sociology In the social science s, modernization or modernisation refers to a model of an evolutionary transition from a pre modern or traditional to a modern society . The teleology of modernization is described ... sources. Historians link modernization to the processes of urbanization and industrialization , as well as to the spread of education. As Kendall 2007 notes, Urbanization accompanied modernization and the rapid ... critical theory , modernization is linked to an overarching process of Rationalization sociology rationalisation . When modernization increases within a society, the individual becomes that much ... 387301 modernization ref Modernization theory and history have been explicitly used as guides for countries eager to develop rapidly, such as China. Indeed, modernization has been proposed as the most ... late, China s modernization has to be based on the experiences and lessons of other countries. . ref ... of Modernization, Chinese Studies in History Spring 2009, Vol. 42 3 pp 7 24 in EBSCO ref Instead of being dominated by tradition, societies undergoing the process of modernization typically arrive ... becomes less important as modernization takes hold. ref name HttpwwwbritannicacomEBcheckedtopicmodernization Theory According to theories of modernization, each society can develop from traditionalism ... to the Social theory Social theorist Peter Wagner Social theorist Peter Wagner , modernization ... methods, which make modernization necessary or preferable. ref name khan 162 164 Khan, p. 162 164. ref This view makes critique of modernization difficult, since it implies these developments control the limits of human interaction, and not vice versa. The view of modernization as offensives ... are shaped and controlled by human agents. The view of modernization as offensives therefore sees .... ref name khan 162 164 Modernization emerged in the late 19th century and was especially ... Proponents of modernization lie in two camps, optimists and pessimist. The former view holds that what ... more details
Advert date February 2012 File BCT Modernization logo.png thumb right 300px BCT Modernization logo The Brigade combat team Modernization was the United States Army s principal modernization program for Brigade combat team s BCTs from 2009 2010. The Army BCT Modernization strategy plans to build a versatile mix of tailorable, networked BCTs operating on a rotational scale that will leverage mobility, protection, information and precision fires to conduct effective operations to succeed in current and future full spectrum military operations. A key goal for modernizing the Army BCTs is to enable soldiers with increased Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance ISR capabilities. Rather than making one modernization decision and then applying it across the Army over two or more decades has been typical for the US army in the past, the BCT Modernization Plan aims to implement modernization decisions incrementally in order to stay ahead of the demands of the security environment and the needs of US soldiers. The Army s Modernization plan emphasizes the role of battle tested soldiers in the development of new equipment, provides for the incremental delivery of networked capabilities, incorporates MRAP vehicles into our formations, accelerates the fielding of Network Capability Sets across all BCTs, and initiates a new Ground Combat Vehicle program as an element of combat vehicle modernization ref http www.bctmod.army.mil ref . References reflist 1 http www.bctmod.army.mil Brigade Combat Team Modernization page , U.S. Army External links https www.facebook.com SoSIDirectorate ASA ... pages US ARMY BCT MODERNIZATION 361564505203 US Army BCT Modernization Facebook page , U.S. Army http www.bctmod.army.mil Brigade Combat Team Modernization page , U.S. Army BCT Subsystems US Army navbox Category Proposed weapons of the United States Category BCT Modernization de Brigade Combat Team Modernization ... more details
Height Modernization is the name of a series of state by state programs recently begun by the United States National Geodetic Survey , a division of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration . The goal of each state program is to place global positioning satellite GPS base stations at various locations within each participating state to measure topographic changes in the directions of latitude and longitude caused by subsidence or earthquakes , as well as to measure changes in height elevation . http agic.az.gov hm Arizona Height Modernization Arizona Geographic Information Council http tsrc.tamucc.edu TSRC HomePage Texas Height Modernization Texas A&M University Corpus Christi Category Geodesy science stub ... more details
Chinese s t j dai6 ng5 go3 jin6 doi6 faa3 p di4 wu3 ge5 ge4 xian4 dai4 hua4 The Fifth Modernization originally began as a signed wall poster placed by Wei Jingsheng on December 5, 1978 on the Democracy Wall in Beijing . ref Brook, Daniel. 2005 2005 . Modern revolution social change and cultural continuity in Czechoslovakia and China. University Press of America. ISBN 0 7618 3193 2, 9780761831938. ref Summary The poster call on the Communist Party of China to add democracy to the list of Four Modernizations which includes industry, agriculture, science and technology and national defense. ref Schell, Orville. Shambaugh, David L. 1999 1999 . The China reader the reform era. Random House, Inc. ISBN 0 679 76387 2, 9780679763871. ref It openly stated democracy as an additional modernization which needs to be taken if China truly wants to modernize itself. The five Modernization s would include Democracy Agriculture in China Agriculture Industry of China Industry People s Liberation Army National Defense Science and technology in the People s Republic of China Science and Technology References reflist External links http www.rjgeib.com thoughts china jingshen.html The Fifth Modernization by Wei Jingsheng Activism stub Category Chinese numbered policies fr La cinqui me modernisation no Den femte modernisering sv Den femte moderniseringen ... more details
No footnotes date September 2010 Modernization theory is a theory used to explain the process of modernization ... countries have. Modernization theory attempts to identify the social variables which contribute ... . Modernization theory is subject to criticism originating among socialist and free market ideologies ... others. Modernization theory not only stresses the process of change but also the responses to that change ... thumb right mile Durkheim Historically, the idea of modernization is relatively new. Its basic principles ... Theory Accordingly, internal situations in societies immediately affect the processes of modernization ... to suffer in terms of modernization. This can repress the state s economic development and productivity ... environments. Such mechanisms slow the process of modernization and lead to the need to sort out internal conflicts so as to aid the process of modernization. State theory is said to be mixed with internal .... The State theory essentially implies that in order for modernization to grow and for societies ... productivity supporting the internal modernization of society. Globalization and modernization ... to the spreading of modernization across borders. It theorizes the development of a global ... grown due to modernization. Communication industries have enabled capitalism to spread throughout ..., transformationalists and traditionalists. Globalists are globalization modernization theorists ... technology is a major source of social change. Since modernization deals with social change from agrarian ... up by the term modernization. Cell phones, for example, have changed lives of millions throughout ... Communist Manifesto 1960 concentrates on the economic system side of the modernization, trying to show factors needed for a country to reach the path to modernization in his Rostovian take off model ... between democracy , good governance and efficiency and modernization. Seymour Martin Lipset in Some ..., arguing that modernization cannot happen until a given society values innovation, striving for improvement ... more details
Ecological modernization is an optimism optimistic school of thought in the social sciences that argues ... modernization emerged in the early 1980s within a group of scholars at Free University and the Social ... assumption of ecological modernization relates to environmental readaptation of economic growth ... s carrying capacity , ecological modernization gives humans an active role to play, which may ... modernization whether it is just about techno industrial progress and related aspects of polity and economy, and to what extent it also includes cultural aspects ecological modernization of mind ... ecological modernization would need to rely mainly on government, or markets and entrepreneurship ... explicitly refer to general modernization theory as well as non Marxist world systems approach world ... modernization will have to result in innovative structural change. So research is now still more ... modernization shares a number of features with neighbouring, overlapping approaches. Among ... H. Socolow Socolow , 1994 . Additional elements A special topic of ecological modernization research ... of ecological modernization share an interest in industrial symbiosis , i.e. inter site recycling ... them as raw material inputs for another Christoff, 1996 . Ecological modernization also relies ..., ecological modernization promotes cradle to cradle manufacturing Michael Braungart Braungart and William ... modernization literature has been the role of social movement s and the emergence of civil ... of ecological modernization may be favored by business interests because they seemingly meet the triple ... origin of environmental degradation. Under ecological modernization, the State polity state is seen ... environmental problems. In the latter case, ecological modernization shares with Ulrich Beck 1999 ... referred to as subpolitics or political modernization, where the environmental movement , community ... in stimulating environmental transformation. Political modernization of this sort requires certain ... more details
Legacy Modernization, or Software modernization , refers to the conversion, rewriting or porting of a legacy ... migration to new platforms. ref Gardner, D Not just a nip and tuck, application modernization extends ... ref Strategies Legacy system modernization is often a large, multiyear project. Because these legacy ... modernized. A migration strategy must ensure that the system remains fully functional during the modernization effort. Making of software modernization decisions is a process within some organizational ... for the decision is often limited. Modernization Strategies and Benefits ref http users.jyu.fi koskinen ... Architecture Driven Modernization is the initiaive to standarize views of the existing systems in order to enable common modernization activities like code analysis and comprehension, and software transformation ... of reengineering. Modernization Risk Management RPFA Reengineering Project Failure Analysis ... Managed Modernization, Seacord et al., 2003 is a new, general software modernization management approach taking risks and both technological and business objectives explicitly into account. Modernization ... rep1&type pdf Evaluation of Software Modernization Estimation Methods Using NIMSAD Meta Framework ref Challenges in Legacy Modernization Typical legacy systems have been in existence for more than two .... A phased modernization approach needs to be adopted. However, this brings its own set of challenges ... phases. ref 3.Santhosh G. Ramakrishna, V. V. May 2007 . Logistics Legacy Modernization. 2007 Infosys Technologies Limited. ref Modernization Options Over the years, several different options have come into being for legacy modernization each of them met with varying success and adoption. Even ... 4. Series, A. S. ISO 9001 2008 . Legacy Modernization Transformation into an Agile Enterprise. A whitepaper on Legacy Modernization. ref A legacy application legacy code is any application software application ..., be candidates of modernization projects. Re implementing applications on new platforms in this way ... more details
Anti modernization also known as anti modernisation or retraditionalisation , ref name autogenerated1 Boris Rumer Rumer, Boris 2005 . http books.google.com.au books?id tbvnUYB6zgC&pg PA268&lpg PA268&dq 22Anti modernization 22&source bl&ots VNvf49xxPg&sig 0Wl8rI2f6GNiQ MEsaKtt2NKm8c&hl en&ei CkHbTsKgOc WiQeaz DwDQ&sa X&oi book result&ct result&resnum 6&ved 0CEkQ6AEwBTgK v onepage&q 22Anti modernization 22&f false Central Asia at the End of the Transition via Google Books . Armonk, New York M. E. Sharpe . ISBN 978 0 7656 1575 6. ref according to the book Environment and Global Modernity 2005 , by Frederick H. Buttel , Arthur P.J. Mol and Gert Spaargaren , is a societal and cultural reaction to the unsolves reality problems in the modernization model . ref Frederick H. Buttel Buttel, Frederick H. Arthur P.J. Mol Mol, Arthur P.J. Gert Spaargaren Spaargaren, Gert 2000 . http books.google.com.au books?id jHbdBInYsU4C&pg PA189&dq 22Anti modernization 22&hl en&ei UD bTr6uM8KSiQfNuLncDQ&sa X&oi book result&ct result&resnum 1&ved 0CC8Q6AEwAA v onepage&q 22Anti modernization 22&f false Environment and Global Modernity via Google Books . London SAGE Publications . ISBN 978 0 7619 6766 8. ref Boris Rumer wrote in his book Central Asia at the End of the Transition 2005 that anti modernization is appearing in all spheres of culture and economics. The retraditionalization of social life, deprofessionalization of entire strata of the population, the anti intellectualism emanating from above, the exodus of skilled personnel from the country spaced ndash these are all clear signs of the anti modernization that characterizes the reality in post Soviet Uzbekistan . ref name autogenerated1 According to the book Intellectual Discourse and the Politics of Modernization spaced ndash Negotiating Modernity in Iran 2000 , by Ali Mirsepassian , apparent anti modernization movement in Iran in the 1960s ... Discourse and the Politics of Modernization spaced ndash Negotiating Modernity in Iran via ... more details
nofootnotes date January 2010 The concept of reflexive modernization was launched by a joint effort of three of the leading European sociologists Anthony Giddens , Ulrich Beck and Scott Lash . The introduction of this concept served a double purpose to reassess sociology as a science of the present, since most sociological work was still using the dated conceptual framework of the beginning of the twentieth century and, also to provide a counterbalance to the postmodernist paradigm Jean Fran ois Lyotard , Jean Baudrillard , etc. , offering a constructive view instead of the deconstructive postmodern theory, building upon previous notions such as postindustrial society Daniel Bell and Post materialism postmaterial society Ronald Inglehart . This new paradigm was also embraced by sociologists such as Zygmunt Bauman and Pippa Norris . The main thesis deals with the changes brought on by the realisation of modernity s ideals, such as universal suffrage and education, the welfare state , civil rights , changes that marked the shift to the second modernity. The authors consider it a reflexive modernity because it opposes its earlier version, the same as the first modernity opposed feudal traditionalism. As a consequence, the institutions of the first modernity are beginning to crumble in the face ... modernization, the society all uses reflex sights to become modern and shape their future. This implies heavily that the society is violent and unstable. Reflexive modernization is a process of modernization ... and reform . Science and technology as it is used for the purpose of reflexive modernization is less ... modernization that have recently gained political momentum are sustainability and the precautionary ... of reflexive modernization. See also Columns list 3 Second modernity Liquid modernity Postmodernity Risk society Postindustrialism Post materialism Post structuralism Ecological modernization ... Modernization. Politics, Tradition and Aesthetics in the Modern Social Order. Stanford University ... more details
of the modernization process, a new military signal called M code was designed to further improve ... See Modernization and the Move to GPS III ref NASA has requested that Block III satellites carry ... segment, which would act as a critical part of the GPS modernization initiative. OCS will continue .... The GPS OCX program represents a critical part of GPS modernization and provides significant ... gps modernization the modernized l2 civil signal 730 title The Modernized L2 Civil Signal work GPS ... 2 url http www.aero.org publications crosslink summer2002 07.html title Modernization and the Move ... Modernization cite web url http www.space.commerce.gov gps modernization.shtml title GPS Modernization author Office of Space Commercialization. publisher U.S. Department of Commerce DEFAULTSORT Gps Modernization ... more details
Context date September 2009 Architecture driven modernization is the name of the initiative of the Object Management Group see http adm.omg.org OMG ADM Task Force website related to building and promoting standards that can be applied to modernize legacy systems . The objective of this initiative is to provide standard representations of views existing systems in order to enable common software modernizationmodernization activities like code analysis and comprehension, and software transformation. History of ADM In June 2003, The Object Management Group OMG formed a task force to modeling in the context of existing software systems. Initially, the group was called Legacy Transformation Task Force, but then the name was unanimously changed to Architecture Driven Modernization Task Force ADM . ADMTF is co chaired by Djenana Campara, from KDM Analytics and William Ulrich, from Tactical Strategy Group. ref cite book author Object management Group title Why do we need standards for the modernization of existing systems url http www.kdmanalytics.com kdm ADM whitepaper.pdf Object Management Group date July 15, 2003 ref In November 2003, the OMG s Architecture Driven Modernization Task Force ... For Proposal RFP . In February 2005, the OMG s Architecture Driven Modernization Task Force recommended ... Driven Modernization Task Force recommended, and the Platform Technical Committee issued, the Software ... of the architecture driven modernization initiative is the OMG specification Knowledge ... . With some irony, the acronym for architecture driven modernization, ADM looks like MDA in reverse .... ADM is related to the concept of reverse engineering . Software modernization is architecture ... user organizations to consider modernization from an analysis and design based perspective. In doing ... group title Second Architecture Driven Modernization workshop url http www.omg.org news releases pr2005 08 30 05.htm date October 24, 2005 ref See also Object Management Group software modernization ... more details
unreferenced date November 2008 The Central Organization For Modernization of Workshops COFMOW is a public sector undertaking in India, created in 1979 to modernise the workshops of Indian Railways . It was established through funding from the World Bank and is located in New Delhi , the national capital. Category Railway companies of India Category Railway workshops in India India rail transport stub ... more details
The Electronic Surveillance Modernization Act USBill 109 H.R. 5825 of the 109th United States Congress Congress was passed on September 28, 2006 by a vote 232 to 191. It has been referred to the United States Senate , and the United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary Senate Committee for the Judiciary for further debate ref http thomas.loc.gov cgi bin bdquery z?d109 h.r.05825 Library of Congress THOMAS ref . Reflist Category Legal history of the United States US fed statute stub ... more details
File 2011 02 23 BMC Logo.png thumb Brigade Modernization Command Logo The Brigade Modernization Command is the new name for the Future Force Integration Directorate, under The U.S. Army s Training and Doctrine Command and the Army Capabilities Integration Center. The change reflects the Army s commitment to its Incremental Brigade Modernization strategy and it s effort to make BMC and the 2nd Brigade ..., U.S. Army The Brigade Modernization Command was initially founded as the Future Force Integration ... 2007, the FFID mission was modified to integrate modernization efforts in support of Army ... for integrating BCT Modernization BCT modernization for the Army. This included accelerated ... be re designated the Brigade Modernization Command with a mission to conduct physical integration ... individual and unit level proficiency. While the network is central to Army brigade modernization ... and Stryker formations. 2 1 AD evaluates all network capability solution candidates and other Army Modernization ... that permits TRADOC to assess modernization concepts, identify implications, and enables the Army ... Battalion http www.bctmod.army.mil nie focus index.html Focus On NIE on Army Brigade Combat Team Modernization website References https www.bliss.army.mil BMC default.html Brigade Modernization Command webpage , U.S. Army http www.arcic.army.mil bmc.html ARCIC Brigade Modernization Command webpage , U.S. Army http www.bctmod.army.mil Brigade Combat Team Modernization webpage , U.S. Army External links https www.bliss.army.mil BMC default.html Brigade Modernization Command webpage http www.arcic.army.mil bmc.html ARCIC Brigade Modernization Command webpage http www.bctmod.army.mil Brigade Combat Team Modernization webpage http www.facebook.com pages Brigade Modernization Command 193578694013981 Brigade Modernization Command Facebook page http www.facebook.com pages Brigade Modernization Command ... BCT Modernization Category Army groups of the United States Army ... more details
Refimprove date February 2008 The Cryptographic Modernization Program is a United States Department of Defense Department of Defense directed, NSA Information Assurance Directorate led effort to transform and modernize Information Assurance capabilities for the 21st century. It has three phases br Replacement All at risk devices to be replaced. br Modernization Integrate modular programmable embedded crypto solutions. br Transformation Be compliant to GIG NetCentric requirements. br The CM is a joint initiative to upgrade the DoD crypto inventory. Of the 1.3 million cryptographic devices in the U.S. inventory, 73 percent will be replaced over the next 10 to 15 years by ongoing and planned C4ISR systems programs, Information Technology modernization initiatives and advanced weapons platforms. Fact date August 2007 All command and control , communications, computer, Intelligence information gathering intelligence , surveillance , reconnaissance , information technology and weapons systems that rely upon cryptography for the provision of assured confidentiality , Data integrity integrity , and authentication services will become a part of this long term undertaking. The Cryptographic Modernization program is a tightly integrated partnership between the NSA, the military departments, operational commands, defense agencies, the Joint Staff , federal government entities and industry. The program is a multi billion dollar, multi year undertaking that will transform cryptographic security capabilities for national security systems at all echelons and points of use. It will exploit new and emerging technologies, provide advanced enabling infrastructure capabilities, and at the same time, modernize legacy devices that are now operationally employed. The program also directly supports the DoD vision of the Global Information Grid . The security configuration features enable new cryptosystems to provide secure information delivery anywhere on the global grid while using the grid ... more details
The Food Safety Modernization Act FSMA , also called the Food Safety Act, was signed into law on January 4, 2011. ref http www.foodsafetynews.com 2011 01 fda food safety modernization act out of the box ref HR2751 The law gives the Food and Drug Administration FDA the authority to order recalls of contaminated food, amongst other powers not here disclosed, a power it did not have prior to the possible enactment of the Food Safety Act. ref http www.csmonitor.com Business 2011 0105 Food safety law Six ways it will make food safer Mandatory recalls ref As a major overhaul of food safety laws and regulations, the acts stated purpose is to provide a safer food supply and a more stable food industry, but, it will also vastly broaden the power of the FDA to regulate any aspect of food production. Congress agreed that the need for food safety enhancements was pressing due to the large burden of foodborne illness in the United States. ref http www.fda.gov Food FoodSafety FSMA ucm237934.htm ref Approximately 48 million people, or 1 out of 6 people in the United States, will suffer from foodborne illness, 128,000 are hospitalized, and 3,000 die each year according to CDC estimates. ref http www.cdc.gov foodborneburden ref The FSMA includes five main areas of food safety enhancements ref http www.fda.gov Food FoodSafety FSMA ucm237934.htm ref Preventive controls The FSMA will shift the FDA s approach to food safety from responding to outbreaks to preventing them. This will be accomplished by holding food production facilities accountable for implementing safe and effective measures to prevent contamination. Inspection and Compliance The FDA will use existing resources to modify inspection ... of food safety officials. FDA The Food Safety Modernization Act of 2010 overhauls the Food and Drug ... along with the GPRA Modernization Act of 2010 . The cost for the first five years is projected to be 1.4 ... 2012 01 the food safety modernization act one year later ref A similar set of New Zealand rules ... more details
institute better training for maintenance personnel, or 6 create a large scale modernization and rehabilitation ... behind the rear funnel. This modernization was designed to extend the life of the destroyer by at least ... FRAM Fleet Rehabilitation And Modernization Photos circa 1960 s Category History of the United States Navy Category Destroyers of the United States Navy de Fleet Rehabilitation and Modernization it Programma FRAM pl Fleet Rehabilitation and Modernization ru FRAM ... more details
Modernization of Investigative Techniques Act, Bill C74 was first introduced in the Canadian House of Commons on November 15, 2005. ref cite web first Parliament of Canada title LEGISinfo House of Government Bill C 74 url http www.parl.gc.ca LegisInfo BillDetails.aspx?Mode 1&billId 3997477&Language E publisher Government of Canada accessdate October 24, 2011 ref Introduced as a part of a package of lawful access proposals, Modernization of Investigative Techniques Act MITA if passed, would require telephone and internet service providers to design, create and maintain interception capabilities into existing networks and into new technologies as they are introduced into Canada. Second, it would allow law enforcement to compel telephone and internet service providers to disclose subscriber information without a warrant. ref cite web last Geist first Michael title The Lawful Access Spin url http www.michaelgeist.ca content view 1009 125 accessdate October 24, 2011 ref Background Under the Criminal Code of Canada Act, lawful access provisions for the interception of communications by law enforcement was first adopted in 1974. ref name justice.gc.ca cite web first Department of Justice Canada title Lawful Access Consultation Document Summary of Submissions to the Lawful Access Consultation url http www.justice.gc.ca eng cons la al sum res faq.html accessdate October 24, 2011 ref The Criminal Code was amended in the 1980s and again in the 1990s to allow law enforcement the ability to search and seize computer systems. ref name justice.gc.ca In 1984 the Canadian Security Intelligence ... communication in defense of national security. ref name justice.gc.ca Supporters of Modernization ... Parliament by the, then Liberals government, including Modernization of Investigative Techniques ... s Bill C 416 and C 285 Liberal MP Marlene Jennings re introduced Modernization of Investigative ... 3627149&Language E&Mode 1&View 3 accessdate October 24, 2011 ref In both instances, Modernization of Investigative ... more details
The Legal Tender Modernization Act USBill 107 HR 2528 was a bill proposed by United States Representative Jim Kolbe of Arizona in 2002. Its main goal was to stop the continual production of Cent United States coin pennies . The bill also mentions other provisions including Allows the Bureau of Engraving and Printing to print postage stamps, currency, and security documents for foreign governments and U.S. states or political subdivisions in order to make foreign currency consistent with U.S. foreign policy . Five different new designs each year for the United States two dollar bill 2 Federal reserve notes . Prohibits redesigning the United States one dollar bill 1 Federal Reserve Note , as it is not as inclined into being counterfeited therefore there is no need of a redesign. States that the seigniorage the U.S. government s profit earned from selling money to the Federal Reserve should be included in the budget as a receipt. The bill failed to advance in the house and died when the 107th Congress adjourned. Criticism Critics of the Legal Tender Modernization Act state that by eliminating the penny, the rounding system would increase prices that could hurt the consumer, especially the lower class. Kolbe however has responded to such criticism and has stated that the rounding system favors neither the consumer nor the retailer because the probability of rounding up or down is 50 percent either way it would all come out even in the end. ref http www.gop.gov item news.asp?docId 42718 ref Other common criticisms include charitable causes depending on the penny, its perceived historical importance, and the adverse effect on the zinc industry as a penny is 97.5 zinc. ref http www.pennies.org profit.html dead link date May 2011 ref ref cite web author By Annelena Lobb, CNN Money Staff Writer url http money.cnn.com 2002 04 11 pf q pennies title Should the penny go? Apr. 11, 2002 publisher Money.cnn.com date 2002 04 12 accessdate 2011 05 05 ref See also Penny United States coin ... more details
passedvote4 signedpresident signeddate amendments The Food Safety Modernization Act of 2010 ... to preventing it The Food Safety Modernization Act FSMA has given the Food and Drug Administration ... 900px right President Obama signs FSMA into law. Need for the Food Safety and Modernization Act Due ... web title Background on the FDA Food Safety Modernization Act url http www.fda.gov Food FoodSafety ... name FDA Food Safety Modernization Act Overview cite web title FDA Food Safety Modernization Act ... 04 16 12 ref The FDA Food Safety Modernization Act FSMA , enables Food and Drug Administration FDA ... Safety Modernization Act What do the new laws mean for small farms and producers? publisher New England ..., the Food Safety and Modernization Act. The bill was passed by the Senate in November 2010 by a vote ... qa0811 food safety modernization act legislative update.aspx title The Food Safety Modernization Act ... article.asp?id 4005&sub sub2 title FDA Food Safety Modernization Act Marking a New Era in U.S. Food ... Report on Implementing the Food Safety Modernization Act January March 2012 publisher FDA FSMA accessdate ... Local 20Foods QA Tester Amendment.pdf title S. 510 Food Safety Modernization Act Healthy Local Foods ... more details
Refimprove date December 2007 main History of the People s Liberation Army The military modernization program of the People s Liberation Army which began in the late 1970s had three major focuses. First, under the political leadership of Deng Xiaoping , the military became disengaged from civilian politics and, for the most part, resumed the political quiescence that characterized its pre Cultural ..., modernization required the reform of military organization , military doctrine doctrine , military ... new Military uniform uniforms and insignia . The third focus of military modernization was the transformation ... the military and to promote military modernization. To accomplish his objectives, Deng revitalized ... officers shared common views with the Deng leadership over military modernization and the fundamental ... and the great strides made in military modernization in recent years. Military organization By 1987 ... control over the PLA. The Ministry of National Defense was responsible for military modernization ... modernization plans. Headed by the chief of general staff, the department served as the headquarters ... modernization program in the 1980s. Senior officials recognized that improving the military ... force academies. Training reforms Before the military modernization program began, PLA training ... also trained squad leader s. Personnel Defense modernization brought changes to military personnel policies ... modernization by raising morale, strengthening discipline, and facilitating command and organization ... sustaining modern armed forces was one of the major goals of the military modernization program ... of the Economy of the People s Republic of China Chinese economy under the modernization ... leaders have indeed subordinated military modernization to economic development. United States ... command and support activities, reflecting an emphasis on modernization of the defense structure. Military ... modernization and the desire of Chinese leaders to avoid dependence on any one supplier. The selective ... more details
The Customs Modernization Act USPL 103 182 , USStat 107 2057 , December 8, 1993 , formally Title VI of the North American Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, commonly known as the Mod Act , amended the Tariff Act of 1930 and related laws. The Mod Act has been described as the most sweeping regulatory reform legislation since the U.S. Customs Service now U.S. Customs and Border Protection Customs and Border Protection , or CBP was organized in 1789 and it has become a benchmark for customs authorities around the world. ref U.S. Customs Today, http www.cbp.gov xp CustomsToday 2003 February everything.xml Everything Changed February, 2003 ref The Mod Act introduced two new customs concepts known as informed compliance and shared responsibility. These concepts are premised on the idea that in order to maximize voluntary compliance with Customs laws and regulations, the trade community needs to be clearly and completely informed of its legal obligations. Accordingly, the Mod Act imposes a greater obligation on Customs to provide the public with improved information concerning the trade community s responsibilities and rights under Customs and related laws. In addition, both the trade and Customs share responsibility in carrying out import requirements. Features The principal features of the Mod Act are improvements in customs enforcement generally enhanced regulatory audit procedures clarified drawback authority and new drawback penalties for false drawback claims previously, U.S. customs laws had no penalties for companies that filed false claims, and as such companies had no incentive to expend the effort to file the claims correctly. the creation of a National Customs Automation Program and the acceptance of reconciliations with respect to prior entry summaries. Section 637 of the Mod Act amended section 484 of the Tariff Act of 1930, and imposed on importers for the first time a statutory duty to exercise Reasonable care United States reasonable care in providing ... more details
image Hpcmp logo hp.gif right The High Performance Computing Modernization Program HPCMP is a program within the United States Department of Defense started in 1993 to modernize the Military of the United States U.S. military s supercomputer supercomputing infrastructure. It is under the direction of the Deputy Under Secretary of Science and Technology , which is in turn under the direction of the Director of Defense Research and Engineering . The Defense Research and Engineering Network a high speed national computer network for computational research, engineering, and testing is a significant program within the HPCMP. The director is http www.hpcmo.hpc.mil Htdocs HPCMO Staff cray henry index.html Cray J. Henry . Computers under evaluation for purchase by the HPCMP are evaluated and results reported in HABU equivalent s. External links http www.hpcmo.hpc.mil High Performance Computing Modernization Program http www.chips.navy.mil archives 03 spring PDF HPCMP.pdf The High Performance Computing Modernization Program By Cray Henry, Susan Pfeiffer Vega and Bill Gabor. Category United States Department of Defense US mil stub ... more details
The Weather Service Modernization Act of 1992 , Public Law 102 567, Title VIi, 106 Stat. 4303, was a bill put forward to the 102nd Congress in 1991 1992 to modernize the technology and operations of the National Weather Service NWS . It was discussed in sessions of Congress for two years. ref cite web url http www.govtrack.us congress bill.xpd?bill h102 5992 title H.R. 5992 Weather Service Modernization Act of 1992 accessdate 13 December 2011 ref On September 22, 1992, it was referred to the House Committee on Science, Space and Technology. The bill was proposed as a time when the U.S. Congress had considerable interest in the NWS Modernization Program which would impact upon local weather offices. The bill was finally enacted on October 29 1992 and signed by President George H. Bush . ref name Counsel cite book author House, Office of the Law Revision Counsel title United States Code, 2006, V. 8, Title 15, Commerce and Trade, Sections 80a 1 to End url http books.google.com books?id cDdN06IYWqoC ... . Committee on National Weather Modernization author2 Charles L. Hosler author3 National Research Council ... effect The Weather Service Modernization Act of 1992 came at a time when a new framework was needed ... to ensure to that Congress made it compulsory of the Secretary of Commerce to certify that the modernization ... by the plan of modernization at a local level. ref name Services2003 cite book author National ... 9 page 58 ref The Modernization Act effectively made it law that the network should provide complete ... Service Modernization Act of 1992 was put forward as part of the Department of Commerce s annual ... Research Council NRC for a review of the scientific and technical modernization criteria by which ... 13 December 2011 ref 2. Publish in the Federal Register final modernization criteria based on such NRC ... modernization criteria established above. ref name GT 3. Commissioning an automated surface observing ... weather service users with respect to the provision of information regarding NWS modernization and restructuring ... more details
Infobox U.S. legislation name Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act fullname acronym Medicare Modernization Act or MMA enacted by effective date public law url cite public law cite statutes at large acts amended title amended sections created sections amended leghisturl introducedin House introducedbill Medicare Prescription Drug and Modernization Act of 2003 introducedby Representative Dennis J. Hastert introduceddate June 25, 2003 committees passedbody1 House passeddate1 June 27, 2003 passedvote1 216 215, 1 Present passedbody2 Senate passeddate2 July 7, 2003 passedvote2 Unanimous Consent conferencedate November 21, 2003 passedbody3 House passeddate3 November 22, 2003 passedvote3 220 215 passedbody4 Senate passeddate4 November 25, 2003 passedvote4 http www.senate.gov legislative LIS roll call lists roll call vote cfm.cfm?congress 108&session 1&vote 00459 54 44 signedpresident George W. Bush signeddate December 8, 2003 amendments The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act ref USPL 108 173 , USStat 117 2066 ref also called the Medicare Modernization Act or MMA is a federal law of the United States, enacted in 2003. ref cite web url http www.cms.hhs.gov PrescriptionDrugCovGenIn 01 Overview.asp title Medicare Modernization Act Update Overview publisher Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services accessdate 2007 03 30 ref It produced the largest ... roll332.xml title FINAL VOTE RESULTS FOR ROLL CALL 332 Medicare Prescription Drug and Modernization ... Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003, the compensation and business ... MA 2005 . E Prescribing And The Medicare Modernization Act Of 2003 Health Affairs, 24, no. 5 ... Services CMS https www.cms.gov mmaupdate downloads pl108 173summary.pdf Medicare Modernization ... Medicare Modernization Act at Medicare.gov http www.medicare.gov pdphome.asp Prescription Drug Coverage ... Drug, Improvement, And Modernization Act Category 2003 in law Category Medicare and Medicaid United ... more details
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