The Kasanze Kingdom , also known as Kasanye , c. 1500 1648 was a pre colonial Central West African state in what is today Angola . Origin Kasanze was founded by the BaLunda people of Central Africa living on the border of the Kingdom of Kongo . Initially a client state of Kongo, it and first enters written record during the reign of Diogo I of Kongo in 1548. ref Miller, Joseph C A Note on Kasanze and the Portuguese , page 48. Canadian Journal of African Studies , Vol. 6, No. 1, 1972 ref During this time it was ruled by a ManiKasanze . ref Miller, Joseph C A Note on Kasanze and the Portuguese , page 48. Canadian Journal of African Studies , Vol. 6, No. 1, 1972 ref Conflict with Portugal In 1576, Dias de Noveas launched an attack into Kasanze in hopes of opening up trade routes into the interior ref Miller, Joseph C A Note on Kasanze and the Portuguese , page 49. Canadian Journal of African Studies , Vol. 6, No. 1, 1972 ref The invasion met with initial success under the leadership of Lieutenant Jo o Castanho Veles. After the engagement, the men became careless during their return march to Luanda. Kasanze launched a surprise attack on the Portuguese force that caused the invaders severe losses. ref Miller, Joseph C A Note on Kasanze and the Portuguese , page 49. Canadian Journal of African Studies , Vol. 6, No. 1, 1972 ref Despite later efforts to mend fences and open trade Kasanze remained hostile to Portuguese overtures and a wall toward further penetration east. Independence Kasanze became completely autonomous of Kongo by 1600. It continued to be a buffer between commerce of the interior and the ambitions of the Portuguese in Luanda. All the while it tapped trade in raphia cloth and ivory from the interior, which were hot commodities among the Mbundu to their south. War of 1622 After years of failed attempts to remove th ManiKasanje from his fortification on the Bengo River, another Portuguese assault was launched under the command of Correia de Sousa. ref Miller, ... more details
Infobox Military Conflict conflict Battle of Katole date 4 September 1681 place Katole , Angola result Portuguese Tactical victory Matamba Strategic victory combatant1 Kingdom of Matamba combatant2 flag Portugal 1640 commander1 King Francisco Guterres Ngola kannini Killed in action commander2 Captain Luis Lopes de Sequeira Killed in action strength1 Unknown infantry strength2 530 Portuguese infantry, 37 cavalry and 10,000 empacaceiros. ref name Battell, page 177 Battell, page 177 ref casualties1 Unknown but substantial casualties2 Unknown but substantial The Battle of Katole was a military engagement between forces of Portuguese Angola and the Kingdom of Matamba . The battle took place on at Katole in what is today Angola . It was one of the largest military engagements anywhere in the world during the 17th century. Prelude to Battle The kingdom of Matamba, also known as the kingdom of Matamba and Ndongo, lay in what is today eastern Angola. It was created by the warrior queen Nzinga of Ndongo and Matamba Nzinga via her 1631 conquest of the kingdom from its BaKongo vassal. Throughout the mid 17th century, Queen Nzinga fought a guerilla war against the Portuguese colony of Angola to regain her throne and protect her people, the Mbundu, from the slave trade. By 1657, the queen had regained her traditional capital and ended the wars with Angola in her favor. After her death in 1663, the kingdom she fought so hard to establish devolved into civil war. The war did not end until 1680 when Francisco Guterres Ngola kannini, Njinga s nephew, defeated one of his aunt s former commanders and became king. Cassus Belli In 1681, King Francisco invaded the neighboring Imbangala kingdom of Kassanje to place his own candidate on the throne. While on campaign, he robbed the pombeiros, Afro Portuguese slaving agents, and beheaded the kingdom s ruler. This angered the Portuguese, who had never been comfortable with an independent Matamba in the first place. The Portuguese immediately s ... more details
File Ilha de Luanda.JPG thumb right Thatched huts for tourists on Luanda Island. Ilha do Cabo lang en Cape Island typically known as Ilha de Luanda lang en Island of Luanda is a Spit landform spit ref http www.cidadeluanda.com mapa.asp Map of Luanda ref off the shore of Luanda , the capital of Angola . It is cultivated by a low sandy strip formed by sedimentation. In administative terms, the peninsula belongs to the municipality of Ingombota in the Luanda Province . When Paulo Dias de Novais , a Portugal Portuguese navigator, arrived here in 1575 with several hundred soldiers and settlers, the island was inhabited by Axi lwanda, a subgroup of the Northern Mbundu people Ambundu people which was tributary to the Kongo Empire . The island was an important location to collect zimbo , the shells that constituted the currency of the Kongo king before the arrival of the Portuguese. ref name idl pt icon http ilhaluanda.no.sapo.pt Ilha de Luanda e suas tradi es retrieved 27 09 2010 ref The Portuguese settled here for a while, before they decided to establish themselves on the continente, in front of the island. They started to use the name of the African inhabitants as a name for the island and the town, spelling it first Loanda and then Luanda . The Ilha , as it is called colloquially by the population, is connected with the city through a narrow passage ref http www.portalangop.co.ao motix pt pt noticias sociedade 2011 4 21 Ponte que liga marginal Ilha Luanda sera inaugurada sexta feira,a1d9b44f 765f 45d6 8d15 b6033d566f41.html Ponte que liga marginal Ilha de Luanda ser inaugurada recuperado 18 de agosto 2011 pt ref and is located at the foot of the Fortaleza de S o Miguel Fortress of S o Miguel . Here is the place where residents are recovering from the stress of the capital, especially on weekends. A wide variety of exclusive bars and restaurants along the long beach with hotels and clubs, as well as flea markets and marinas are attracting visitors. The first ever bu ... more details
, Umbundu and Kimbundu both Mbundu . The bare prefixless form typically does not occur in the language ... as L2 Angola South Mbundu language South Mbundu Umbundu 4 million North Mbundu language North Mbundu Kimbundu 3 million Ovambo language Ovambo Ambo Oshiwambo 500,000 Luvale language Luvale Chiluvale ... more details
Notable people from the Central Africa Central Southern Africa n nation of Angola include Clergy Oscar Lino Lopes Fernandes Braga born 1931 , Roman Catholic bishop of Benguela, Angola since 1975 Manuel Franklin da Costa 1921 2003 , Roman Catholic Archbishop Dami o Ant nio Franklin born 1950 , Roman Catholic Archbishop Alexandre do Nascimento born 1925 , Roman Catholic Archbishop from 1977 to 2001 Military Jo o de Matos , military general Nzingha , 17th century queen of the Ndongo and Matamba Kingdoms of the Mbundu people in southwestern Africa also known as Ana de Sousa Nzinga Mbande Musicians Waldemar Bastos born 1954 , pop musician Bonga musician Bonga born 1943 , singer songwriter of Angolan folk music including Semba Paulo Flores born 1972 , Semba musician Teta Lando Neide Van D nem born 1986 , singer songwriter of popular music Kizomba e Semba Politicians Nito Alves , member of the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola M rio Pinto de Andrade 1928 1990 , founding member and former president of the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola Am rico Boavida 1923 1968 , physician and member of the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola Maria Mambo Caf born 1945 , politician Boaventura Cardoso born 1944 , Former Minister of Culture Abel Apalanga Chivukuvuku , politician, member of UNITA, and member of the Pan African Parliament Viriato da Cruz 1928 1973 , secretary of the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola Ant nio Dembo 1944 2002 , politician, rebel and vice president of UNITA from 1992 to 2002 Jos Eduardo dos Santos born 1942 , current President of Angola Efig nia dos Santos Lima Clemente , member of the Pan African Parliament Aguinaldo Jaime , current deputy Prime Minister of Angola Almerindo Jaka Jamba born 1949 , politician, rebel and former leader of UNITA L cio Lara , founding member of the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola Ana Dias Louren o , Minister of Planning from 1999 Paulo Lukamba born 1954 , politician, rebel ... more details
1900s in Angola Angola in the 1950s transitioned from colonial to provincial status. Angola had the status of a Portuguese Empire Portuguese colony from 1655 until the Assembly of the Republic passed a law on June 11, 1951, giving all Portuguese colonies provincial status, ref name a cite book last Palmer first Alan Warwick year 1979 title The Facts on File Dictionary of 20th Century History, 1900 1978 pages 15 ref ref name b cite book last Dicken first Samuel Newton coauthors Forrest Ralph Pitts year 1963 title Introduction to Human Geography pages 359 ref effective on October 20, 1951. ref name c cite book last Osm anczyk first Edmund Jan coauthors Anthony Mango year 2003 title Encyclopedia of the United Nations and International Agreements pages 95 ref Separatist political organizations advocating Angolan independence formed in the 1950s despite strong resistance from the Portuguese government, leading to the Angolan War of Independence 1961 1975 . Politics Viriato da Cruz and others formed the Movement of Young Intellectuals , an organization that promoted Angolan culture, in 1948. Nationalists sent a letter to the United Nations calling for Angola to be given protectorate status under UN supervision. In 1953 Angolan nationalists founded the Party of the United Struggle for Africans in Angola PLUA , the first political party to advocate Angolan independence from Portugal. Two years later M rio Pinto de Andrade and his brother Joaquim Pinto de Andrade Joaquim formed the Angolan Communist Party PCA . In December 1956 PLUA merged with the PCA to form the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola MPLA . The MPLA, led by da Cruz, M rio Andrade, Ilidio Machado , and L cio Lara , derived support from the Mbundu people and in Luanda . ref name d cite book last Wright first George year 1997 title The Destruction of a Nation United States Policy Towards Angola Since 1945 pages 2, 8 11, and 57 ref ref name e cite book last Oyebade first Adebayo O year 2006 title Cultur ... more details
of the Methodists among the Mbundu to be fortuitously consistent with them gave Protestants much ... proportion of Roman Catholics among the Mbundu in Luanda and Cuanza Norte provinces ... Protestant group active among the Mbundu was the Methodist Mission, largely sponsored by the Methodist ... of the Mbundu considered themselves Protestants, but Protestant missions had considerable success ... more details
, Luba Katanga Central Democratic Republic of the Congo 2 Mbundu Niger Congo, Bantu North Mbundu ... Congo, Bantu South Mbundu language Umbundu Central Angola 4.6 Sua people Sua Nilo Saharan , Pygmy ... more details
Use dmy dates date February 2012 About the figure from Haitian religion the figure from films such as Night of the Living Dead Zombie fictional the philosophical concept Philosophical zombie other uses Zombie disambiguation pp semi protected small yes Zombies Zombie Haitian Creole zonbi North Mbundu language North Mbundu nzumbe is a term used to denote an Revenant folklore animated corpse brought back to life by mystical means, such as witchcraft. ref Cite encyclopedia title Zombie encyclopedia Oxford English Dictionary publisher Oxford University Press year 1998 ref The term is often figuratively applied to describe a hypnosis hypnotized person bereft of consciousness and self awareness, yet ambulant and able to respond to surrounding stimuli. Since the late 19th century, zombies have acquired notable popularity, especially in North American and European folklore . In modern times, the term zombie has been applied to an Zombie fictional undead race in horror fiction , largely drawn from George A. Romero s 1968 film Night of the Living Dead . ref name bbc Cite news url http news.bbc.co.uk 2 hi entertainment 7280793.stm title Zombie maestro lays down the lore accessdate 1 October 2009 author Smith, Neil publisher BBC News date 7 March 2008 location London ref They have appeared as plot devices in various books, films and in television shows. West African Vodun According to the tenets of Vodou, a dead person can be revived by a bokor , or sorcerer. Zombies remain under the control of the bokor since they have no will of their own. Zombi is also another name of the Vodou snake Loa lwa Damballa Damballah Wedo , of Niger Congo origin it is akin to the Kikongo language Kikongo word nzambi , which means god . There also exists within the West African Vodun tradition the zombi astral, which is a part of the human Soul spirit soul that is captured by a bokor and used to enhance the bokor s power. The zombi astral is typically kept inside a bottle which the bokor can sell to ... more details
part of the 16th century tried to gain control of Ndongo but were defeated by the Northern Mbundu people Mbundu . Ndongo experienced depopulation from slave raiding. The leaders established another state ... more details
became the main rivals of the Mbundu in supplying slaves to the Luanda market. In the 1750s ... N. year 1997 title Mbundu pages 38 39 ref By this time, Angola, a Portuguese colony, was in fact like ... Northern Mbundu people Ambundu , the Ovimbundu and the Bakongo . The official and the most widely used ... more details
Life in the Kongo and Mbundu Areas, in Linda Heywood, ed. Central Africans and Transformations ... in the Mbundu speaking regions of eastern Angola a treaty with Ver nica I of Matamba Queen Ver nica ... more details
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