Maynard, who has managed to make monatomic gold. Nico leaves to Phoenix AZ to check things out. George ... monatomic gold and a safe. Nico has now find a way to move the safe, for the idea is to open ... him that the monatomic gold is used to build a weapon, but George still hopes that Anna isn t evil ... with the monatomic gold, and now they want to use it to destroy the unbelievers. In the room George ... more details
Orphan date January 2011 PBB geneid 26002 DBH like monooxygenase protein 1 , also known as monooxygenase X , is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MOXD1 gene . ref name entrez cite web title Entrez Gene monooxygenase, DBH like 1 url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites entrez?Db gene&Cmd ShowDetailView&TermToSearch 26002 accessdate ref ref name pmid9751809 cite journal author Chambers KJ, Tonkin LA, Chang E, Shelton DN, Linskens MH, Funk WD title Identification and cloning of a sequence homologue of dopamine beta hydroxylase journal Gene volume 218 issue 1 2 pages 111 20 year 1998 month September pmid 9751809 doi 10.1016 S0378 1119 98 00344 8 url issn ref DBH like 1 maintains many of the structural features of dopamine beta monooxygenase Dopamine beta hydroxylase DBH . ref name pmid11028916 cite journal author Prigge ST, Mains RE, Eipper BA, Amzel LM.. title New insights into copper monooxygenases and peptide amidation structure, mechanism and function. journal Cell Mol Life Sci. volume 57 issue 8 9 pages 1236 59 year 2000 month August pmid 11028916 ISSN 1420682X doi 10.1007 PL00000763 url ref Since Peptidylglycine alpha hydroxylating monooxygenase PHM EC 1.14.17.3 is homologous to dopamine beta monooxygenase DBM EC 1.14.17.1 ref name pmid2792366 cite journal author Southan C, Kruse LI title Sequence similarity between dopamine beta hydroxylase and peptide alpha amidating enzyme evidence for a conserved catalytic domain. journal FEBS Lett. volume 255 issue 1 pages 116 20 year 1989 month September pmid 2792366 doi 10.1016 0014 5793 89 81072 5 url ref this concerns a structural basis for a new family of Monatomic ion copper type II , significantly specific for ascorbate dependent monooxygenases ref name pmid2792366 based on the corresponding mouse homolog. ref name pmid9751809 The pathway of catecholamine synthesis is a possible catecholamine binding Copper in health Hereditary copper metabolic diseases metabolic copper ref name pmid15337741 cite journal author Xin ... more details
it is called a monatomic ion , and when it contains more than one atom, it is called a polyatomic ion . On the above list, Ag sup sup would be a monatomic cation and PO sub 4 sub sup 3 sup would be a polyatomic ... more details
br C align center as for real gas align center math C p frac 5 2 nR math br for monatomic ideal gas align center math C V frac 3 2 nR math br for monatomic ideal gas Internal Energy br U align center ... more details
Unreferenced date April 2009 Thermodynamics cTopic List of thermodynamic properties System properties In thermodynamics , a state function , function of state , state quantity , or state variable is a physical quantity property of a system that depends only on the current Thermodynamic state state of the system , not on the way in which the system acquired that state independent of path . A state function describes the equilibrium state of a system . For example, internal energy , enthalpy , and entropy are state quantities because they describe quantitatively an equilibrium state of a System thermodynamics thermodynamic system , irrespective of how the system arrived in that state. In contrast, mechanical work and heat are process function process quantities because their values depend on the specific transition or path between two equilibrium states. The opposite of a state function is a path function . History It is likely that the term functions of state was used in a loose sense during the 1850s and 60s by those such as Rudolf Clausius , William John Macquorn Rankine William Rankine , Peter Guthrie Tait Peter Tait , William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin William Thomson , and it is clear that by the 1870s the term had acquired a use of its own. In 1873, for example, Willard Gibbs , in his paper Graphical Methods in the Thermodynamics of Fluids , states The quantities V, B, T, U, and S are determined when the state of the body is given, and it may be permitted to call them functions of the state of the body . Overview A thermodynamic system is described by a number of thermodynamic parameters e.g. temperature , Volume thermodynamics volume , pressure which are not necessarily independent. The number of parameters needed to describe the system is the dimension of the state space of the system math D math . For example, a monatomic gas with a fixed number of particles is a simple case of a two dimensional system math D 2 math . In this example, any system is uniquely s ... more details
Infobox person name Laurence Gardner image caption birth date birth date 1943 05 17 df yes death date death date and age 2010 08 12 1943 05 17 df yes birth place occupation author nationality British Laurence Gardner 17 May 1943 12 August 2010 was a writer and lecturer in the Alternate history alternative history genre of research. Career Laurence Gardner s first book Bloodline of the Holy Grail was published in 1996. ref Laurence Gardner, Bloodline of The Holy Grail The Hidden Lineage of Jesus Revealed Shaftesbury Element, 1996. ISBN 1852308702 . This was republished as a Leatherbound Illustrated edition in 2000 Shaftesbury Element, ISBN 186204726X . An author s Special Edition, revised and expanded, was published in 2001 Ottery St Mary Mediaquest, ISBN 1903773067 . ref The book was serialized in the Daily Mail and a best seller. ref name obituary He used his books to propose several theories, including a belief that Jesus and Mary Magdalene had married and had children, whose descendants included King Arthur and the House Of Stuart . ref name obituary In Lost Secrets of the Sacred Ark he claimed that the Ark of the Covenant was a machine for manufacturing monatomic gold a supposed elixir which could be used to extend life. ref Gardner, Lawrence 2004 . Lost Secrets of the Sacred Ark Amazing Revelations of the Incredible Power of Gold . ISBN 0007142951. ref His books also included theories about Freemasons Freemasonry , the Knights Templar , The Holy Grail and proposed connections between Atenism and Judaism . Gardner False titles of nobility referred to himself as Chevalier Labhran de Saint Germain , and Presidential Attache to the Self styled orders self styled European Council of Princes also Prior of the Self styled orders self styled Celtic Churches Sacred Kindred of Saint Columbia . ref http www.entropic art.com book.html Entropic Fine Art Inc Book Bot generated title ref He also claimed to be Jacobitism Jacobite Historiographer Royal of the House of Stuart Ro ... more details
lead missing date February 2012 Perturbative Harmonic Generation Perturbative Harmonic Generation is a process whereby laser light of frequency and photon energy can be used to generate new frequencies of light. The newly generated frequencies are integer multiples n of the original light s frequency. This process was first discovered in 1961 by Franken et al., ref P. A. Franken, A. E. Hill, C. W. Peters, and G. Weinreich, Phys. Rev. Lett. 7, 118 1961 . ref using a ruby laser , with crystalline quartz as the nonlinear optics nonlinear medium . Harmonic generation in dielectric dielectric solids is well understood and extensively used in modern Laser science laser physics see second harmonic generation . In 1967 New et al. observed the first third harmonic generation in a gas. ref G. H. C. New and J. F. Ward, Phys. Rev. Lett. 19, 556 1967 . ref In monatomic gases it is only possible to produce odd numbered harmonics for reasons of symmetry. Harmonic generation in the perturbative weak field regime is characterised by Vanish at infinity rapidly decreasing efficiency with increasing harmonic order and harmonics up to the 11th order have been observed under these conditions . ref J. Wildenauer, Journal of Applied physics Applied Physics 62, 41 1987 . ref This behaviour can be understood by considering an atom absorbing n photons then emitting a single high energy photon. The probability of absorbing n photons decreases as n increases, explaining the rapid decrease in the initial harmonic intensities. High Harmonic Generation HHG The first High Harmonic Generation HHG was observed in 1977 in interaction of intense CO sub 2 sub laser pulses with plasma physics plasma generated from solid targets. ref N. H. Burnett et al., Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 31, pp. 172 174, 1977. ref HHG in gases, far more widespread in application today, was first observed by McPherson and colleagues in 1987, ref A. McPherson et al, JOSA B 4, 595 1987 . ref and later by Ferray et al. in 1988, ... more details
space volume of all gas states with energy E T and volume V. For a monatomic ideal gas, this can ... heat of a monatomic gas is 3 2, this is the same as the thermodynamic formula for the entropy ... more details
, dealt with the role of group theory in quantum dynamics in monatomic systems and comparisons of the nuclear .... f. Physik 47 , 1 1928 Carl Eckart The Application of Group theory to the Quantum Dynamics of Monatomic ... more details
compared to heavier gases, such as xenon for monatomic gases the speed of sound is about 75 of the mean ... on speed of sound. In general, at the same molecular mass, monatomic gases have slightly higher ... do 7 5 1.4 . Thus, at the same molecular mass, the sound speed of a monatomic gas goes up by a factor of math c mathrm gas monatomic over c mathrm gas diatomic sqrt 5 3 over 7 5 sqrt 25 over 21 math 1.091 ... energy from compression only in translation, but not rotation. Thus helium molecules monatomic molecules ... heat capacity acts to increase the difference between sound speed in monatomic vs. polyatomic molecules ... more details
with each other. In this narrowest sense, the only pure paramagnet is a dilute gas of monatomic .... Of course, the element hydrogen is virtually never called paramagnetic because the monatomic ... more details
is 99 diatomic . Also is typically 1.6 for monatomic gases like the noble gas es helium He , and argon ... both molecular size and intermolecular attractions, the ideal gas law is most accurate for monatomic ... more details
Image Translational motion.gif thumb right 300px The temperature of an ideal monatomic gas is a measure of the average kinetic energy of its atoms. The Bohr radius size of helium atoms relative to their spacing is shown to scale under 1950 Atmosphere unit atmospheres of pressure. The atoms have a certain, average speed, slowed down here two 1000000000000 number trillion fold from room temperature. This article applies to gases see also Kinetic theory of solids The kinetic theory of gases describes a gas as a large number of small particles atom s or molecule s , all of which are in constant, randomness random motion physics motion . The rapidly moving particles constantly collide with each other and with the walls of the container. Kinetic theory explains macroscopic properties of gases, such as pressure, temperature, or volume, by considering their molecular composition and motion. Essentially, the theory posits that pressure is due not to static repulsion between molecules, as was Isaac Newton s conjecture, but due to collision s between molecules moving at different velocities through Brownian motion . While the particles making up a gas are too small to be visible, the jittering motion of pollen grains or dust particles which can be seen under a microscope, known as Brownian motion , results directly from collisions between the particle and gas molecules. As pointed out by Albert Einstein in 1905, this experimental evidence for kinetic theory is generally seen as having confirmed the existence of atoms and molecules. Postulates The theory for ideal gases makes the following assumptions The gas consists of very small particles. This smallness of their size is such that the total volume of the individual gas molecules added up is negligible compared to the volume of the container. This is equivalent to stating that the average distance separating the gas particles is large ... energy per kelvin monatomic ideal gas is per mole 12.47 J per molecule 20.7 yJ 129 eV. At Standard ... more details
about the term as used in chemistry the chemistry of table salt Sodium chloride Image Chalcanthite cured.JPG thumb upright 1.5 The blue salt copper II sulfate in the form of the mineral chalcanthite In chemistry , salts are ionic compound s that result from the neutralization chemistry neutralization reaction of an acid and a Base chemistry base . They are composed of cation s positively electric charge charged ions and anion s negative ions so that the product is electrically electric charge neutral without a net charge . These component ions can be inorganic compound inorganic such as chloride Cl sup sup , as well as organic chemistry organic such as acetate CH sub 3 sub COO sup sup and monatomic ion s such as fluoride F sup sup , as well as polyatomic ion s such as sulfate SO sub 4 sub sup 2 sup . There are several varieties of salts. Salts that hydrolyze to produce hydroxide ions when dissolved in water are basic salts and salts that hydrolyze to produce hydronium ions in water are acid salt s . Neutral salts are those that are neither acid nor basic salts. Zwitterion s contain an anionic center and a cationic center in the same molecule but are not considered to be salts. Examples include amino acid s, many metabolite s, peptide s, and proteins . Molten salts and solutions containing dissolved salts e.g., sodium chloride in water are called electrolyte s, as they are able to Electrical conductor conduct electricity . As observed in the cytoplasm of cell biology cell s, in blood , urine , plant saps and mineral water s, mixtures of many different ions in solution usually do not form defined salts after evaporation of the water. Therefore, their salt content is given for the respective ions. Properties Color Image Potassium dichromate sample.jpg thumb Potassium dichromate, a bright orange salt used as a pigment Salts can appear to be clear and Transparency optics transparent sodium chloride , Opacity optics opaque , and even metallic and lustrous pyrite iron disu ... more details
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