Orphan date April 2012 Microsatellite enrichment is a method in molecular biology used for enriching the amount of Microsatellite genetics microsatellite sequences in a DNA sample. This can be achieved by designing oligonucleotide probes that hybridize with the repeats in the microsatellites and then pull out the probe microsatellite complexes from the solution. ref cite journal author Kaukinen KH, Supernault KJ, and Miller KM year 2004 title Enrichment of tetranucleotide microsatellite loci from invertebrate species journal Journal of Shellfish Research volume 23 issue 2 page 621 ref This has been shown to be a cost effective method to sample the genetic diversity in non model organisms. ref name pmid21676207 cite journal last Jennings first TN coauthors Knaus, BJ, Mullins, TD, Haig, SM, Cronn, RC title Multiplexed microsatellite recovery using massively parallel sequencing. journal Molecular ecology resources date 2011 06 16 pmid 21676207 ref References Reflist Category Molecular biology techniques ... more details
Cleanup date April 2008 Microsatellite genetics Microsatellites are repeated sequences of DNA. Although the length of these microsatellites is highly variable from person to person, each individual has microsatellites of a set length. These repeated sequences are common, and normal. The most common microsatellite in humans is a dinucleotide repeat of CA, which occurs tens of thousands of times across the genome. Image Microsatellite Instability in GeneMarker.jpg thumb 400px Example of Microsatellite Instability in a DNA Electropherogram Trace In cells with mutations in DNA repair genes, however, some of these sequences accumulate errors and become longer or shorter. The appearance of abnormally long or short microsatellites in an individual s DNA is referred to as microsatellite instability. Microsatellite instability MSI is a condition manifested by damaged DNA due to defects in the normal DNA repair process. ref MeshName Microsatellite Instability ref Sections of DNA called Microsatellite genetics microsatellite s, which consist of a DNA sequence sequence of repeating units of 1 6 base pair s in length, become unstable and can shorten or lengthen. Microsatellites are also known as simple sequence repeats SSRs . Clinical significance MSI is a key factor in several cancers including colorectal, endometrial, ovarian and gastric cancers. Colorectal cancer studies have demonstrated two mechanisms for MSI occurrence. The first is in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer HNPCC or Lynch Syndrome, where an inherited mutation in a mismatch repair gene causes a microsatellite repeat replication error to go unfixed. Most cases result in changes in the lengths of dinucleotide repeats of the nucleobase s cytosine and adenine sequence CACACACACA... . ref cite pmid 10321739 ref The replication error results in a frameshift mutation that inactivates or alters major tumor suppressor ... mismatch repair gene. In both cases, microsatellite insertions and deletions within tumor suppressor ... more details
disorders and cancer. Introduction One common example of a microsatellite is a CA sub n ... at a microsatellite locus, genotype s within Pedigree chart pedigree s are often fully informative ... year 1995 title An Evaluation of Genetic Distances for Use With Microsatellite Loci journal ... microsatellites have an increased or decreased density of SNPs depending on the microsatellite sequence ..., M.S., Parsons, M., Lacaille, V. & Lotz, S. year 1996 title Use of microsatellite loci to classify ... through the microsatellite. This process results in production of enough DNA to be visible on Agarose ... Freeman, New York ref With the abundance of PCR technology, primers that flank microsatellite loci are simple ... sequence repeat SSR, a.k.a. microsatellite locus. Samples have been run on a 5 polyacrylamide gel and visualized using silver staining. Creation of microsatellite primers If searching for microsatellite ... can be designed manually. This involves searching the genomic DNA sequence for microsatellite repeats ... oligonucleotide primers which will amplify the specific microsatellite repeat in a PCR reaction. Random microsatellite primers can be developed by cloning random segments of DNA from the focal species ... labelled oligonucleotide sequences that will hybridize to a microsatellite repeat, if present ... locus . This process involves significant trial and error on the part of researchers, as microsatellite ... and Evolution volume 11 pages 424 429 doi 10.1016 0169 5347 96 10049 5 ref Microsatellite loci are widely ... involve using oligonucleotide sequences consisting of repeats complementary to repeats in the microsatellite to enrich the DNA extracted Microsatellite enrichment . The oligonucleotide probe hybridizes with the repeat in the microsatellite, and the probe microsatellite complex is then pulled ... KJ, and Miller KM year 2004 title Enrichment of tetranucleotide microsatellite loci from invertebrate ... for inter simple sequence repeat is a general term for a genome region between microsatellite loci ... more details
ISSR may refer to International Society for Science and Religion Microsatellite genetics inter simple sequence repeat , a general term for a genome region between microsatellite loci. Institute of Statistical Studies and Research disambig ... more details
3CS may refer to 3CS , a radio station broadcasting in the South West Victoria 3 Corner Satellite , microsatellite project Letter NumberCombDisambig ... more details
Orphan date January 2011 infobox biodatabase title InSatDb logo File Database.png description Microsatellite genetics microsatellite s of fully sequenced insect genomes. scope organism insect s center laboratory author pmid PMID 17082205 released 2006 standard format url http www.cdfd.org.in insatdb download http cdfd.org.in INSATDB download.php download br http cdfd.org.in INSATDB msatform.php query based webservice sql sparql webapp standalone license versioning frequency curation bookmark version InSatDb is a database of Microsatellite genetics microsatellite s of Genome sequencing sequenced insect genomes ref cite journal quotes yes last Archak first Sunil authorlink coauthors Meduri Eshwar, Kumar P Sravana, Nagaraju J year 2007 month Jan title InSatDb a microsatellite database of fully sequenced insect genomes journal Nucleic Acids Res. volume 35 issue Database issue pages D36 9 publisher location England issn pmid 17082205 doi 10.1093 nar gkl778 bibcode oclc id url pmc 1634736 language eng format accessdate laysummary laysource laydate quote ref See also Microsatellite genetics microsatellite References references External links http www.cdfd.org.in insatdb Category Entomology Category Insects Category Biological databases Category Genetics Category Repetitive DNA sequences Biodatabase stub ... more details
Orphan date January 2011 infobox biodatabase title SNPSTR logo File Database.png description microsatellite SNP markers. scope organism center laboratory Centre for Bioinformatics, Division of Molecular Biosciences, London, UK. author I Agrafioti pmid Agrafioti & al. 2007 ref name pmid17202172 released standard format url http www.imperial.ac.uk theoreticalgenomics data software download webservice sql sparql webapp standalone license versioning frequency curation bookmark version SNPSTR is a database of Snpstr s a Microsatellite genetics microsatellite with one or more tightly linked Single nucleotide polymorphism SNP s . ref name pmid17202172 cite journal quotes yes last Agrafioti first I authorlink coauthors Stumpf M P H year 2007 month Jan title SNPSTR a database of compound microsatellite SNP markers journal Nucleic Acids Res. volume 35 issue Database issue pages D71 5 publisher location England issn pmid 17202172 doi 10.1093 nar gkl806 bibcode oclc id url pmc 1899107 language eng format accessdate laysummary laysource laydate quote ref References references See also Snpstr Short tandem repeat Microsatellite genetics Microsatellite Single nucleotide polymorphism External links http www.imperial.ac.uk theoreticalgenomics data software Biodatabase stub Category Biological databases Category Repetitive DNA sequences ... more details
Orphan date January 2011 infobox biodatabase title UgMicroSatdb logo File Database.png description Microsatellite genetics microsatellites from UniGene unigenes . scope organism center laboratory author Veenu Aishwarya pmid Aishwarya & al. 2008 ref name pmid17947328 released 2007 standard format url http veenuash.info web1 index.htm. download webservice sql sparql webapp standalone license versioning frequency curation bookmark version UgMicroSatdb UniGene Microsatellite genetics Microsatellites database is a database of Microsatellite genetics microsatellites present in uniGene ref name pmid17947328 cite journal quotes yes last Aishwarya first Veenu authorlink coauthors Sharma P C year 2008 month Jan title UgMicroSatdb database for mining microsatellites from unigenes journal Nucleic Acids Res. volume 36 issue Database issue pages D53 6 publisher location England issn pmid 17947328 doi 10.1093 nar gkm811 bibcode oclc id url pmc 2238862 language eng format accessdate laysummary laysource laydate quote ref . See also Microsatellite genetics Microsatellites Unigene References references External links http veenuash.info web1 index.htm Category Biological databases Category Genetics Category Repetitive DNA sequences Biodatabase stub ... more details
Orphan date January 2011 infobox biodatabase title MICdb logo File Database.png description prokaryotic Microsatellite genetics microsatellites . scope organism prokaryote s center laboratory author pmid Vattipally B Sreenu 2003 & al. ref name pmid12519959 released standard format url http www.cdfd.org.in micas download webservice sql sparql webapp standalone license versioning frequency curation bookmark version MICdb Microsatellites database is a database of non redundant microsatellites from prokaryotic genomes. ref name pmid12519959 cite journal quotes yes last Sreenu first Vattipally B authorlink coauthors Alevoor Vishwanath, Nagaraju Javaregowda, Nagarajaram Hampapathalu A year 2003 month Jan title MICdb database of prokaryotic microsatellites journal Nucleic Acids Res. volume 31 issue 1 pages 106 8 publisher location England issn pmid 12519959 bibcode oclc id url pmc 165449 language eng format accessdate laysummary laysource laydate quote doi 10.1093 nar gkg002 ref References references See also InSatDb Microsatellite genetics Microsatellite External links http www.cdfd.org.in micas Biodatabase stub Category Biological databases Category Repetitive DNA sequences Category Genetics ... more details
A SNPSTR is a compound genetic marker composed of one or more Single nucleotide polymorphism SNP s and one microsatellite Short tandem repeat STR . SNPSTRs were first described by MOUNTAIN et al. 2002 ref Mountain J.L., Knight A., Jobin M., Gignoux C., Miller A., Lin A.A., Underhill P.A. SNPSTRs empirically derived, rapidly typed, autosomal haplotypes for inference of population history and mutational processes. Genome Res. 2002 12 1766 1772. ref who developed experimental protocols for autosomal SNPSTRs which contain a SNP and a microsatellite within 500 base pairs of one another. More recently a Snptstr database database that contains all SNPSTRs in five model genomes, including human, has been created. ref AGRAFIOTI I AND STUMPF MPH 2007 SNPSTR a database of compound microsatellite SNP markers Nucleic Acids Research 35 Database issue 71 75. ref Usage and Importance There has been widespread and growing interest in genetic markers suitable for drawing population genetic inferences about past demographic events and to detect the effects of selection. Single nucleotide polymorphisms Single nucleotide polymorphism SNP s and Microsatellite genetics microsatellites or short tandem repeats, STRs have received great attention in the analysis of human population history, even though they have both disadvantages. It was thus suggested that the combination of these two markers could give rise to better conclusions See also Population genetics Biological database References Reflist Category Repetitive DNA sequences Category Genetics ... more details
Multiple issues orphan March 2012 unreferenced March 2011 notability March 2011 In human genetics, Haplotype 35 , also called ht35 or the Armenian Modal Haplotype, is a Y chromosome haplotype of Y STR Microsatellite genetics microsatellite variations, associated with the Haplogroup R1b Y DNA Haplogroup R1b . It is characterized by DYS393 12 as opposed to the Atlantic Modal Haplotype , another R1b haplotype, which is characterized by DYS393 13 . The members of this haplotype are found in high numbers in Anatolia and Armenia , with smaller numbers throughout Central Asia , the Middle East, the Balkans, the Caucus Mountains, and in Jewish populations. They are also present in Britain in areas that were found to have a high concentration of Haplogroup J, suggesting they arrived together, perhaps through Roman soldiers. See also Modal haplotype Haplotype Haplogroup Haplogroup R1b Y DNA Haplogroup R1b List of Y STR markers External links http freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com gallgaedhil haplo r1b ht35 analysis.htm Haplogroup R1b Haplotype 35 Category Human Y DNA modal haplotypes ... more details
The PRRCA gene codes for the proline rich coiled coil 2A, also known as BAT2 . The BAT cluster of genes is found near the genes for TNF alpha and beta. PRRCA can be found in the human major histocompatibility complex class III region, found on chromosome 6 in humans and chromosome 17 in mouse. This gene has Microsatellite genetics microsatellite repeats which are associated with the age at onset of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus IDDM and possibly thought to be involved with the inflammatory process of pancreatic beta cell destruction during the development of IDDM. This gene is also a candidate gene for the development of rheumatoid arthritis . ref name entrez cite web title PRRC2A proline rich coiled coil 2A Homo sapiens url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov gene 7916 publisher Entrez gene accessdate 22 July 2011 ref References reflist gene 6 stub Category Genes on chromosome 6 ... more details
Tiung SAT is the first Malaysia n Microsatellite genetics microsatellite . ref cite book url http directory.eoportal.org get announce.php?an id 7701 chapterurl http directory.eoportal.org presentations 887 7470.html title Observation of the Earth and Its Environment Survey of Missions and Sensors chapter TiungSat author Herbert Kramer isbn 3 540 42388 5 publisher Springer Verlag ref The satellite is developed through the technology transfer and training programme between Astronautic Technology Sdn Bhd ATSB Malaysia and Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd., United Kingdom . Tiung SAT 1 was launched aboard Dnepr rocket from Baikonur Cosmodrome , Kazakhstan on 26 September 2000. ref cite news url http www.spaceref.com news viewpr.html?pid 2696 title Third satellite launch this year for SSTL TiungSAT 1 in orbit publisher Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd date September 27, 2000 ref References reflist External links http nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov nmc masterCatalog.do?sc 2000 057D NSSDC ID 2000 057D , NSSDC Master Catalog http space.skyrocket.de doc sdat tiungsat 1.htm Tiungsat 1 MySat 1, Oscar 46, MO 46 , skyrocket.de http www.n2yo.com satellite ?s 26548 TIUNGSAT 1 Satellite details 2000 057D NORAD 26548 , N2YO.com Category Artificial satellites orbiting Earth spacecraft stub es TiungSat 1 pt Tiung SAT ... more details
variation in their lengths. Classes of VNTRs There are two principal families of VNTRs Microsatellite genetics microsatellite s and minisatellite s. The former are repeats of sequences less than about .... VNTRs with very short repeat blocks may be Microsatellite instability unstable dinucleotide ... of 4 base pairs. See also Tandem repeat Short tandem repeat Microsatellite genetics Microsatellite ... swan index.html TandemSWAN http www.biophp.org minitools microsatellite repeats finder demo.php Microsatellite ... more details
cleanup date January 2011 In the study of DNA sequence s, one can distinguish two main types of repeated sequence Tandem repeat s Satellite DNA Minisatellite Microsatellite genetics Microsatellite Interspersed repeat s short interspersed nuclear element SINEs S hort I nterspersed N uclear E lements long interspersed nuclear element LINEs L ong I nterspersed N uclear E lements In primates, the majority of LINEs are LINE 1 and the majority of SINEs are Alu sequence Alu s . In prokaryotes, CRISPR are arrays of alternating repeats and spacers. Other types of repeats Note The following are covered in detail in Computing for Comparative Microbial Genomics . ref name Ussery2008 cite book title Computing for Comparative Microbial Genomics Bioinformatics for Microbiologists chapter Word Frequencies, Repeats, and Repeat related Structures in Bacterial Genomes series Computational Biology volume 8 pages 133 144 first1 David W. last1 Ussery first2 Trudy last2 Wassenaar first3 Stefano last3 Borini publisher Springer edition 1 date 2008 12 22 isbn 978 1 84800 254 8 ref Direct repeat s Global direct repeat Local direct simple repeats Local direct repeats Local direct repeats with spacer Inverted repeat s Global inverted repeat Local inverted repeat Inverted repeat with spacer Palindromic repeat Mirror and everted repeats leave blank until filled out Tandem repeats Interspersed repeats Repetitions in several organisms Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Human See also Eukaryotic chromosome fine structure References reflist External links MeshName DNA Repetitious Region Repeated sequence DEFAULTSORT Repeated Sequence Dna Category Repetitive DNA sequences genetics stub cs Repetitivn DNA de Repetitive DNA eo Ripetiva DNA fr S quence r p t e it Sequenza ripetuta di DNA ja pt Sequ ncia repetitiva DNA sr zh ... more details
In human genetics , the Atlantic Modal Haplotype AMH or haplotype 15 is a Y chromosome haplotype of Y STR Microsatellite genetics microsatellite variations, associated with the Haplogroup R1b Y DNA Haplogroup R1b . It was discovered prior to many of the Single nucleotide polymorphism SNPs now used to identify subclades of R1b and references to it can be found in some of the older literature. It corresponds most closely with subclade R1b1a2a1a 1 L11 . The AMH is the most frequently occurring haplotype amongst human males in Atlantic Europe . It is characterized by the following marker allele s DYS388 12 DYS390 24 DYS391 11 DYS392 13 DYS393 13 DYS394 14 also known as DYS19 It reaches the highest frequencies in the Iberian Peninsula and in Great Britain and Ireland . In the Iberian Peninsula it reaches 70 in Portugal as a whole, more than 90 in Norte Region, Portugal NW Portugal and nearly 90 in Galicia Spain Galicia NW Spain , while the highest value is to be found among Spanish Basques . One mutation in either direction, would be AMH 1.15 . The AMH 1.15 set of haplotypes is also referred to as the Atlantic Modal Cluster or AMC. See also Modal haplotype Haplotype Haplogroup Haplogroup R1b Y DNA Haplogroup R1b List of Y STR markers External links http www.duerinck.com define.html Some Haplotype Definitions http www.worldfamilies.net Tools r1b ydna in europe.htm Some Variations of DYS390 http www.pnas.org cgi reprint 98 9 5078.pdf A PNAS article on AMH and variations on the British Isles Category Human Y DNA modal haplotypes ... more details
Short tandem repeat STR analysis is a molecular biology method used to compare specific Locus genetics loci on DNA from two or more samples. A short tandem repeat is a Microsatellite genetics microsatellite , consisting of a unit of two to thirteen nucleotides repeated hundreds of times in a row on the DNA strand. STR analysis measures the exact number of repeating units. This method differs from Restriction fragment length polymorphism restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis RFLP since STR analysis does not cut the DNA with restriction enzymes. Instead, probes are attached to desired regions on the DNA, and a polymerase chain reaction PCR is employed to discover the lengths of the short tandem repeats. Forensic uses STR analysis is a tool in Forensic genetics forensic analysis that evaluates specific STR regions found on nuclear DNA . The variable polymorphic nature of the STR regions that are analyzed for forensic testing intensifies the discrimination between one DNA profile and another. ref cite web url http www.ncjrs.gov pdffiles1 nij 194197.pdf title Using DNA to Solve Cold Cases accessdate 2006 08 08 author National Commission on the Future of DNA Evidence last first authorlink coauthors date year 2002 month July format pdf work publisher U.S. Department of Justice pages language archiveurl archivedate ref Forensic science takes advantage of the population s variability in STR lengths, enabling scientists to distinguish one DNA sample from another. For example, the likelihood that any two individuals except identical twins will have the same 13 loci DNA profile can be as high as 1 in 1 billion or greater. The Federal Bureau of Investigation FBI has chosen 13 specific STR loci to serve as the standard for CODIS. The purpose of establishing a core set of STR loci is to ensure that all forensic laboratories can establish uniform DNA databases and, more importantly, share valuable forensic information. If the forensic or convicted offender CODIS index i ... more details
This article was auto generated by User Polbot . Taxobox name Waterhouse s Leaf nosed Bat image status LR lc status system IUCN2.3 regnum Animalia phylum Chordata classis Mammalia ordo Chiroptera familia Phyllostomidae genus Macrotus species M. waterhousii binomial Macrotus waterhousii binomial authority Gray, 1843 synonyms Waterhouse s Leaf nosed Bat Macrotus waterhousii is a species of bat in the family Phyllostomidae . It is found in Bahamas , Cayman Islands , Cuba , the Dominican Republic , Guatemala , Haiti , Jamaica , Mexico , and Puerto Rico . Waterhousii is also a big eared Bat which has ranges from Sonora to Hidalgo Mexico , south to Guatemala and the Greater Antilles excluding Puerto Rico and Bahamas . ref name foo This species roosts primarily in caves, but also in mines and buildings. This species is also insectivorous see insectivore , primarily consuming insects of the order Lepidoptera and Orthoptera . ref name foo Murray, Kevin L., Theodore H. Fleming, Michael S. Gaines, and Dean A. Williams. Characterization of Polymorphic Microsatellite Loci for Two Species of Phyllostomid Bats from the Greater Antilles Erophylla Sezekorni and Macrotus Waterhousii . Molecular Ecology Resources 8 2008 596 98. Print. ref Another interesting fact about M. waterhousii is their mating and parturition times and how they vary from island to island with 4 5 months gestation . ref name foo References Reflist Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. http www.iucnredlist.org search details.php 12653 all Macrotus waterhousii . http www.iucnredlist.org 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 30 July 2007. Murray, Kevin L., Theodore H. Fleming, Michael S. Gaines, and Dean A. Williams. Characterization of Polymorphic Microsatellite Loci for Two Species of Phyllostomid Bats from the Greater Antilles Erophylla Sezekorni and Macrotus Waterhousii . Molecular Ecology Resources 8 2008 596 98. Print. Phyllostomidae P. DEFAULTSORT Waterhouse s Leaf Nosed Bat Category Macrotus Ca ... more details
The Vitis International Variety Catalogue VIVC is a database of various species and variety botany varieties cultivar s of grapevine , the genus Vitis . VIVC is administered by the Geilweilerhof Institute for Grape Breeding Institut f r Rebenz chtung Geilweilerhof in Siebeldingen , Germany , and contains information from grapevine collections existing in various institutes of viticulture around the world. As of April 2009, the information in the database brought together information from 130 institutions located in 45 countries, ref cite web title Vitis International Variety Catalogue, Available Information url http www.vivc.de default.php?value 122 publisher Institut f r Rebenz chtung Geilweilerhof accessdate 2010 07 01 ref and contains about 18,000 entries. ref cite web title Datenbanken Rebe url http www.bafz.de baz2006V4 index.php?id 518 publisher Institut f r Rebenz chtung Geilweilerhof language German accessdate 2009 04 11 ref The database was started in 1983, and has been available online since 1996. ref cite web title Vitis International Variety Catalogue, History of the database url http www.vivc.de default.php?value 120 publisher Institut f r Rebenz chtung Geilweilerhof accessdate 2010 07 01 ref Its initial creation was supported by the International Organisation of Vine and Wine and the International Board for Plant Genetic Resources , a forerunner of Bioversity International . The purpose of the VIVC database is to provide documentation on available grapevine genetic resources, and to be a source of information to grape breeders, viticultural researchers and others. The information on grape cultivars in VIVC includes basic characteristics of the cultivars, holding institutes, plant passport passport data, and all known synonyms, which are quite numerous for many grape cultivars. In some cases, photos and genetic information Microsatellite genetics microsatellite information used for DNA profiling are included. References Reflist External links http www.v ... more details
Infobox grape variety name Parraleta color Red image caption species Vitis vinifera origin Spain regions Somontano wines Parraleta is a Spain Spanish red wine grape that is grown in Somontano . History The origin of Parraleta is uncertain, other than it seems to have appeared in Somontano. It was considered to be synonymous with Graciano , but this has been disproven, although there is sufficient similarity to suggest a possible parental relationship. ref name Montaner et al 2004 C. Montaner, J. P. Mart nb, J. Casanovaa, C. Mart a, D. Bad aa, F. Cabelloc and J. M. Ortiz. Application of microsatellite markers for the characterization of Parraleta an autochthonous Spanish grapevine cultivar. Scientia Horticulturae Volume 101, Issue 3, 10 September 2004, Pages 343 347 ref Distribution and Wines Appears to be produced only in DO Somontano , where its importance has declined from 22 of the planted area in 1975 to only 0.2 in 2002. ref name Montaner et al 2004 C. Montaner, J. P. Mart nb, J. Casanovaa, C. Mart a, D. Bad aa, F. Cabelloc and J. M. Ortiz. Application of microsatellite markers for the characterization of Parraleta an autochthonous Spanish grapevine cultivar. Scientia Horticulturae Volume 101, Issue 3, 10 September 2004, Pages 343 347 ref It is reported to produce wines with good colour, structure, acidity and fragrance. Vine and Viticulture Parraleta is a low yielding variety ref name Johnson & Robinson pg 195 H. Johnson & J. Robinson The World Atlas of Wine , 5th ed., pg 195 Mitchell Beazley 2001 ISBN 1840003324 ref with small to medium and moderately compact bunches. References Reflist Category Red wine grape varieties Category Spanish wine ... more details
Orphan date February 2011 no footnotes date January 2011 infobox spacecraft Name TET 1 NSSDC ID tbd Satellite Of Earth Organisation German Aerospace Center Mission Type Technology Demonstration Launch tbd Launch Site Baikonur Cosmodrome Carrier Rocket Soyuz FG Soyuz Fregat Payload 11 Experiments Orbit regime Low Earth orbit Low Earth orbit altitude 550 kilometer Major Contractors Kayser Threde Kayser Threde GmbH image TET 1 EMCTest.jpg thumb TET 1 in the EMC testchamber TET 1 T echnologie e rprobungs t r ger, Technology Experiment Carrier is a Miniaturized satellite microsatellite program of the German space agency German Aerospace Center . It is the centre of the OOV On Orbit Verification Program, initiated to offer on orbit verification possibilities to the German industrial and scientific aerospace community. Two satellites have been planned for the program TET 1, starting 2010, and an optional TET 2, with a launch date of 2011. TET is based on the satellite bus used for the microsatellite BIRD launched in 2001. The main contractor for Phase A feasibility was de IABG IABG . The final contract for Phases B, C, and D definition qualification, and production and start was given to Kayser Threde Kayser Threde GmbH , a medium sized aerospace company based in Munich belonging to the German OHB System group. The environmental qualification was successfully conducted in the IABG space simulation centre in Munich. Launch is planned as a secondary payload on board a Soyuz FG Soyuz Fregat from Baikonur . Due to problems of the main passengers Kanopus Belka , launch was further delayed until May 2012. External links http www.dlr.de rd desktopdefault.aspx tabid 2274 3396 read 5085 Technologieerprobungstr ger TET information on DLR website http www.kayser threde.com tet Kayser Threde GmbH TET 1 logbook Category Artificial satellites orbiting Earth Category 2012 in spaceflight Category Germany in space de TET Satellit TET 1 ... more details
Spirale is a French government programme to develop an early warning system which will use infrared satellite imagery to detect the flights of ballistic missile s during their boost phase, just after launch. ref cite web url http www.astrium.eads.net families security satellite defence systems military missile futuredefnce spirale title Spirale Keeping an eye on security publisher Astrium ref SPIRALE is an acronym which stands for Syst me Pr paratoire Infra Rouge pour l ALErte , literally infrared preparatory system for alert . The demonstrator system includes two convert 120 kg Miniaturized satellite microsatellite s and an alert and monitoring ground segment. The satellites have been launched by Ariane 5 on 12 February 2009. References reflist Orbital launches in 2009 Category Missile defense Category 2009 in spaceflight Category French space program France spacecraft stub de Spirale Satellit fr SPIRALE satellite ... more details
For another Hungarian wine grape also known as Keknyelu Furmint K knyel is a white Hungarian wine grape wine grape planted primarily in the Badacsony region near Lake Balaton . The grape produces body wine full bodied , smokey wines. ref name Robinson pg 112 J. Robinson Jancis Robinson s Wine Course Third Edition pg 112 Abbeville Press 2003 ISBN 0 7892 0883 0 ref It was assumed to be identical with the Italian grape variety Picolit . ref name VIVC http www.vivc.de datasheet dataResult.php?data 5852 Picolit , Vitis International Variety Catalogue , accessed 2010 12 03 ref But in 2006 isoenzymes and microsatellite analyses have confirmed that this two cultivars are different. ref name G. Jahnkea, J. Korbulyb, J. M jera and J. Gy rffyn Moln ra http www.sciencedirect.com science article pii S0304423807001975 Discrimination of the grapevine cultivars Picolit and K knyel with molecular markers ref References reflist DEFAULTSORT Keknyelu Category White wine grape varieties wine grape stub de K knyel fr K knyel hu K knyel nl K knyel ... more details
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