Infobox Military Unit unit name Indian LongRange Squadron image caption dates 1941&ndash 1945 country allegiance British India branch British Indian Army type role Reconnaissance br Raiding size command structure LongRange Desert Group garrison garrison label nickname motto colors colors label march mascot equipment equipment label battles Second World War anniversaries decorations battle honours disbanded Commanders commander1 commander1 label commander2 commander2 label commander3 commander3 label notable commanders Insignia identification symbol identification symbol label The Indian LongRange Squadron or ILRS was a unit of the British Indian Army during the Second World War . It was formed by asking for volunteers from the, 2nd Lancers Gardner s Horse 2nd Lancers , 11th Prince Albert Victor s Own Cavalry Frontier Force 11th Cavalry and the 18th King Edward s Own Cavalry 18th Cavalry all part of the 3rd Indian Motor Brigade . ref name mo23 Milinari, p.23 ref It was originally formed to patrol the borders between the Soviet Union and Persia and Afghanistan . The ILRS was trained by and performed some missions with the LongRange Desert Group LRDG but was not a part of the LRDG. Formation The ILRS was formed on 25 December 1941, and comprised four patrols J Jat , P Punjabi people Punjabi , M Muslim and S Sikh S . In December 1941, J and R patrols were attached to the LRDG, their designations were changed to I1 and I2 to avoid confusion with the New Zealand R Patrol. In October 1942 the other two Indian patrols M and S were also attached to the LRDG and which became the I3 and I4 patrols. ref name mo23 The commander of the ILRS was Major Samuel Vallis Mcoy MBE , ref London Gazette , 18 October 1943 ref the patrol commanders were J Patrol Lieutenant James Edward Cantlay ref cite web accessdate 25 May 2010 publisher Indian Army Officers, 1939&ndash 1945 title C url http www.unithistories.com officers IndianArmy officers C01.html ref P Patrol Captain land Captain Travers ... more details
LongRange Aviation lang ru , Dalnaya Aviatsiya , or lang ru , DA was the branch of the Soviet Air Forces tasked with longrange bombardment of strategic targets with nuclear weapons. During the Cold War , it was the counterpart to the Strategic Air Command of the United States Air Force . History LongRange Aviation in World War II Image SovietBomber.jpg 200px thumb Comparison of Soviet Strategic Aviation aircraft towards the end of the Cold War The first three Air Armies, designated Air Army Air Armies of Special Purpose were created between 1936 and 1938. ref 2nd Army was created on the 15 March 1937 in the Far East, and somewhat later the 3rd Air Army was created in the North Caucasus Military District ref On 5 November 1940 these were reformed as the LongRange Bombardment Aviation of the High Command of the Red Army until February 1942 due to lack of combat performance ... a part of the LongRange Aviation divisions of the reserve of High Command, but were reformed as the 18th ... Air Army was the 62nd LongRange Aviation Division, heraldic predecessor to the 37th Air Army s 22nd Donbass Heavy Bomber Aviation Division. Strategic bombers were regrouped within the LongRange Aviation of the Armed Forces DA VS in April 1946. ref Air Power Analysis Russian Federation, International ... than the American B 1 Lancer . The three longrange air armies also flew the Tu 22M. On 1 January ... Independent LongRange Reconnaissance Regiment Nezhin , 26 Tu 22R 290th Independent LongRange Reconnaissance ... air armies were again reunified to form the LongRange Aviation Command. Strategy In the event ... payloads. LongRange Aviation s aircraft was based at about a dozen key bases around the Soviet ... of extending the range of the flight, including longrange military aircraft military their Staging ... Union, LongRange Aviation entered a period of decline, along with the other former components ... that 530 intermediate range bombers west of the Urals , possibly augmented by Soviet Navy aircraft ... more details
Refimprove date June 2010 Cleanup date September 2008 Longrange Wi Fi is used for low cost, unregulated ... has become markedly less expensive and achieved higher bit rate s. Longrange Wi Fi especially in the 2.4 GHz band as the shorter range higher bit rate 5.8 GHz bands become popular alternatives ... less range GSM or CDMA cell phones can connect reliably at 10 mile distances cn date December 2011 few service providers commercially support long distance Wi Fi connections Despite a lack of commercial service providers, applications for longrange Wi Fi have cropped up around the world. It has ... geography with few or no other connectivity options. Some benefits of using longrange Wi Fi for these applications ... widespread installations, such as forest services, also make extensive use of longrange Wi Fi to augment ... sensor network A longrange seismic sensor network was used during the Andean Seismic Project in Peru ... channels In most standard Wi Fi routers, the three standards, a, b and g, are enough. But in longrange ... was said to only occur over short distances rather than the longrange needed for most point to point ... worse, since the increased overhead will increase congestion. Obstacles to longrange Wi ... up a longrange Wi Fi. Trees and forests attenuate the microwave signal, and hills make it difficult ... that aggregate into a formidable obstacle to enabling longrange use in occupied areas ..., with as many as 2 or 3 devices per household. By its very nature, longrange connotes an antenna ... floor, whereby no single signal is usable, but nonetheless are still received. The aim of a longrange ... networks or satellite Internet access . Wi Fi networks have a range that s limited by the transmission ... 802.11 802.11b 802.11b or IEEE 802.11 802.11g 802.11g and a stock antenna might have a range of convert ... in urban areas, some rural areas use more powerful longer range transceivers as alternatives ... Wi Fi setup to create long distance point to point links for several of its projects in the developing ... more details
was also provided. There were other features dedicated to the longrange function there were two parallel ... Despite this setback, the Air Ministry ordered a second Longrange Monoplane K1991 in July 1930, this flying ... Leader O Gayford officer in charge of the RAF LongRange Development Unit and his navigator ... Notes reflist Bibliography refbegin Cooksley, Peter. LongRange Fairey . Air Enthusiast , Fifty ... LongRange Monoplanes http www.youtube.com watch?v qGepvIdbad8&feature user The Fairey LongRange ... aircraft Longrange Monoplane Category Propeller aircraft Category High wing aircraft Category ... into methods of increasing the range of aircraft. In order to soothe the anxieties of the HM Treasury ... Bay , South West Africa . This was a Flight distance record world long distance record of 5,410 ... gayford.htm S L Gayford ref Gayford and the LRDU would later make Flight distance record long distance flights with the Vickers Wellesley . Operators UK Royal Air Force Specifications Fairey Longrange Monoplane II aircraft specifications if you do not understand how to use this template, please ... knots, 177 km h never exceed speed main never exceed speed alt stall speed main stall speed alt range main range alt ceiling main ceiling alt climb rate main climb rate alt loading main 20.7 lb ft loading ... more details
Unreferenced date August 2007 In the United States Army , a LongRange Surveillance Company LRS C is a Company military unit company with a special reconnaissance role in an military intelligence intelligence brigade. Organization Consisting of a headquarters platoon, communications platoon, and three LRS platoons each made up of a Headquarter section and six surveillance teams. All non commissioned officer s are United States Army Airborne School airborne and Ranger School Ranger qualified. All other personnel in the company are Pre Ranger and airborne qualified. All Company Personnel undergo a week long assessment and selection in addition to psychological evaluation . There are two types of selection, LRS selection and LRS Support personnel selection. The LRS Company is broken down into platoons. There is a Headquarters platoon, Communications platoon and three Infantry LRS platoons. Although all LRS team members can infiltrate via Land, Sea or Air each platoon specializes in one method of infiltration. Each platoon is broken down into one of three infiltration specialties Water, HALO jump High Altitude Low Opening HALO and Desert Mountain. A. Headquarters Platoon. The headquarters platoon contains two sections for the command and control of the company in the areas of administration, logistics, and operations. 1 Headquarters section. This section contains the personnel necessary for the command and control of the company and supply support. 2 Operations section. The personnel in this section plan and control the employment of the teams, coordinate insertion and extraction of the teams to include external support, receive and report information from committed teams, and maintain ... communication support to detached LRS platoons. They augment division LongRange Surveillance ... sure all message traffic to and from teams is processed immediately. C. LongRange Surveillance ... of the platoon. 2 Surveillance teams. LongRange Surveillance LRS Team Each team consists of a team ... more details
resources which can be devoted to longrange planning. It can be a time consuming process absorbing .... The position may be different in the case of longrange planning, since it may look decades ... review. DEFAULTSORT LongRange Planning Category Planning .... With very few exceptions, both long term and short term planning are needed for successful corporate ... in the environment rather than trends, will largely determine the long term future of the organization ... corporations have grown shorter, some industries still require long term decision making by the nature ... more details
cleanup date January 2009 A longrange locator is a device purported to be a type of metal detector used to detect deposits of gold or similar precious materials most are said to operate on a principle of resonance with the material being detected. Theory of operation Many treasure hunters swear by the devices however, skeptics have examined the internals of many such devices and found those that have been examined to be incapable of operating as advertised, and have dismissed them as overpriced dowsing rods or similarly useless. Virtually all such devices claim to operate on a resonance resonant frequency principle where the device is said to emit an electromagnetic signal, either through an antenna or a probe, that will respond to a specific substance such as gold, silver, or sometimes even paper money, and that the device will indicate the presence of such material by indicating a change in direction relative to the operator. This theory of operation is not supported by scientific theory the devices have not been shown to work in blind testing, and the resonance principle invoked has not been shown to work in laboratories and is not consistently employed by LRL manufacturers . In addition, the Inverse square law Inverse Square Law limits the effective possible signal strength of any putative LRL moreover, not only does this attenuation apply to the supposed emissions from the LRL devices, but the return signals from the sought after targets are further attenuated by the same constraints. Since most of these LRL devices are powered by low voltage, low current AA, AAA or 9v cells, the resultant power available for emissions is quite minuscule at best, and the return signal would suffer even greater attenuation. Examples exist of LRL devices having no internal power source at all, and these are advertised as being self powered or powered by ambient static electricity these are indistinguishable ... dkl.html DKL Lifeguard , a longrange locator purported to be useful for detecting people, in critical ... more details
weapons Category Non lethal weapons Category Audio amplifiers de LongRange Acoustic Device es Dispositivo Ac stico de Largo Alcance fr Canon son it LongRange Acoustic Device nl Longrange acoustic ... more details
Infobox protected area name Pryor Mountains Wild Horse Range iucn category IV photo photo caption map ... Bureau of Land Management world heritage site The Pryor Mountains Wild Horse Range is a wildlife ... in the Pryor Mountains of Montana and Wyoming in the United States. The range has an area of convert ... st en fo billings field office wildhorses.html Pryor Mountains Wild Horse Range. Billings Field Office ... of the Pryor Mountains. The Missoulian. August 15, 1999. Accessed 2011 06 07. ref Establishing the range File Map of Pryor Mountains Wild Horse Range 2009.jpg thumb left Bureau of Land Management map of the Pryor Mountains Wild Horse Range, showing BLM, Crow Nation, Forest Service, National Park ... land. ref name Cruise188 Cruise and Griffiths, p. 188. ref On the Pryor Mountainsrange, where ..., p. 96. Accessed 2011 06 07. ref Changing legal status of the range Establishment of the Pryor Mountains ... a pilot project on the Pryor Mountains Wild Horse Range known as the Adopt A Horse initiative. ref ... Pryor Mountain Wild Horse Range Montana.jpg thumb left A mare attends to her foal on the Pryor Mountains ... 07. ref Most of the Pryor Mountains Wild Horse Range was designated a wilderness study area in 1981 ... About the range Geographic and ecological description The Pryor Mountains are a convert 145000 ... The Pryor Mountains Wild Horse Range is east of and adjacent to Bighorn Canyon National Recreation ... of a band, or harem, of mares on the Pryor Mountains Wild Horse Range. A single stallion can control ... water to wildlife on the Pryor Mountains Wild Horse Refuge. In May 2009, after several long ... ref name RoundupBegin BLM began its roundup of feral horses on the Pryor Mountainsrange in early September ... lat d 45 lat m 03 lat s 12 lat NS N long d 108 long m 19 long s 21 long EW W region US coords ref area ... feral horse refuge in the United States. ref Flores, p. 121. The Nevada Wild Horse Range was established in 1962. However, the land which forms the range was already part of the weapons testing range ... more details
The LongRange Land Attack Projectile LRLAP is a developmental program to produce a precision guided 155 mm naval artillery shell for the U.S. Navy . The system is under development by Lockheed Martin Missiles and Fire Control , the prime contractor being BAE Systems . Specifications Caliber 155 mm. Weight Total 225 lb 102 kg . Bursting charge 24 lb 11 kg . Length propellant and projectile 88 in 223 cm . Guidance GPS Inertial guidance system INS . Accuracy Circular error probable of 50 m or less. Range convert 100 nmi km 1 max. Warhead Unitary high explosive . ref name BAE http www.baesystems.com ProductsServices l and a sea lrap.html LongRange Land Attack Projectile LRLAP BAE Systems ref Program status June 2005 Successful guided flight test of the LRLAP sets gun launched guided projectile range World record record of convert 59 nmi km 0 . ref http www.spacewar.com news miltech 05l.html DD X Team Flies LongRange Land Attack Projectile to Record Range Space War ref September 2010 Successful unguided flight test. ref http www.globalsecurity.org military library news 2010 09 mil 100916 bae systems01.htm BAE Systems Completes Successful Rocket Ballistic Test of 5 Inch LongRange Land Attack Projectile ref August 2011 Two live fire tests of 45 nautical miles range. ref http www4.marinelink.com news conducts testing round340586.aspx Navy Conducts DDG 1000 Round Testing. Naval Sea Systems Command Office of Corporate Communication , 23 September 2011. ref References reflist See also Advanced Gun System Zumwalt class destroyer Extended Range Guided Munition Ballistic Trajectory Extended Range Munition External links http www.lockheedmartin.com products LongRangeLandAttackProjectile index.html Advanced Gun System LongRange Land Attack Projectile Lockheed Martin http www.globalsecurity.org military systems munitions lrlap.htm LongRange Land Attack Projectile Global Security http www.ddxnationalteam.com gallery LRLAP LRLAP Gallery DD X National Team Category Artillery shells ... more details
Image Convention on LongRange Transboundary Air Pollution.png thumb 400px Map showing Convention on LongRange Transboundary Air Pollution signatories green and ratifications dark green as of July 2007 The Convention on LongRange Transboundary Air Pollution , often abbreviated as Air Pollution or CLRTAP , is intended to protect the human environment against air pollution and to gradually reduce and prevent air pollution, including longrange transboundary air pollution. Overview The convention opened for signature on 1979 11 13 and entered into force on 1983 03 16. The current parties to the Convention are shown on the map. The Convention, which now has 51 Parties, identifies the Executive Secretary of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe UNECE as its secretariat. Since 1979 the Convention on Longrange Transboundary Air Pollution has addressed some of the major environmental problems of the UNECE region through scientific collaboration and policy negotiation. The Convention has been extended by eight protocols that identify specific measures to be taken by Parties to cut their emissions of air pollutants. The aim of the Convention is that Parties shall endeavour to limit and, as far as possible, gradually reduce and prevent air pollution including longrange transboundary air pollution. Parties develop policies and strategies to combat the discharge of air pollutants through exchanges of information, consultation, research and monitoring. The Parties meet annually at sessions of the Executive Body to review ongoing work and plan future activities including a workplan for the coming year. The three main subsidiary bodies the Working Group on Effects, the Steering Body to EMEP and the Working Group on Strategies and Review as well as the Convention s Implementation ... Factbook , As of 2003 lc on edition External links http www.unece.org env lrtap Convention on LongRange Transboundary Air Pollution Pollution DEFAULTSORT Convention On LongRange Transboundary Air ... more details
Infobox Weapon is missile yes name LongRange Anti Ship Missile image caption origin flag United States type Longrange anti ship used by manufacturer unit cost propellant production date service Planned to enter service in 2014 engine weight length height diameter wingspan speed vehicle range ceiling altitude filling guidance detonation launch platform Mark 41 Vertical Launch System VLS The LongRange Anti Ship Missile LRASM is an anti ship missile being developed by DARPA for the US Navy . ref cite web url http www.darpa.mil Our Work TTO Programs LRASM LongRange Anti Ship Missile.aspx accessdate 2011 04 27 title DARPA Tactical Technology Office TTO date 2010 05 21 ref Unlike current anti ship missiles the LRASM will be capable of conducting autonomous targeting, relying on on board targeting systems to independently acquire the target without the presence of prior, precision intelligence, or supporting services like Global Positioning Satellite navigation and data links. These capabilities will enable positive target identification, precision engagement of moving ships and establishing of initial target cueing in extremely hostile environment. The missile will be designed with advanced counter countermeasures,to effectively evade hostile active defense systems. ref cite web url http defense update.com features 2010 november 18112010 lrasm.html accessdate 2010 11 18 title Next Generation Missiles LRASM date 2010 11 18 ref LRASM is designed to be compatible with the Mark 41 Vertical Launch System Mk 41 Vertical Launch System used on many US Navy ships. ref cite web url http www.deagel.com Anti Ship Missiles LRASM a002407001.aspx accessdate 2010 11 14 title LRASM LongRange Anti Ship Missile ref Lockheed Martin has been awarded initial development contracts. ref cite web url http www.aviationweek.com aw generic story generic.jsp?channel defense&id news LRASM070209 2.xml ... de LongRange Anti Ship Missile ... more details
Infobox Airport name Oliktok LongRange Radar Site nativename nativename a nativename r File 11th Air Force.png 60px File 611th Air Support Group.png 60px image image width caption IATA ICAO POLI type Military owner operator city served location elevation f elevation m coordinates Coord 70 29 54 N 149 53 22 W display inline name Oliktok LRRS A 19 website metric elev metric rwy r1 number 04 24 r1 length f 4,020 r1 length m 1,219 r1 surface Gravel stat year stat1 header stat1 data stat2 header stat2 data footnotes Location map Alaska label Oliktok LRRS marksize 6 mark Red pog.svg lat dir N lat deg 70 lat min 29 lat sec 54 lon dir W lon deg 149 lon min 53 lon sec 22 position left width 225 float right caption Location of Oliktok LongRange Radar Site, Alaska Oliktok LongRange Radar Site airport codes POLI XWS LRR Site A 19 is a United States Air Force radar site and military airstrip located convert 164 mi km east southeast of Point Barrow, Alaska . It is not open for public use. History The site built in 1957 to support the Distant Early Warning Line radar station at Point Barrow POW MAIN , which logistically supported it. It was operated by civilian contract workers. DEW Line operations ceased in April 1995, and the personnel were relieved from their duties. The radar station was upgraded with new radars and in 1990 was re designated part of the North Warning System NWS as a LongRange Radar Site, A 19, equipped with a minimally attended AN FPS 117 longrange surveillance radar. In 1998 Pacific Air Forces initiated Operation Clean Sweep , in which abandoned Cold War stations in Alaska were remediated and the land restored to its previous state. The site remediation of the radar and support station was carried out by the 611th Civil Engineering Squadron at Elmendorf AFB , and remediation work was completed by 2005. The site remains active and is accessed by civilian ...?site 22Oliktok, AK 22&key OliktokAK&pic OliktokAK&www OliktokAK Oliktok LongRange Radar Site Category ... more details
Swordfish is an Indian Longrange tracking radar specifically developed to missile defense counter ballistic missile threat . It will be a part of India s ballistic missile program. First testing of this radar was in March 2009. Main aim of the test was to validate the capabilities of the indigenously developed Swordfish LongRange Tracking Radar LRTR . The missile to be hit will be fired from a longer distance than it was in the earlier test. DRDO tested whether the radar could track the incoming missile from that distance or not said a member of the project. Swordfish is an acknowledged derivative of the Israeli Arrow missile Green Pine Green Pine longrange radar, which is the critical component of that country s Arrow missile defence system. ref name domain b1 cite web url http www.domain b.com aero mil avi miss muni 20090306 successful missile.html title Swordfish radar with successful missile defence test publisher Domain b.com date 2009 03 06 accessdate 2011 01 24 ref However, it differs from the Israeli system as it employs Indian Transmit Receive modules, signal processing, computers and power supplies. It is also more powerful than the base Green Pine system and was developed to meet India s specific BMD needs. Capabilities Target acquisition and fire control radar for the BMD system. Can Guide Exo atmospheric interceptor missile PAD to hit its target in space at an altitude over 80 km from earth. The Swordfish LRTR currently has a range of convert 600 km abbr on convert 800 km abbr on km range and can spot objects as small as a cricket ball 2 inches in diameter , which the DRDO plans to upgrade to 1,500 km by 2011. ref cite web url http www.domain b.com aero mil avi miss muni 20090310 drdo.html title Phase One of Indian BMD programme on track for completion by 2011 publisher Domain b.com date accessdate 2011 01 24 ref ref name et cite news url http ... longrange capabilities of its indigenously developed Swordfish radar. ref name domain b1 References ... more details
no footnotes date February 2012 Infobox military unit unit name 407 LongRange Patrol Squadron image caption dates 1941 1945 br 1952 present country flag Canada allegiance branch Air Force type role LongRange Patrol size command structure garrison CFB Comox garrison label nickname Demon Squadron patron motto To Hold On High colors colors label march mascot equipment equipment label battles anniversaries decorations battle honours Atlantic 1941 43 br English Channel & North Sea 1941 45 br Fortress Europe 1942 br German Ports 1942 br Normandy 1944 br Biscay 1942 45 disbanded Commanders commander1 commander1 label commander2 commander2 label commander3 commander3 label notable commanders Insignia identification symbol identification symbol label identification symbol 2 identification symbol 2 label identification symbol 3 identification symbol 3 label identification symbol 4 identification symbol 4 label Aircraft aircraft attack aircraft bomber Bristol Blenheim br Lockheed Hudson br Vickers Wellington br Avro Lancaster aircraft electronic aircraft fighter aircraft helicopter aircraft interceptor aircraft patrol P2V Neptune CP 127 Neptune br CP 107 Argus br CP 140 Aurora aircraft recon aircraft trainer aircraft transport 407 LongRange Patrol Squadron abbreviated 407 LRP Sqn , formerly 407 Maritime Patrol Sqn is a longrange & maritime patrol squadron of the Canadian Forces . It is located at 19 Wing Comox , on Vancouver Island , British Columbia operating the CP 140 Aurora . History Image with unknown copyright status removed Image CP 140 Aurora.jpg thumb 200px left CP 140 Aurora No. 407 Coastal Strike Squadron aviation Squadron was formed at Thorney Island, England on the 8 May 1941, first training on the Bristol Blenheim . It was one of seven Article XV squadrons Article ... submarine and longrange patrol duties. Squadron commanders Lieutenant Colonel Fred Bigelow 2002 2004 ... http www.airforce.forces.gc.ca 19w 19e sqns escs page eng.asp?id 522 407 LongRange Patrol Squadron ... more details
. The implementation will be tested at several test locations across Europe with a wide range of ITS ... V hicules Infrastructure References reflist DEFAULTSORT Communications, Air Interface, Long And Medium Range Category Intelligent transportation systems ... more details
Infobox Airport name Point Barrow LongRange Radar Site nativename nativename a nativename r File 11th Air Force.png 60px File 611th Air Support Group.png 60px image Point Barrow LongRange Radar Site.jpg image width 300 caption Point Barrow LongRange Radar Site IATA ICAO type Military owner operator city served location elevation f elevation m coordinates Coord 71 19 38 N 156 38 10 W display inline name Point Barrow LRRS A 17 website metric elev metric rwy r1 number 04 24 r1 length f 4,860 r1 length m 1,472 r1 surface Gravel stat year stat1 header stat1 data stat2 header stat2 data footnotes Location map Alaska label Point Barrow LRRS marksize 6 mark Red pog.svg lat dir N lat deg 71 lat min 19 lat sec 38 lon dir W lon deg 156 lon min 38 lon sec 10 position left width 225 float right caption Location of Point Barrow Range Radar Site, Alaska File Barrow DEW Emblem.png thumb 225px Point Barrow DEW Line patch kml Point Barrow LongRange Radar Site LRR Site A 17 is a United States Air Force radar site and military airstrip located convert 5 mi km northeast of Point Barrow, Alaska . It is not open for public use. History Being the northernmost point in Alaska, the United States military has maintained a presence at Barrow since World War II when the United States Army established a crude radar site at Point Barrow, although the chance of any Japanese attack to the area was remote ... PointBarrowAK Point Barrow LongRange Radar Site External links Category Radar stations of the United ... antenna with a range of about 160 nautical miles. The sites had one 25 man module building for personnel ... System NWS with AN FPS 117 LRR POW 1 Point Lonely Short Range Radar Site Port Lonely SRRS Coord ... ended 1990 Became part of the North Warning System NWS with AN FPS 124 SRR POW 2 Oliktok LongRange Radar Site Olikotk Point LRRS Coord 70 29 54 N 149 53 22 W display inline name Olikotk Point ... NWS with AN FPS 117 LRR POW 3 Flaxman Island BR Bullen Point Short Range Radar Site Bullen Point ... more details
ref improve date March 2012 The longrange identification and tracking LRIT of ships was established as an international system on 19 May 2006 by the International Maritime Organization IMO as resolution MSC.202 81 . This resolution amends chapter V of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea SOLAS , regulation 19 1 and binds all governments which have contracted to the IMO. The LRIT regulation will apply to the following ship types engaged on international voyages All passenger ships including high speed craft, Cargo ships, including high speed craft of 300 gross tonnage and above, and Mobile offshore drilling units. These ships must report their position to their flag administration at least four times a day. Most vessels set their existing satellite communications systems to automatically make these reports. Other contracting governments may request information about vessels in which they have a legitimate interest under the regulation. The LRIT system consists of the already installed generally shipborne satellite communications equipment, communications service providers CSPs , application service providers ASPs , LRIT data centres, the LRIT data distribution plan and the International LRIT data exchange. Certain aspects of the performance of the LRIT system ... active longrange tracking. AMTS maintains and operates the Panama National Data Center NDC which ... to implement a National Data Centre and comply with the LRIT regulation. LongRange Identification ... with that from sensors and enables the Coast Guard to correlate LongRange Identification and Tracking ... LongRange Identification And Tracking Category Navigational equipment Category Maritime communication Category Technology systems Category Water transport de Longrange identification and tracking ... radio band, with a range only slightly greater than line of sight. See AIS While AIS was originally designed for short range operation as a collision avoidance and navigational aid, it has now been shown ... more details
Image LEAPLogo.png 250px right LEAP the Longrange Energy Alternatives Planning system, is a proprietary, Windows based software system for energy and environmental policy analysis. It is widely used for integrated energy planning and climate change mitigation analysis and has been applied in hundreds of different organizations in over 140 countries. LEAP is developed and supported by the Stockholm Environment Institute US Center U.S. Center of the Stockholm Environment Institute , a non profit research institute based at Tufts University in Somerville, Massachusetts. Most recently LEAP has been chosen by 85 countries as the main modeling tool for the climate change mitigation assessments that will be presented to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change UNFCCC LEAP is distributed at no charge to not for profit, academic and governmental organizations based in developing countries. See also Carbon accounting Energy planning Energy planning software LEAP Other definitions of the acronym LEAP External links http www.energycommunity.org LEAP Web Site http www.energycommunity.org default.asp?action 41 LEAP User Guide http www.energycommunity.org default.asp?action 42 LEAP Training Exercises http www.sei us.org Stockholm Environment Institute U.S. Center http www.sei.se Stockholm Environment Institute web site http www.unfccc.int UNFCCC http www.tufts.edu Tufts University Category Energy development Category Energy policy Category Environmental economics Category Environmental science software ... more details
good article Infobox Military Unit unit name No. 1 LongRange Flight RAAF image Image 1 LRF AWM P00529 005 .jpg 300px A No. 1 LongRange Flight Canberra at Ratmalana Airport in Ceylon during the London to Christchurch air race caption A No. 1 LongRange Flight Canberra at Ratmalana Airport in Ceylon during the London to Christchurch air race dates February November 1953 country Australia allegiance branch Image Ensign of the Royal Australian Air Force.svg 22px alt link Royal Australian Air Force type role size command structure garrison garrison label nickname patron motto mascot anniversaries decorations Commanders notable commanders Peter Raw br Derek Cuming Insignia identification symbol identification symbol label Aircraft aircraft bomber English Electric Canberra Canberra No. 1 LongRange Flight was a temporary Royal Australian Air Force unit formed to participate in the 1953 London to Christchurch air race 1953 London to Christchurch air race also known as the Christchurch Centenary ... configuration, and the flight was disbanded in November. History Training No. 1 LongRange ... May 2011 ref In announcing his appointment to command No. 1 LongRange Flight, Minister for Air ... to No. 1 LongRange Flight shortly after being completed. The second Australian ... 1 LongRange Flight undertook intensive training in the lead up to the race. This involved making regular longrange return flights between Laverton and Sri Lanka Ceylon , Singapore and Christchurch ... Library of Australia ref An aeronautical engineer was attached to No. 1 LongRange Flight from ... 1953, and arrived at RAF Lyneham on the 16th of the month. Detachments of No. 1 LongRange Flight ... longrange patrol aircraft at Cocos Island, Perth, Western Australia Perth and RAAF Base East Sale ... Deport on 2 November to be returned to standard configuration, and No. LongRange Flight ... of Australia ref After No. 1 LongRange Flight was disbanded, Wing Commander Cuming returned to the ARDU ... more details
For the American black ops special forces unit in the Vietnam War LongRange Reconnaissance Patrol Infobox military unit unit name LongRange Reconnaissance Patrol br Deep Penetration Unit country Sri Lanka allegiance Sri Lanka Army dates Classified &ndash Present type Special Forces Black op role Reconnaissance and sabotage in deep battlespace, mainly targeting of enemy commanders. size Classified Budget Classified command structure Operates under the Directorate of Military Intelligence of the Army nickname Mahasohon Brigade battles Sri Lankan Civil War Other classified Commanders notable commanders Tuan Nizam Muthaliff Sri Lankan Conflict The LongRange Reconnaissance Patrol LRRP is a covert operation black op unit of the Sri Lanka Army . This unit is also known as the Deep Penetration Unit DPU of the Sri Lanka Army ref name bottomline and also as the Mahasohon Brigade ref name sf Maha Sohona Mahasohona is a demon in Sinhalese folklore hence literally meaning Demon Brigade . LRRP units specialize in carrying out reconnaissance and sabotage operations in Longrange penetration deep battlespace . In the recent Sri Lankan Civil War , LRRP units have been successful in assassinating several high level commanders of the LTTE in LTTE held territory. ref name bottomline The unit has also been accused of launching attacks on and killing civilians Citation needed date October 2011 . The LRRP suffered a setback when a safehouse was raided by the Sri Lanka Police police and arrested several personnel along with weapons. Before the misunderstanding was later cleared out and the arrested personnel released, the names of the personnel involved in the unit were released to the public media, resulting in the assassination of several personnel. The LRRP was later reformed and has resumed ... tamileelam armedstruggle 030417lrrp.htm title Sri Lanka s LongRange Reconnaissance Patrol ... 23 April 2008 publisher The Bottom Line accessdate 8 January 2009 ref See also LongRange Reconnaissance ... more details
Image CLIMAP.jpg 300px thumb right CLIMAP map of ice sheets, sea temperature changes, and changes in the outline of coastal regions during the last glacial. Climate Long range Investigation, Mapping, and Prediction , known as CLIMAP , was a major research project of the 1970s and 80s to produce a map of climate conditions during the last glacial maximum . The project was funded by the National Science Foundation as part of the International Decade of Ocean Exploration 1970s and is based in large part of the collection and analysis of a very large number of sediment cores to create a snapshot of conditions across the ocean s. The CLIMAP project also resulted in maps of vegetative zones across the continents and the estimated extent of glaciation at the time. Most CLIMAP results aim to describe the Earth as it was 18 thousand years ago, but there was also an analysis to look at conditions during the previous interglacial 120 thousand years ago CLIMAP 1981 . CLIMAP has been a cornerstone of paleoclimate research and remains the most used sea surface temperature reconstruction of the global ocean during the last glacial maximum Yin and Battisti 2001 , but it has also been persistently controversial. CLIMAP resulted in estimates of global cooling of only 3.0 0.6 C relative to the modern day Hoffert and Covey 1992 . The climate change during an ice age that occurs far from the continental ice sheet s themselves is believed to be primarily controlled by changes in greenhouse gas es, hence the conditions during the last glacial maximum provide a natural experiment for measuring the impact of changes in greenhouse gases on climate. The cited estimates of 3.0 C implies a climate sensitivity to carbon dioxide changes at the low end of the range proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change http www.grida.no climate ipcc tar wg1 325.htm . However, CLIMAP also suggested that some of the tropics and in particular much of the Pacific Ocean were warmer than they are tod ... more details
Cleanup date March 2008 University of California, Santa Cruz s LongRange Development Plan LRDP for short is a plan to accommodate up to 19,500 students if it becomes necessary by 2020. http lrdp.ucsc.edu index.shtml . UCSC administrators and the UC Regents have stated that they are approaching the LRDP in a sustainable manner. The LRDP also contains an Environmental Impact Report EIR , which addresses some potential impacts to the surrounding environment in water supply, ecology, traffic, housing and more. The EIR is required by the California Environmental Quality Act. Reasons for growth California s population of University of California eligible high school graduates is continuing to grow. UCSC, along with the other University of California UC campuses, is expected to meet the growing demand to get into a UC. This also includes the expected transfer students from the state s community college s. The expansion of the campus has been deemed necessary by the UC Regents to satisfy the demand from qualified high school graduates in California. The faculty led Strategic Futures Community SFC stated that having 25,000 students would be needed in order to have every program rank in the top 25 of public research universities. The enrollment top was reduced to 21,000 in light of community concerns. Chancellor George Blumenthal further reduced the potential maximum enrollment to 19,500. However, members of the SFC, the Academic Senate and the Santa Cruz Faculty Association SCFA were highly critical of the logic of the SFC, the LRDP and the EIR, as well as the conclusions reached in those contexts. Among others, John Isbister of Economics and Robert Meister of Politics have expressed those concerns in writing http www.aaup ca.org scfaindex.html Water supply impact The city of Santa .... The book is available at UCSC s Bay Tree Bookstore References Cleanup date October 2009 2005 LongRange Development Plan. UC Santa Cruz. 2005. UC Santa Cruz. 10 Mar. 2006 http lrdp.ucsc.edu draft lrdp.shtml ... more details
The Erna longrange reconnaissance group lang et Erna luuregrupp was a Finnish Army formation, of Estonian volunteers, that fulfilled reconnaissance duties in Estonia behind the Red Army lines during World War II . The unit was formed by Finnish military intelligence with the assistance of German military intelligence for reconnaissance operations. ref name okupatsioon http www.okupatsioon.ee english overviews ylev ylev RESISTAN.html Estonian Citizens in the German Armed Forces. Volunteers, Conscripts and Commandeered Troops ref Image Erna memorial plaque.jpg thumb Reconnaissance group Erna memorial plaque in Espoo , Finland Formation of the Erna platoon After the Soviet occupation of Estonia in 1940 hundreds of Estonian men fled to Finland rather than accept Soviet rule. The Estonian military attach in Finland, Major Aksel Kristian, in the spring of 1941 had compiled a list of Estonians in Finland who wanted to liberate their homeland. Finnish intelligence subsequently recruited 15 volunteers and began training them on the island of Staffani in the region of Espoo . On 22 June 1941 Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union . ref name erna Finland s entering the war on the German side was only a matter of days, and all Estonians, living in Finland were being assembled in Helsinki in order to establish a voluntary unit for going to Estonia. ref name erna The platoon commander was colonel Henn Ants Kurg ref name erna of the Estonian Army, who had been the last Estonian Military Attach to France. Germans gave the group its name Erna , ref name erna and two German liaison officers oberleutnant Reinhardt and Sonderf hrer Schwarze had also joined the group. ref name erna Erna was armed by and wearing the uniform of the Finnish army. ref C. Jurando, N Thomas PhD Germany s Eastern Front Allies 2 Baltic Force , page 5. Osprey Publishing, 2002, ISBN 1 84176 193 1 ref The two Germans ... references DEFAULTSORT Erna LongRange Reconnaissance Group Category Military units and formations of Finland ... more details
style float right wiktionary TOC right Range may refer to Mathematics, science, and technology In mathematics Range mathematics , the set of all output values produced by a function Interval mathematics , also called a range , a set of real numbers that includes all numbers between any two numbers in the set Range statistics , the difference between the highest and the lowest values in a set Projective range , a line or a conic in projective geometry In science Mountain range , a group of mountains bordered by lowlands Range particle radiation , the distance a charged particle travels before stopping Range biology , the geographical area where a species can be found Range music , the set of notes a musical instrument can play, or that are used in a piece of music Vocal range , the breadth of pitch that a human voice can produce In technology Range computer science , the set of allowed values for a variable Range aircraft , the distance an aircraft can fly Range of a projectile , the potential distance a projectile can be hurled by a firearm or cannon Slant range , distance between two objects on different levels Places United States Range, Ohio , an unincorporated community Range, Wisconsin , an unincorporated community Other uses Shooting range , a controlled environment where weapons are fired at targets Rangeland , in ranching Driving range , an area where golfers can practice their swing Rosslyn Range , an American long jumper Kitchen stove , or range, an appliance used for cooking food Range, a pair of navigational beacons whose line indicates a channel. If lighted they are called Leading lights in Britain or range lights in the USA A term used to identify a survey township See also The Range disambiguation Rangefinder disambig de Reichweite ja pl Zasi g fi Kantama sv R ckvidd ... more details
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