Unreferenced date December 2009 In linguistics , a marker is a free or bound morpheme that indicates the grammatical function of the marked word, phrase, or sentence. In analytic language s and agglutinative language s, markers are generally easily distinguished. In fusional language s and polysynthetic language s, this is often not the case. For example in Latin a highly fusional language the word amo I love is marked by suffix o for indicative mood, active voice, first person, singular, present tense. Analytic languages tend to have a relatively limited number of markers. Markers should be distinguished from the linguistic concept of markedness . An unmarked form is the basic neutral form of a word, typically used as its dictionary Lemma morphology lemma , such as in English for nouns the singular e.g. cat versus cats , and for verbs the infinitive e.g. to eat versus eats , ate and eaten . Unmarked forms e.g. the nominative case in many languages tend to be less likely to have markers, but this is not true for all languages compare Latin . Conversely, a marked form may happen to have a Zero linguistics zero affix , like the genitive case genitive plural of some nouns in Russian language Russian . In some languages, the same forms of a marker have more than one function, such as when ... number plural marker . Latin the suffix is in flaminis is a case marker, specifically a genitive case genitive marker . Spanish language Spanish the word hay in hay muchos libros en la biblioteca is an Copula linguistics existential marker . Japanese language Japanese the Japanese particle ... marker . Either or ? may mark the end of a Japanese question. Korean language Korean the Korean particle eun , neun is a topic prominent language topic marker , also known as a contrast particle. See ... marking language DEFAULTSORT Marker Linguistics Category Linguistic morphology ar br Merk yezhoniezh de Marker Linguistik fr Marque grammaire nl Grammaticale markeerder ja fi Tunnus morfologia ... more details
Infobox AFL player NEW name Peter Marker fullname Peter Marker caption image birth date birth place originalteam Rostrevor College position Half forward Centre death date death place guernsey years 1967 78 clubs Glenelg Football Club Glenelg games goals 239 168 statsend 1978 careerhighlights BR Peter Marker born in Adelaide , South Australia is a former Australian rules football er who played with and captained Glenelg Football Club Glenelg in the South Australian National Football League SANFL during the late 1960s and 1970s. Mostly playing as a centreman or across half forward, Marker started his career at Glenelg in 1967. He won their Best and fairest award in 1971, his first year as captain. Marker remained Glenelg s captain until the end of the 1977 season in a stint which included the 1973 SANFL premiership. Although he never won a Magarey Medal he finished a single vote shy in both 1971 and 1975. Marker was a regular South Australian football representative and captained them in 10 of his 15 interstate games. He featured in the 1969 Adelaide Carnival , the 1972 Perth Carnival and the 1975 Knockout Carnival , the last two as captain. Following his retirement from football, Peter Marker moved into the media where he became a highly respected and regarded sports presenter and football commentator firstly for NWS TV station Channel 9 then SAS TV station Channel 7 and finally ADS TV station Channel 10 in Adelaide. Marker was a regular voice for South Australian football during the 1980s working alongside Ian Day, Robert Oatey and Bruce McAvaney and hosted a number of Magarey Medal presentations. He was also member of the Network Ten television coverage of the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul , South Korea . In 2002 he was one of the inaugural inductees into the South Australian ... Full Points Footy profile Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Marker, Peter ALTERNATIVE ... PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Marker, Peter Category Living people Category Glenelg Football Club players ... more details
In software engineering , a design marker is a technique of documenting design choices in source code using the Marker Interface pattern . Marker interfaces have traditionally been limited to those interfaces intended for explicit, runtime verification normally via instanceof . A design marker is a marker interface used to document a design choice. In Java programming language Java programs the design choice is documented in the marker interface s Javadoc documentation. Many choices made at software design time cannot be directly expressed in today s implementation languages like C Sharp programming language C and Java. These design choices known by names like Design Pattern , Programming by contract Design Contract , Refactoring , http java.sun.com docs books effective Effective Programming Idioms , http java.sun.com reference blueprints Blueprints , etc. must be implemented via programming and naming conventions , because they go beyond the built in functionality of production programming languages. The consequences of this limitation conspire over time to erode design investments as well as to promote a false segregation between the designer and implementer mindsets. Two independent proposals recognize these problems and give the same basic strategies for tackling them. Until now, the budding Explicit Programming movement has been linked to the use of an experimental Java research tool called ELIDE. The Design Markers technique requires only standard Javadoc like tools to garner many of the benefits of Explicit Programming . External links http www.onjava.com pub a onjava 2003 03 26 design markers.html Design Markers Explicit Programming for the rest of us http www.polyglotinc.com DesignMarkers Design Markers home page http www.cs.ubc.ca labs spl papers 2002 aosd02 explicit.html Explicit Programming manifesto Category Software design ... more details
The Marker degradation is a three step chemical synthesis synthetic route in steroid chemistry developed by American chemist Russell Earl Marker in 1938 40. It is used for the production of cortisone and mammalian ... citation url http acswebcontent.acs.org landmarks marker marker.html title The Marker Degradation publisher American Chemical Society accessdate 2010 03 03 . ref The discovery of the Marker degradation ... took place in 1943, when Russell Earl Marker collected 10 tons of yam vegetable yam tuber ... marker orizaba.html title To Orizaba and beyond publisher American Chemical Society accessdate ... work accessdate 2010 03 06 ref at the time it was synthesized. ref name orizaba The discovery of the Marker .... Early development Marker s research at Pennsylvania State College now Pennsylvania State University ... first1 Russell E. last1 Marker authorlink1 Russell Earl Marker first2 Ewald last2 Rohrmann ... degraded under acidic conditions indeed, Marker described it as unusually reactive . ref name LIII In showing the true nature of the sarsasapogenin side chain, Marker had discovered the first of the steps in what would become known as the Marker degradation. Sarsasapogenin was too expensive to be a commercial precursor to other steroids, so Marker set about looking for richer sources of sapogenins ... Hormones url http acswebcontent.acs.org landmarks marker decade.html publisher American Chemical ... last4 Tschesche journal J. Pharm. Soc. Jpn. year 1937 volume 57 page 283 . ref Marker showed that both .... last1 Marker authorlink1 Russell Earl Marker first2 Ewald last2 Rohrmann journal J. Am. Chem. Soc. year .... Pregnanediols from Sarsasapogenin first1 Russell E. last1 Marker authorlink1 Russell Earl Marker ... ja01860a017 . citation title Sterols. C. Diosgenin first1 Russell E. last1 Marker authorlink1 Russell Earl Marker first2 Takeo last2 Tsukamoto first3 D. L. last3 Turner journal J. Am. Chem. Soc ... from Sarsasapogenin and Diosgenin first Russell E. last Marker authorlink Russell Earl Marker ... more details
Infobox football biography name Nicky Marker fullname Nicholas Marker image height height meters 1.82 birth date Birth date and age df y 1965 5 3 mf y cityofbirth Budleigh Salterton , Devon countryofbirth England position Defender football Defender currentclub Ivybridge Town F.C. Ivybridge Town br First Team Coach youthyears1 1981 1982 youthclubs1 Exeter City F.C. Exeter City years1 1983 1987 years2 1987 1992 years3 1992 1997 years4 1997 1999 years5 1999 years6 2000 2001 years7 2003 2006 clubs1 Exeter City F.C. Exeter City clubs2 Plymouth Argyle F.C. Plymouth Argyle clubs3 Blackburn Rovers F.C. Blackburn Rovers clubs4 Sheffield United F.C. Sheffield United clubs5 Cheltenham Town F.C. Cheltenham Town clubs6 Tiverton Town F.C. Tiverton Town caps1 202 caps2 202 caps3 54 caps4 61 caps5 0 caps6 14 goals1 3 goals2 13 goals3 1 goals4 5 goals5 0 goals6 0 manageryears1 2003 2009 managerclubs1 Tamarside Youth & Reserve Team Nicholas Nicky Marker born 3 May 1965 is an England English former professional association football footballer and current First Team coach of South West Peninsula League side Ivybridge Town F.C. Ivybridge Town . As a player he was a defender association football defender ... town of Budleigh Salterton , Marker was tipped for the top from a very young age. The classy ... City F.C. Exeter City . Dave Smith managed to lure Marker to Home Park in 1987, and the Green Army immediately took the new man to their hearts. Within two years, Marker was club captain and player of the year .... Marker was destined for the top flight of English football, and Blackburn Rovers snapped him up .... Coaching career After retiring from the professional game Marker was involved with Plymouth amateur ... of the 2008 09 season. In October 2010 it was announced that Marker had been appointed first team ... Persondata . NAME Marker, Nicky ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION English footballer DATE OF BIRTH ... Marker, Nicky Category 1965 births Category Living people Category English footballers Category ... more details
Doctorwhobook title Corpse Marker series Past Doctor Adventures number 27 featuring Fourth Doctor br Leela Doctor Who Leela cover Corpse Marker.JPG writer Chris Boucher publisher BBC Books isbn ISBN 0 563 55575 0 pages 282 set between Last Man Running and Psi ence Fiction ref name Timeline ref name Blurb date November 1999 preceding Divided Loyalties Doctor Who Divided Loyalties following Last of the Gaderene Corpse Marker is a BBC Books original novel written by Chris Boucher and based on the long running United Kingdom British science fiction on television science fiction television series Doctor Who . It features the Fourth Doctor and Leela Doctor Who Leela . The concepts and characters are derived from the 1977 television serial The Robots of Death and reused in the spinoff audio series Kaldor City . It is notable for acting as a crossover story, albeit a slight one, to Blake s 7 , which Boucher script edited, as the Psychostrategist Carnell who appeared in Weapon in 1979 plays a prominent role. Synopsis Society s helpful robots are waging a second murderous spree and this one won t be covered up. DWspinoff External links Doctor Who RG id whobbk27 title Corpse Marker TardisLibrary id 264 Reviews OG review id bbcp 27 title Corpse Marker DWRG id corp title Corpse Marker References Reflist refs ref name Timeline http www.whoniverse.net biography timeline04.php The Doctor s Timeline at The Whoniverse gives support for specific placement relative to other spin off media. ref ref name Blurb Placement between Last Man Running and The Talons of Weng Chiang confirmed by cover blurb. ref Category Past Doctor Adventures Category Fourth Doctor novels Category 1999 novels Category Novels by Chris Boucher Category BBC Books books Doctorwho stub BBC stub ... more details
A topic marker is a grammatical particle found in the Japanese language Japanese , Korean language Korean , and, to a limited extent, Classic Chinese languages used to mark the Topic linguistics topic of a sentence. This often overlaps with the Subject grammar subject of the sentence, causing confusion with learners, as most other languages lack it. However, it differs from a subject in that it puts more emphasis on the item and can be used with words in other roles as well. Japanese This section is linked from Japanese grammar The topic marker is one of the many Japanese particles . It is written with the hiragana Japanese grammar Topic.2C theme.2C and subject .E3.81.AF wa and .E3.81.8C ga , which is normally pronounced ha , but when used as a particle is pronounced wa . It is placed after whatever is to be marked as the topic. If what is to be the topic would have had ga , the subject marker, or w o , the direct object marker, as its particle, those are replaced by . Other particles for example , , or stay, and is placed after them. The English phrase as for is often used to convey the connotation of , though in many cases it sounds unnatural if used in English. It does, however, convey some senses of the particle, one of which is marking changing topics. If you were just talking about someone else, and you switched to yourself, you should say watashi wa , as for me... . After that, it wouldn t be necessary to mention again that you were talking about yourself ... kuruma wa atarashii desu . car topic marker new is. colspan 4 align center The car is new ... marker car subject marker new is. colspan 6 align center Now the car is new. Korean In Korean, wikt neun and wikt eun function similarly to the Japanese topic marker. neun is used after ... from Japanese, in which the topic marker is generally required. Example Chensheng zhe, yangcheng ... Chensheng name of a 3rd century B.C. rebel. Zhe Topic marker. Yangcheng name of a town. Ren person ... more details
. Since 1980, the Kiwanis Club of Kingston has presented awards, including the Gus Marker Trophy, to honour outstanding amateur athletes in the city and district. Past winners of the Gus Marker ... see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Marker, Gus ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION Canadian professional ... OF DEATH October 7, 1997 PLACE OF DEATH Kingston, Ontario , Canada DEFAULTSORT Marker, Gus Category ... Category Tulsa Oilers AHA players canada icehockey winger 1900s stub fr Gus Marker ... more details
File Icelandic tephra.JPG thumb center Tephra horizons in Iceland Marker horizons or chronohorizons or marker beds are Stratigraphy stratigraphic units of the same age and of such distinctive composition and appearance, that, despite their presence in separate geographic locations, there is no doubt about their being of equivalent age isochronous and of common origin. Such clear markers facilitate the correlation of Stratum strata , and used in conjunction with fossil floral and faunal assemblages and paleomagnetism , permit the mapping of land masses and bodies of water throughout the history of the earth. Palynology , the study of fossil pollens and spores, routinely works out the stratigraphy of rocks by comparing pollen and spore assemblages with those of well known layers a tool frequently used by petroleum exploration companies in the search for new fields. The fossilised teeth or elements of Conodont s are an equally useful tool. The ejecta from volcano es and bolide impact s create useful markers, as different volcanic eruptions and impacts produce beds with distinctive compositions. Marker horizons of tephra are used as a dating tool in archaeology , since the dates of eruptions are generally well established. One particular bolide impact 65 million years ago, Chicxulub crater Chicxulub , is controversially held to have led to a major extinction event and produced an iridium ... marker horizon for the Cretaceous Paleogene boundary. ref http books.google.co.za books?id mLswN4OgQYEC ... for distinctive marker horizons. Some marker units are distinctive by virtue of their Rock magnetism .... From the same series a ripple marked quartzite and a speckled bed are used as marker horizons. On a much smaller time scale, marker horizons may be created by sedimentologists and limnologist ... http books.google.co.za books?id l03YnbnoxzUC&pg PA15&lpg PA15&dq Marker horizons stratigraphic units&source ... book result&ct result&resnum 2&ved 0CBgQ6AEwAQ v onepage&q Marker 20horizons 20stratigraphic 20units ... more details
Jamsheed Kaikobad Ardeshir Marker , ref http parsikhabar.net jamsheed marker the not so quiet ambassador Jamshed Marker The not so quiet Ambassador Retrieved 10 June 2010 ref Hilal e Imtiaz HI , b. 24 ... education from Khan Bahadur Ardeshir D. Marker Vernacular School closed down because of the 1935 ... 1A Marker was appointed as Pakistan High Commissioner to Ghana , with concurrent accreditation to Guinea ... Germany , France , the United States and finally the United Nations in New York City . Marker served ... concurrent accreditation. ref Jamsheed Marker. http books.google.com books?id 4tWSU F9WW8C&dq Jamsheed ... K.A. Marker author Eckerd College Faculty Directory publisher Eckerd College location St. Petersburg ... , ref name PNW 20041030 citation title Turning LoC into border not to solve Kashmir issue Marker author ... St. Petersburg, FL date August 15, 2004 edition South Pinellas , p. 4P. ref Marker was the U.N. special ... Marker s empathy for both sides in the talks. ref name Martin 19990922 1A Reportedly, the Portuguese foreign minister praised Marker s sophisticated and calm approach while the Indonesian foreign minister said Marker s diplomatic skills smoothed the way whenever there was a snag in the negotiations ..., 2005, p.254 ref recalls Marker s warm words of praise for the Indonesian police and the superb leadership ... of East Timorese. ref name Lloyd Parry 2005, p.254 Teaching Currently, Marker is teaching international ... Marker as ambassador at large for his years of service. ref name Park 20070318 22 In June 2011, He ... 12. Family background Ambassador Marker is the son of Kekobad Ardeshir Marker and Meherbano Pestonji, the grandson of Ardeshir Marker, and the great nephew of Peshotanji Dossabhai Marker. He currently ... Dinshaw d 1979 with whom he had two daughters, Niloufer and Feroza. ref Marker, Kekobad Ardeshir A Petal ... Marker Kabraji Aban Kabraji . His background is from the Parsi people Parsi community of Pakistan. Published works Citation last Marker first Jamsheed title East Timor. A Memoir of the Negotiations for Independence ... more details
Ego08.jpg right thumb 250px The Planet Eclipse Ego, an electropneumatic paintball marker Image PaintBallMarker.jpg right thumb 250px Spyder VS2 Paintball Marker A paintball marker , also known as a paintball ... paintballs through the barrel. Some paintball players refer to the piece of equipment as a marker rather ... always included . Marker body File Woman with Spyder like paintball marker participating in paintball match.jpg thumb A player using a Spyder paintball marker Most of the marker s functions and aesthetic ... the trigger frame, Bolt firearm bolt and valve . Most paintball marker bodies are constructed from aluminium to reduce the marker s weight, and feature custom Milling machine milling and color anodizing . External design The largest external and ergonomic difference in marker bodies is in the trigger ... of the trigger forward on the marker body. Trigger frame Trigger firearms Triggers are the player s primary means of interacting with the marker. The amount of force required to fire the marker .... Bolt and valve assembly The bolt and valve assembly is the mechanism which fires the marker. The valve is a mechanical switch that controls whether or not the marker is firing. The bolt directs the flow ... an open bolt design. When the marker is at rest, the bolt is in the back position, and the firing ... mass when the marker is fired. However, tests have shown that the position of the bolt has little effect on a marker s accuracy. ref cite news url http www.warpig.com paintball technical ... struck by a compression force, provided in the form of a hammer propelled by a spring. This type of marker ... from the storage vessel drops under the minimum required to complete the action s cycle, the marker ... in the marker. This rerouting is controlled by a solenoid that is activated by the trigger ... needed to fire the marker. Examples of markers that utilize this mechanism are the Angel paintball WDP Angel , Planet Eclipse Ego , Bob Long Intimidator , and Bushmaster 2000 paintball marker Bushmaster ... more details
Infobox Book See Wikipedia WikiProject Novels or Wikipedia WikiProject Books name Marker title orig translator image Image MarkerBC.jpg 200px image caption author Robin Cook novelist Robin Cook illustrator cover artist Getty Images country United States language English Language English series genre Thriller genre Thriller , Novel publisher G. P. Putnam s Sons release date 2005 english release date media type Print pages 598 isbn 978 0 330 48307 0 oclc 64594701 preceded by Seizure novel Seizure followed by Crisis novel Crisis Marker is a 2005 thriller genre thriller novel by Robin Cook novelist Robin Cook . ref cite news url http pqasb.pqarchiver.com chicagotribune access 853830491.html?dids 853830491 853830491&FMT ABS&FMTS ABS FT&type current&date Jun 15 2C 2005&author Carol Deegan 2C Associated Press&pub Chicago Tribune&desc 27Marker 27 is right on target&pqatl google title Marker is right on target work Chicago Tribune date 2005 06 15 accessdate 2010 04 15 first Carol last Deegan ref ref cite news last Hatfield first Julie url http www.boston.com ae books articles 2005 06 09 25th novel marks cook as master of medical mystery title 25th novel marks Cook as master of medical mystery work The Boston Globe publisher Boston.com date 2005 06 09 accessdate 2010 04 15 ref ref cite web url http www.journaltimes.com lifestyles article 486a080f 0580 5044 a825 8a431a53bc83.html?mode story author CAROL DEEGAN title Robin Cook s Marker is not to be missed publisher Journaltimes.com date 2005 05 29 accessdate 2010 04 15 ref ref cite web url http www.highbeam.com doc 1G1 137529230.html title BOOK REVIEWS MARKER by Robin Cook Macmillan pounds 17.99 HHH. Features work The Mirror location London, England date 2005 10 14 accessdate 2010 04 15 ref ref cite news url http pqasb.pqarchiver.com ... google title Marker lays claim to death by insurer work USA Today date 2005 06 09 accessdate 2010 04 ... and Laurie Montgomery, characters from previous novels by Cook. References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Marker ... more details
Multiple issues refimprove January 2007 orphan February 2009 File Line Arrow of Agnes Milowka.jpg thumb Line Arrow Marker alt Line Arrow Marker In cave diving cave and occasionally wreck diving, line markers are used for orientation. Directional markers commonly arrows point the way to an exit although no permanent guideline must exist non directional markers cookies are purely personal markers that mark specific spots, or the direction of one s own exit at line intersections T s. One important reason to be adequately trained before cave diving is that incorrect marking can confuse and fatally endanger not only oneself, but also other divers. The line arrow has been invented by Forrest Wilson at the Cave diving National Speleological Society NSS workshop, inspired by Sheck Exley and other cave diving pioneers, and later, few hundreds of the hand made were sold through Branford Dive Center in North Florida. Soon they became very popular and today are commonly used by underwater cave explorers. ref cite web url http www.diverite.com products catalog reels ac2015 title Line Arrow accessdate 20 October 2011 author Dive Rite publisher Dive Rite website ref References reflist DEFAULTSORT Line Marker Category Navigation Category Underwater diving safety equipment Underwater diving stub ... more details
unreferenced date February 2011 LLA Markers are tools used to enable the accurate location of mobile phones, especially in indoor situations where GPS tends to be inaccurate. The LLA latitude longitude altitude detection works for the iPhone and Android smartphones in order to use Augmented Reality applications. When a marker is found, the encoded latitude and logitude coordinates will adjust the location of the smartphone. See also Augmented reality Junaio telecom stub Category Mobile telecommunications ... more details
Other uses Marker disambiguation unreferenced date February 2008 globalize date December 2010 A marker is a type of special purpose control system that was used in electromechanical telephone central office switches. Telephone exchange Central office switches are the large devices that telephone companies use to make the connections that support telephone call s. The switch makes voice connections between users, and to control equipment such as that used to detect dialed numbers. Markers were sometimes referred to as special purpose computer s but, lacking Stored Program Control exchange stored program control , they were not computers according to the understanding of the middle 20th Century. After unfruitful German efforts in the 1920s, they were successfully developed at Bell Labs in the 1930s to support the then new generation of crossbar switch es which were replacing the Strowger switch Step by Step switch es and Panel switch es of the first generation of automatic switching. Markers were built from relays wire spring relay s and other kinds . Different types of markers performed various specialized hard wired operations. For example, 1XB switch es had separate markers for incoming and outgoing calls. 5XB switch es had dial tone markers to select one of a number of shared digit receivers termed originating registers and connect it to a subscriber who wished to make a telephone call. The digit receiver would collect the digits of the call and make them available to other markers which would use them for routing purposes. In this case the Completing Marker would mark a proper path of idle links for the call to make through the mechanical voice switching matrix. Markers ... controlled electronic computers of modern design. The term marker came from its use to mark a path of links through the Switched fabric switching fabric . A marker s comprehensive view of the switching ... jobs that were added to Bell System markers being handled by other equipment. DEFAULTSORT Marker Telecommunications ... more details
BLP sources date July 2008 Gary Magic Marker is a bass guitar ist and recording engineer best known for his involvement in various psychedelic rock bands of the 1960s. A bass player with jazz leanings, who had studied at Berklee College of Music , ref Cite journal last Kirkeby first Marc title Rising Sons sleevenotes to Sony CD 472865 2 year 1992 postscript None ref Marker was a member of the Rising Sons between 1964 and 1966, along with Ry Cooder and Taj Mahal musician Taj Mahal . A 1992 retrospective CD has been issued of their work, Rising Sons on Columbia CK 52828. During this time he became friendly with Captain Beefheart Don Vliet . He helped with Vliet s musical education ref cite book last Barnes first Mike title Captain Beefheart publisher Quartet Books year 2000 location London pages 27 isbn 0704380730 ref and played with Captain Beefheart and his Magic Band on a number of occasions but was unwilling to kowtow to the large Beefheart ego on a regular basis. Marker was involved in the early production work on Safe As Milk , but this material did not feature on the final issue. He stood in for Jerry Handley on bass at live shows during 1964 67 and joined the Magic Band for a short spell in 1968 69 Moonlight On Vermont and Veteran s Day Poppy from Trout Mask Replica are the only two surviving tracks which feature his bass playing a third track, a reworking of Kandy Korn , has disappeared . ref cite book last Barnes first Mike title Captain Beefheart publisher Quartet Books year 2000 location London pages 97 isbn 0704380730 ref This archived track resides among the Beefheart The .27Brown Wrapper.27 Sessions Brown Wrapper project. Two other bands of his, the Jazz Folk ... www.beefheart.com datharp albums mbmembers marker.htm Gary Marker discography Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Marker, Gary ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Marker, Gary Category American bass guitarists Category ... more details
A genetic marker is a gene or DNA sequence with a known location on a chromosome that can be used to identify individuals or species . It can be described as a variation which may arise due to mutation or alteration in the genomic loci that can be observed. A genetic marker may be a short DNA sequence, such as a sequence surrounding a single base pair change single nucleotide polymorphism , SNP , or a long one, like minisatellite s. Background For many years, gene mapping was limited in most organisms by traditional genetic markers which include genes that encode easily observable characteristics such as blood types or seed shapes. The insufficient amount of these types of characteristics in several organisms limited the mapping efforts that could be done. ref Pierce, Benjamin A. Genetics A Conceptual Approach. 2nd edition. ref Types File SFP discovery principle.jpg thumb SFP discovery principle ... loci at one time, e.g. RAPD. A primer amplifying a dominant marker could amplify at many loci in one ... amplifying a co dominant marker would yield one targeted product. Dominant markers, as RAPDs and high ... near each other on a chromosome tend to be inherited together. This property enables the use of a marker ... any information. Detection of the marker can be direct by RNA sequencing, or indirect using ... can be easily selected. See also Molecular marker Other references cite book author de Vicente, C., T. Fulton year 2003 title Molecular Marker Learning Modules Vol. 1. publisher IPGRI, Rome, Italy ... year 2004 title Molecular Marker Learning Modules Vol. 2. publisher IPGRI, Rome, Italy and Institute ... materials genetic diversity analysis with molecular marker data learning module volume 2.html ... Marker.aspx What Is A Genetic Marker? References reflist Category Genetics Category DNA Category Molecular biology ca Marcador gen tic cs Genetick marker de Marker Genetik es Marcador gen tico fa ... pl Marker genetyczny pt Marcador gen tico ru th ... more details
border marker project. The trophy itself was the brainchild of Adam Jones, then President of the NDSU ... chapter of Blue Key National Honor Society and the SDSU Student Association. The Dakota Marker s inscription ... neighbor football game either team would play. Through the 2011 season, the Dakota Marker series ... two meetings. Since the inception of the Dakota Marker series, the home team has won six of the eight ... includes 17 straight wins by the Bison from 1976 1992. The inaugural Dakota Marker game was played ... claimed their first Dakota Marker win by a 41 17 score in Fargo. With a back and forth game tied ... not only were the rivals playing for the Marker, the winner of the contest would also win the Great ..., the Jackrabbits took the Marker back and claimed their only Great West championship with a 29 ... in Fargo since 1962. In the 2009 contest in Brookings, SDSU made it three straight Dakota Marker ... s first win in Brookings since 1999 and their first road win in the Dakota Marker series. The Bison ... more details
Cleanup date August 2008 merge Discourse connective date April 2011 In linguistics , a discourse marker is a word or phrase that is relatively syntax independent and does not change the meaning of the sentence, and has a somewhat empty meaning. ref name definition cite book last Carol Lynn first Moder coauthors Aida Martinovic Zic year 2004 title Discourse Across Languages and Cultures publisher John Benjamins Publishing Company pages 117 id 9027230781 ref Examples of discourse markers include the Grammatical particle particles oh , well , now , then , you know , and I mean , and the connective s so , because , and , but , and or . ref name Schiffrin1986 citation last Schiffrin first Deborah year 1986 title Discourse markers publisher Cambridge Cambridgeshire series Studies in interactional sociolinguistics, 5. isbn 978 0 521 30385 9 url http www.worldcat.org title discourse markers oclc 243527510 ref In Practical English Usage Michael Swan defines a discourse marker as a word or expression which shows the connection between what is being said and the wider context . For him, it is something that a connects a sentence to what comes before or after, or b indicates a speaker s attitude to what he is saying. He gives three examples on the other hand frankly as a matter of fact . ref name Swan cite book last Swan first Michael title Practical English Usage year 2005 publisher Oxford University Press location Oxford isbn 0 19 442098 1 pages 658 author Michael Swan page xviii ref Traditionally, some of the words or phrases that were considered discourse markers were treated as Filler linguistics fillers or Expletive attributive expletive s words or phrases that had no function at all .... An example of the latter is the Yiddish involvement discourse marker nu , also used in Modern ... construction to a discourse marker can be traced back through grammaticalisation studies and resources ... discurso ko nl Discourse marker ... more details
Orphan date May 2011 refimprove date April 2011 A predictive marker is a particular protein or gene that indicates sensitivity or resistance to a specific therapy . The use of predictive markers is becoming increasingly relevant in cancer therapy as it allows for better identification of patients who will respond positively to the therapy. In the clinical setting, predictive markers are limited to use in breast cancer . ref cite journal last Duffy first Michael title Predictive Markers in Breast and Other Cancers A Review journal Clinical Chemistry year 2005 volume 51 pages 494 503 url http www.clinchem.org cgi content full 51 3 494 accessdate 2011 04 04 issue 3 pmid 15637130 month March ref Expression of estrogen and progesterone receptor s can determine the benefits of hormone therapy , whilst the benefit of treating breast cancer patients with Trastuzumab herceptin Trastuzumab is determined by the expression of HER2. There are many advantages to utilizing a predictive marker in cancer therapy including better patient management minimizing unnecessary suffering from side effects with ultimately the wrong treatment choice, reducing loss of precious time whilst determining whether a therapy will provide any benefit, and a reduction in cost to both the patient and the wider health community. References reflist Category Cancer treatments ... more details
Orphan date November 2010 Marker Rock coor dm 66 5 S 65 47 W is a rock lying 1.5 nautical miles 2.8 km north northwest of Turnabout Island Antarctica Turnabout Island in the Saffery Islands , off the west coast of Graham Land . Charted by the British Graham Land Expedition BGLE under Rymill, 1934 37. So named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place Names Committee UK APC in 1959 because it marks the ships passage through the Saffery Islands. usgs gazetteer Category Rock formations in Graham Land Category Graham Coast GrahamCoast geo stub ... more details
Kernel markers were a static kernel instrumentation support mechanism for Linux kernel source code, allowing special tools such as LTTng ref name TracingWiki http ltt.polymtl.ca tracingwiki index.php Tracepoints and Markers Tracepoints and Markers , LTTng s Tracing Wiki ref or SystemTap ref name SystemTapWiki http sourceware.org systemtap wiki UsingMarkers Using Markers , SystemTap Wiki ref to tracing software trace information exposed by these probe points. Kernel markers were declared in the kernel code by one liners of the form source lang c trace mark name, format string, ... source Where tt name tt is the marker s unique name, and tt format string tt describes the remaining arguments types. A marker can be on or off depending on whether a probe is connected to it or not. Code which wants to hook into a trace point first calls source lang c int marker probe register const char name, const char format string, marker probe func probe, void pdata source to register its tt probe tt callback with the marker point tt pdata tt is a private data value that the code wants to pass to the tt probe tt . Later, the tt probe tt is turned on and off using source lang c int marker arm const char name int marker disarm const char name source Using markers has a negligible overhead thanks in part to Immediate Values , ref name 2007aDesnoyers Mathieu Desnoyers, http thread.gmane.org gmane.linux.kernel 550209 focus 550214 nowiki patch 08 10 nowiki Immediate Value Documentation ref another support mechanism that embeds switches in the code that can be dynamically turned on and off, without using a memory reference and thus saving cache lines. ref name 2007bDesnoyers Mathieu Desnoyers, http thread.gmane.org gmane.linux.kernel 568586 focus 568613 nowiki patch 7 8 nowiki Immediate Values Documentation ref The initial motivation to create this static instrumentation infrastructure was the large performance overhead induced by the predating dynamic instrumentation mechanism Kprobe mechan ... more details
A tumor marker is a substance found in the blood , urine , or Biological tissue body tissues that can .... An elevated level of a tumor marker can indicate cancer however, there can also be other causes ... their utility has resulted in inappropriate use of tumour marker blood tests, which has also resulted ... . If repeated measurements of tumor marker are needed, some clinical testing laboratories ... unless special calculations are performed. Interlaboratory proficiency testing for tumor marker ... doi 10.1002 1097 0142 19920315 69 6 1578 AID CNCR2820691312 3.0.CO 2 K title Molecular marker test ... genome.gov ref Examples class wikitable Tumor marker Associated tumor types Alpha fetoprotein AFP ... PTPRC CD45 lymphoma , leukemia , histiocytic tumor ref name Territo2008 lymphocyte marker various ... marker for colorectal cancer Comparative analysis in a large sample of unselected older adults vs ... first2 E last3 Bichler first3 KH last4 Feil first4 G title Marker for renal cell carcinoma RCC The dimeric ... Morr first6 H last7 Katz first7 N last8 Eigenbrodt first8 E title Fuzzy logic based tumor marker profiles ... first3 N last4 Ziolkovski first4 P title The significance of TU M2 PK tumor marker for lung cancer ... tumor marker in the diagnosis of gastro intestinal cancer volume 20 issue 6D pages 4965 8 journal ... title Tumour M2 pyruvate kinase A gastrointestinal cancer marker year 2007 last1 Kumar first1 ... Tu M2 PK as a tumor marker for cervical carcinoma volume 30 issue 3 pages 193 6 doi 10.1111 j.1447 ... title M2 PK as a novel marker in ovarian cancer. A prospective cohort study volume 28 issue 2 pages ... of inaccuracy The high dose hook effect is an artefact of tumor marker immunoassay kits, that causes the reported quantity of tumor marker to be incorrectly low when the quantity is high. An undetected ... of tumor marker in a serial dilution are proportional to the dilution. See also Tumor antigen ... markeri it Marker tumorale nl Tumormarker ja no Tumormark r pl Markery nowotworowe pt Marcador ... more details
at the side of the road or in a median. survey marker Tripoint Trigonometric station Trig Point ... Swiss border boundary markers. gallery DEFAULTSORT Boundary Marker Category Borders Category Geography ... more details
. File Mine La Motte historical marker 1.jpg thumb 222px right An example of a marker set in native stone, this in a granite boulder at Mine La Motte, Missouri A historical marker or historic marker ... marker itself. ref cite web url http www.preservationworcester.org pages historic marker.html ... 2011 01 31 accessdate 2011 11 30 ref the historical markers of State Historic Marker Council in Florida ... , where it is illegal to create a historical marker in the state format without first getting official ... title Historical Marker FAQs publisher In.gov date 2009 06 16 accessdate 2011 11 30 ref historical ... Kshs.org date accessdate 2011 11 30 ref the Roadside Historic Marker Program in Maryland administered ... dead link date November 2011 ref the State Historic Marker Program of New York begun in 1926 to commemorate ... services marker srvmarker.html title New York State Museum publisher Nysm.nysed.gov date 1998 12 ... and are the closest thing there is to a historical marker system in that country. An example is the blue ..., VA historical marker ca. 1941 .JPG Pulaski, Virginia Image Fort Reynolds Historical Marker.JPG ... Marker Adrian Michigan.JPG Adrian, Michigan Image Cobblestone Farm Historic Marker.JPG Ann Arbor ... Manila, Philippines File Trinity Church Elkridge Marker 1 Sept 09.JPG Elkridge, Maryland gallery ... reflist 2 Commonscat Historical markers External links http www.hmdb.org Historical Marker Database ... more details
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