Globalize date January 2011 A misuse of statistics occurs when a statistical argument asserts a falsehood. In some cases, the misuse may be accidental. In others, it is purposeful and for the gain of the perpetrator. When the statistical reason involved is false or misapplied, this constitutes a statistical fallacy . The false statistics trap can be quite damaging to the quest for knowledge. For example, in medical science, correcting a falsehood may take decades and cost lives. Misuses can be easy to fall into. Professional scientists, even mathematicians and professional statisticians, can be fooled by even some simple methods, even if they are careful to check everything. Scientists have been known to fool themselves with statistics due to lack of knowledge of probability theory and lack of standardization of their tests. Types of misuse Discarding unfavorable data All a company has to do to promote a neutral useless product is to find or conduct, for example, 40 studies with a confidence ... unreliable. On the other hand, many people consider that statistics are inherently unreliable because ... with data not used in the original dredging. The misuse comes in when that hypothesis is stated as fact ... reversed by the courts. citation needed date September 2011 See also How to Lie with Statistics , a 1954 book by Darrel Huff ref Huff, Darrell 1991 How to Lie with Statistics Penguin New Ed edition, ISBN ... Statistics Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, NY. Campbell, S.K. 1974 , Flaws and Fallacies in Statistical Thinking Prentice Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ. Oldberg, T. 2005 An Ethical Problem in the Statistics ..., Ozkaya G, Cangur S, Ediz B, Kan I 2007 Misusage of Statistics in Medical Researches , European Journal ... Society Series A Statistics in Society volume 174 issue 3 pages 517 528 year 2011 pmid pmc DEFAULTSORT Misuse Of Statistics Category Misuse of statistics Category Laymen and statistics Category Ethics and statistics bg ca Mal s de l estad stica kk ... more details
refimprove date December 2011 Misuse detection actively works against potential insider threat computer threats to vulnerability computing vulnerable company data . MisuseMisuse detection is an approach in detecting attack computing attacks . In misuse detection approach, we define abnormal system behaviour at first, and then define any other behaviour, as normal behaviour. It stands against anomaly detection approach which utilizes the reverse approach, defining normal system behaviour and defining any other behaviour as abnormal. In other words anything we don t know is normal. Using attack signatures in Intrusion Detection System IDSes is an example of this approach. Misuse detection has also been used to refer to all kinds of computer misuse. ref Helman, Paul, Liepins, Gunar, and Richards, Wynette, Foundations of Intrusion Detection, The IEEE Computer Security Foundations Workshop V, 1992 ref See Intrusion detection . Theory In theory, It assumes that abnormal behaviour and activity has a simple to define model. Its advantage is simplicity of adding known attacks to the model. Its disadvantage is its inability to recognize unknown attacks. References reflist Further reading For more information on Misuse Detection, including papers written on the subject, consider the following http ir.iit.edu publications downloads p73 cathey.pdf Misuse Detection Concepts and Algorithms article by the IR Lab at IIT. Category Data security ... more details
File Misuse restaurant model.svg thumb 320px Example of the Misuse case principle, which could be used in thinking about capturing security requirements. Misuse Case is a business process modeling tool used in the software development business. The term Misuse case or mis use case has derived from use ... nik 2001 21 sindre.pdf Capturing Security Requirements through Misuse Cases ref The concept was created ... tdt4237 papers Paper3 SecReq MisuseCases.pdf Eliciting security requirements with misuse cases ref ... the software or product is used. In contrast, a Misuse Case describes or at least names something ... Using misuse cases as a modeling tool lets you treat non functional requirements e.g., typical ... true regarding Trade off analysis. ref http easyweb.easynet.co.uk iany consultancy misuse cases misuse cases in tradeoffs.htm Initial Industrial Experience of Misuse Cases in Trade Off Analysis 2002, by Ian Alexander ref Creating misuse cases will often trigger a chain reaction which makes it easier to identify both functional and non functional requirements. The discovery of a misuse case will often ... a new misuse case . ref name easyweb.easynet.co.uk http easyweb.easynet.co.uk iany consultancy misuse cases misuse cases.htm Misuse cases help to elicit non functional requirements 2003, by Ian ... One other weakness is its lack of structure and semantics. From use to misuse case In an industry ... must implement to accomplish them. ref name SA09 Gunnar Peterson, John Steven Defining Misuse within ... case is born in Norway . The contrast between the misuse case and the use case is the goal the misuse ... . ref name SA10 Ian Alexander Misuse case use cases with hostile intent , presentation ref Another description of the difference is by ref name SA11 Guttorm Sindre, Andreas L. Opdahl, Templates for Misuse ... value to the user, one could define a misuse case as a completed sequence of actions which results ... Modeling Language SysML , and this use of drawing the agents and misuse cases of the scenario ... more details
Competition law Copyright misuse is an Equity law equitable affirmative defense defense against copyright copyright infringement infringement in the United States allowing copyright infringers to avoid infringement liability if the copyright holder has engaged in abusive or improper conduct in exploiting or enforcing the copyright. Copyright misuse is comparable to, and draws from precedents under, the older doctrine of patent misuse , which dates back to the early years of the 20th century and derives from the more general equity doctrine of unclean hands , which bars a party from obtaining equitable relief such as an injunction against another when the party has acted improperly though not necessarily illegally . ref See Motion Picture Patents Co. v. Universal Film Mfg. Co., 243 U.S. 502 1917 . ref The doctrine forbids the copyright owner from attempting to extend the effect or operation of copyright beyond the scope of the statutory right for example, by engaging in restrictive license ... of a copyright. . ref Courts do not permit a copyright owner that has engaged in misuse to enforce ..., until the misuse has been purged that is, the improper practice has been abandoned and its effects ... Court Decisions Copyright misuse is not a statutory defense set forth in the federal Copyright Act of 1976 Copyright Act but is instead founded in federal case law derived from the patent misuse doctrine. One of the earliest copyright misuse precedents is a case in the U.S. District Court for the District ... endorsed the copyright misuse doctrine in Lasercomb Am., Inc. v. Reynolds , ref http digital law online.info ... of copyright misuse includes but is not limited to antitrust anti competitive activity . One notable ... misuse doctrine sparks.html ref Restraints that hinder the promotion of the progress of human knowledge may be held copyright misuse, as in the Lasercomb Am., Inc. v. Reynolds Lasercomb case ... copyright misuse in Finland References Reflist Category Copyright law Misuse, Copyright Category ... more details
Benzos Infobox disease Name Benzodiazepine drug misuse Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 F13.1 ICD9 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj article eMedicineTopic 290585 MeshID Benzodiazepine drug misuse , sometimes ... v66s0906.pdf format pdf ref The level of benzodiazepine misuse is as high as other common drugs of misuse. When used recreationally benzodiazepines are usually administered orally but sometimes ... Chris Ford the clinical director of Substance Misuse Management in General Practice, among drugs ... in isolation as the primary drug of misuse. They can be misused to achieve the high that benzodiazepines ... 9088780 doi 10.1016 S0376 8716 96 01324 5 ref Rates of misuse Little attention has focused on the degree ... Wolff, K. Hay, A. W. Raistrick, D. year 1997 month January title Benzodiazepine misuse by drug addicts ... of problematic benzodiazepine drug misuse is escalation of dose. Most licit prescribed users of benzodiazepines ... to the emergency department. Males and females misuse benzodiazepines equally. Of drugs used in attempted ... misuse Benzodiazepines reduce the tolerance to reward delay in rats. ref cite journal author Thi bot ... Berl . doi 10.1007 BF00431700 ref Humans are motivated to misuse benzodiazepines to achieve ... United States isbn 978 1585622764 page 221 chapter chapterurl ref Risk factors for misuse See also ... use benzodiazepines on a daily basis. ref name baashton Misuse of benzodiazepines is widespread amongst ... is often restricted to binges or occasional misuse. Benzodiazepine dependence when it occurs requires ... title Drug misuse and dependence UK guidelines on clinical management author National Treatment Agency for Substance Misuse authorlink National Treatment Agency for Substance Misuse date month year ... e.g. the non benzodiazepine Z drugs often leads to a relapse back into substance misuse with one ... January format pdf publisher incb.org ref In Northern Ireland statistics of individuals attending ... it as their main problem drug. The statistics showed that treatment for benzodiazepines as the main ... more details
Competition law In United States patent law , patent misuse is an affirmative defense used in patent infringement patent litigation when a defendant has been accused to have patent infringement infringed a patent . It has also been used to Extenuating circumstances mitigate damages following a finding of infringement or justify a failure to pay contracted for royalties. This umbrella term usually describes any of the following a violation of United States antitrust law antitrust laws improper expansion of the scope or term of the patent inequitable conduct in the procurement or enforcement of a patent sometimes termed non purgeable misuse . In the United States, a patent is a statutory right that grants the patentee the right to exclude others from making, using, or selling a patented invention . This is unsupported. Historically, courts were willing to entertain a patent misuse defense for patent owners who never undertook any commercial use and solely sought out infringers. Fact date February 2007 Recent decisions have held Under current U.S. patent law it is not patent misuse simply to enforce rights to a patent, in good faith, and enforcement is permissible irrespective of any use or non use by the owner. ref See 35 U.S.C. 271 d 4 Dawson Chemical Co. v. Rohm & Haas Co. , 448 U.S. 176 1980 . Sham or bad faith patent enforcement i.e., without belief that the claim is meritorious ... unclean hands principle of the patent misuse doctrine in Motion Picture Patents Co. v. Universal ... rule that similar misuse of a patent is a defense to an infringement suit comes from Morton Salt Co ... salt . ref Most types of misuse can be purged by abandoning the practice and causing its effects ..., is not purgeable. Statutory limitation The scope of the patent misuse doctrine is today limited ... or contributory infringement of a patent shall be denied relief or deemed guilty of misuse or illegal ... misuse Evergreening Inequitable conduct Patent ambush Patent troll Submarine patent Category United ... more details
these tracks were never re recorded after the demo, partly as a tribute to Christos . Misuse ... of Puzzlemusik Records approaches Misuse and urges them to at last make an album. This leads ... post rock scene such as Mogwai who have repeatedly picked Misuse for opening up their shows in Greece ... approach. Early 2011 Leuteris Volanis joins as guitar player. Mid 2011 finds Misuse in the studio ... Records and Spinalonga Records. Misuse have often collaborated in their shows with visual artists ... Studio albums misuse 2008 April 2011 Compilations Mad Athens Presents Pop Scene 01 by Rubber Civil ... See also List of post rock bands External links Commons category Misuse http misuseband.com Misuse ... view 2589 10 postwave.gr Best Greek Album of 2011 April by Misuse at position 11 ref ref name Lifo1 ... October 2008 ref Misuse Category Misuse Category Live Music Archive artists ... more details
No footnotes date July 2009 Globalize date October 2011 Under United States laws, pesticide misuse is the use of a pesticide in a way that violates laws regulating their use or endangers humans or the environment many of these regulations are laid out in the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act FIFRA . The most common example of pesticide misuse is application inconsistent with the labeling, which could be use of a material in any way not described on the label, changing dosage rates, or violating a specific safety instruction. Other kinds of pesticide misuse could include selling or using an unregistered pesticide, or one whose registration has been revoked, the sale or use of an adulterated or misbranded pesticide. It would also be a violation to alter or remove pesticide labels, to sell restricted pesticides to an uncertified applicator, or to fail to keep sales and use records of restricted pesticides. Health effects Main Health effects of pesticides One of the worst cases of pesticide misuse in recent history involved the application of a pesticide intended for outdoor agricultural use methyl parathion to homes in Mississippi for cockroaches and other home pests. Two exterminators were charged with multiple criminal charges after their ongoing use of several years was exposed. A number of residents, including two infants, suffered symptoms of pesticide poisoning . A number of homes and business, including several day care centers and schools were rendered uninhabitable or unusable. Heavy fines and prison terms followed for the perpetrators Citation needed date August 2008 . Pesticide misuse that endanger human health or even cause death get the most attention ... workers. In other animals Pesticide misuse can also endanger wildlife and other environmental ... for pesticide misuse, because he ignored the above directions, and sprayed a blooming cucumber field ... pesticides DEFAULTSORT Pesticide Misuse Category Pesticides Category Environmental ... more details
tone date October 2011 generalize date January 2012 Antibiotic misuse , sometimes called antibiotic abuse or antibiotic overuse , refers to the misuse or overuse of antibiotic s, with potentially serious effects on health. It is a contributing factor to the creation of Antibiotic resistance multidrug resistant bacteria , informally called super bugs relatively harmless bacteria can develop resistance to multiple antibiotics and cause life threatening infections. ref name pmid9643260 cite journal author Harrison JW, Svec TA title The beginning of the end of the antibiotic era? Part II. Proposed solutions to antibiotic abuse journal Quintessence International volume 29 issue 4 pages 223 9 year 1998 month April pmid 9643260 ref Epidemiology A 2003 study concerning the proper use of antibiotics in the emergency room revealed that 99 of instances contained some sort of error. Out of the 100 patients studied, 81 inappropriately received a prescription for fluoroquinolone . Out of these cases, 43 did not call for fluoroquinolone as a first line agent, 27 presented no evidence of bacterial infection based on documented evaluations , and 11 had questionable need for such therapy. Of the 19 cases that both called for and received fluoroquinolone, only one received both the correct dose and duration of therapy. ref name pmid12622607 cite journal author Lautenbach E, Larosa LA, Kasbekar N, Peng HP, Maniglia RJ, Fishman NO title Fluoroquinolone utilization in the emergency departments of academic medical centers prevalence of, and risk factors for, inappropriate use journal Archives of Internal Medicine volume 163 issue 5 pages 601 5 year 2003 month March pmid 12622607 url http archinte.ama assn.org cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 12622607 doi 10.1001 archinte.163.5.601 ref In a 1994 study ... to treat severe bacterial infections, misuse has contributed to a rise in bacterial resistance ... 2010 DEFAULTSORT Antibiotic Misuse Category Antibiotics Category Health disasters Category Pharmaceuticals ... more details
the assumptions of the method. Misuse of statistics can produce subtle, but serious errors in description ... of statistics. Misuse See below for further discussion. Even when statistical techniques are correctly .... Misuse Main Misuse of statistics There is a general perception that statistical knowledge is all too frequently intentionally Misuse of statistics misused by finding ways to interpret only the data ...pp semi sock expiry 18 June 2012 small yes About the field of StatisticsStatistics is the study of the collection ... dict.asp?Word statistics The Free Online Dictionary ref It deals with all aspects of this, including ... have often gained this experience through working in any of a list of fields of application of statistics wide number of fields . There is also a discipline called mathematical statistics that studies statistics mathematically. The word statistics , when referring to the scientific discipline, is singular, as in Statistics is an art. ref cite web url http www.merriam webster.com dictionary statistics title Statistics work Merriam Webster Online Dictionary ref This should not be confused with the word ... Online Dictionary ref whose plural is statistics this statistic seems wrong or these statistics ... . Statistics used in standardized testing assessment are shown. The scales include standard ... in standard nines. TOC limit 3 Scope Some consider statistics to be a mathematical body ... of data , ref Moses, Lincoln E. 1986 Think and Explain with Statistics , Addison Wesley, ISBN 978 ... Lee, 1973 Statistics for the Social Sciences , Holt, Rinehart and Winston, p.xii, ISBN 978 0 03 077945 ... on applications, statistics is usually considered to be a distinct mathematical science rather than a branch of mathematics. ref cite book last Moore first David title Statistics for the Twenty First ... Washington, DC year 1992 pages 14 25 chapter Teaching Statistics as a Respectable Subject isbn 978 ... isbn 978 0 495 05064 3 url http www.rossmanchance.com iscam preface.pdf ref Much of statistics ... more details
Misuse of Drugs Act is the name of several similar national drug control laws passed by countries in the Commonwealth of Nations and by the Republic of Ireland . With the exception of Ireland s 1977 Act, they all sort drugs into three categories, Classes A, B, and C. This classification system was influenced by the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs and other drug control treaties. Some of the Acts are Misuse of Drugs Act Australia There appear to be separate Acts in Western Australia and the Northern Territory. Misuse of Drugs Act Belize Misuse of Drugs Act Ireland Misuse of Drugs Act 1975 in New Zealand Misuse of Drugs Act Singapore Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 in the United Kingdom disambig ... more details
The Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs ACMD is a statutory and non executive non departmental British public body, which was established under the UK s Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 . Mandate Its terms of reference, ref name UKSTCreport cite journal title Drug classification, making a hash of it? author ... to them likely to be misused and of which the misuse is having or appears to them capable of having ... in the opinion of the Council ought to be taken for preventing the misuse of such drugs or dealing with social problems connected with their misuse, and in particular on measures which in the opinion ... the arrangements for their supply b for enabling persons affected by the misuse of such drugs to obtain ... with social problems connected with the misuse of drugs d for educating the public and in particular ... is of relevance for the purpose of preventing the misuse of such drugs or dealing with any social problem connected with their misuse . blockquote Functioning One of the key functions of the ACMD ... of, Government including the British Crime Survey, the Forensic Science Service statistics, general ... with concerns and responsibilities for those who misuse drugs professional bodies published and unpublished ... committee on drug classification and policy, the Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs ACMD . We ... operates within the framework set by the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 but, bearing in mind that the Council ... alcohol and tobacco usage and that the Misuse of Drugs Act should be reviewed. Because it was published ... misuse service, and the Royal Pharmaceutical Society s representative on the ACMD. ref http news.bbc.co.uk ... NDPB Review of the Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs ref On November 10, 2009 three further ... Previous Home Secretaries, when responding to the advice of the Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs ... 30em External links http www.homeoffice.gov.uk agencies public bodies acmd Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs website DEFAULTSORT Advisory Council On The Misuse Of Drugs Category Misuse of Drugs ... more details
The Misuse of Drugs Act is a national drug control law of Belize that divides drugs into three classes. There does not seem to be any mechanism for adding, removing, or transferring drugs between classes without amending the statute. Like the Misuse of Drugs Act s of other nations, this statute is designed to implement the provisions of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs and its supplementary drug control treaty treaties . See also Politics of Belize References http www.unodc.org unodc en legal library bz legal library 1992 06 01 1992 9.html Misuse of Drugs Act, 1990 , United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Category Drug control law Category Belizean law Category Health in Belize Category 1990 in law Category 1990 in Belize Belize stub statute stub ... more details
Infobox NZ Legislation short title Misuse of Drugs Act 1975 long title An Act to consolidate and amend the Narcotics Act 1965 and to make further provision for the prevention of misuse of drugs introduced by date passed 1975 royal assent commencement amendments related legislation status Current New Zealand s Misuse of Drugs Act 1975 is a national drug control law that classifies drugs into three classes, or Schedules, based on their risk of harm ref cite web title Misuse of Drugs Act 1975 No 116 as at 01 December 2010 , 3A Classification of drugs url http www.legislation.govt.nz act public 1975 0116 latest DLM436190.html work New Zealand Legislation Acts accessdate 16 June 2011 ref Class A , or First Schedule Very high risk of harm and illegal LSD Heroin Cocaine Methamphetamine Psilocin and Psilocybin Class B , or Second Schedule Very high risk of harm and on prescription Cannabis hashish, cannabis oil, or other preparation Morphine Hydromorphone Pethidine Amphetamine MDMA Ecstasy Class C , or Third Schedule Moderate risk of harm. Cannabis plant, leaf, fruit or seeds Barbiturates ref 1 1 phenobarbital, barbital, etc. Benzodiazepines ref 2 2 diazepam, alprazolam, lorazepam, nitrazepam, etc. note 1 Note 1 Pentobarbital, secobarbital, and amobarbital are subject to more legal restrictions and tougher penalties than other Class C substances. br note 2 Note 2 Temazepam and flunitrazepam are subject to more legal restrictions and tougher penalties than other Class C substances. Fourth Schedule Precursor substances. The Expert Advisory Committee on Drugs EACD makes Scheduling decisions, based on scientific and medical evidence and or international treaty obligations. New Zealand is a party to the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs , the Convention on Psychotropic Substances , and the United ... DLM436101.html Misuse of Drugs Act 1975 text of the Act http www.lawcom.govt.nz project review misuse drugs act 1975 Review of Misuse of Drugs Act 1975 at the New Zealand Law Commission Category ... more details
Infobox UK legislation short title Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 parliament Parliament of the United Kingdom ... legislation.gov.uk ukgpa 1971 38 legislation history The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 is an Acts of Parliament .... Offences under the Act include ref cite web url http drugs.homeoffice.gov.uk drugs laws misuse of drugs act title & 39 Misuse of Drugs Act & 39 , Home Office representation of the act, Home Office ..., and cannabis hemp ref name Canna 3 may be grown under licence for industrial purposes . The Misuse of Drugs Regulations 2001, ref name uksi20012998 UK SI title The Misuse of Drugs Regulations 2001 ... The Misuse of Drugs Regulations 2001 & 39 , OPSI website, accessed 28 January 2009 publisher Opsi.gov.uk ... by the UK Misuse of Drugs Act The Act sets out four separate categories Class A, Class B, Class ... by statutory instrument , provided a report of the Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs has been ... Substances Act . Source Article Section 17 History The Drugs Prevention of Misuse Act 1964 ... used . However section 8 of the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 ref cite web url http www.opsi.gov.uk RevisedStatutes Acts ukpga 1971 cukpga 19710038 en 1 pb4 l1g8 title Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 publisher Opsi.gov.uk date accessdate 2011 01 23 ref was amended by Regulation 13 of Misuse of Drugs Regulations ... and Police Act 2001. ref cite web url http opsi.gov.uk si si2001 20013998 title The Misuse of Drugs ... the harm of drugs of potential misuse , David Nutt, Leslie A. King, William Saulsbury, Colin Blakemore ... and tobacco from the Misuse of Drugs Act is, from a scientific perspective, arbitrary. ref name pmid17382831 ... 1 cite web url http www.statutelaw.gov.uk content.aspx?ActiveTextDocId 869446 title & 39 The Misuse ... from the Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs ACMD . In 2009, it was returned to class B, ref name Canna 2 cite web url http www.statutelaw.gov.uk content.aspx?LegType All Legislation&title The Misuse ... title & 39 The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 Amendment Order 2008 No. 3130 & 39 , OPSI website, accessed ... more details
Refimprove date January 2009 Infobox UK legislation short title Computer Misuse Act 1990 parliament United Kingdom Parliament long title An Act to make provision for securing computer material against unauthorised access or modification and for connected purposes. statute book chapter 1990 c. 18 introduced by Michael Colvin territorial extent England and Wales Scotland Northern Ireland royal assent ... 18 The Computer Misuse Act 1990 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom , introduced partly ... Misuse Act Based on the ELC s recommendations, a Private Member s Bill was introduced by Conservative ... UKpga 19900018 en 1.htm Computer Misuse Act 1990 , s1 s3 ref Hacking unauthorised access to computer ... and highlighted areas for development. Their recommendations led to the drafting of the Computer Misuse ... to the Computer Misuse Act 1990. Section 37 Making, supplying or obtaining articles for use in computer misuse offences inserts a new section 3A into the 1990 Act and has drawn considerable criticism ... to the Computer Misuse Act 1990 by Part 5 of the Police and Justice Act 2006 ref http www.legislation.gov.uk ... or obtaining articles for use in computer misuse offences ref http www.legislation.gov.uk ukpga 2006 ... Misuse Act 1990 lessons from its past and predictions for its future 2008 , Criminal Law Review 955 . Stefan Fafinski, Computer Misuse Response, Regulation and the Law Cullomption, Willan 2009 Yaman Akdeniz, Section 3 of the Computer Misuse Act 1990 an Antidote for Computer Viruses 1996 3 Web JCLI ... aka the Black Baron in November 1995. Derek Wyatt, Computer Misuse Act amendment speech . http www.derekwyattmp.co.uk ... Police and Justice Bill 2006 Amendments to the Computer Misuse Act 1990 covered by the Open Rights Group http www.computerevidence.co.uk Cases CMA.htm A list of Computer Misuse Act cases compiled by Michael J L Turner http www.wikicrimeline.co.uk index.php?title Computer misuse act Computer Misuse Act ... law Category Computer crimes Category Hacking computer security simple Computer Misuse Act ... more details
The Misuse of Drugs Act 1977 , ref http www.irishstatutebook.ie 1977 en act pub 0012 index.html Misuse of Drugs Act 1977 Irish Statute Book. ref the Misuse of Drugs Act 1984 , ref http www.irishstatutebook.ie 1984 en act pub 0018 index.html Misuse of Drugs Act 1984 Irish Statute Book. ref and the Criminal Justice Psychoactive Substances Act 2010 ref http www.irishstatutebook.ie 2010 en act pub 0022 print.html Criminal Justice Psychoactive Substances Act 2010 Irish Statute Book. ref are the acts of the Oireachtas regulating drugs in Republic of Ireland Ireland . The acts define the penalties for unlawful production, possession and supply of drugs. Regulations The act provides for the Minister for Health Ireland Minister for Health to make regulations scheduling drugs according to their use perceived medical usability and their risk to the public. Additionally, these regulations outline the requirements for distribution and monitoring of the listed substances. The principal regulations are the Misuse of Drugs Regulations 1988 SI 328 1988 as amended by the Misuse of Drugs Amendment Regulations 1993 SI 342 1993 , the Misuse of Drugs Amendment No. 1 Regulations 1999 SI 273 1999 , the Misuse of Drugs Amendment Regulations 2006 SI 53 2006 , the Misuse of Drugs Amendment Regulations 2007 SI 200 2007 , the Misuse of Drugs Amendment No. 1 Regulations 2009 SI 63 2009 and the Misuse of Drugs Amendment No. 2 Regulations 2009 SI 122 2009 . Schedule 1 The substances and certain derivatives thereof considered by the state to have no medicinal or scientific value with consideration given regarding their likelihood of their being abused and thus would be considered illegal drugs. Substances Div col cols 2 small yes 1 benzylpiperazinc BZP i.e. benzylpiperazine , added by the 2009 Regulations Bufotenine Cannabinol except where contained in cannabis or cannabis resin Cannabinol derivatives Cannabis and Cannabis resin hashish Cathinone Coca leaf Concentrate of Poppy straw poppy straw Eticyclidine ... more details
Infobox Legislation shorttitle Misuse of Drugs Act image imagesize imagelink imagealt caption Old Parliament House, Singapore Old Parliament House , photographed in January 2006 longtitle An Act for the control of dangerous or otherwise harmful drugs and substances and for purposes connected therewith. citation No. 5 of 1973 now Singapore legislation cap 185 ed 2008 enactedby Parliament of Singapore dateenacted 16 February 1973 dateassented 7 July 1973 datecommenced 7 July 1973 bill Misuse of Drugs Bill billcitation Bill No. 46 72 billdate 25 November 1972 introducedby Chua Sian Chin Ministry of Health Singapore Minister for Health and Ministry of Home Affairs Singapore Home Affairs 1streading 22 November 1972 2ndreading 16 February 1973 3rdreading 16 February 1973 committeereport amendments repeals related Dangerous Drugs Act 1951 Drugs Prevention of Misuse Act 1969 summary keywords The Misuse of Drugs Act is a national drug control law classifying substances into three categories, Classes A, B, and C. Section 44 provides that The Minister may, by an order published in the Gazette add, remove, or transfer drugs among the classes. The statute s penal provisions are draconian by most nations standards, providing for long terms of imprisonment , Caning in Singapore caning , and capital punishment . The law creates a presumption of trafficking for certain threshold amounts, e.g. 30 grams of cannabis . It also creates a presumption that a person possesses drugs if he possesses the keys to a premises containing the drugs, and that Any person found in or escaping from any place or premises which is proved or presumed to be used for the purpose of smoking or administering a controlled drug shall, until the contrary is proved, be presumed to have been smoking or administering ... drug offenders. Amount of controlled drugs that would qualify as drug trafficking Section 17 of the Misuse ... legislation title Misuse of Drugs Act cap 185 ed 2008 Law of Singapore Drug control laws Category ... more details
NTP server misuse and abuse covers a number of practices which cause damage or degradation to a Network Time Protocol NTP server, ranging from flooding it with traffic effectively a DDoS attack or violating the server s access policy or the NTP http support.ntp.org Servers RulesOfEngagement rules of engagement . One incident was branded NTP vandalism in an open letter from Poul Henning Kamp to the router computing router manufacturer D Link in 2006. This term has later been extended by others to retroactively include other incidents. There is, however, no evidence that any of these problems are deliberate vandalism. They are more usually caused by shortsighted or poorly chosen default configurations. Common NTP client problems The most troublesome problems have involved NTP server addresses hardcoded in the firmware of consumer networking devices. As major manufacturers produce hundreds of thousands of devices and since most customers never upgrade the firmware, any problems will persist for as long as the devices are in service. One particularly common software error is to generate query packets at short less than five second intervals until a response is received. When such an implementation finds itself behind a packet filter that refuses to pass the incoming response, this results in a never ending stream of requests to the NTP server. Such grossly over eager clients particularly those polling once per second commonly make up more than 50 of the traffic of public NTP servers, despite being a minuscule fraction of the total clients. While it is reasonable to send a few initial packets at short intervals, it is essential for the health of any connectionless network that unacknowledged packets be generated at exponentially decreasing rates. This applies to any connectionless ... known cases of time server misuse resulted in problems for a web server at Trinity College, Dublin ... technical means to counteract misuse of NTP servers. References Reflist External links http ... more details
notability Organizations date October 2010 Straight Statistics is a United Kingdom based pressure group established by journalists and statisticians with the aim of detecting and exposing the distortion and misuse of statistical information, and identifying those responsible in order to restore public confidence in statistics . ref http www.straightstatistics.org about us About Us Straight Statistics Bot generated title ref Activities The organisation s main form of activism is to present articles on its website, showing statistics that have been twisted for poltiical, personal or business purposes and then demonstrating the truth of the matter. ref http www.newscientist.com article mg20527525.500 barefoot statistics data for the people.html ref References Reflist External links http www.straightstatistics.org Straight Statistics Website See also More or Less radio programme UK Statistics Authority Category Statistical organizations ... more details
within the subject of statisticsStatistics pertains to the collection, analysis, interpretation ... discipline s, from the physical and social science s to the humanities it is also used and Misuse of statistics misused for making informed decisions in all areas of business and government . Nature of statisticsStatistics can be described as all of the following Academic discipline one with academic ... considered subfields of mathematics proper. Statistics, for example, is mathematical in its ..., though closely allied, field. History of statistics History of statistics Founders of statistics History of probability Timeline of probability and statistics Describing data Descriptive statistics Average Mean Median Mode statistics Mode Statistical dispersion Measures of scale Variance Standard ... design Statistical survey Opinion poll Sampling Sampling distribution Sampling statistics sampling ... Principal component analysis PCA Factor analysis Cluster analysis Robust statistics Filtering data ... inference Mathematical statistics Likelihood function Exponential family Bayesian inference ... M estimator Non parametric statistics Nonparametric regression Kernel statistics Kernels Probability ... statistics Computational statistics &ndash Markov chain Monte Carlo Statistics software Free statistical software List of statistical packages Statistics organizations List of academic statistical associations List of national and international statistical services Statistics publications List of statistics journals List of important publications in statistics List of scientific journals in statistics Persons influential in the field of statistics List of statisticians See also Portal Statistics Index of statistics articles Glossary of probability and statistics Notation in probability and statistics Outline of probability Combinatorics Monte Carlo method Simulation List of fields of application of statistics List of graphical methods Lists of statistics topics External links sisterlinks ... more details
The Radical Statistics Group, usually known as Radical Statistics or Radstats , is a group of statisticians based in Britain, which was initiated in 1975 following on the British Society for Social Responsibility in Science BSSRS . The mission statement on the http www.radstats.org.uk RadStats website states We believe that statistics can be used to support radical campaigns for progressive social change. Statistics should inform, not drive policies. Social problems should not be disguised by technical language. Radstats publishes a regular journal which has included contributions from a variety of British academics, including Peter Townsend sociologist Peter Townsend and Danny Dorling . History The researchers and statisticians who started Radstats shared a common concern about the political implications of their work and an awareness of the actual and potential misuse of statistics . Its journal has publications going back to 1975. Activities Radstats has had working groups in population studies, education, health, nuclear arms, race , and social indicators. Currently, only the population studies working group is active. It started activities in 2010, initiating an investigation into the debates on population and the environment that pose an optimum population . It has an active mailing list http www.jiscmail.ac.uk lists RADSTATS.html , is well integrated into the Royal Statistical Society , and publishes a regular newsletter journal. Its annual AGM and conference is usually a two day social and business affair in February. The 2011 conference is on the theme Cuts and Corporations . In 2010 the Radical Statistics Blog http radstats.wordpress.com focused on worldwide reports of cuts in public provision of statistics. External links http www.radstats.org.uk RadStats website Category Organisations based in the United Kingdom poli org stub ... more details
Ministry of Statistics may refer to Ministry of Statistics Pakistan , Pakistan Ministry of Statistics & Analysis Minstat , Republic of Belarus Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation India National Statistical Service of the Republic of Armenia disambig ... more details
snooping bias comes from the misuse of data mining techniques. Biases References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Bias Statistics Category Bias Category Statistical terminology Category Statistical theory de Trend ... more details
National Statistics may refer to the following agencies and government departments Office for National Statistics , the executive office of the UK Statistics Authority. National Bureau of Statistics of China Statistics Sweden National Statistics Office Philippines National Institute of Statistics Romania Vanuatu National Statistics Office Office of National Statistics Algeria National Institute of Statistics and Census of Argentina National Administrative Department of Statistics , Colombia. National Institute of Statistics and Census of Costa Rica National Institute of Statistics of Cambodia National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova See also FedStats The US gateway for national statistical information disambiguation ... more details
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