Redbones , Carmel Indians Melungeon IPAc en icon m l n d n respell m LUN j n is a term ... presented at Melungeon Heritage Association Third Union, 20 May 2000 at University of Virginia s College at Wise, Virginia, Accessed 14 Mar 2008 ref DNA testing of Melungeon descendants has been limited, but the Melungeon DNA Project , which has made its results public, so far shows overwhelming ... identified as Melungeon and considered so by researchers. Definition The ancestry and identity ... to North Carolina and Virginia. The U.S. census has a category for Melungeon, tabulated under Some Other ... of Appalachian families traditionally regarded as Melungeon are generally European American in appearance ... , or light skinned African American . Other Melungeon individuals and families are accepted as white ... is the lack of consensus on who should be included under the term Melungeon. Almost every contemporary author on this subject gives a slightly different list of Melungeon associated surnames .... Family lines have to be researched as not all families with these surnames are Melungeon . Not all ... are included under that designation. The original meaning of the word Melungeon is obscure see Etymology ... Melungeons. Over the generations, most individuals of the group called Melungeon were of European .... Instead, scholars have documented by a variety of historic records that the earliest Melungeon ... This source applies only to South Carolina, not to Virginia or North Carolina, the main places of Melungeon ... clarification which ancestors? Not long after, Collins and Gibson families identified as Melungeon ... use of the term Melungeon is found in the minutes of this church see Etymology below . ref name ... and North Carolina, the families crossed into Kentucky and Tennessee. The earliest known Melungeon ... Contemporary accounts documented that Melungeon ancestors were considered to be mixed race by appearance ... , but almost never as Indian. One family described as Indian was the Melungeon related Ridley ... more details
The Melungeon DNA Project is a genetic study of people who have Melungeon ancestors mostly in Hancock County, Tennessee and nearby areas of Kentucky according to historic records. Participants genealogical suitability for inclusion is determined by a group of Melungeon researchers. The study was started in 2005 by Jack Goins, author of Melungeon And Other Pioneer Families . Goins is of Melungeon ancestry and has done extensive research on the group. Participants must descend in a direct paternal line for the Y chromosome testing, or a maternal line for the Mitochondrial DNA mtDNA testing. The Melungeon DNA Project volunteer administrator has no commercial affiliation with any profit making organization and receives no compensation for services or expenses involved with the project. Group 1 Core Melungeon At present, Bunch , Goins, Gibson surname Gibson , Minor surname Minor , Collins surname Collins , Williams surname Williams , Goodman surname Goodman , Denham, Bowlin, Mullins surname Mullins , Moore surname Moore , Shumake, Boltons , Perkins , Mornings, Menleys, Breedlove , Hopkins and Mallett , and name variations, have been designated core families by the project organizers. More names may be added as this is an ongoing research project, and these names will be in Group 1 . Group 2 Melungeon related. If the above names are in the participant s family but are not in a direct line to enable Y DNA or mtDNA testing, participants will be placed in Group 2 Melungeon related. Preliminary results of the Core Melungeon DNA Project are available here http www.familytreedna.com public coremelungeon index.aspx?fixed columns on Y line Results http www.familytreedna.com public coremelungeon mtDNA results To summarize, most individuals tested to date have been shown to have Y and or mtDNA haplogroups that are considered Western Europe European and or African . Y DNA R1b is predominant in Western European countries of U.K., Ireland, Spain, Netherlands, and Portugal. It also hovers ... more details
Chestnut Ridge may refer to Chestnut Ridge, Bedford County , a mountain ridge in Bedford County, Pennsylvania Chestnut Ridge, New York , a village in the United States Chestnut Ridge Park , in Orchard Park, New York Chestnut Ridge people , a Melungeon community residing near Philippi, West Virginia, USA Chestnut Ridge Laurel Highlands , in the Laurel Highlands of southwestern Pennsylvania Chestnut Ridge Aberdeen, Maryland , is a home on the National Register of Historic Places Disambig de Chestnut Ridge ... more details
The Carmel Indians pronounced Car mul are a group of Melungeon s who have lived in Highland County, Ohio Highland County in the southwestern part of the U.S. state of Ohio . They are descendants and relatives of the Melungeons of Kentucky , also a group of mixed race ancestry. Anthropologists described both groups as among the little races and as tri racial isolates . ref http eric.ed.gov ERICWebPortal custom portlets recordDetails detailmini.jsp? nfpb true& &ERICExtSearch SearchValue 0 EJ070417&ERICExtSearch SearchType 0 no&accno EJ070417 Edgar T. Thompson, The Little Races , American Anthropologist , 74, 5, 1295 13, Oct 1972 , accessed 29 Jul 2008 ref The Carmel Indians migrated from Kentucky to Ohio during the 19th century. The mixed race Melungeons often called themselves Native Americans in the United States American Indians , as did people outside the group, who tried to explain their physical characteristics. This was one way they could evade some of the racial barriers of Antebellum era antebellum and post Civil War years. Outsiders called them Indians to explain aspects of the differences between their appearance and that of their mostly European neighbors. ref http www.melungeon.org node 111 Springer, Craig, The Saga of the Carmel Indians , Country Living , August 2006, 32 33 ref They found an adaptive way to evade some of the pressures that intensified in some areas after the Civil War of the binary division of society into black and white races. As Paul Heinegg 1997 has documented, the earliest ancestry of eight of the nine common names among the Melungeons in Magoffin County, Kentucky , go back to African Americans free in Virginia before the American Revolution . Most of the free African Americans were children of early unions between white women, indentured ... presented at Melungeon Third Union, May 2002, University of Virginia s College at Wise, Virginia ... and Donald B. Ball, North from the Mountains A Folk History of the Carmel Melungeon Settlement ... more details
No footnotes date May 2010 Lisa Alther born July 23, 1944 in Kingsport, Tennessee is an United States American author and novelist . Her first name is pronounced as if it were spelled Liza . Biography She graduated from Wellesley College with a B.A. in English literature in 1966. After a brief time in the publishing industry, she moved to Hinesburg, Vermont to raise her daughter. According to Ms. Alther, she wrote two novels, a host of short stories, and received hundreds of rejection slips between age 16 and 30, before Kinflicks was accepted for publication. Alther is the author of five novels, Kinflicks , Original Sins , Other Women , Bedrock , Five Minutes In Heaven , and Washed in the Blood, as well as a small number of published short stories and many magazine articles. Alther s most recent book, published in spring 2007, is a nonfiction work titled Kinfolks Falling Off the Family Tree the Search for My Melungeon Ancestors ISBN 1 55970 832 8 . Bibliography Kinflicks 1975 Original Sins 1981 Other Women 1985 Bedrock novel Bedrock 1990 Five Minutes In Heaven 1995 Kinfolks Falling Off the Family Tree Kinfolks Falling Off the Family Tree the Search for My Melungeon Ancestors 2007 Washed in the Blood 2011 Reviews Other Women briefly noted in The New Yorker 60 49 21 January 1985 94 See also Melungeon External links http www.lisaalther.com Lisa Alther Official Home Page http www.artvt.com writers alther p altherbio.htm An Autobiographical Essay http www.artvt.com writers alther p altherintrws.htm An Interview with Lisa Alther wikiquote Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata Persondata NAME Alther, Lisa ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION Novelist DATE OF BIRTH July 23, 1944 PLACE OF BIRTH Kingsport, Tennessee Kingsport , Tennessee , United States DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Alther, Lisa Category 1944 births Category Living people Category People from Kingsport, Tennessee Category American novelists Category American short story writers Category Wellesley Colleg ... more details
Sealock is a proper family name surname that originated within the continental United States . This surname is relatively rare. ref http www.ancestry.com learn facts fact.aspx?fid 7&ln Sealock Sealock Family History Facts 1920 Bot generated title ref ref http www.ancestry.com learn facts fact.aspx?&fid 6&ln Sealock Sealock Families Living in England and Wales in 1891 Bot generated title ref Ancestry of the Sealock family points in various directions including England , Ireland , Scotland , Prussia , Belgium . Genetic testing of Sealock family members and research such as the Melungeon DNA Project suggests at least tri racial or Melungeon heritage among those on the East Coast of the US. Several versions of family stories exist that say Thomas the immigrant arrived in America as an orphaned small child and did not know his last name. Someone, perhaps the ship s captain, gave him the surname Sealock, or child of the sea. Thomas married Susannah Cooper in 1763 in Chester County, Pennsylvania. They later moved to Loudoun County and Fauquier County, Virginia. Their known children were James, John, William, Thomas, Samuel, Robert, and Mary. Descendants of this family are outlined in The Sealock Story Kendrick Grant Jackson & Joan D. Hackett, 2000 which can be found in several libraries. While it is known that Thomas, the immigrant, did not live where Melungeons settled, at least some of his descendants did. A male descendant of William Sealock, son of the immigrant Thomas, had an ethnic DNA test taken ref http www.AncestryByDNA.com ref in October, 2007. Test 121151 observed 40 European ancestry 25 Middle Eastern 20 Native American 8 North African and 7 South Asian. This mixture is common for a Melungeon profile. As a result, further DNA testing is needed to specify those genetic components that derive from Thomas, the immigrant, and those that are the result of the family s blended American heritage. A female descendant of this same William Sealock, through a different li ... more details
8 1 Jan. 2008 47 66 ref About the same time appeared Suddenly Melungeon Reconstructing Consumer Identity ... Suddenly Melungeon Reconstructing Consumer Identity across the Color Line, Consumer Culture Theory ... dnaconsultants.com Melungeon index.htm Melungeon DNA Project under Phyllis Starnes. The company sells ... American, Jewish and Melungeon versions of its DNA Fingerprint Plus are available. For the DNA ..., public genealogy site with forums on African, European, Jewish, Melungeon, Native American and other ... more details
but three lived on The Ridge. ref cite book title My Melungeon Depot , Pittsburgh Post Gazette date ... that interracial mixture that many Melungeon societies purport to exist. Also detailed in his book is the record ... more details
Melungeon s, nearly 60 of American families reporting Black Dutch tradition bear surnames that are either ... January 2012 ref Melungeon The first known appearance of the word Melungeon also spelled Melungin in U.S. ... Minor, Gibson, and Collins. Through other records, these have come to be considered core Melungeon surnames. The meaning and origin of the term Melungeon have been debated, and people have often claimed ... who clustered around Newmans Ridge in Hancock County, Tennessee were classified as Melungeon by a Nashville ... Cherokee wife. The journalist Drumgoole is credited with popularizing many elements of the Melungeon ... core Melungeon families, as documented in the Melungeon DNA Project coordinated by Jack Goins, have ... States families with a Black Dutch tradition. See also Melungeon Black Irish Ramapo Mountain ... to the Melungeon , Part 1, 2000, reprinted at Patrin Web Journal http happytrails 2.tripod.com sitebuildercontent ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name AgriDustrial Type Album Artist Legendary Shack Shakers Cover Agri dustrial.png Released April 13, 2010 Recorded 2009, Nashville, Tennessee Nashville , Tennessee Genre Psychobilly Length Label Colonel Knowledge Producer Mark Robertson bassist Mark Robertson Last album Swampblood 2007 This album AgriDustrial br 2010 Next album Album ratings rev1 Allmusic rev1score Rating 4 5 ref name AMG cite web first J. last Poet title Review AgriDustrial url Allmusic class album id r1738138 pure url yes publisher Allmusic accessdate 14 April 2010 ref Automatically generated by DASHBot AgriDustrial is an LP album LP released by the Legendary Shack Shakers on April 13, 2010. ref http www.jambase.com Articles 21568 Legendary Shack Shakers Album.Tour.Free Download JamBase ref Track listing Melungeon Melody 0 34 Sin Eater 3 13 Sugar Baby 1 57 Nightride The Ballad of the Black Patch Riders 2 36 Dixie Iron Fist 2 31 Two Tickets to Hell 2 57 God Fearing People 2 56 Greasy Creek 2 03 Hammer and Tongs 4 04 Hog Eyed Man 1 54 Dump Road Yodel 2 11 Hoboes Are My Heroes 3 18 Everything I Ever Wanted to Do... 2 43 The Hills of Hell 1 42 The Lost Cause 2 34 Killswitch 0 42 Personnel Colonel J.D. Wilkes vocals, harmonica, banjo, piano, organ, Jew s harp Mark Robertson slap and bowed upright bass, electric bass, guitar, background vocals Duane Denison guitar, Prepared guitar prepared guitar Brett Whitacre drums and percussion References reflist 2000s rock album stub Category 2010 albums ... more details
, a community located near the heart of Melungeon country amidst the Blackwater Creek Valley. Over ... structures as a historic site. In 2000, the 19th century log cabin belonging to Melungeon moonshine ... Presbyterian Church, completed in 1899 In the early 19th century, prominent early Melungeon settler ... Melungeon moonshiner Mahala Mullins 1824&ndash 1898 . Mullins was inflicted with elephantiasis , which ... size they were unable to arrest her. ref Jim Callahan, Lest We Forget The Melungeon Colony of Newman ... more details
of people of Melungeon ancestry, who are believed to be of mixed European, African, and Native American heritage. The Vardy Community School , which provided state mandated education for Melungeon children ..., Mattie Ruth 1997 . My Melungeon Heritage A Story of Life on Newman s Ridge . Johnson City, Tennessee ... more details
Infobox Ethnic group group Brass Ankles image poptime Unknown popplace Orangeburg County and surrounding counties, eastern United States langs English language English rels Predominantly Baptist related Melungeon , Lumbee Indians , African American , Beaver Creek Indians , whites The Brass Ankles of South Carolina were a tri racial isolate group that lived in the area of Orangeburg County, South Carolina Orangeburg , Berkeley County, South Carolina Berkeley , and Charleston County, South Carolina Charleston counties in South Carolina in the 18th, 19th, and early 20th centuries. They had a combination of African, European, and Native American ancestry. Although the individuals were of mixed ancestry, state records, such as death certificates, required classification as one race. The segregated states of the South forced people into the categories of white and black after the American Civil War as in earlier times, this discounted and denied people s own identification as Native American or mixed race. Less frequently they were classified as Croatan . For some time, the federal census classified classified people of the group as mulatto , but this category was dropped in 1930. Their surnames included Jackson, Chavis, Bunch, Driggers, Sweat, Williams, Russell, and Goins, some of which have been represented in other mixed race groups, such as the Melungeons in Kentucky and Tennessee. Over time, people of mixed race identified with and married more frequently into one or another group, becoming part of the white, black or the Beaver Creek Indians community, for instance. Numerous people of mixed race have lived in a section of Orangeburg County near Holly Hill, South Carolina Holly Hill , called Crane Pond. The term brass ankles generally has been considered derogatory, as it was applied to those of mixed ancestry who were accused of passing racial identity passing as white, even if they had more white ancestry than black. ref name Bo1 http news.google.com newspapers?nid ... more details
orphan date April 2010 The Turks of South Carolina are a group of people related to the Moors Sundry Act of 1790 Free Moors of South Carolina and the Brass Ankles , who lived near Stateburg, South Carolina . It is believed these people come from a Middle East ern background. ref cite book last Taylor first Rosser H. title Ante Bellum South Carolina A Social and Cultural History location Chapel Hill publisher University of North Carolina Press year 1942 ref History One of the first mentions of the group is by General Thomas Sumter , when they served under him. ref name Sass cite book last Sass first Herber Ravenel title The Story of the South Carolina Low Country Volume II location West Columbia publisher JF Hyer Publishing Co. year 1956 ref General Sumter gave land to Scott and Joseph Benenhaly the original surname is believed to have been Ben Ali near his plantation after the American Revolution . ref name Sass The Turks of South Carolina today include surnames other than Benenhaly, including Oxendine, Scott, Hood, and Ray. ref cite web url http listsearches.rootsweb.com th read SCROOTS 2004 10 1096856861 title SCRoots L Archives accessdate July 9, 2011 ref It is documented in genealogy records that quite a few of their ancestors married American Indians. There has also been intermarriage between them and other mixed groups of South Carolina, like the Brass Ankles. See also Melungeon References Reflist Further reading cite book last Ray first Celeste coauthors James G. Thomas, Jr. title The New Encyclopedia of Southern Culture location Jackson publisher University of Mississippi Press year 2007 cite journal first Calvin last Trillin title U.S. Journal Sumter County, S.C. Turks journal The New Yorker date March 8, 1969 page 104 url http www.newyorker.com archive 1969 03 08 1969 03 08 104 TNY CARDS 000289901 ixzz0e94oeOXI Category Ethnic groups in South Carolina Category People from South Carolina Category African Native American relations Category Turkish diaspora ... more details
Hancock County GR 6 . History Before European settlement around 1795, the area was settled by the Melungeon .... Melungeon s, a so called tri racial isolate , were also historically present in this area. Image Sneedville ... more details
Richard McCulloch born 1949 is an United States American author who has written several books advocating racial independence. Theories A noted white nationalist , McCulloch coined the phrase declaration of racial independence in his 1994 book The Racial Compact . In this book he stated that every race had a requirement for its own exclusive racial territory or homeland, its own independent and sovereign government . ref name Sexton2008 McCulloch has given his views in the monthly American Renaissance , published by the New Century Foundation . In a 1995 article on Separation for Preservation , he said there was evidence that a multiracial society is detrimental to the interests of European Americans , going on to say that Separation ... is necessary for White racial preservation . ref name Valencia2010 He is the author of The Racial Compact , a website that advocates racial pride and maintenance of racial purity . ref name Winkler2005 In his 2005 book on the Melungeon s, Walking Toward The Sunset The Melungeons Of Appalachia , Wayne Winkler notes that McCullogh espouses views that seem dated to many Americans today, but were widely held in the not to distant past ... since then, the idea of racial purity has been largely but not completely discredited . ref name Winkler2005 As late as 2005, McCulloch s writings were being promulgated by F reningen f r Folkens Framtid FFF , a Swedish people Swedish neo Nazi networks. ref name Sexton2008 Bibliography In English cite book title The ideal and destiny author Richard McCulloch publisher McClain Print. Co. year 1982 ISBN 096089280X cite book title Destiny of angels author Richard McCulloch publisher Towncourt Enterprises year 1986 ISBN 0960892818 cite book title The Nordish quest author Richard McCulloch publisher Towncourt year 1989 ISBN 0960892826 cite book title The racial compact a call for racial rights, preservation, and independence author Richard McCulloch publisher Towncourt year 1994 ISBN 0960892834 Swedish trans ... more details
unreferenced date January 2009 Powell Mountain or Powells Mountain is a mountain ridge of the Ridge and valley Appalachians of the Appalachian Mountains . It is a long and narrow ridge, running northeast to southwest, from about Norton, Virginia to near Tazewell, Tennessee . It separates the Clinch River basin and the Powell River Virginia Powell River basin of Powell Valley . Its elevation averages between 1,500 to 2,500 feet 457 to 762 meters , with its highest points above 3,000 feet 914 meters . The highest point is Bowling Knob 3,557 feet, 1,084 meters , near the northern end of the mountain. Powell Mountain is about 60 miles long 97 km . It is broken by one stream only, the North Fork Clinch River . North of the river, the mountain is less well defined as a ridge and merges with Stone Mountain Virginia Stone Mountain and other mountains near the headwaters of Powell River. The southern part of Powell Mountain is paralleled on the south by Newman Ridge and Stone Ridge. Between Powell Mountain and these ridges is Snake Hollow and the headwaters of Blackwater Creek. This area is known for its historic Melungeon population. Powell Mountain is crossed by U.S. Route 58 , called Daniel Boone Trail Highway . The original Wilderness Road crossed the mountain nearby, at Kanes Gap. Beside the large water gap of the North Fork Clinch River, there are numerous wind gap s. Some of the named gaps, from south to north, include Fugate Gap, Gibson Gap, Mulberry Gap used by State Route 63 , Bryson Gap, Sally Gap, Hunter Gap used by State Route 70 , Kanes Gap, Elisha Lick Gap, and Beaverdam Gap. South to North Description Powell Mountain s southern end is in Claiborne County, Tennessee . On the north side of the mountain flows Little Sycamore Creek, and on the south side, Big Sycamore Creek. The two join just south of the end of Powell Mountain, then flowing into the Clinch River and Norris Lake the reservoir behind Norris Dam . To the northeast, Powell Mountain crosses Hanc ... more details
This is a list of topics related to the African diaspora Black Diaspora . Pan African right African American topics sidebar right Overview Black people African diaspora Black Diasporans by region Americas North America African American African immigrants Afro American peoples of the Americas Afro Mexican Atlantic Creole Bahamian American Barbadian American Black Belt U.S. region Black Canadians Black Indians in the United States Black Nova Scotians Black Seminoles Dominican American Dominickers Foreign born Afro Americans Gullah Haitian American Haitian Canadian Jamaican American Jamaican Canadian Louisiana Creole people Nigerian American Trinidadian American Trinidadian Canadian Melungeon Central & South America Afro Latin American Afro Latino Afro Argentine Afro Brazilian Afro Bolivian Afro Colombian Afro Ecuadorian people Afro Guyanese Afro Peruvian Belizean Kriol people Black ladino s Cimarron people Panama Garifuna people Palenquero Pardo Caribbean West Indies Afro Caribbean leftism Afro Caribbean Afro Cuban Afro Trinidadian and Tobagonian Demographics of Barbados Barbados Demographics of the Bahamas Bahamas Dominica Demographics of the Dominican Republic Dominican Republic Haiti Jamaicans of African ancestry Maroon people Maroons Papiamento Black history in Puerto Rico Puerto Rico Asia Afro Asian Lashar Makrani Siddi Europe Italians of African descent Afro Greeks Afro Greeks Afro French Afro Germans Portuguese of Black African ancestry Black British Africans in Europe Black people in Ireland British African Caribbean community Oceana ref name BBSRC http www3.imperial.ac.uk newsandeventspggrp imperialcollege newssummary news 23 9 2011 10 41 8 Aboriginal Australians descend from the first humans to leave Africa, DNA sequence reveals , Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BBSRC . ref Indigenous Australians Negrito History Pre Columbian Africa Americas contact theories African American history COINTELPRO Arab slave trade Atlantic slave trade Barb ... more details
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