Militarydoctrine is the concise expression of how military forces contribute to Military campaign campaign ... common ways of accomplishing military tasks. Doctrine links theory, history, experimentation, and practice. Its objective is to foster initiative and creative thinking. Doctrine provides the military ... lexicon for use by military planners and leaders. Defining doctrine NATO s definition of doctrine ... Militarydoctrine is a formal expression of military knowledge and thought, that the army accepts ... Air University staff study in 1948 defined militarydoctrine functionally as those concepts, principles ... Army , May 2005, p.165 ref The Soviet Dictionary of Basic Military Terms defined militarydoctrine ... and the use of the armed forces in them... Militarydoctrine has two aspects social political and military technical. ref Moscow Voenizdat, 1965, quoted in William Odom , Soviet MilitaryDoctrine, Foreign ... under various names were subsequently published. Formal British MilitaryDoctrine was first .... France The development of militarydoctrine in France came about in the aftermath of the nation ... 3, 2008 ref Instead, doctrine seeks to provide a common conceptual framework for a military service ... all three levels of warfare. Doctrine reflects the judgments of professional military officers, and to a lesser ... s own organization ref Barry Posen Posen, Barry . The Sources of MilitaryDoctrine France, Britain ... potential military power into successful operations. Militarydoctrine by country China Expand section date May 2008 People s Republic of China Chinese militarydoctrine is influenced by a number ... grand strategy . Currently Chinese militarydoctrine is in a flux, but recently some PLA generals .... What is unique about PRC s militarydoctrine is that it sees everything as a weapon. This reference ... , the Chinese militarydoctrine is to maintain a nuclear force allowing it to respond to a nuclear ... 4289 9319 3 ref blockquote Germany See also Mission type tactics German militarydoctrine incorporates ... more details
MilitarydoctrineMilitaryDoctrine of the Russian Federation is one of the main strategic planning documents ... protection of Russia. The most recent edition of the militarydoctrine was signed by President of Russia President Dmitry Medvedev on 5 February 2010. ref name Russia s new militarydoctrine approved cite web url http rt.com Politics 2010 02 05 russia militarydoctrine approved.html title Russia s new militarydoctrine approved accessdate 6 February 2010 ref Numerous successive Military Doctrines ... 1997 and October 1999. Militarydoctrine in the Russian sense, however, extends beyond discussion ... of Russia s MilitaryDoctrine Draft , Voennaya Mysl, May 1992, JPRS UMT 92 008 L, 16 June 1992 ... and the new, evolving security environment. ref Charles Dick, The MilitaryDoctrine of the Russian .... A new militarydoctrine only entered into force in November 1993, and was not made fully public ... wished to conceal controversial or discreditable intentions. ref Charles Dick, The MilitaryDoctrine ... of weapons of mass destruction, and terrorism. ref The Basic Provisions of the MilitaryDoctrine of the Russian ... extremely difficult to achieve. 2000 MilitaryDoctrine Both in the 1992 draft and in the 1993 official ... April 2000. ref Text of MilitaryDoctrine of the Russian Federation, approved by a presidential ... threats remained virtually the same. ref Dr S Main, Russia s MilitaryDoctrine, CSRC Occasional Brief ... and nations. ref Draft MilitaryDoctrine of the Russian Federation, Krasnaya Zvezda , 9 October 1999, p.3 4 FBIS Translation, Section 1.1. ref 2010 MilitaryDoctrine Russia s 2010 militarydoctrine defines itself as strictly defensive. ref name Russian president approves new militarydoctrine cite ... http news.kremlin.ru ref notes 461 Militarydoctrine of the Russian Federation text russian http ... changing its militarydoctrine accessed January 18, 2007. Conflict Studies Research Centre , http ... reports on Russian militarydoctrine DEFAULTSORT MilitaryDoctrine Of Russia Category Military ... more details
http indianarmy.nic.in indianarmy.nic.in Cold Start is a militarydoctrine developed by the Indian ...Infobox military unit unit name Indian Army image Image Flag of Indian Army.svg centre 150px Flag of the Indian ... branches of India s military conducting offensive operations as part of unified Battlegroup army battle groups . The Cold Start doctrine is intended to allow India s conventional forces to perform ... of this doctrine. ref http www.indiatogether.org 2004 may fah coldstart.htm ref Origins India s defense ... preventing India from conducting a retaliatory strike. Development of Cold Start doctrine File T 55 .... The development of this doctrine represents a significant change in Indian defense planning. Exercises ... to the development of the Cold Start doctrine. Despite the advances, this doctrine remains ... Army s New Limited War Doctrine ref Drawing on the experience of the Six day war Arab Israeli war ... envisioned a new doctrine. It would involve limited, rapid armored thrusts, with infantry and necessary ..., we have been improving our systems with respect to mobilization, but our basic military posture is defensive. ref http www.indianexpress.com news no cold start doctrine india tells us 679273 ref In January ... doctrine popularly referred to as Cold Start . There is nothing like Cold Start. But we have ... . Pakistan further conducted a large scale military exercise name Azm e Nau 3, focusing on their capability ... www.chowrangi.com azm e nau 3 largest military exercise by pakistan army.html ref ref http www.pakistankakhudahafiz.com ... solid fueled missile of 60 km range, to dissuade India from following the Cold start doctrine ... India s Cold Start doctrine with concern and that the Nasr is meant to deter India s launch of Cold ... from Pakistan will be massive IAF chief articleshow 9370406.cms ref Validation of Doctrine On May ... of the operation was to cut down mobilization time of military, which took 27 days to mobilize ... standard.com india news armys cold start doctrine gets teeth 443539 ref During Oct Dec, 2011 Indian ... more details
DEFAULTSORT U.S. MilitaryDoctrine For Reconnaissance Category United States Department of Defense doctrine ... to regiment al brigade , division military level, corps corps level commands. It is usually ... emplacement , and the Military reserve force reserve elements of the enemy committed forces. ref ... of a committed force or component the Division military division , corps , or field army level , the force ... the battlespace. While almost every front line military unit is sometimes assigned to do limited .... of the Army location isbn page pages url http www.globalsecurity.org military library policy army fm ... more details
fare. The typical example is Militarydoctrine tactical doctrine in which a standard set of maneuvers, kinds of troops and weapons are employed as a default approach to a kind of attack. Examples of militarydoctrine s include Blitzkrieg of World War II Guerre de course Hit and run tactics Alfred Mahan Mahanian of late 19th up to mid 20th century Manhunt military Manhunting doctrine , or assured individual destruction Reagan Doctrine of the Cold War Shock and Awe Soviet deep battle of World War II Trench warfare of World War I Almost every military organization has its own doctrine, sometimes written, sometimes unwritten. Some military doctrines are transmitted through training programs. More recently, in modern peacekeeping operations , which involve both civilian and military operations, more comprehensive not just military doctrines are now emerging such as the 2008 United Nations peacekeeping ... Capstone Doctrine ref which speaks to integrated civilian and military operations. Political A policy ...For the PHP object relational mapping framework Doctrine PHP Refimprove date May 2008 Wiktionary Doctrine ... . ref http www.wordiq.com definition Doctrine ref Often doctrine specifically connotes a Wikt corpus corpus of religious dogma as it is promulgated by a church, but not necessarily doctrine is also ... of past decisions, such as the doctrine of self defense , or the principle of fair use , or the more narrowly applicable first sale doctrine . In some organizations, doctrine is simply defined as that which ... doctrine s include Christian Trinity and Virgin Birth Christian doctrine Virgin birth Christian Original ... Grace Hinduism The Doctrine of epoch or Yuga Jainism The Doctrine of Postulation or Sy dv da Buddhist Doctrine One department of the Roman Curia is called the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith . ref http www.britannica.com EBchecked topic 167462 Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith ... of government and politics . ref http www.vatican.va roman curia index.htm ref Military ... more details
The Powell Doctrine is a journalist created term, named after General Colin Powell in the run up to the 1990 1991 Gulf War . It is based in large part on the Weinberger Doctrine , devised by Caspar Weinberger , former United States Secretary of Defense Secretary of Defense and Powell s former boss. The Powell Doctrine states that a list of questions all have to be answered affirmatively before military action is taken by the United States Is a vital national security interest threatened? Do we have a clear attainable objective? Have the risks and costs been fully and frankly analyzed? Have all other non violent policy means been fully exhausted? Is there a plausible exit strategy to avoid endless entanglement? Have the consequences of our action been fully considered? Is the action supported by the American people? Do we have genuine broad international support? ref http www.pbs.org newshour extra teachers lessonplans iraq powelldoctrine.html The Powell Doctrine Background, Application and Critical Analysis , Doug DuBrin, NewsHour Extra ref As Powell said in an April 1, 2009 interview on The Rachel Maddow Show TV series The Rachel Maddow Show , the Doctrine denotes the exhausting of all political, economic, and diplomatic means, which, only if those means prove to be futile, should a nation resort to military force. Powell has expanded upon the Doctrine, asserting that when a nation is engaging in war, every resource and tool should be used to achieve decisive force against the enemy .... This is well in line with Western military strategy dating at least from Carl von Clausewitz s On War . Citation needed date May 2010 The Doctrine has been used to compare the Vietnam War , the Gulf ... ref See also Bush Doctrine Pottery barn rule Reagan Doctrine Just War Weinberger Doctrine References ... Military doctrines Category Foreign policy doctrines of the United States Category 1990 in the United ... fr Doctrine Powell pl Doktryna Powella ru ... more details
The Brezhnev Doctrine lang ru , lang uk was a Soviet Union foreign policy , first and most clearly outlined by S. Kovalev in a September 26, 1968 Pravda article, entitled Sovereignty and the International Obligations of Socialist Countries. Leonid Ilych Brezhnev Leonid Brezhnev reiterated it in a speech at the Fifth Congress of the Polish United Workers Party on November 13, 1968, which stated When forces that are hostile to socialism try to turn the development of some socialist country towards capitalism , it becomes not only a problem of the country concerned, but a common problem and concern of all socialist countries. This doctrine was announced to retroactively ... , along with earlier Soviet military interventions, such as the Hungarian revolution of 1956 invasion ... bloc. Implicit in this doctrine was that the leadership of the Soviet Union reserved, for itself, the right to define socialism and capitalism . Following the announcement of the Brezhnev Doctrine, numerous ... and to further ensure inter state cooperation. The principles of the doctrine were so broad that the Soviets even used it to justify their military intervention in the non Warsaw Pact nation of Soviet war in Afghanistan Afghanistan in 1979 . The Brezhnev Doctrine stayed in effect until it was finally ..., Prague and Warsaw Overcoming the Brezhnev Doctrine. Cold War History 1, no. 2 2001 103 118. ref and later refusal of Mikhail Gorbachev to use military force when Poland held free elections in 1989 ... named Sinatra Doctrine in 1989. See also Wikisourcepar2 Brezhnev Doctrine Text of Brezhnev s speech Truman Doctrine Johnson Doctrine Domino theory Cold War Gladio Ulbricht Doctrine Reagan Doctrine Soviet occupations Sinatra Doctrine References reflist Bibliography Ouimet, Matthew The Rise and Fall of the Brezhnev Doctrine in Soviet Foreign Policy. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill ... fr Doctrine Brejnev fy Brezjnev doktrine ko hr Bre njevljeva doktrina it Dottrina ... more details
Refimprove date November 2006 The Rumsfeld Doctrine , named after former United States Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld , is a neologism created by journalists Citation needed date September 2008 concerned with the perceived transformation of the military of the United States . It would be considered Rumsfeld s own take on RMA Revolution in Military Affairs . It seeks to increase force readiness and decrease the amount of supply required to maintain forces, by reducing the number in a theater. This is done mainly by using LAVs LAV Light Armoured Vehicles to scout for enemies who are then destroyed via airstrike s. The basic tenets of this military strategy are High technology combat systems Reliance on air forces Small, nimble ground forces. Afghanistan and the Iraq wars are considered the two closest implementations of this doctrine. Opposition Opponents argue that the doctrine entails a heavy reliance on air strikes to replace a lack of ground forces. Beginning with Saddam Hussein , there were at least 50 air strikes aimed at decapitating the Iraqi leadership. Not a single one was successful. However, there were extensive civilian casualties. ref http www.hrw.org reports 2003 usa1203 ref Opponents also claim that without ground troops to secure the border, top Baath Party Ba ... sufficient troops to guard the Iraqi military infrastructure, large amounts of munitions were looted ... Doctrine as one of just enough troops to lose . ref name Friedman cite news title Iraq Politics or Policy ... surge in Iraq , the influence of the Rumsfeld Doctrine seems to be declining. See also Powell Doctrine Revolution in Military Affairs Network centric warfare References reflist External links http www.businessweek.com magazine content 04 17 b3880048.htm Bruce Nussbaum Criticism of Rumsfeld Doctrine ... WSJ on 2520Rumsfeld 2520Doctrine.doc 22Rumsfeld Doctrine 22&hl en Greg Jaffe Take on the Rumsfeld Doctrine Foreign relations of the United States expanded DPC Category Foreign policy doctrines of the United ... more details
Onesource date June 2008 The Weinberger Doctrine was a list of points governing when the United States could commit troops in military engagements. The doctrine was publicly disclosed by U.S. Secretary of Defense Caspar Weinberger on November 28, 1984 in a speech entitled The Uses of Military Power delivered before the National Press Club USA National Press Club in Washington, D.C. The Weinberger Doctrine was an outgrowth of the collective lessons learned from the Vietnam War and the desire of the U.S. government to avoid such quagmires in the future. ref LaFeber, Walter. The Rise and Fall of Colin Powell. Political Science Quarterly. Vol. 124, No. 1 March, 2009 pp. 71 93. ref The Weinberger doctrine The United States should not commit forces to combat unless the vital national interests of the United ... should be committed only with clearly defined political and military objectives and with the capacity ... to the Weinberger Doctrine Two unconnected events led to Weinberger s speech. One was his wanting ... by any outside force. They further argued that any U.S. military contingent entered into the Lebanon ... forces Invasion of Grenada invaded Grenada after a pro Soviet military coup ousted the constitutional ... policy, Presidential powers, and the commitment of US military forces which may have precipitated articulation of the Weinberger Doctrine, was the legacy of the Vietnam War. From 1975 and the fall of South Vietnam to communist forces, U.S. foreign policy had avoided the use of military force, without .... Notably, the Secretary of State at the time of the Doctrine s publishing, George Shultz ... D.C. Potomac Books, Inc., 2008. ref See also Vietnam War Powell doctrine Bush doctrine References reflist External links http www.pbs.org wgbh pages frontline shows military force weinberger.html PBS.org transcript of The Uses of Military Power Foreign relations of the United States expanded DPC Category ... Category Presidency of Ronald Reagan fr Doctrine Weinberger uk ... more details
Unreferenced date October 2009 The Fukuda Doctrine was asserted by Japan ese Prime Minister Takeo Fukuda . In 1977, while on a tour of the ASEAN member states, the prime minister made a speech in Manila in which he articulated Japan s foreign policy that later became known as the Fukuda Doctrine. Prime Minister Fukuda pledged that Japan, a country committed to peace, would never become a military power and that Japan would build up relationship of mutual confidence and trust with Southeast Asia n countries in wide ranging fields, and that Japan would cooperate positively with ASEAN and its member countries in their own efforts, as an equal partner. The Fukuda Doctrine serves as the foundation of Japan s current and future diplomacy toward the rest of Asia. Category Foreign relations of Postwar Japan Category Foreign policy doctrines Category 1977 in Japan Category 1977 in international relations Japan gov stub ja zh ... more details
The phrase merger doctrine or doctrine of merger may refer to one of several legal doctrines Merger doctrine antitrust law Merger doctrine civil procedure Merger doctrine copyright law The merger doctrine in criminal law of lesser included offense s Merger doctrine family law Merger doctrine property law Merger doctrine trust law disambig Category Legal doctrines and principles ... more details
York Henry Holt, 2004 ref application of the Nixon Doctrine opened the floodgates of U.S. military aid to allies in the Persian Gulf, and helped set the stage for the Carter Doctrine and for the subsequent direct U.S. military involvement of the Gulf War and the Iraq War . Doctrine In Practice Both Nixonians and Contrarians argue that the Guam Doctrine may have masked other needs, intentions, and motives ...The Nixon Doctrine also known as the Guam Doctrine was put forth in a press conference in Guam on July 25, 1969 by President of the United States U.S. President Richard Nixon . He stated that the United States henceforth expected its allies to take care of their own military defense, but that the U.S. would aid in defense as requested. The Doctrine argued for the pursuit of peace through a partnership with American allies. In Nixon s own words Address to the Nation on the War in Vietnam November 3, 1969 ref cite web author Richard M. Nixon title President Nixon s Speech on Vietnamization date November 3, 1969 url http vietnam.vassar.edu doc14.html format reprint ref First, the United States will keep all of its treaty commitments. Second, we shall provide a shield if a nuclear power threatens .... Third, in cases involving other types of aggression, we shall furnish military and economic assistance ... directly threatened to assume the primary responsibility of providing the manpower for its defense. The doctrine was also applied by the Nixon administration in the Persian Gulf region, with military aid to Iran and Saudi Arabia . ref name time doctrine cite news url http www.time.com time magazine ... Doctrine date 2007 01 04 publisher Time magazine TIME ref According to author Michael Klare , ref ... J. Kimball title The Nixon Doctrine A Saga of Misunderstanding year 2006 journal Presidential Studies ... Nixon da Nixondoktrinen de Nixon Doktrin et Nixoni doktriin es Doctrina Nixon fr Doctrine Nixon ko it Dottrina Nixon hu Nixon doktr na nl Nixon doctrine ja no Nixon doktrinen pl ... more details
The Dahiya doctrine is a military strategy put forth by the Israeli general Gadi Eizenkot that pertains to asymmetric warfare in an urban setting, in which the army deliberately targets civilian infrastructure, as a means of inducing suffering for the civilian population, thereby establishing deterrence. ref name UN United Nations General Assembly, http www2.ohchr.org english bodies hrcouncil docs 12session A HRC 12 48.pdf Report of the United Nations Fact Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict , 25 09 2010 ref The doctrine is named after a Hizbullah stronghold in Beirut with large apartment buildings ... War The first public announcement of the doctrine was made by General Gadi Eizenkot , commander of the IDF ... immense damage and destruction. From our perspective, these are military bases. ... This isn t a suggestion ...&pg PA401&dq 22dahiya doctrine 22&hl en&ei v1mnTeaBL4TEswaI36j7Bg&sa X&oi book result&ct result&resnum ..., they are military bases, Maj. Gen. Eisenkot tells Yedioth Ahronoth ref Noting that Dahiya was the Shiite ... , Israeli journalist Yaron London wrote in 2008 that the doctrine, will become entrenched in our security ... makes several references to the Dahiya doctrine, calling it a concept which requires the application ... that the doctrine had been put into practice during the conflict. ref name UN Criticism The doctrine is defined in a 2009 report by the Public Committee Against Torture in Israel as follows The military approach expressed in the Dahiye Doctrine deals with asymmetrical combat against an enemy ... to the magnitude of the enemy s actions. The report further argues that the doctrine was fully ... Falk wrote that under the doctrine, the civilian infrastructure of adversaries such as Hamas or Hezbollah are treated as permissible military targets, which is not only an overt violation of the most elementary norms of the law of war and of universal morality, but an avowal of a doctrine of violence ... cs Doktr na Dah ja fr Doctrine Dahiya ... more details
. The Eisenhower Doctrine was a backflip against the previous policy, however, the US now had the burden of military action in the Middle East to itself. The military action provisions of the Doctrine ...The term Eisenhower Doctrine refers to a speech by President Dwight David Eisenhower on 5 January 1957, within a Special Message to the United States Congress Congress on the Situation in the Middle East . Under the Eisenhower Doctrine, a country could request American economic assistance and or aid from U.S. military forces if it was being threatened by armed aggression from another state ref Buescher, John. http teachinghistory.org history content ask a historian 23930 The U.S. and Egypt in the 1950s , http www.teachinghistory.org Teachinghistory.org , accessed August 20, 2011. ref . Eisenhower singled out the Soviet threat in his doctrine by authorizing the commitment of U.S. forces to secure and protect the territorial integrity and political independence of such nations, requesting such aid against covert armed aggression from any nation controlled by international communism. ref The Eisenhower Doctrine, 1957 see http www.state.gov r pa ho time lw 82548.htm ref In the global political context, the Doctrine was made in response to the possibility of a generalized war, threatened as a result of the Soviet Union s attempt to use the Suez War as a pretext to enter Egypt . Coupled with the power vacuum left by the decline of United Kingdom British and France French power in the region after the US protested against the conduct of their allies during the Suez War, Eisenhower felt that a strong position needed to better the situation was further complicated by the positions taken ... the Soviets. On the regional level, the intent was that the Doctrine would help to provide the independent ... Communist influence through isolation of Nasser. The doctrine largely failed on that front ... doktr na de Eisenhower Doktrin et Eisenhoweri doktriin fr Doctrine Eisenhower ko it Dottrina ... more details
Doctrine was rather quickly applied in Angola and Nicaragua, with the U.S. providing military ... areas of the world and by training military leaders in these regions, the Reagan Doctrine actually ... and military clout it held at the height of its influence in the late 1980s. End of Reagan Doctrine ... with the presidency of his son George W. Bush and the new Bush Doctrine , who increased military ... Doctrine was a strategy orchestrated and implemented by the United States under the Presidency ... the final years of the Cold War . While the doctrine lasted less than a decade, it was the centerpiece ... the Reagan Doctrine, the U.S. Covert U.S. regime change actions provided overt and covert aid to anti ... Soviet backed communist governments in Africa , Asia , and Latin America . The doctrine was designed ... strategy. History of U.S. Presidential doctrines The Reagan Doctrine followed in the tradition of President ... solutions to them. The practice began with the Monroe Doctrine of President James Monroe in 1823, and continued with the Roosevelt Corollary , sometimes called the Roosevelt Doctrine, introduced by Theodore ... with the 1947 Truman Doctrine , under which the U.S. provided support to the governments of Greece and Turkey .... The Truman Doctrine was followed by the Eisenhower Doctrine , the Kennedy Doctrine , the Johnson Doctrine , the Nixon Doctrine and the Carter Doctrine , all of which defined the foreign policy approaches .... Origins of the Reagan Doctrine Carter administration and Afghanistan Main Operation Cyclone ... of Soviet military vehicles in Kandahar Kandahar, Afghanistan destroyed by the U.S. backed mujahideen . At least one component of the Reagan Doctrine technically pre dated the Presidency of Ronald Reagan ... covert military assistance to Afghanistan s mujahideen , in an effort to drive the Soviets out of the nation, or at least raise the military and political cost of the Soviet war in Afghanistan Soviet ... to significantly expand Carter s Afghanistan policy into a more global doctrine, including U.S. ... more details
by any means necessary, including military force. This last, key sentence of the Carter Doctrine .... Finally, application of the Nixon Doctrine provided military aid to Iran and Saudi Arabia so that these U.S. ...File Jimmy Carter Library and Museum 98.JPG thumb right A document related to the Carter Doctrine The Carter Doctrine was a policy proclaimed by President of the United States Jimmy Carter in his State of the Union Address on January 23, 1980, which stated that the United States would use military force if necessary to defend its national interest s in the Persian Gulf region. The doctrine was a response ... oil. The Soviet effort to dominate Afghanistan has brought Soviet military forces to within 300 ... and political wisdom, economic sacrifice, and, of course, military capability. We must call on the best ... National Security Adviser . Brzezinski modeled the wording of the Carter Doctrine on the Truman Doctrine ... , author Daniel Yergin notes that the Carter Doctrine bore striking similarities to a 1903 Great Britain ... the Truman Doctrine , the Eisenhower Doctrine , and the Nixon Doctrine played roles in the formulation of the Carter Doctrine. The Truman Doctrine, which stated that the United States would send military aid to countries which were threatened by Soviet communism, was used to strengthen the security ... to the United States. ref harv Yergin 1991 p 428 ref The Eisenhower Doctrine in turn called for U.S. ... of the Carter Doctrine. ref harv Klare 2004 pp 33 45 ref In July 1979, in response to a 1979 energy ... States did not have significant military capabilities in the Persian Gulf region at the time the Carter Doctrine was proclaimed, the doctrine was criticized Who date May 2011 for being not backed ... called the Reagan Corollary to the Carter Doctrine , which proclaimed that the United States ... Iraq War . Thus, while the Carter Doctrine warned away outside forces from the region, the Reagan ... have argued that the implementation of the Carter Doctrine and the Reagan Corollary also played ... more details
of State John Quincy Adams , author of the Monroe Doctrine The Monroe Doctrine is a policy of the United ... requiring U.S. intervention. ref name The Monroe Doctrine 1823 United States Department of State ... Doctrine 1823 ref The Doctrine noted that the United States would neither interfere with existing European colonies nor meddle in the internal concerns of European countries. The Doctrine was issued ... President James Monroe first stated the doctrine during his seventh annual State of the Union Address ... Doctrine persisted with only minor variations for almost two centuries. Its primary objective ... that would make the New World a battleground for the Old. The doctrine put forward that the New ... ref Background Dexter Perkins wrote that the Monroe Doctrine was inspired by the Napoleonic Wars ... monarchism. In particular, the Holy Alliance authorized military incursions to re establish House of Bourbon ... books.google.com books?id FL G WdsCX0C&pg PA136&lpg PA136 ref The Doctrine The full document of the Monroe Doctrine is long and couched in diplomatic language, but its essence is expressed in two key ... monroe.htm The Monroe Doctrine U.S. Department of State, USInfo website, accessed 2 November 2011 ref ... colonization by any European powers. The second key passage, a fuller statement of the Doctrine, is addressed ... Doctrine 1823 We owe it, therefore, to candor and to the amicable relations existing between ... the United States. Effects of the Monroe Doctrine International Response Because the U.S. lacked both a credible navy and army at the time, the doctrine was largely disregarded internationally. ref name Brit1 However, the Doctrine met with tacit British approval, and the Royal Navy mostly enforced ... 2009 10 12 isbn 9780391041059 ref The Special Relationship The Monroe Doctrine was viewed as a precursor ... The reaction in Latin America to the Monroe Doctrine was undeniably upbeat. John Crow, author ... of his Military career of Sim n Bol var The Southern Campaign, Quito and Peru 1821 1824 last campaign ... more details
Doctrine was a policy set forth by the U.S. President Harry S. Truman in a speech ref http americanrhetoric.com ... that the U.S. would support History of Greece Greece and History of Turkey Turkey with economic and military ... Message to the Congress on Greece and Turkey The Truman Doctrine. Truman Library Public Papers, 12 ... Wiley Blackwell, 2002 pp 19 20 ref Harry S. Truman stated the Doctrine would be the policy of the United ... War, 1945 1953 2002 p 197 Denise M. Bostdorff, Proclaiming the Truman Doctrine 2008 p 51 ref ... money, but no military forces, to the region. The effect was to end the Communist threat, and in 1952 both countries Greece and Turkey joined NATO , a military alliance that guaranteed their protection. ref George McGhee, The U.S. Turkish NATO Middle East Connection How the Truman Doctrine and Turkey s NATO Entry Contained the Soviets in the Middle East, 1990 ref The Doctrine was informally .... ref Dennis Merrill, The Truman Doctrine Containing Communism and Modernity, Presidential Studies Quarterly ... in Germany provide the backdrop of escalating tensions for the Truman Doctrine the U.S. response ... Freeland, Richard M. title The Truman Doctrine and the Origins of McCarthyism publisher Alfred ... became known as the Truman Doctrine. To pass any legislation Truman needed the support of the History ... Turkish NATO Middle East Connection How the Truman Doctrine Contained the Soviets in the Middle East publisher St. Martin s Press year 1990 pages g. 21 ref The Truman Doctrine was the first in a series ... through the Marshall Plan and military containment by the creation of NATO in 1949. President Truman ... in military and economic aid. Increased American aid helped defeat the KKE, after interim defeats ... . Since British assistance to Turkey had ended in 1947, the U.S. dispatched military aid to ensure that Turkey would retain chief control of the passage. Turkey received 100 million in economic and military .... 9 3 pp 321 345 ref Long term policy and metaphor The Truman Doctrine underpinned American Cold ... more details
Schneider Doctrine was a political doctrine originally espoused by Chile an General Ren Schneider , which allowed the Chilean presidential election, 1970 election of Salvador Allende as President of Chile , and was the main ideological obstacle to a military coup d tat against him. Background General Ren Schneider was Chilean Army Army Commander in chief at the time of the Chilean presidential election, 1970 1970 Chilean presidential election , which were marginally won by Salvador Allende on September 4, 1970, and required a further congressional vote for ratification. At that time the prospect of Salvador Allende winning the Chilean presidency was highly controversial, particularly within the Chilean military, because of his Marxist ideology. In response to all the public calls that the military received to intervene in the electoral process and prevent Allende s election, General Schneider expressed a profound belief in the apolitical role of the military and a firm opposition to the idea of preventing Allende s inauguration by means of a coup d tat . As a constitutionalist, he wished to preserve the military s apolitical role. Doctrine image Prats Schneider Cheyre 2.jpg thumb right 250px General Ren Schneider . He first enunciated this doctrine at a General Staff meeting on July 23, 1970. He wanted to make clear that the armed forces are not a road to political power nor an alternative to that power. They exist to guarantee the regular work of the political system and the use of force for any other purpose than its defense constitute high treason . He reinforced his posture with a public message to the military on September 19, 1970, during the celebrations of Army day and in the midst of the campaign to obtain congressional ratification to Allende s marginal electoral victory, saying that there were no options that would invite the armed forces to undo what the politicians had wrought in Chile ref http www.gwu.edu nsarchiv NSAEBB NSAEBB8 ch16 03.htm Cable Transmissions ... more details
Doctrine Preemption, Military Primacy, New Multilateralism, and the Spread of Democracy. ref ... benefits of a decrease in military spending defense spending . The Reagan Doctrine was strongly ... test The Bush Doctrine is a phrase used to describe various related foreign policy principles ... 2001, the with us or against us policy on terror thirdly, a doctrine of pre emptive war, e.g. Iraq ... pundits would attribute different meanings to the Bush Doctrine , as it came to describe other elements ... to unilaterally pursue United States Foreign relations and military U.S. military interests ... National Security Council ref The phrase Bush Doctrine was rarely used by members of the Bush ... Doctrine, I would urge that person to consider the fate of the Taliban in Afghanistan, and of Saddam ...?id 28921 Vice President Tells West Point Cadets Bush Doctrine Is Serious , American Forces ... Doctrine were delineated in a document, the National Security Strategy of the United States ... statement of the doctrine. ref name NYT Opinion 20030413 cite news last Editorial Opinion title Aftermath The Bush Doctrine url http query.nytimes.com gst fullpage.html?res 9C04E0D8153BF930A25757C0A9659C8B63 ... accessdate 2008 09 12 ref ref name NYT Opinion 20020922 cite news last Opinion title The Bush Doctrine ... of Empire The Bush Doctrine url http www.motherjones.com commentary columns 2003 01 ma 205 01.html ... as a pretext for aggression. Components The Bush Doctrine has been defined as a collection of strategy ... foreign policy. ref name kaufmandef Two main pillars are identified for the doctrine preemptive strikes ... pbsdoctrine cite web url http www.pbs.org thinktank transcript1000.html title The Bush Doctrine work ... The Bush Doctrine url http www.chicagotribune.com news nationworld chi bush doctrinesep12,0,6804685.story ... thus in 2006, in a statement taken to reflect his view of the Doctrine s efficacy If I were rating ... discrete concept of the Bush Doctrine. According to the President, his doctrine consisted of four prongs ... more details
The Yoshida Doctrine , named after Japan s Occupied Japan post World War II Prime Minister of Japan Prime Minister Shigeru Yoshida , involved placing highest national priority on economic development , while simultaneously keeping a low diplomacy diplomatic profile. ref Beeson, Mark. 2001 . http eprint.uq.edu.au archive 00000730 01 mb quasi.pdf Japan and Southeast Asia The Lineaments of Quasi Hegemony, p. 4 of linked e reprint, citing Pyle, Kenneth B. 1998 Restructuring Foreign Policy and Defence Policy Japan, in McGrew, A. et al. 1998 . Asia Pacific in the New World Order, pp. 121 36. ref Yoshida s aim was to focus all available means on an economic recovery after World War II while leaving Japan s military defense to the United States . Repeated attempts by the United States to get Japan to increase its Defense budget of Japan military expenditure were rejected by Yoshida on the basis of Japan s pacifist postwar constitution, in particular Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution Article 9 under which Japan renounces war as a sovereign right of the nation and the threat or use of force as means of settling international disputes. Thanks to this policy of focusing on trade and technological advances, Yoshida envisioned a speedy economic recovery through which Japan would be able to once again become a major world power at which point Japan would be in a position to rearm . His policy was thus not rooted in pacifism but was in line with the Realism international relations realist foreign policy that s been a dominating force in Japan s approach to international relations since the Meiji Restoration . Its traditional goal has been to capitalize on the trends of international politics in order to increase Japanese influence and standing throughout the world. The Yoshida Doctrine was the basic tenet of Japan s foreign policy throughout the Cold War . See also Foreign policy doctrine Fukuda Doctrine Notes reflist References Rodan, Garry, Hewison, Kevin and Robison, Richard ... more details
image Paul Wolfowitz.jpg thumb Paul Wolfowitz, co author of the eponymous doctrine. Wolfowitz Doctrine is an unofficial name given to the initial version of the Defense Planning Guidance for the 1994 99 fiscal years dated February 18, 1992 authored by Undersecretary of Defense for Policy U.S. Undersecretary of Defense for Policy Paul Wolfowitz and his deputy Scooter Libby . Not intended for public release, it was leaked to The New York Times on March 7, 1992, and sparked a public controversy about U.S. foreign and defense policy. The document was widely criticized as imperialist as the document outlined a policy of unilateralism and pre emptive military action to suppress potential threats from other nations and prevent any other nation from rising to superpower status. Such was the outcry that the document was hastily re written under the close supervision of U.S. Secretary of Defense Dick Cheney and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Colin Powell before being officially released on April 16, 1992. Although the initial release was denounced at the time it was leaked, many of its tenets have since re emerged in the Bush Doctrine . Doctrine articles Superpower status The doctrine ... primacy The doctrine establishes the U.S s leadership role within the new world order. The U.S. must ... could result. Unilateralism The doctrine downplays the value of international coalitions. Like the coalition ... emptive intervention The doctrine stated the U.S s right to intervene when and where it believed ... selectively those security problems that threaten our own interests. Russian threat The doctrine ... the conventional forces of the states formerly comprising the Soviet Union retain the most military ... military power in Eurasia and the only power in the world with the capability of destroying the United ..., Ukraine and the other republics of the former Soviet Union. Oil The doctrine clarified the strategic ... , March 2003. Applying the Wolfowitz Doctrine post the September 11 attacks Hijacking Catastrophe ... more details
see also Predestination Calvinism Doctrine of Election , the doctrine that the salvation of a man depends on the election of God for that end, of which there are two chief phases one is election to be Christ s, or unconditional election or Doctrine of Free Will , and the other that it is election in Christ, or conditional election. In its proper theology theological sense, the Doctrine of Election is monergism monergistic as opposed to synergism synergistic . Nuttall Christian theology stub Category Christian theology ... more details
cleanup nocat true date March 2011 The Obama Doctrine is a term frequently used to describe one or several unifying principles of the foreign policy of Barack Obama . Unlike the Monroe Doctrine , the Obama Doctrine is not a specific foreign policy introduced by the executive, but rather a phrase used ... to speculate on what the exact tenets of an Obama Doctrine might look like. Generally speaking, it is accepted that a central part of such a doctrine would emphasize negotiation and collaboration ... by some as a welcome change from the more interventionist Bush Doctrine . ref name Chollet Critics ... ref name Holmes cite web title Defining the Obama Doctrine, Its Pitfalls, and How to Avoid Them first Kim R. last Holmes url http www.heritage.org research reports 2010 08 defining the obama doctrine ... at the Berlin Victory Column Victory Column in Berlin . The term Obama Doctrine was used long before ... Doctrine could be summarised as The United States will remain impassive in the face of genocide ... he said that the United States cannot use its military to solve humanitarian problems and that preventing ... debates in March, Obama answered that his doctrine was not going to be as doctrinaire as the Bush doctrine, because the world is complicated. He added that the United States would have to view .... ref name Debate Later this doctrine was elaborated on as a doctrine that first ends the politics ... no one , Mark Silva, Chicago Tribune The Swamp blog, May 15, 2008 ref In 2008, the term Obama Doctrine ... on January 20, 2009, commentators began to speculate on the emergence of a distinct Obama Doctrine ... Doctrine was influenced by French philosopher Charles de Secondat, baron de Montesquieu Montesquieu ... conflicts. The Obama Doctrine, in Drezner s interpretation, was to abandon foreign policies that had ... view of what he saw as the Obama Doctrine. The column came in the direct aftermath of the successful ... . He defined the doctrine as a form of realism unafraid to deploy American power but mindful that its ... more details
Infobox Software logo Image Doctrine logo white.png name Doctrine latest release version 2.2.1 latest ... url http www.doctrine project.org The Doctrine Project or Doctrine is a set of PHP libraries primarily ... Layer it is built on top of. One of Doctrine s key features is the option to write database queries in a proprietary object oriented SQL dialect called Doctrine Query Language DQL . Usage demonstration Entities in Doctrine 2 are lightweight PHP Objects that contain persistable properties ... the database by Doctrine s data mapping capabilities via the Entity Manager source lang php user new ... saved. source Doctrine 1.x follows the active record pattern for working with data, where a Class ... password doe user save echo The user with id user id has been saved. source Features Image doctrine layers.jpg thumb 250px Media doctrine layers.jpg Overview of Doctrine One feature of Doctrine is the low level of configuration that is needed to start a project. Doctrine can generate object classes ... in many other frameworks. Another key feature of Doctrine is the ability to optionally write database queries in an OO Object oriented programming object oriented SQL dialect called DQL Doctrine ... QueryBuilder tt class tt Doctrine Query tt in Doctrine 1.x allows one to construct queries through ... duplication. Writing queries explicitly however is not always necessary, as Doctrine performs Join ... writing queries. Other notable features of Doctrine are support for hooks methods which can validate ... files of a framework. History Doctrine was started by Konsta Vesterinen , also known as zYne . The project ... the Google Summer of Code project. Doctrine 1.0.0 was released on September 1, 2008. ref http www.doctrine project.org blog doctrine 1 0 released Doctrine 1.0.0 released ref The first stable version of Doctrine 2.0 was released on December 22, 2010, after 2.5 years of dedicated development starting in early 2008. ref http www.doctrine project.org blog doctrine2 released ref Influences Doctrine ... more details
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