Taxobox virus group iv familia Leviviridae subdivision ranks Genera subdivision Levivirus br Allolevivirus The Leviviridae are a family of virus es, including the following genera Genus Levivirus type species Bacteriophage MS2 Enterobacteria phage MS2 Genus Allolevivirus type species Bacteriophage Q Enterobacteria phage Q External links http www.expasy.org viralzone all by species 163.html Viralzone Leviviridae Category RNA viruses Category Bacteriophages Virus stub ar ca Leviv rid es Leviviridae zh ... more details
A coliphage is a type of bacteriophage that infects Escherichia coli . Examples include Bacteriophage lambda and Leviviridae . External links MeshName Coliphages Category Bacteriophages Virus stub ru ... more details
Taxobox color violet virus group iv familia Leviviridae genus Levivirus species Bacteriophage f2 The bacteriophage f2 is an icosahedral, positive sense single stranded RNA virus that infects the bacterium Escherichia coli . ref name van Duin van Duin J, Tsareva N. Single stranded RNA phages. Chapter 15 pp. 175 196 in Calendar RL ed. , The Bacteriophages Second Edition . Oxford University Press, 2006. ref It is extremely similar to bacteriophage MS2 . History f2 was the first RNA containing bacteriophage to be isolated, reported in 1961. ref Loeb T, Zinder ND. A bacteriophage containing RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1961 Mar 15 47 282 9. ref Tim Loeb and Norton Zinder searched for and discovered two phages in filtered samples of raw New York City sewage that grew on male F but not female F E. coli . The first phage was f1 phage f1 , which produced cloudy viral plaque plaques the second phage was f2, which produced clear plaques. ref name van Duin References references DEFAULTSORT Bacteriophage f2 Category Bacteriophages ... more details
Taxobox color violet virus group IV familia Leviviridae genus Allolevivirus species Bacteriophage Q Bacteriophage Q is an icosahedral virus with a diameter of 25 nm. Its host is Escherichia coli . Q enters its host cell through the side of the F pilus . Genetics The genome of Q is 4218 nucleotides long. The genome has three open reading frame s and encodes four protein s A1, A2, CP and q replicase . The genome is highly structured, which regulates gene expression and protects the genome from host RNase s. Protein A2 A2 is called the maturation protein due to its lysis activity. One copy of A2 is present per virion. The mechanism of lysis is similar to that of penicillin A2 inhibits the formation of peptidoglycan by inhibiting the enzyme UDP N acetylglucosamine 1 carboxyvinyltransferase MurA , which catalyzes the first committed step of peptidoglycan synthesis. A2 also functions in host cell recognition and cell entry. When A2 binds to the sex pilus of the bacterium, A2 cleaves and forms a pore into the host. RNA Polymerase The RNA polymerase that replicates both the plus and minus RNA strands is a complex of four proteins the beta subunit replicase is encoded by the phage, while the other three subunits are encoded by the bacterial genome alpha subunit ribosomal protein S1 , gamma subunit EF Tu , and delta subunit EF Ts . ref name van Duin van Duin J, Tsareva N. Single stranded RNA phages. Chapter 15 pp. 175 196 in Calendar RL ed. , The Bacteriophages Second Edition . Oxford University Press, 2006. ref References references DEFAULTSORT Bacteriophage Q Category Bacteriophages es Bacteri fago Q ... more details
Taxobox color violet virus group iv familia Leviviridae genus Levivirus species Bacteriophage MS2 The bacteriophage MS2 is an icosahedral, positive sense single stranded RNA virus that infects the bacterium Escherichia coli . ref name van Duin van Duin J, Tsareva N. Single stranded RNA phages. Chapter 15 pp. 175 196 in Calendar RL ed. , The Bacteriophages Second Edition . Oxford University Press, 2006. ref History In 1961, MS2 was isolated by Alvin John Clark and recognized as an RNA containing phage very similar to bacteriophage f2 . ref Davis JE, Strauss JH, Sinsheimer RL. Bacteriophage MS2 another RNA phage. 1961 November 3 134 3488 1427. ref In 1976, MS2 was the first organism to have its genome completely sequenced. ref name Fiers Fiers W, Contreras R, Duerinck F, Haegeman G, Iserentant D, Merregaert J, Min Jou W, Molemans F, Raeymaekers A, Van den Berghe A, Volckaert G, Ysebaert M., Complete nucleotide sequence of bacteriophage MS2 RNA primary and secondary structure of the replicase gene, Nature. 1976 April 8 260 5551 500 7. ref This was accomplished by Walter Fiers and his team, building upon their earlier milestone in 1972 of the first gene to be completely sequenced, the MS2 coat protein. ref Min Jou W, Haegeman G, Ysebaert M, Fiers W., Nucleotide sequence of the gene coding for the bacteriophage MS2 coat protein, Nature. 1972 May 12 237 5350 82 8 ref These sequences were determined at the RNA level, whereas the next landmark achievement, the sequence of the bacteriophage Phi X 174 X174 genome in 1977, was determined using DNA. ref Sanger, FF, et al. 1977. Nucleotide sequence of bacteriophage phi X174 DNA. Nature 265 5596 687 95. ref Virology The MS2 genome is one of the smallest known, 3569 nucleotides long. ref name Fiers It encodes just four genes the maturation protein A protein , the lysis protein, and the replicase protein. ref name van Duin However, the expression of these proteins is regulated by complex interplay between Translation biology translation ... more details
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