Infobox Bone Name Medialepicondyle of the femur Latin epicondylus medialis femoris GraySubject 59 GrayPage 247 Image Gray345.png Caption Right knee joint . Anterior view. Medialepicondyle visible at right. Image2 Gray244.png Caption2 Right femur. Anterior surface. Medialepicondyle labeled at bottom right. System Precursor MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre e 11 DorlandsSuf 12336766 The medialepicondyle of the femur is a bony protrusion located on the medial side of the bone s Lower extremity of femur distal end . Located above the medial condyle of the femurmedial condyle , it bears an elevation, the adductor tubercle , ref name Platzer 192 Platzer 2004 , p 192 ref which serves for the attachment of the superficial part, or tendinous insertion , of the Adductor magnus muscle adductor magnus ref Thieme Atlas of Anatomy 2006 , p 426 ref . This tendinous part here forms an intermuscular septum which forms the medial separation between the thigh s flexors and extensors. ref name Platzer 242 The anterior long fibers of the tibial collateral ligament of the knee joint are attached to it. ref name Platzer 206 Platzer 2004 , 9 206 ref Behind it, and proximal to the medial condyle ref name Platzer 262 Platzer 2004 , p 262 ref is a rough impression which gives origin to the medial head of the Gastrocnemius muscle Gastrocnemius . See also Lateral epicondyle of the femurMedialepicondyle of the humerus Notes reflist References cite book first Werner last Platzer title Color Atlas of Human Anatomy, Vol. 1 Locomotor System publisher Thieme Medical Publishers Thieme isbn 3 13 533305 1 US 1 58890 159 9 year 2004 edition 5th cite book title Thieme Atlas of Anatomy General Anatomy and Musculoskeletal System publisher Thieme year 2006 isbn 1 58890 419 9 External links BiowebUW APLab Table of Contents Lab 04 Femur 1 Femur 1c femur 1c.html Right femur anterior distal end SUNYAnatomyLabs 17 st 03 02 Gray s Bones of lower extremity Category Bones of the lower limb musculoskeletal stub ... more details
Infobox Bone Name Lateral epicondyle of the femur Latin e. lateralis femoris GraySubject 59 GrayPage 247 Image Gray246.png Caption Lower extremity of right femur viewed from below. Lateral epicondyle visible at left. Image2 Gray244.png Caption2 Right femur. Anterior surface. Lateral epicondyle labeled at bottom left. System Precursor MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre DorlandsSuf The lateral epicondyle of the femur , smaller and less prominent than the Medialepicondyle of the femurmedialepicondyle , gives attachment to the fibular collateral ligament of the knee joint . Directly below it is a small depression from which a smooth well marked groove curves obliquely upward and backward to the posterior extremity of the Condyle anatomy condyle . External links BiowebUW APLab Table of Contents Lab 04 Femur 1 Femur 1c femur 1c.html aplab SUNYAnatomyLabs 17 st 03 03 Gray s Bones of lower extremity Category Bones of the lower limb musculoskeletal stub ... more details
Infobox Bone Name Medialepicondyle of the humerus Latin e. medialis humeri GraySubject 51 GrayPage 212 Image Gray329 Medialepicondyle of the humerus.png Caption Left elbow joint, showing anterior and ulnar collateral ligaments. Medialepicondyle labeled at center top. Image2 Gray210.png Caption2 Plan of ossification of the humerus . Medialepicondyle labeled at lower left. System Precursor MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre e 11 DorlandsSuf 12336773 The medialepicondyle of the humerus , larger and more prominent than the Lateral epicondyle of the humerus lateral epicondyle , is directed a little backward. In birds, where the arm is somewhat rotated compared to other tetrapod s, it is called ventral epicondyle of the humerus . It gives attachment to the ulnar collateral ligament of elbow joint , to the Pronator teres , and to a common tendon of origin the common flexor tendon of some of the Flexor muscles of the forearm . The ulnar nerve runs in a groove on the back of this epicondyle . Additional images gallery Image HumerusFront.png Left humerus. Anterior view. Image Gray414.png Front of the left forearm. Superficial muscles. Image Gray419.png Posterior surface of the forearm. Deep muscles. gallery External links SUNYAnatomyFigs 07 02 02 BiowebUW aplab Table of Contents Lab 04 Humerus 1 Humerus 1d humerus 1d.html aplab NormanAnatomy radiographsul NormanAnatomyFig xrayelbow Gray s Bones of upper extremity Category Upper limb anatomy musculoskeletal stub gl Epic ndilo medial hu Bels k ny kdudor pt Epic ndilo medial do mero th ... more details
Infobox Bone Name Medial condyle of femur Latin c. medialis femoris GraySubject 59 GrayPage 247 Image Gray246.png Caption Lower extremity of right femur viewed from below. Image2 Gray348.png Caption2 Left knee joint from behind, showing interior ligaments. System Precursor MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre c 51 DorlandsSuf 12254708 The medial condyle is one of the two projections on the lower extremity of femur . The medial Condyle anatomy condyle is larger than the lateral outer condyle due to more weight bearing caused by the center of gravity being medial to the knee. On the posterior surface of the condyle the linea aspera a ridge running down the posterior shaft of the femur turns into the medial supracondylar ridge. The outermost protrusion on the medial surface of the medial condyle is referred to as the medialepicondyle and can be palpated by running fingers medially from the patella with the knee in flexion. Additional images gallery Image Gray244.png Right femur. Anterior surface. Image Gray245.png Right femur. Posterior surface. Image Gray347.png Right knee joint, from the front, showing interior ligaments. Image Gray439.png Muscles of the back of the leg. Deep layer. gallery External links BiowebUW aplab Table of Contents Lab 04 Femur 1 Femur 1d femur 1d.html aplab Gray s Bones of lower extremity Category Bones of the lower limb musculoskeletal stub ... more details
Infobox Bone Name Epicondyle Latin epicondylus GraySubject GrayPage Image Caption Image2 Caption2 Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber Epicondyle epi meaning upon condyle meaning knuckle or rounded articular area may refer to class wikitable medialepicondyle of the humerus br ventral epicondyle in birds medialepicondyle of the femur lateral epicondyle of the humerus br dorsal epicondyle in birds lateral epicondyle of the femur Bone and cartilage Category Skeletal system anatomy stub es Epic ndilo no Epikondyl sv Epikondyl ... more details
Lateral epicondyle can refer to Lateral epicondyle of the humerus dorsal epicondyle in bird s Lateral epicondyle of the femur disambig ... more details
for femurs femora in invertebrates Arthropod leg Infobox Bone Name Femur Latin os femoris, os longissimum GraySubject 59 GrayPage 242 Image Gray252.png Caption Anterior view of the femur Origins Gastrocnemius ... superiorly br knee with the tibia and patella inferiorly MeshName Femur MeshNumber A02.835.232.500.247 The femur pl. femurs or femora , or thigh bone , is the most Anatomical terms of location Proximal ... s such as frog s. In vertebrates with four legs such as dog s and horse s, the femur is found only in the rear legs. The femur is the largest bone in the body. The head of the femur articulates with the acetabulum . By most measures the femur is one of the strongest bones in the body. Other species In primitive tetrapods, the main points of muscle attachment along the femur are the internal ... referred to as the adductor crest . The neck of the femur is generally minimal or absent in the most ... of whale s ref name whale femur cite journal last Struthers first John title The Bones, Articulations ... to have a femur is the Eusthenopteron , a prehistory prehistoric Sarcopterygii lobe finned ... zoology the name femur appears in Arthropod Arthropodology . The usage is not homologous with that of vertebrate anatomy the term femur simply has been adopted by analogy and refers, where ... . The two basal segments preceding the femur are the Arthropod leg coxa and Arthropod leg trochanter ... . In Myriapoda Myriapodology another segment, the prefemur, connects the trochanter and femur ... neck or the shaft of the femur immediately below the lesser trochanter may be classified as a hip fracture ... of femur is always femoris , but in classical Latin the genitive is often feminis , and should not be confused ... Upper extremity of right femur viewed from behind and above. Image Gray244.png Right femur. Anterior surface. Image Gray245.png Right femur. Posterior surface. Image Gray341.png Left hip joint ... Deep muscles of the medial femoral region. Image Fumur Posterior annoted.png Posterior view. Image ... more details
This article is about medial in mathematics. For other uses, see medial disambiguation . Medial magmas In abstract algebra , a medial magma algebra magma or medial groupoid is a set with a binary operation which satisfies the identity mathematics identity math x cdot y cdot u cdot v x cdot u cdot y cdot ... denotes the same operation but has higher precedence. This identity has been variously called medial ... , Generalizations entropic etc. ref name Jezek http www.karlin.mff.cuni.cz jezek medial 03.jpg Historical comments J.Jezek and T.Kepka Medial groupoids Rozpravy CSAV, Rada mat. a prir. ved 93 2 1983 , 93 pp ref Any commutative semigroup is a medial magma, and a medial magma has an identity element if and only if it is a commutative monoid . Another class of semigroups forming medial magmas are the Band ... Medial magmas need not be associative for any nontrivial abelian group and integers math m n , replacing ... a medial magma which in general is neither associative nor commutative. Using the category theory categorial ... to mvar u mvar v , and math x u , y v to math x u y v . Hence, a magma mvar M is medial if and only ... be expressed in terms of a commutative diagram , and thus leads to the notion of a medial magma ... magma object . If mvar f and mvar g are endomorphism s of a medial magma, then the mapping math f ... Toyoda theorem The Bruck Toyoda theorem provides the following characterization of medial quasigroup ... of mvar A . It is not hard to prove that mvar A forms a medial quasigroup under this operation. The Bruck Toyoda theorem states that every medial quasigroup is of this form, i.e. is isomorphic ... pages 197 280 ref In particular, every medial quasigroup is isotopy of loops isotopic to an abelian group. Generalizations The term medial or more commonly entropic is also used for a generalization ... two operations satisfy a generalization of the medial identity. Let f and g be operations of arity ... of medial magmas References references Category Nonassociative algebra es Medial lgebra ... more details
, and descends to the summit of the Lateral condyle of femur lateral condyle . The medial is less marked ... upward. Lateral border and medial border The other two borders of the femur are only slightly marked ...Infobox Bone Name Body of femur Latin corpus femoris GraySubject 59 GrayPage 243 Image Gray244.png Caption Right femur. Anterior surface. Image2 Gray245.png Caption2 Right femur. Posterior surface. System MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre s 09 DorlandsSuf 12732595 The body of the femur or shaft , almost cylindrical in form, is a little broader above than in the center, broadest and somewhat flattened from before backward below. It is slightly arched, so as to be convex in front, and concave behind, where it is strengthened by a prominent longitudinal ridge, the linea aspera . It presents for examination three borders, separating three surfaces. Of the borders, one, the linea aspera, is posterior, one is medial, and the other, lateral. Linea aspera border The linea aspera is a prominent longitudinal ridge or crest, on the middle third of the bone, presenting a medial and a lateral lip, and a narrow ... to the base of the lesser trochanter and gives attachment to the pectineus the medial ridge is lost ... of the medial condyle, in a small tubercle, the adductor tubercle, which affords insertion to the tendon of the adductor magnus . From the medial lip of the linea aspera and its prolongations above ... prolongation above, and its medial prolongation below. Between the vastus lateralis and the adductor ... extremity of the lateral condyle the medial border from the intertrochanteric line , at a point opposite the lesser trochanter, to the anterior extremity of the medial condyle. Anterior surface The anterior surface includes that portion of the shaft which is situated between the lateral and medial ... origin. The medial surface includes the portion between the medial border and the linea aspera it is continuous above with the lower border of the neck, below with the medial side of the medial condyle ... more details
Head of femur can refer to Femur head Head of Femur band disambig Long comment to prevent listing on Special Shortpages.......................................................................... more details
lateral wall. Epicondyles Each condyle is surmounted by an elevation, the epicondyle . The medialepicondyle of the femurmedialepicondyle is a large convex eminence to which the tibial collateral ... to, and behind it is a rough impression which gives origin to the medial head of the Gastrocnemius . The lateral epicondyle of the femur lateral epicondyle , smaller and less prominent than the medial ...Infobox Bone Name Lower extremity of femur Latin GraySubject 59 GrayPage 243 Image Gray246.png Caption Lower extremity of right femur viewed from below. Image2 Gray348.png Caption2 Left knee joint from ... of the femur or distal extremity , larger than the upper extremity of femur , is somewhat cuboid ..., they project considerably and a deep notch, the Intercondylar fossa of femur , is present between them. The lateral condyle of femur lateral condyle is the more prominent and is the broader both in its antero posterior and transverse diameters, the medial condyle of tibia medial condyle is the longer and, when the femur is held with its body perpendicular, projects to a lower level. When, however, the femur is in its natural oblique position the lower surfaces of the two condyles lie ... axis of the lateral is almost directly antero posterior, but that of the medial runs backward ... cruciate ligament of the knee joint is attached to the lower and front part of the medial wall ... the knee is extended. Above and behind the lateral epicondyle is an area for the origin of the lateral head of the Gastrocnemius, above and to the medial side of which the Plantaris arises. Articular surface The articular surface of the lower end of the femur occupies the anterior, inferior, and posterior ..., the lateral of which is broader, more prominent, and extends farther upward than the medial ... portion of the lateral meniscus, and the medial part of the groove comes into contact with the medial ... intercondyloid eminence . The medial groove is less distinct than the lateral. It does not reach ... more details
Medial condyle can refer to Medial condyle of tibia Medial condyle of femur disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
Infobox Bone Name Femoral neck Latin collum femoris GraySubject 59 GrayPage 243 Image Gray243.png Caption Upper extremity of right femur viewed from behind and above. Image2 Gray244.png Caption2 Right femur. Anterior surface. System MeshName femur neck MeshNumber A02.835.232.043.650.247.510 DorlandsPre c 46 DorlandsSuf 12249489 The femur neck or neck of the femur is a flattened pyramidal process of bone, connecting the femur head femoral head with the body of femur femoral shaft , and forming with the latter a wide angle opening medialward. Angle of inclination The angle is widest in infancy, and becomes lessened during growth, so that at puberty it forms a gentle curve from the axis of the body of the bone. In the adult, the neck forms an angle of about 125 with the body, but this varies in inverse proportion to the development of the pelvis and the stature. The angle decreases during the period of growth, but after full growth has been attained it does not usually undergo any change, even in old age it varies considerably in different persons of the same age. In the female , in consequence of the increased width of the pelvis, the neck of the femur forms more nearly a right angle with the body than it does in the male . It is smaller in short than in long bones, and when the pelvis is wide. In addition to projecting upward and medialward from the body of the femur, the neck also projects somewhat forward the amount of this forward projection is extremely variable, but on an average is from 12 to 14 . Structure The neck is flattened from before backward, contracted in the middle, and broader laterally than medially. The vertical diameter of the lateral half is increased by the obliquity of the lower edge, which slopes downward to join the body at the level of the lesser trochanter, so that it measures one third more than the antero posterior diameter. The medial half is smaller and of a more circular shape. The anterior surface of the neck is perforated by numerous ... more details
Infobox Bone Name Femur head Latin caput femoris GraySubject 59 GrayPage 243 Image Gray243.png Caption Upper extremity of right femur viewed from behind and above. Image2 Caption2 System MeshName femur head MeshNumber A02.835.232.043.650.247.343 DorlandsPre c 08 DorlandsSuf 12211984 dablink For the band with the same name, see Head of Femur band . The femur head lang la caput femoris is the highest part of the thigh bone femur . It is supported by the neck of the femur. The head is globular and forms rather more than a hemisphere, is directed upward, medialward, and a little forward, the greater part of its convexity being above and in front. Its surface is smooth, coated with cartilage in the fresh state, except over an ovoid depression, the fovea capitis femoris , which is situated a little below and behind the center of the head, and gives attachment to the ligament of head of femur . If there is a fracture of the neck of the femur, the blood supply through the ligament becomes crucial. In orthopedic surgery , the head of the femur is important because it can undergo avascular necrosis and consequent osteochondritis dissecans . The head is removed in total hip replacement surgery. Additional images gallery Image Hueftgelenk gesund.jpg Radiograph of a healthy human hip joint Image Head of femur.jpg Gross pathology specimen of the head of the femur with some synovium attached at the bottom and the ligament attached at the top. Ruler in centimeters at left side. Image Gray244.png Right femur. Anterior surface. Image Gray341.png Left hip joint, opened by removing the floor of the acetabulum from within the pelvis. Image Gray436.png The Obturator externus. gallery External links ViennaCrossSection pembody body15a Bones of lower extremity Category Bones of the lower limb musculoskeletal stub es Cabeza femoral hu Combcsontfej sv L rbenshuvud ... more details
Tubercle of the femur can refer to Quadrate tubercle Adductor tubercle of femur disambig Short pages monitor This long comment was added to the page to prevent it from being listed on Special Shortpages. It and the accompanying monitoring template were generated via Template Long comment. Please do not remove the monitor template without removing the comment as well. ... more details
Infobox Bone Name Lateral epicondyle of the humerus Latin e. lateralis humeri GraySubject 51 GrayPage 212 Image Gray420.png Caption The Supinator . Lateral epicondyle labeled at upper right. Image2 Epicondyluslateralishumeri.png Caption2 Left elbow joint, showing posterior and radial collateral ligaments. Lateral epicondyle visible at center. System Precursor MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre e 11 DorlandsSuf 12336755 The lateral epicondyle of the humerus is a small, tuberculated eminence, curved a little forward, and giving attachment to the radial collateral ligament elbow radial collateral ligament of the elbow joint , and to a tendon common to the origin of the Supinator and some of the Extensor muscles. In birds , where the arm is somewhat rotated compared to other tetrapod s, it is termed dorsal epicondyle of the humerus . See also Medialepicondyle of the humerus Common extensor tendon Additional images gallery Image HumerusFront.png Left humerus. Anterior view. Image Gray210.png Plan of ossification of the humerus. Image Gray418.png Posterior surface of the forearm. Superficial muscles. Image Gray419.png Posterior surface of the forearm. Deep muscles. gallery External links SUNYAnatomyFigs 07 02 03 BiowebUW aplab Table of Contents Lab 04 Humerus 1 Humerus 1d humerus 1d.html aplab NormanAnatomy radiographsul NormanAnatomyFig xrayelbow Gray s Bones of upper extremity Category Upper limb anatomy musculoskeletal stub hu K ls k ny kdudor no Lateral epikondylitt pt Epic ndilo lateral do mero ro Epicondilul lateral al humerusului th ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name Medial meniscus Latin meniscus medialis GraySubject 93 GrayPage 343 Image Gray349.png Caption Head of right tibia seen from above, showing meniscus anatomy menisci and attachments of ligament s. Medial meniscus visible at left. Image2 Gray348.png Caption2 Left knee joint from behind, showing interior ligaments. System MeshName MeshNumber The medial meniscus anatomy meniscus is a fibrocartilage semicircular band that spans the knee joint medially, located between the medial condyle of femurmedial condyle of the femur and the medial condyle of tibia medial condyle of the tibia . ref name Platzer 208 Platzer 2004 , p 208 ref It is also referred to as the internal semilunar ... During rotational movements of the tibia with the knee flexed 90 degrees , the medial meniscus remains ... below. ref Thieme Atlas of Anatomy 2006 , p 399 ref Function The medial meniscus separates the tibia and femur to decrease the contact area between the bones, and serves as a shock absorber reducing ... movement in the knee and distribute load during movement. Injury Acute injury to the medial meniscus fairly often accompanies an injury to the ACL anterior cruciate ligament or MCL medial collateral ligament . A person occasionally injures the medial meniscus without harming the ligaments. Healing of the medial meniscus is generally slow. Damage to the outer 1 3 of the meniscus will often fully heal, but the inner 2 3 of the medial meniscus has a limited blood supply and thus limited healing ... worse by obesity and high impact activity. The medial meniscus and the medial compartment are more .... Image Normal medial meniscus.jpg Normal medial meniscus gallery Notes reflist References cite ... isbn 1 58890 419 9 External links SUNYAnatomyFigs 17 07 06 eMedicineDictionary Medial meniscus NormanAnatomy ... no pic Medial Meniscus Tear Knee MR Gray s Joints of lower limbs Category Knee fa pt Menisco medial ... more details
wiktionary medialMedial is a mathematical identity in algebra Medial may also refer to A Medial graph in Knots and graphs Medial graph knots and graphs Medial axis , a property of a geometric shape Part of a syllable Medial and final syllable The second person or medial demonstrative The letter , the medial s A medial or central consonant A term meaning towards the centre in anatomical terms of location anatomy A term meaning toward the midline of the body in Human anatomical terms Anatomical directions Human anatomy One of a large number of specific anatomical terms, listed Special Prefixindex Medial here Polyhedra Medial deltoidal hexecontahedron , a polyhedron Medial disdyakis triacontahedron , a polyhedron Medial hexagonal hexecontahedron , a polyhedron Medial icosacronic hexecontahedron , a polyhedron Medial inverted pentagonal hexecontahedron , a polyhedron Medial pentagonal hexecontahedron , a polyhedron Medial rhombic triacontahedron , a polyhedron See also Special Prefixindex Medial All pages starting with Medial disambiguation da Medial de Medial ... more details
Medial cutaneous may refer to Medial cutaneous nerve of arm Medial cutaneous nerve of forearm Anterior cutaneous branches of the femoral nerve of the upper leg Medial sural cutaneous nerve of the lower leg Medial crural cutaneous branches of saphenous nerve Medial dorsal cutaneous nerve of the foot disambig ... more details
Medial pterygoid can refer to Medial pterygoid muscle Medial pterygoid plate disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
Medial border can refer to Medial border of scapula medial border of kidney disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
Infobox Bone Name Patellar surface of femur Latin facies patellaris femoris GraySubject 59 GrayPage 248 Image Gray246.png Caption Lower extremity of right femur viewed from below. Patellar surface visible at top center. Image2 Caption2 Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre f 01 DorlandsSuf 12352388 The articular surface of the lower end of the femur consists of the anterior, inferior, and posterior surfaces of the Condyle anatomy condyles . Its front part is named the patellar surface and articulates with the patella it presents a median groove which extends downward to the intercondyloid fossa and two convexities, the lateral of which is broader, more prominent, and extends farther upward than the medial. Gray s Bones of lower extremity Category Bones of the lower limb musculoskeletal stub ... more details
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