PhysRevE.69.066133 ref Modularity maximization One of the most widely used methods for community detection is modularity maximization. ref name fast Modularity networks Modularity is a benefit function that measures the quality of a particular division of a network into communities. The modularity maximization ... that have particularly high modularity. Since exhaustive search over all possible divisions is usually .... volume 2005 issue 09 pages P09008 doi 10.1088 1742 5468 2005 09 P09008 ref The usefulness of modularity optimization is however questionable on the one hand, it has been shown that modularity optimization often fails to detect clusters smaller than some scale, depending on the size of the network Modularity ... 1 pmc 1765466 ref on the other hand the landscape of modularity values is characterized by a huge degeneracy of partitions with high modularity, close to the absolute maximum, which may be very different ... title The performance of modularity maximization in practical contexts journal Phys. Rev. E volume 81 ... by optimizing modularity in a local way. Second, it aggregates nodes of the same community and builds ... of modularity is attained. Clique based methods Clique s are subgraphs in which every node is connected ..., researchers have compared the modularity networks modularity values of different algorithms applied to the same networks to see which algorithms find the community structures with highest modularity ... more details
Wiktionary module modular TOCright Module or modular may refer to the concept of modularity . It may also refer to Computing and engineering Modular design , the engineering discipline of designing complex devices using separately designed sub components Computer module , an early packaging technique that combined several electronic components to produce a single logic element Multi chip module , a modern technique that combines several complex computer chips into a single larger unit. Memory module , a physical stick of RAM, an essential piece of computer hardware Modular programming , a software design technique Modular Function Deployment , a method in systems engineering and product development Ontology modularization , a methodological principle in ontology engineering Loadable kernel module an object file that contains code to extend the running kernel Gear The module system Module , a measure of a gear s pitch Modules Environment Environment Modules , a software tool designed to help users manage their UNIX or Linux shell environment Science and mathematics Module mathematics over a ring, a generalization of vector spaces Modularity networks , a benefit function that measures the quality of a division of a Complex network into communities Protein module or protein domain Music Module musician , the solo project of New Zealand based musician producer Jeramiah Ross Module file , a family of music file formats Modular Recordings , a record label Sound module , electronic musical instrument without a human playable interface Other uses NTC Module , a Russian research and development center ModulArt , a technique used in contemporary art where a large structure painting is made up of multiple smaller modules. Ford Modular engine , Ford s line of OHC V8 and V10 motors An Adventure Dungeons & Dragons , formerly referred to as a module Vitruvian module , an architectural measure See also Modulus disambiguation Atomicity disambiguation MODUL disambiguation bg ... more details
Infobox OS name S.Ha.R.K. logo screenshot caption developer Pisa Sant Anna Sant Anna School of Advanced Studies source model Open source kernel type Microkernel supported platforms ui family Unix like real time operating system s released latest release version 1.5.3 latest release date January 17, 2007 latest test version latest test date marketing target programmed in prog language language updatemodel package manager working state Current license GNU General Public License website http shark.sssup.it shark.sssup.it S.Ha.R.K. the acronym stands for S oft Ha rd R eal time K ernel is a completely configurable Kernel computer science kernel architecture designed for supporting hard, soft, and non Real time computing real time applications with interchangeable scheduling algorithms. Main features The major benefit of the proposed kernel architecture is that an application can be developed independently from a particular system configuration, so that new modules can be added or replaced in the same application, to evaluate the effects of specific scheduling policies in terms of predictability, overhead, and performance. Applications It has been developed at RETIS Lab, a research facility of the Sant Anna School of Advanced Studies , and at the University of Pavia as a tool for teaching, testing, and developing real time software solutions. It is used, for teaching purposes, in many universities like Sant Anna School of Advanced Studies and Malardalens University Sweden Modularity The kernel is fully modular in terms of scheduling policies, aperiodic servers, and concurrency control protocols, which typically are not modular in traditional operating systems. Modularity is achieved by partitioning the system activities between a generic kernel and a set of modules, which can be registered at initialization time to configure the kernel according to specific application requirements. History S.Ha.R.K. is the evolution of the Hartik Kernel and it is based on the OSLib Proje ... more details
Infobox Software name Helium logo Image Helium framework Logo.png 50px author developer http www.phphelium.com contact Bryan Healey released latest release version 1.1 latest release date release date 2012 04 02 latest preview version latest preview date operating system Cross platform platform language Multilingual genre Web application framework license GNU General Public License website http www.phphelium.com phphelium.com Helium is an open source web application framework written in PHP which implements the Model view controller architectural pattern. It is designed to run either one or multiple websites and services through a monolithic core engine, and makes multilingual translations and mobile implementation easy to manage. History The Helium project started in October 2011. The first version of Helium Helium 1.0 was developed under the GNU General Public License and the most recent stable release v1.1 is available on GitHub, SourceForge and Google Code, as well as on the project website. Architecture overview Helium is written in PHP 5.3 and is designed for MySQL LAMP integration. Flexibility every component of the core framework can be extended or replaced by application code. Modularity programming Modularity applications can be divided up into modules. Extensibility additional functionalities can be added to the framework by command line. Monolithic engine multiple websites and services can run atop the same core framework Intelligent page caching Allows individual subtemplates to be easily cached Features overview Automatic mobile implementation Simple language extensions Multi site single engine centralization A URL routing system. Simple and fast templating RESTful implementation. MVC implementation. Simple, scalable caching system External links http www.phphelium.com phphelium.com , official website http www.phphelium.com docs Helium Documentation https github.com phphelium Helium GitHub http sourceforge.net projects phphelium SourceForge http code.g ... more details
STW may refer to Business Scott Tallon Walker Architects Stop the War Coalition , an anti war group in the United Kingdom Mathematics The Modularity theorem Shimura Taniyama Weil conjecture , a generalization of Fermat s last theorem . Music Salt the Wound , a deathcore band Television STW 9 , a television station in Perth, Australia KSTW , a television station Utility companies Severn Trent Water Sewage treatment , Sewage Treatment Works Other Super Tourenwagen Cup , the German Supertouring car championship until 1999 Sport Touring Wagon, an alternative marketing name for Crossover automobile style vehicles. Shogun Total War , a PC strategy game. IATA code for Stavropol Shpakovskoye Airport STFW Search The Web , a milder version of computer jargon acronym STFW Surviving the World , a daily webcomic . disambig de STW it STW fi STW ... more details
Multiple issues unreferenced December 2009 wikify December 2009 orphan February 2009 Physical markup language PML is a markup language based on XML for communicating a description of physical environments and the objects within them, their relationships to you, each other and the space. Within a location, the devices RFID tags controlled by the PML language act as parts of a browser. Together they render the experience. Each device contains a component that interprets the PML related to the device s capabilities. The physical markup language PML is proposed as a general, standard means for describing physical objects and environments for industrial, commercial and consumer applications. Given the broad scope of this vision, PML is crafted to allow modularity and flexibility. The objective of PML is a simple, general language for describing physical objects for use in monitoring and control of a physical environment particularly through the Internet. Applications include inventory tracking, automatic transaction, supply chain management, machine control and object to object communication Category Automatic identification and data capture Category Markup languages de Physical Markup Language it Physical Markup Language ... more details
Topic based authoring is a Modularity modular content creation approach popular in the technical publications and documentation arenas that supports XML content reuse , content management , and makes the dynamic assembly of personalized information possible. A topic is a discrete piece of content that is about a specific subject , has an identifiable purpose, and can stand alone does not need to be presented in context for the end user to make sense of the content . Topics are also Reuse reusable . They can, when constructed properly without reliance on other content for its meaning , be reused in any context anywhere needed. The Darwin Information Typing Architecture DITA is a standard designed to help authors create topic based content. The standard is managed by the http www.oasis open.org Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards OASIS DITA Technical Committee. External links http dita.xml.org OASIS DITA Focus Area the official OASIS DITA community. http www.ditausers.org DITA Users a member organization helping people get started with topic based structured writing . http www.ditatoo.com DITAToo DITA based content sharing tool Category Technical communication ... more details
Orphan date September 2011 In algebraic geometry , a Dwork family is a one parameter family of hypersurface s depending on an integer n , studied by Bernard Dwork . Originally considered by Dwork in the context of local zeta function s, such families have been shown to have relationships with mirror symmetry string theory mirror symmetry and extensions of the modularity theorem . ref http www.ams.org journals bull 2007 44 04 S0273 0979 07 01178 0 S0273 0979 07 01178 0.pdf, p. 545. ref Definition The Dwork family is math x 1 n x 2 n cdots x n n n lambda x 1x 2 cdots x n , math References Citation last1 Katz first1 Nicholas M. title Algebra, arithmetic, and geometry in honor of Yu. I. Manin. Vol. II url http www.math.princeton.edu nmk dworkfam64.pdf publisher Birkh user Boston location Boston, MA series Progr. Math. mr 2641188 year 2009 volume 270 chapter Another look at the Dwork family pages 89 126 reflist Category Algebraic geometry ... more details
to retain modularity. This allows for the clean isolation and reuse of code addressing the cross ..., software engineering benefits are effected, including modularity and simplified maintenance. ref name ... more details
time , and flexibility in design, modularity offers other benefits such as augmentation adding new ... exchanges , pipe organ s and electric power distribution systems. Computers use modularity to overcome .... A downside to modularity and this depends on the extent of modularity is that modular systems ..., K.B. and Baldwin, C.Y., Design Rules. Vol. 1 The Power of Modularity Cambridge, Massachusetts MIT Press 2000 ISBN 0 262 02466 7 Baldwin, C.Y., Clark, K.B., The Option Value of Modularity in Design Harvard ... yfcai Presentations Modularity 20in 20Design CMU.ppt Modularity in Design Formal Modeling & Automated Analysis http www.connected.org media modular.html Modularity upgrading to the next generation ... more details
you can think of. Structure and Modularity programming Modularity vlibTemplate will help you a great deal about modularity and structure of your code. It will help you to create cleaner code, too ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Infobox programming language name Modula paradigm released Start date 1975 designer developer Niklaus Wirth Wirth typing dialects influenced by Pascal programming language Pascal influenced website The Modula programming language is a descendent of the Pascal programming language Pascal programming language . It was developed in Switzerland in the late 1970s by Niklaus Wirth , the same person who designed Pascal. The main innovation of Modula over Pascal is a modularity programming module system , used for grouping sets of related declarations into program units hence the name Modula . Modula was never released, and its development was discontinued after its publication Wirth then concentrated his efforts on Modula s successors Modula 2 , Oberon programming language Oberon , Modula 2 and Modula 3 . Although Wirth never released Modula, a compiler from the University of York , UK, was released. Category Procedural programming languages Category Modula programming language family Category Programming languages created in 1975 prog lang stub ar de Modula it Modula no Modula pl Modula pt Modula ru ... more details
The SmarTruck II was designed and engineering engineered by Bran Ferren of Applied Minds for the U.S. Army Tank automotive and Armaments Command s National Automotive Center NAC from a modified Chevrolet Chevrolet Silverado Silverado . The 6 wheeled 3 axle truck was designed to use a quick change modular system to utilize many types of equipment on the same base vehicle such as a guided missile launcher with a convert 3 km mi range, a launcher for a remote controlled unmanned aerial vehicle , power distribution, lighting, etc. The stated mission of the vehicle is counter terrorism for the United States Department of Homeland Security , but could be easily adapted for other uses medical response, emergency power and lighting, unlimited modularity. NAC executive director Dennis Wend says that he was inspired by a James Bond film when producing the SmarTrucks. Additional Features The SmarTruck II has a night vision system , a 50x zoom video system with thermal imaging and surveillance radar , cameras covering 360 including one under the vehicle , and a 12,000 pound force pound , straight line hydraulic machinery hydraulic towing winch. The grille is covered by a metal bullet bullet resistant brushguard . Variants Variants of the SmarTruck II are designed to carry water or additional communication s equipment. See also SmarTruck I External links http www.icrcsolutions.com ICRC Solutions mil vehicle stub Category Military trucks ... more details
In this psychological approach, gene gene interaction, gene environment interaction and, crucially, the process of ontogeny pre and post natal development are all considered to play a vital role in how the brain progressively sculpts itself and how it gradually becomes specialised over developmental time. Neuroplasticity is considered an essential part of development. Supporters of neuroconstructivism, such as Annette Karmiloff Smith , argue against innate modularity of the mind. Instead, emphasis is put on innate domain relevant biases. These biases are understood as aiding learning and directing attention. Module like structures are therefore the product of both experience and these innate biases. Neuroconstructivism can therefore be seen as a bridge between Jerry Fodor s Psychological nativism and Jean Piaget s Theory of cognitive development . See also Constructivism disambiguation Constructivism References references http www3.interscience.wiley.com journal 118545418 abstract?CRETRY 1&SRETRY 0 Abstract of article from Developmental Science Vol. 10 Issue 1, Pages 75 83 Further reading cite book title Neuroconstructivism I How the Brain Constructs Cognition author Mareschal D, Johnson M, Sirois S, Spratling M, Thomas M, Westermann G publisher Oxford University Press isbn 0198529902 year 2007 psych stub Category Neuropsychology Category Neuroscience ... more details
CEN TC 251 European Committee for Standardization CEN Technical Committee 251 is a workgroup within the European Union working on standardization in the field of Health Information and Communications Technology ICT in the European Union . The goal is to achieve compatibility and interoperability between independent systems and to enable modularity in Electronic Health Record systems. Workgroups establish requirements for health information structure in order to support clinical and administrative procedures, technical methods to support interoperable systems. In addition they establish requirements regarding safety, security and quality. Workgroups Information models WG I Terminology and knowledge representation WG II Security, Safety and Quality WG III http www.cs.tut.fi sgn wgiv Technology for Interoperability WG IV See also ContSys EHRcom European Institute for Health Records Health Informatics Service Architecture HISA HIPAA USA Health Level 7 International International Classification of Primary Care ICPC ISO TC 215 openehr openEHR Foundation ProRec External links http www.centc251.org CEN TC 251 http www.cen.eu CEN Sectors TechnicalCommitteesWorkshops CENTechnicalCommittees Pages Standards.aspx?param 6232&title CEN 2FTC 251 CEN TC 251 Published standards CEN TC 251 is a member of the http www.global e health standards.org Joint Initiative on SDO Global Health Informatics Standardization http www.jointinitiativecouncil.org Joint Initiative Council EU stub Category Health standards Category EN standards ... more details
Multiple issues wikify March 2012 technical February 2011 no footnotes September 2011 Modular function deployment MFD is a systematic method and procedure for company supportive product modularization . Five steps MFD consists of five major steps. It starts with quality function deployment QFD analysis to establish customer requirements and to identify important design requirements with a special emphasis on modularity. The functional requirements on the product are analysed and technical solutions are selected. This is followed by systematic generation and selection of modular concepts, in which the module indication matrix MIM is used to identify possible modules by examining the interrelationships between module drivers and technical solutions. MIM also provides a mechanism for investigating opportunities of integrating multiple functions into single modules. The expected effects of the redesign can be estimated and an evaluation can be carried out for each modular concept. The MIM is then re used to identify opportunities for further improvements to the single modules. References Gunnar Erixon Modular Function Deployment A Method for Product Modularisation , Ph.D. Thesis http users.du.se gex paper drabs.htm , The Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 1998. TRITA MSM R 98 1, ISSN 1104 2141, ISRN KTH MSM R 98 1 SE. Application of the Modular Function Deployment Tool on a pressure regulator, Gilles Clemen Rotarex Automotive S.A., Lintgen Luxembourg http www.fh kl.de albert.meij Zusammenfassung 20Gilles 20Clemen.pdf Category Holism Category Product development Category Systems engineering engineering stub ... more details
A point of delivery , or POD , is a module of network, compute, storage, and application components that work together to deliver networking services. The POD is a repeatable pattern, and its components maximize the modularity, scalability, and manageability of data centers. ref http www.cisco.com en US prod collateral switches ps9441 ps10110 data sheet c78 507093.html wp9000106 ref The concept of a design pattern is nothing new in computer or network architecture. In particular, the modular design principle has long been applied to telephone and data networks, for instance through a repeatable Node networking node design describing the configuration of equipment housed in point of presence facilities. The term is similarly used in cable video networks ref http www.cablelabs.com news pr 2000 2000 01 18.html ref , to describe the modular component that delivers video service to a subscriber. The distinction of a POD versus other design pattern s is that it is a System deployment deployable module which delivers a Service economics service . The POD design pattern is especially important in service provider infrastructure , for instance in Data center datacenters supporting cloud computing Service economics services , in order to sustain scalability as usage grows. References Reflist Compu stub Compu network stub Tech stub Category Network architecture Category Software design patterns Category Systems engineering ... more details
saved book title Evolutionary psychology subtitle cover image cover color Evolutionary psychology Introduction Evolutionary psychology Gene centered view of evolution Evolutionary psychology controversy Effects explained by evolutionary psychology Cognitive Modularity of mind Agent detection Biophilia hypothesis Reciprocal altruism Cognitive description Social Cognitive fluidity Cognitive module Cinderella effect Trivers Willard hypothesis Youthfulness Social Sex Sexual selection in human evolution Why Is Sex Fun? Why Is Sex Fun? The Evolution of Human Sexuality Hypergamy Sexual jealousy Societal Evolutionary psychology of religion Evolutionary origin of religions Human Behavior and Evolution Society Dunbar s number Evolutionary psychology of leadership Suicide Fields of evolutionary psychology Evolutionary developmental psychology Evolutionary developmental psychopathology Evolutionary educational psychology Evolutionary ethics Evolutionary neuropathology Evolutionary psychology research groups and centers Human nature International Association for the Cognitive Science of Religion Just so story Mental environment Psychological adaptation Social defeat History Folk biology Standard social science model Tinbergen s four questions The Adapted Mind Glenn Wilson psychologist Glenn Wilson Category Wikipedia books on psychology Category Wikipedia books on biology Evolutionary Psychology ... more details
IOM is a system architecture and its bus for communication between various VLSI IC s for the lower layers ref. OSI model of ISDN . It was developed by Siemens today Infineon , current revision is IOM 2. Its purpose is to enable modularity. Second sources are AMD , Alcatel , Plessey . IOM 2 is a 4 wire serial, full duplex link. 2 operation modes are available line card mode and terminal mode which differ only in number and purpose of the channels. Signals are DCL data clock, 16 kHz N, where N number of channels FSC frame sync, 8 kHz DU data upstream DD data downstream Cite book year 1991 title ICs for Communications, IOM 2 Internal Reference Guide publisher Siemens AG Cite book year 1994 title ICs for Communications, ISDN Subscriber Access Controller for Terminals, ISAC STE, PSB2186 User s Manual publisher Siemens AG Cite book last Georg first Otfried year 2000 title Telekommunikationstechnik publisher Springer ISBN 3540668454, 9783540668459 in German, p. 278ff give an overview and some application examples Category Integrated Services Digital Network Telecomm stub ... more details
Multiple issues cleanup January 2010 confusing January 2010 Modular Curved Frame Technology MCFT is a modular manufactured sign system that utilizes pre manufactured curved frame s to connect a variety of graphic and material components parts utilizing tension as a locking mechanism. Sign professionals developed MCFT as part of the evolution in modular sign s to minimize waste and maximize custom design approaches. The Components of MCFT Modularity MCFT utilizes a modular sign system. Standardized units can be assembled in different ways using both standard and custom accessories and attachments. Curved MCFT is based on curved aluminum sign frames that keep inserted materials in place using a tension grip to minimizes the use of adhesives or screw fasteners. Frame System MCFT is a frame system that accepts different types of sign substrates & inserts including engraving , screen printing , photopolymer , ADA and digital printing . Technology MCFT combines modular components with custom approaches. Designers are meant to utilize various combinations of frames, surface materials, printed materials and substrates when developing wayfinding programs. MCFT is one approach to modular signage, or using prefabricated sign elements in multiple combinations. The Society for Environmental Graphic Design and International Sign Association include MCFT as a category of modular signage. Category Signage ... more details
Infobox scientist name Jean Pierre Wintenberger image filename only image size caption birth date birth year and age 1954 birth place Neuilly sur Seine death date death place nationality flag France name French fields Mathematics workplaces University of Strasbourg alma mater Joseph Fourier University doctoral advisor Jean Marc Fontaine doctoral students known for Proof of Serre conjecture number theory Serre s conjecture awards Cole Prize 2011 Jean Pierre Wintenberger born 1954 is a France French mathematician , and currently a professor of mathematics at the University of Strasbourg . He was corecipient of the 2011 Cole Prize in number theory , along with Chandrashekhar Khare , for his proof of Serre conjecture number theory Serre s modularity conjecture . ref http www.ams.org profession prize booklet 2011.pdf ref Wintenberger earned his Doctor of Philosophy Ph.D. at Joseph Fourier University in 1984, under supervision of Jean Marc Fontaine . References Reflist External links MathGenealogy id 56930 Persondata NAME ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1954 PLACE OF BIRTH Neuilly sur Seine DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH Category 1954 births Category Living people Category French mathematicians Category 21st century mathematicians Category Number theorists France mathematician stub de Jean Pierre Wintenberger it Jean Pierre Wintenberger ... more details
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