Infobox Language name Molala nativename familycolor American states United States region Central Oregon and Washington U.S. state Washington extinct 1958 ethnicity Molala people fam1 Plateau Penutian languages Plateau Penutian iso3 mbe Molala Molele, Molalla is the extinct and poorly attested Plateau Penutian language of the Molala people . It is first attested along the Deschutes River Oregon Deschutes River , and later moved to the Molalla River Molalla and Santiam River Santiam rivers, and to the headwaters of the Umpqua River Umpqua and Rogue River Rogue rivers. It was once thought to be close to Cayuse language Cayuse . There were three known dialects Northern Molalla, spoken in southern Oregon in the Cascade Range Upper Santiam Molalla, spoken along the upper Santiam River in the Cascades in central Oregon. Southern Molalla, spoken in southern Oregon in the Cascade Range Category Indigenous languages of Oregon Category Extinct languages of North America Category Indigenous languages of the North American Plateau Category Plateau Penutian languages na lang stub es Idioma molala fr Molala ... more details
The Molala also Molale , Molalla , Molele were a people of the Plateau Indians Plateau culture area in central Oregon , United States . Some consider them extinct, though they are one of the Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon , with 141 of the 882 members in the 1950s claiming Molala descent. Language The Molalla language was a member of the Plateau Penutian family. It was previously considered a language isolate. Molalla is now extinct. History A member of the Molalla may figure prominently in the history of Oregon Oregon s first militia. During the period of the initial Provisional Government of Oregon , the 1843 Organic Laws of Oregon provided for a militia. The first opportunity to deploy the recently formed Oregon militia came on March 4, 1844, when the territorial government s recorder George LeBreton and another person in Oregon City were killed, supposedly by a member of the Molalla. Their deaths spurred the organization of a company of 25 men calling themselves the Oregon Rangers at the Oregon Institute . Though the company of mounted riflemen never saw action, they were briefly led by Captain Thomas D. Keizer and then by Charles H. Bennett soldier Charles H. Bennett . Bibliography Horner, John B. 1921 . Oregon Her History, Her Great Men, Her Literature . The J.K. Gill Co. Portland. Mithun, Marianne. 1999 . The languages of Native North America . Cambridge Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0 521 23228 7 hbk ISBN 0 521 29875 X. Pharris, Nicholas J. 2006 . Winuunsi Tm Talapaas A grammar of the Molalla Language. University of Michigan Ph.D. dissertation and winner of the 2006 Mary Haas Award of the Society for the Study of Indigenous Languages of the Americas. External links http logos.uoregon.edu explore oregon mhistory.html Molala History Oregon Native History Oregon Brief History Category Native American tribes in Oregon Category Native ... NorthAm native stub Oregon stub es Idioma molala fr Molala hr Molala ru ... more details
Molalla or Molala may refer to one of these Oregon related articles Molala people , a Native American tribe who traditionally lived near the Molalla River it s unclear if the river took the name from the people or vice versa Katr67 03 08 2009 Molala language, the language spoken by the Molala people Molalla River , a river in Clackamas County Molalla, Oregon , a city named after the river Molalla Buckeroo , an annual rodeo held in Molalla Molalla Prairie, Oregon , an unincorporated area, designated as a hamlet, south of the city of Molalla disambig Excessive long comment to prevent listing on shortpages ... more details
Infobox language name Cayuse nativename states United States region Oregon extinct 1930s familycolor American family Unclassified iso3 xcy The Cayuse language Cailloux, Willetpoos is an extinct unclassified language formerly spoken by the Cayuse Native Americans of the United States Native American tribe in the U.S. state of Oregon . The Cayuse name for themselves was Liksiyu see Aoki 1998 . Similarities to Molala language Molala are thought to have been due to language contact contact . References Aoki, Haruo. 1998 . A Cayuse Dictionary based on the 1829 records of Samuel Black, the 1888 records of Henry W. Henshaw and others. Manuscript. The Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation. Rigsby, Bruce. 1965 . Linguistic Relations in the Southern Plateau. PhD dissertation, University of Oregon. http logos.uoregon.edu explore oregon cayuse.html Languages of Oregon Cayuse page Category Unclassified languages of North America Category Indigenous languages of the North American Plateau Category Indigenous languages of Oregon Category Extinct languages na lang stub ca Cayuse es Idioma cayuse fr Cayuse langue ru ... more details
Image Reserva Grande Ronde.PNG right thumb Tribal flag The Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon CTGR consists of twenty seven Native Americans in the United States Native American tribes with long historical ties to present day Western Oregon between the western boundary of the Oregon Coast and the eastern boundary of the Cascade Range , and the northern boundary of southwestern Washington U.S. state Washington , and the southern boundary of Northern California . Members of the confederation The tribes who were removed to Grand Ronde are Chasta or Shasta from present day Oregon and California bands of the Shasta tribe Shasta Nations Chasta Costa Southern Oregon Athapaskan speakers Kalapuya people Kalapuya Yamel Kalapuya people Yamhill , Mary s River, Winfelly Mohawk people Oregon Mohawk , Atfalati Tualatin , Yoncalla Kommema , Ahanyichuk, Santiam Molala people Molalla Santiam Band, and Molala Rogue River tribe Rogue River ref Rogue Rivers several tribes grouped together based on the Rogue River Wars of 1855 1857. These tribes are in the Illinois and Rogue River areas of southwest Oregon and northern California. They were split between the Grand Ronde Reservation Yamhill River Reserve and the Confederated Tribes of Siletz after the Rogue River Treaty of September 10, 1853. add other relevant treaties ref Historically an erroneous name conglomerating Takelma , Upper Umpqua tribe Umpqua and Athapaskan tribes Klickitat tribe Klickitat Chinook people Chinook Thomas Band Chinook, Williams Band Chinook, Johns Band Chinook, Clackamas Chinook Oregon City Tillamook tribe Tillamook Salmon River, Nehalem, Oregon Nehalem , Nestucka French Canadian Iroquoian Treaties affecting the CTGR Treaty with the Chasta, etc. , 1854 Treaty with the Kalapuya, etc. , 1855 Treaty with the Molala , 1855 Treaty with the Rogue River, 1853 Treaty with the Rogue River, 1854 Treaty with the Umpqua and Kalapuya , 1854 The reservation today The community has an 11,040 acre 45 ... more details
Image North America satellite orthographic.jpg 230px right This is a list of extinct languages of North America , languages which have undergone language death , have no native speakers and no Historical language spoken descendant , most of them being languages of former Indigenous peoples of the Americas Native American tribes. Canada Beothuk language Beothuk Laurentian language Laurentian Newfoundland Irish Pentlatch language Pentlatch Tsetsaut language Tsetsaut Western Abnaki Wyandot language Wyandot Greenland Greenlandic Norse Mexico Chicomuceltec language Chicomuceltec Cochim language Cochim Classical Nahuatl Classical N huatl Guaycura language Guaycura Tabasco N huatl language Tabasco N huatl Pame Sur language Pame Sur Tepecano language Tepecano Tubar language Tubar United States Eastern Abnaki language Abnaki, Eastern Adai language Adai Ais language Ais Alsea language Alsea Apalachee language Apalachee Atakapa language Atakapa Barbare o language Barbare o Biloxi language Biloxi Calusa language Calusa Cayuse language Cayuse Upper Chehalis language Chehalis Chimariko language Chimariko Chitimacha language Chitimacha Coquille language Coquille Utian languages Costanoan, Northern Utian languages Costanoan, Southern Cowlitz language Cowlitz Cruze o language Cruze o Delaware, Pidgin language Delaware, Pidgin Eel River Athabaskan Esselen language Esselen Etchemin Eyak language Eyak Galice Applegate Hanis language Hanis Inese o language Inese o Iowa Oto language Iowa Oto Island Chumash Jersey Dutch Karkin language Karkin Kathlamet Kitsai language Kitsai Kwalhioqua Clatskanie Loup A Loup B Lower Chinook Lumbee language Lumbee Mahican Maidu, Valley language Maidu, Valley Martha s Vineyard Sign Language Massachusett Mattole Bear River Miami language Miami Illinois Miluk language Miluk Utian languages Miwok Bay Miwok Utian languages Miwok Coast Miwok Mobilian language Mobilian Mohegan Molala Nanticoke Narragansett tribe Narragansett Natchez language Natchez Nooksack la ... more details
Melville Jacobs July 3, 1902 July 31, 1971 was an American anthropologist known for his extensive fieldwork on cultures of the Pacific Northwest . He was born in New York City . After studying with Franz Boas he became a member of the faculty of the University of Washington in 1928 and remained until his death in 1971. Especially during the earlier part of his career, from 1928 until 1936, he collected large amounts of linguistic data and text from a wide range of languages including Sahaptin language Sahaptin , Molala people Language Molale , Kalapuyan languages Kalapuya , Clackamas tribe Language Clackamas , Tillamook language Tillamook , Alsean languages Alsea , Upper Umpqua language Upper Umpqua , Galice and Chinook Jargon . He left funds to establish the Jacobs Research Fund , which supports anthropological research in the Pacific Northwest. His papers, including extensive raw linguistic material that has provided the basis for subsequent research on now extinct languages, are held by the University of Washington in the Jacobs Archive. He was married to Elizabeth Jacobs , also an anthropologist. Works A Sketch of Northern Sahaptin Grammar 1931 Notes on the Structure of Chinook Jargon 1932 Northwest Sahaptin Texts, I 1934 Texts in Chinook Jargon 1936 Northwest Sahaptin Texts, II 1937 Coos Narrative and Ethnologic Texts 1939 Coos Myth Texts 1940 Historic Perspectives in Indian Languages of Oregon and Washington 1941 Kalapuya Texts 1945 Outline of Anthropology 1947 General Anthropology A Brief Survey of Physical, Cultural, and Social Anthropology 1952 Clackamas Chinook Texts 1959 The People are Coming Soon Analyses of Clackamas Chinook Myths and Tales 1960 Pattern in Cultural Anthropology 1964 The Anthropologist Looks at Myth 1966 References Winters, Christopher. International Dictionary of Anthropologists. New York Garland, 1991 Seaburg, William. Badger and Coyote Were Neighbors Melville Jacobs on Northwest Indian Myths and Tales , Oregon State University Press E ... more details
Infobox military unit unit name Oregon Rangers image caption dates 1844 1846 country Provisional Government of Oregon br Flag icon Oregon allegiance branch type militia role size company command structure garrison garrison label nickname patron motto colors colors label march mascot equipment equipment label battles Battle Creek, Oregon anniversaries decorations battle honours Commanders commander1 commander1 label commander2 commander2 label commander3 commander3 label notable commanders Thomas D. Keizer, Captain Charles H. Bennett soldier Charles Bennett , First Lieutenant A.A. Robinson The Oregon Rangers were the first organized militia of settlers in the Willamette Valley of what became the U.S. state of Oregon , but at the time was the Oregon Country . Organized in 1844, the Provisional Government of Oregon never called the troops out to service. Later a second militia was formed in 1846 with the same name and some of the same members, lasting a few months. Formation On March 4, 1844, a Molala people Molala or Clackamas people Clackamas Native American tribal member named Cockstock attacked and killed two settlers. ref name Brown Brown, J. Henry 1892 . Political History of Oregon Provisional Government . The Lewis & Dryden Printing Co. Portland. pp. 115 6, 127 30, 236. ref ref name Horner Horner, John B. 1921 . Oregon Her History, Her Great Men, Her Literature . The J.K. Gill Co. Portland. ref One of these settlers was George LeBreton , Recorder for the Provisional Government. ref name Brown In response to this attack, the government met March 9 to authorize the formation of a militia. ref name Brown Thus the first militia in Oregon was formed on March 23, 1844 under the command of Thomas D. Keizer , and called themselves the Oregon Rangers. ref name Brown A total of 25 men enlisted in the group including Webley John Hauxhurst , Isaac Hutchens , John B. Keizer, Lindsay Applegate , William H. Gray Oregon politician William Henry Gray , John Ford, and Daniel Wald ... more details
The Grand Ronde Community is an Indian reservation located on several non contiguous sections of land in southwestern Yamhill County, Oregon Yamhill County and northwestern Polk County, Oregon Polk County , Oregon , United States , about convert 18 mi km east of Lincoln City, Oregon Lincoln City , near the community of Grand Ronde, Oregon Grand Ronde . Various tribes and bands from all parts of Western Oregon were removed from their homes in the mid 19th century and placed on this reservation. It is owned by the Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon . The reservation has a land area of 16.384 sq mi 42.434 km and a United States Census, 2000 2000 census resident population of 55 persons. Historical summary Since 6,000 B.C. or earlier, the Rogue River, Umpqua Native Americans Umpqua , Chasta , Kalapuya people Kalapuya , Molala Molalla , Salmon River, Tillamook tribe Tillamook , and Nestucca Indians lived in their traditional homelands 1854 1857 In the wake of the Rogue River Wars , the Grand Ronde reservation established by treaty arrangements in 1854 and 1855 and an Executive Order of June 30, 1857 1856 Fort Yamhill built next to reservation 1860 s Arrival of the Belgian Catholic missionary Father Adrien Croquet renamed Crockett , uncle of the famous Cardinal Mercier later followed by his nephew Joseph Mercier. The non ordained Joseph married into a local tribe, and many present day tribespeople are among his descendants. ref Fr. Cawley Martinus, Father Crockett of Grand Ronde Adrien Joseph Croquet, 1818 1902, Oregon Missionary, 1860 1898 ref 1887 the General Allotment Act makes allotments to individuals totaling slightly over 33,000 acres 130 km of Reservation land. Most of this ends up in the hands of non Indians. 1901 U.S. Inspector James McLaughlin declared a 25,791 acre 104.4 km tract of the reservation surplus and the U.S. sold it for 1.16 per acre 287 km . 1936 Indian Reorganization Act enables the Tribe to re purchase some ... more details
Refimprove date July 2009 Infobox settlement official name Phuthiatsana other name native name nickname settlement type Community Council motto image skyline imagesize image caption image flag flag size image seal seal size image map mapsize map caption pushpin map Lesotho pushpin label position bottom pushpin mapsize 300 pushpin map caption Geographic Center of Community subdivision type Country subdivision name flag Lesotho subdivision type1 Districts of Lesotho District subdivision name1 Berea District subdivision type2 subdivision name2 subdivision type3 subdivision name3 government footnotes government type leader title leader name established title established date area magnitude unit pref Imperial area footnotes area total km2 area land km2 population as of 2006 population footnotes population note population total 25,660 population density km2 timezone Central Africa Time CAT utc offset 2 timezone DST utc offset DST latd 29 latm 07 lats 31 latNS S longd 27 longm 52 longs 48 longEW E elevation footnotes ref GTOPO30 via GeoNames . Retrieved 2010 08 07. ref elevation m 1617 elevation ft postal code type postal code area code blank name blank info website footnotes Coordinates computed from Lesotho Villages file. ref http bbs.keyhole.com Google Earth Download Site Retrieved 2010 07 21. ref Phuthiatsana is a Community councils of Lesotho community council located in the Berea District of Lesotho . Its population in 2006 was 25,660. ref http www.statoids.com yls.html Statoids.com ref Villages The community of Phuthiatsana includes the villages of Cana, Ha Bose, Ha Bulara, Ha Chaba, Ha Hlaonyane, Ha Jane, Ha Kholopane, Ha Koone, Ha Korotsoane, Ha Kotita, Ha Lebina, Ha Lechesa, Ha Lehana, Ha Lenea, Ha Lenea Ha Mamathe , Ha Libenyane, Ha Mahleke, Ha Majara, Ha Malesela, Ha Mamathe, Ha Matelile, Ha Matseleli, Ha Moepi, Ha Mokhathi, Ha Mokhehle, Ha Mokhethi, Ha Mokoma, Ha Molala, Ha Monnanyane, Ha Morolong, Ha Mosethe, Ha Mosobela, Ha Mosoeunyane, Ha Motsoaole, Ha Mots ... more details
ref improve date August 2011 Pacesetters Novels are collection of 130 non fiction novel s written by notable african authors. The series was started in 1977 with the first book called Director by Agbo Areo. File Pacesetters.jpg thumb A selection of Pacesetters books Writing Style Pacesetters Novels were characterised by tragic tales of woe, cautionary tales, and rags to riches and sometimes back to rags tales. Book Cover Artwork The book covers usually featured very garish pictures which served to illustrate the main theme of that particular novel. Authors The authors of the books were noted african novelist and writers. The most celebrated of which are Buchi Emecheta and Helen Ovbiagele . Titles 1. A Picture Of Innocence 2. Agony In Her Voice 3. Angel Of Death 4. Anything For Money 5. The Betrayer 6. Bitter Consequences 7. Bittersweet 8. The Black Temple 9. Blackmailers 10. Bloodbath At Lobster Close 11. Bonds Of Love 12. Border Runners 13. Camera Never Lies 14. Cherished Dreams 15. Child Of The Rainbow 16. Child Of War 17. Christmas In The City 18. Circle Of Betrayal 19. Coup 20. Cross Fire 21. The Cyclist 22. Danger Express 23. Dangerous Inheritance 24. Dangerous Waters 25. Dead Of Night 26. Deadly News 27. Dealers In Death 28. Death Is Woman 29. Dela Boya African Detective 30. The Delinquent 31. Desert Storm 32. Director 33. Double Dating 34. Double Trouble 35. A Dream Called September 36. The Equatorial Assignment 37. Europeans Only? 38. Evbu My Love 39. The Extortionist 40. Felicia 41. Finding Francis 42. Finger Of Suspicion 43. For Better For Worse 44. For Mbatha And Rabeka 45. Forever Yours 46. Forgive Me Maryam 47. Fran Molala Merc Affair 48. A Fresh Start 49. Frozen Fire 50. Give Me Money 51. Gun Merchant 52. Harvest Of Love 53. Have Mercy 54. Hopeful Lovers 55. The Hornet s Nest 56. The Infamous Act 57. The Instrument 58. A Kind Of Marriage 59. The Last Aloe 60. Life Is A Lottery 61. Lost Generation 62. Love 63. Love Letters 64. Love Match 65. Love On The ... more details
Modoc , Molala language Molala , and the Sahaptian languages Nez Perc language Nez Perc and Sahaptin ... Molala Sahaptian languages Sahaptian small Sahaptin small Mexican Penutian grouping Mixe ... Sahaptian Molala Klamath The Wintuan languages , Takelma language Takelma and Kalapuya language ... s c ohl See also Hokan languages Notes Reflist References Berman, Howard. 1996 . The position of Molala ... more details
ethnic group group Klickitat image image Klickitat Brave 1899 Benjamin Gifford.jpg none thumb image caption A Klickitat Brave, 1899 poptime Ca. 600 in 1780 ca. 400 in 1910. popplace United States Washington U.S. state Washington rels langs English language English , Klickitat language Klickitat related Yakama The Klickitat also spelled Klikitat are a Native Americans in the United States Native American tribe of the Pacific Northwest . A Sahaptian languages Shahaptian tribe, their eastern neighbors were the Yakama , who speak a closely related language. Their western neighbors were various Salishan and Chinookan tribes. Their name has been perpetuated in Klickitat County, Washington , Klickitat, Washington , Klickitat Street in Portland, Oregon , and the Klickitat River , a tributary of the Columbia River. The Klickitat were noted for being active and enterprising traders, and served as intermediaries between the coastal tribes and those living east of the Cascade Mountains . Name The ethnonym Klikitat is said to derive from a Chinookan word meaning beyond, in reference to the Rocky Mountains . The Klickitat, however, call themselves Qw lh hwai p m meaning prairie people X x aypam . ref name Jacobs cite book first Melville last Jacobs title A Sketch of Northern Sahaptin Grammar publisher University of Washington Publications in Anthropology volume 4 number 2 year 1931 pages 85 292 ref Other names for the Klickitat include Awi adshi , Molala name. L k a tatt , Puyallup tribe Puyallup name. M hane , Umpqua Native Americans Umpqua name. M lauq tcu w n ti , Alsea tribe Alsea name, meaning scalpers. M n an n qu t nn , Naltunnetunne name, meaning inland people. Tlak tat , Okanagon name. Ts la kay t am m , Kalapuya people Kalapuya name. T uw nxa ikc , Clatsop name. Wahnookt , Cowlitz tribe Cowlitz name. History The ancestral lands of the Klickitat were situated north of the Columbia River , at the headwaters of the Cowlitz, Lewis, White Salmon, and Klickitat ri ... more details
Infobox lake lake name Waldo Lake image lake Waldo Lake.jpg caption lake image bathymetry caption bathymetry location Cascade Mountains , Lane County, Oregon Lane County , Oregon Oregon, USA coords coord 43.718889 N 122.040833 W region US type waterbody display inline,title type Alpine inflow outflow North Fork Middle Fork Willamette River catchment basin countries United States length 5.75 mi 9.25 km width 2.75 mi 4.4 km area convert 10 sqmi abbr on depth 128 ft 39 m mean max depth convert 420 ft abbr on volume convert 0.9537 km3 abbr on residence time 32 years shore elevation convert 5414 ft abbr on islands cities Waldo Lake is a lake in the Cascade Mountains of the U.S. state of Oregon . It is the second largest natural non alkali lake in Oregon with more than 10 square miles 26 km of water and a maximum depth of convert 420 ft m . The lake is named after Oregon politician, judge, and conservationist John B. Waldo . ref Snowshoe Routes Oregon , Shea Andersen, 2001, The Mountaineers Books ISBN 0 89886 833 5 ref Location The lake is located in Lane County, Oregon Lane County at an elevation of convert 5414 ft m above sea level. Access is via United States Forest Service Forest Service Road 5897 from Oregon Route 58 approximately 18 miles 29 km east of Oakridge, Oregon Oakridge . The forest road travels 12 miles 19 km to the lake. History The area was first inhabited by Native Americans in the United States Native Americans , and the lake was later discovered by Molala Molalla Indian Charlie Tufti. ref name ogn cite book last McArthur first Lewis A. authorlink coauthors Lewis L. McArthur title Oregon Geographic Names origyear 1928 edition Seventh year 2003 publisher Oregon Historical Society Press location Portland, Oregon Portland , Oregon isbn 0 87595 277 1 trade paperback , ISBN 0 87595 278 X hardcover ref According to pioneer resident Frank S. Warner it was then named Pengra Lake after Byron J. Pengra , a pioneer railroad champion. ref name ogn La ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
