act of giving an appearance of legal to the values and integration when the money is formally incorporated to the economic system tocright Places Layer de la Haye is a village in Essex, England Fiction Mega Man X8 Maverick Hunters Layer , a female Maverick Hunter in the Mega Man X series Science Layer electronics , a single thickness of some material covering a surface F region Appleton Layer , or F Layer telecommunications Computing and technology Abstraction layer , a way of hiding the implementation details of a particular set of functionality OSI model layers Internet protocol suite layers 2D computer graphics Layers , layers in 2D computer graphics Layers digital image editing , used in digital image editing to separate different elements of an image map layer a set of graphical information, especially in geographic information system s layer object oriented design , a group of classes that have the same set of link time module dependencies to other modules DVD layer, such as in DVD Dual layer recording Layer HTML tag a deprecated < iframe> like tag, unique to Netscape 4 browsers A layer of objects in CAD standards CAD disambiguation de Layer es Capa desambiguaci n eo Tavolo fr Couche ko he ja ru sk Vrstva uk ... more details
wiktionary stratification stratified stratify Stratification is the building up of layers. Stratified is an adjective referring to the arranging of layers, and is also the past form of the verb stratify , to separate or become separated into layers. They may refer to In mathematics, statistics and applied science for the use of stratification in mathematics and statistics Stratification mathematics Stratified sampling , in statistics Stratified fuel charge , or ultra lean burn , the use of lean mixtures in an internal combustion engine with unequalized pressure in the cylinder Fuel charge stratification , an internal combustion process using gasoline direct injection to reduce fuel consumption and emissions Fuel stratified injection FSI , the operation of a stratified fuel charge in an engine using direct injection In the earth sciences Stratification, the layering stratum strata of rocks Stratification archeology , the formation of layers strata in which objects are found Stratigraphy , the study of geological or archaeological stratification and strata Atmospheric stratification Principal layers Atmospheric stratification , the dividing of the Earth s atmosphere into strata Stratification water , the formation of water layers based on salinity and temperature Lake stratification , the dividing of lake water Geographic stratification, the dividing of geographic areas In the social sciences Social stratification , the dividing of a society into levels based on power or socioeconomic status In biology and medicine Stratification botany , where seeds are pretreated to simulate winter conditions so that germination may occur Stratified epithelial lining s, several types of epithelium characterized by multiple layers Stratified medicine , where patients are grouped according to shared biological traits and diagnostic results Population stratification , the stratification of a genetic population based on allele frequencies See also Destratification Strata disambiguation Stratum ... more details
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