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Encyclopedia results for Mudflat

Mudflat





Encyclopedia results for Mudflat

  1. Halosere

    Unreferenced date December 2009 Image Bride Brook Salt Marsh s.jpg thumb 250px right A salt marsh. Halosere is an ecology ecological term which describes Ecological succession succession in a saline environment. An example of a halosere would be a salt marsh . In a river estuary , large amounts of silt are deposited by the ebbing tide s and inflowing rivers. The earliest plant colonizers are algae and eel grass which can tolerate submergence by the tide for most of the 12 hour cycle and which trap mud, causing it to accumulate. Two other colonisers are salicornia and spartina which are halophytes i.e. plants that can tolerate saline conditions. They grow on the inter tidal mudflat s with a maximum of 4 hours and exposure to air every 12 hours. Spartina has long root s enabling it to trap more mud than the initial conlonizing plants and salicornia , and so on. In most places this becomes dominant vegetation. The initial tidal flats receive new sediment s daily, are waterlogged to the exclusion of oxygen , and have a high pH value. The sward zone, in contrast, is inhabited by plants that can only tolerate a maximum of four hours submergence every day 24 hours . The dominant species here are sea lavender and other numerous types of grass es. References http home.earthlink.net yvonr trees science success.html Seral succession Category Ecological succession Category Wetlands Category Estuaries ...   more details



  1. Don Hoi Lot

    Image Don Hoi Lot submerged trees.jpg thumb Mangrove trees near Don Nai Don Hoi Lot Thai alphabet Thai is a sandbar off the coast of Samut Songkhram Province at the northwestern tip of the Bay of Bangkok . The sediments of the Mae Klong River together sediments from the sea form a system of mudflats, which is settled by the Razor Clam shell Solen regularis , which also gave the site its Thai name. The site has the largest population of this shell species, which is endemic to the northern Gulf of Thailand . Also 18 bird and 42 invertebrate species are recorded at the mudflats and the adjoining coastal mangrove forests. The mudflat Don Nai is located directly at the coast and accessible by car. At Chu Chi village several sea food restaurants offer the local shells also the highly revered shrine of Prince Abhakara Kiartivongse Chumphon Khet Udomsak attracts Thai visitors. Since July 5 2001 the site is registered as Ramsar Convention Ramsar site number 1099. Sources http www.onep.go.th wetlandsthai Eng data 20ramsar Don 20Hoi 20Lot.pdf Office of National Resources and Environment Policy and Planning on Don Hoi Lot PDF document coord 13 22 N 100 2 E region TH 75 type isle display title Category Ramsar sites in Thailand th vi Don Hoi Lot ...   more details



  1. Muthupet

    mangroves, mudflat and in Muthupet Lagoon .JPG thumb left Muthupet reserve forest covers the lagoon ... of the forest which is found as a single dominant species. The southern mudflat separates ... shallow waterways. The width of mudflat is increased from lagoon mouth to the eastern direction. The mudflat ... layer and the erosion of soil at the centre of mudflat reveal the submergence of mudflat during flood. There is a difference between the lagoon shore and seashore of the same mudflat, in the aspect of distance ... part of the mudflat, the soft fine silt is found only around the salt marshes. The remaining barren ... lower than other areas. Tamil Nadu Forest Department has excavated several canals across the mudflat ...   more details



  1. Elizabeth Island (Victoria)

    Image French Island National Park.png thumb right 240px Map of French Island, with much smaller Elizabeth Island close south Elizabeth Island lies just south of French Island Victoria French Island in Western Port , Victoria Australia Victoria , south eastern Australia . It is separated from French Island by intertidal mudflat s and a small channel. It is convert 65 ha acre in area and is an unincorporated area Citation needed date January 2012 of Victoria. It is a privately owned island once used for farming which has been converted into a holiday retreat, with the establishment of housing facilities. History The island bears the remnants of a shipwreck on its western beach, believed to be a tugboat. A former owner crashed his airplane on French Island attempting to view Elizabeth Island, having recently purchased it in a bar. External links http www.dse.vic.gov.au dpi vro portregn.nsf pages port lf sig sites 215 Department Of Primary Industried Victorian Resources Online http www.elizabethisland.com.au Official Website coord 38.4168 145.3690 display title Local Government Areas of Victoria Category Islands of Victoria Australia Category Western Port Gippsland geo stub ...   more details



  1. Diloma subrostrata

    italictitle Taxobox name Diloma subrostrata image Diloma subrostrata subrostrata.JPG regnum Animalia phylum Mollusca classis Gastropoda unranked superfamilia clade Vetigastropoda superfamilia Trochoidea superfamily Trochoidea familia Trochidae subfamilia Monodontinae genus Diloma species D. subrostrata binomial Diloma subrostrata binomial authority Gray, 1835 synonyms Monodonta subrostrata small Gray, 1835 small br Labio corrosa small A. Adams, 1853 small br Chlorostoma undulosum small A. Adams, 1853 small br Trochus attritus small Hombron, and Jacquinot, 1854 small br Labio hectori small Hutton, 1873 small br Diloma plumbera small Hutton, 1882 small Diloma subrostrata , common name the mudflat top shell , is a species of small sea snail , a marine ocean marine gastropod mollusk in the family biology family Trochidae , the top snails. References reflist Miller M & Batt G, Reef and Beach Life of New Zealand , HarperCollins William Collins New Zealand Ltd , Auckland, New Zealand 1973 Arthur William Baden Powell Powell A. W. B. , New Zealand Mollusca , HarperCollins William Collins Publishers Ltd , Auckland, New Zealand 1979 ISBN 0 00 216906 1 Category Trochidae Category Gastropods of New Zealand Trochidae stub es Diloma subrostrata vi Diloma subrostrata ...   more details



  1. Little Anderson Island

    File Anderson Island aerial.jpg thumb Little Anderson Island is the small island on the right hand side. Little Anderson Island is an island, with an area of 13 hectare ha , in south eastern Australia . It is part of Tasmania s Tin Kettle Island Group, lying in eastern Bass Strait between Flinders Island Flinders and Cape Barren Island s in the Furneaux Group . The island is joined at low tide to nearby Anderson Island Tasmania Anderson and Tin Kettle Island s by extensive intertidal mudflat s. ref name Brothers2001 The island is part of the Franklin Sound Islands Important Bird Area , identified as such by BirdLife International because it holds over 1 of the world populations of six bird species. ref cite web url http www.birdata.com.au iba.vm title IBA Franklin Sound Islands accessdate 2011 06 22 work Birdata first last publisher Birds Australia date ref Fauna Recorded breeding seabird and wader species are Little Penguin , Sooty Oystercatcher and Pied Oystercatcher . Reptile s present include the Metallic Skink , Spotted Skink and Bougainville s Skink . ref name Brothers2001 Brothers, Nigel Pemberton, David Pryor, Helen & Halley, Vanessa. 2001 . Tasmania s Offshore Islands seabirds and other natural features . Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery Hobart. ISBN 0 7246 4816 X ref References reflist coord 40 17 S 148 06 E display title Category Furneaux Group Category Important Bird Areas of Tasmania Tasmania geo stub ...   more details



  1. Mid Woody Islet

    Mid Woody Islet is a small island, with an area of 0.66 hectare ha , in south eastern Australia . It is part of Tasmania s Tin Kettle Island Group, lying in eastern Bass Strait between Flinders Island Flinders and Cape Barren Island s in the Furneaux Group . The island is joined at low tide to nearby Anderson Island Tasmania Anderson , Little Anderson Island Little Anderson and Tin Kettle Island s by extensive intertidal mudflat s. ref name Brothers2001 The island is part of the Franklin Sound Islands Important Bird Area , identified as such by BirdLife International because it holds over 1 of the world populations of six bird species. ref cite web url http www.birdata.com.au iba.vm title IBA Franklin Sound Islands accessdate 2011 06 22 work Birdata first last publisher Birds Australia date ref Fauna Recorded breeding seabird and wader species are Little Penguin , Pacific Gull , Sooty Oystercatcher and White fronted Tern . ref name Brothers2001 Brothers, Nigel Pemberton, David Pryor, Helen & Halley, Vanessa. 2001 . Tasmania s Offshore Islands seabirds and other natural features . Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery Hobart. ISBN 0 7246 4816 X ref References reflist coord 40 17 S 148 06 E display title Category Furneaux Group Category Important Bird Areas of Tasmania Tasmania geo stub ...   more details



  1. Neds Reef

    File Neds Reef aerial.jpg right thumb Neds Reef Neds Reef is a group of three small granite islets, joined at low tide by extensive mudflat s, with a combined area of about 3 hectare ha , in south eastern Australia . They are part of Tasmania s Tin Kettle Island Group, lying in eastern Bass Strait between Flinders Island Flinders and Cape Barren Island s in the Furneaux Group . ref name Brothers2001 The reef is part of the Franklin Sound Islands Important Bird Area , identified as such by BirdLife International because it holds over 1 of the world populations of six bird species. ref cite web url http www.birdata.com.au iba.vm title IBA Franklin Sound Islands accessdate 2011 06 22 work Birdata first last publisher Birds Australia date ref Fauna Recorded breeding seabird and wader species are Little Penguin , Pacific Gull , Silver Gull , Sooty Oystercatcher , Caspian Tern and White fronted Tern . ref name Brothers2001 Brothers, Nigel Pemberton, David Pryor, Helen & Halley, Vanessa. 2001 . Tasmania s Offshore Islands seabirds and other natural features . Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery Hobart. ISBN 0 7246 4816 X ref References reflist coord 40 19 S 148 04 E display title Category Furneaux Group Category Important Bird Areas of Tasmania Tasmania geo stub ...   more details



  1. Dundalk Bay

    otheruses Dundalk disambiguation Dundalk Bay lang ga Cuan Dh n Dealgan is a large 33km sup 2 sup , exposed estuary on the east coast of Ireland . The inner bay is shallow, sandy and intertidal , though it slopes into a deeper area 2km from the transitional water boundary. ref name FRB http www.cfb.ie fisheries research estuaries dundalk.htm Inner Dundalk Bay . Central Fisheries Board, Ireland. Retrieved on 29 September 2008. ref It is predominantly influenced by the sea, though several river rivers drain into the bay from the west. In the northwest corner of the bay, the Castletown River cuts through the intertidal zone and the smaller River Fane flows into the southeast corner. While the bay is largely made up of Mudflat intertidal flats , there is a significant area of salt marsh on the western shore. ref name FRB The catchment around the bay is of mixed agriculture and urban land use. The Castletown River is routinely dredged for navigation purposes for the deep water port of Dundalk . Image with unknown copyright status removed Image Dundalk Bay.png thumb 200px right Dundalk Bay in relation to Ireland. References reflist coord 53 57 N 06 15 W region IE type waterbody scale 500000 display title Category Irish Sea Category Landforms of County Louth Category Bays of the Republic of Ireland Category Estuaries of Ireland Louth geo stub it Baia di Dundalk no Dundalkbukten ...   more details



  1. Intertidal wetland

    An intertidal wetland is a the area along a shoreline that is exposed to air at low tide and submerged at high tide . This type of wetland is defined by an intertidal zone and includes its own intertidal ecosystem s. Description The main types of intertidal wetlands are mudflat s e.g., mangrove swamp s and salt marsh es. The mangrove swamps are encountered along tropical shores and are characterized by tree vegetation, while salt marshes are mostly found in temperate zones and are mostly grass ecosystems. ref name dya Intertidal wetlands are commonly encountered in most estuaries . Intertidal wetland ecosystem s are amongst the most productive plant communities and often constitute a large part of the estuary areas. ref name dya Estuarine Ecology , by John W. Day, Alejandro Y ez Arancibia , Chapter 5 http books.google.com books?id Pn1x9wk u1sC&pg PA188&dq 22intertidal wetlands 22 Intertidal Wetlands Salt Marshes and Mangrove Swamps ref See also Tidal marsh Tideland References reflist topography stub geo term stub aquatic ecosystem topics expanded marine coastal geography Category Landforms Category Wetlands Category Coastal geography ...   more details



  1. Hudson River National Estuarine Research Reserve

    The Hudson River National Estuarine Research Reserve is a National Estuarine Research Reserve in the state of New York . Home to more than 200 species of fish , the Hudson River serves as a nursery ground for such important fish as sturgeon , striped bass and American shad . It also supports a corresponding abundance of other river dependent wildlife, especially birds. The river is profoundly influenced by the ocean s tides for over half its length, creating an estuary which stretches 153 miles and includes a wide range of wetland habitats. The reserve sites reflect this diversity, from the brackish Piermont Marsh marshes of Piermont to the slightly brackish wetlands of Iona Island , and the freshwater tidal mudflat s and marshes of Tivoli Bays and Stockport Flats . References http www.dec.ny.gov lands 4915.html Hudson River National Estuarine Research Reserve NY Department of Environmental Conservation http nerrs.noaa.gov Reserve.aspx?ResID HUD Hudson River National Estuarine Research Reserve National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Include USGov agency NOAA Protected Areas of New York coord missing New York Category Hudson River Category National Estuarine Research Reserves of the United States Category Protected areas of Columbia County, New York Category Protected areas of Dutchess County, New York Category Protected areas of Rockland County, New York ...   more details



  1. Rorippa sphaerocarpa

    Taxobox regnum Plant ae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Eudicots unranked ordo Rosids ordo Brassicales familia Brassicaceae genus Rorippa species R. sphaerocarpa binomial Rorippa sphaerocarpa binomial authority Asa Gray A.Gray Nathaniel Lord Britton Britton Rorippa sphaerocarpa is a species of flowering plant in the Brassicaceae mustard family known by the common name roundfruit yellowcress . It is native to North America, including the western United States and northern Mexico, where it grows in moist habitat, such as riverbanks and mudflat s. It is an annual herb producing decumbent or erect stems up to 40 centimeters long. The leaves are up to 10 centimeters long and have blades are deeply divided into toothed lobes. The inflorescence is a raceme of mustardlike flowers with yellow petals each no more than a millimeter long. The fruit is a round silique 1 or 2 millimeters wide. External links http ucjeps.berkeley.edu cgi bin get JM treatment.pl?2240,2580,2593 Jepson Manual Treatment http plants.usda.gov java profile?symbol ROSP4 USDA Plants Profile http www.efloras.org florataxon.aspx?flora id 1&taxon id 250095065 Flora of North America http calphotos.berkeley.edu cgi img query?query src photos index&where taxon Rorippa sphaerocarpa Photo gallery Category Brassicaceae Brassicales stub ...   more details



  1. Schaproder Bodden

    File Schaproder Bodden.png thumb right The Schaproder Bodden The Schaproder Bodden is a bodden on the Baltic Sea coast between the island of Hiddensee in the west and the islands of R gen and Ummanz in the east. To the north the Schaproder Bodden is linked to the Vitter Bodden by the so called Trog between the F hrinsel and the Stolper Haken of R gen island. To the south the bodden transitions into the Kubitzer Bodden . A boundary would be the line between the southern tips of the Hiddensee Geller Haken and Ummanz or the link from the Geller Haken Insel Heuwiese . The Schaproder Bodden is 4.5 metres deep at three places, otherwise it is very shallow mostly under 1.5 metres deep . The bodden was named after Schaprode , the main village on its shores on the island of R gen. The bodden is part of the Western Pomerania Lagoon Area National Park and it belongs to the West R gen Bodden . In the southwestern part the bodden runs in front of Hiddensee into a very low windwatt or wind exposed mudflat. The islands in this bodden are the G nsewerder , the F hrinsel and the he . Ferries to Hiddensee from Schaprode, Stralsund and Zingst cross the bodden . Coord 54 30 N 13 08 E type waterbody region DE MV display title Category Bays of the Baltic Sea Category Bays of Mecklenburg Vorpommern Category Geography of R gen Category West R gen Bodden de Schaproder Bodden ...   more details



  1. Vitter Bodden

    File Vitter Bodden.png thumb right The Vitter Bodden The Vitter Bodden is a type of lagoon called a bodden between the northern part of the island of Hiddensee with the Neubessin and Bessin Altbessin peninsulas to the west and north and the peninsula of Bug R gen Bug , the Wieker Bodden and the northern part of the Schaprode peninsula to the east. In the north the bodden borders on the Bay of Libben on the open Baltic Sea and in the south on the Schaproder Bodden . It is one of the West R gen Bodden . ref name map Die General Karte No. 1 Schwerin Rostock R gen , 1 200,000 scale, Mairs Geographische Verlag Falk Verlag, Ostfildern, 2008. ref The bodden was named after Hiddensee Vitte , the main settlement on the shores of the bodden on Hiddensee. The bodden is part of the Western Pomerania Lagoon Area National Park . The Vitter Bodden is very shallow throughout generally below 1.5 metres in depth , only the navigable channel and an area in the middle are over 2 metres deep. In the northwest the bodden is very shallow and peters out into a windwatt wind exposed mudflat in front of Hiddensee. In this area the two peninsulas of Neubessin and Altbessin are steadily growing into the bodden as a result of sand masses washed along from the north of the island. References Reflist Coord 54 34 N 13 08 E type waterbody region DE MV Category Bays of the Baltic Sea Category Bays of Mecklenburg Vorpommern Category West R gen Bodden Category Hiddensee de Vitter Bodden ...   more details



  1. Blauort

    is marked by a daymark , the Blauortbake Blauort daymark . In the summer months, guided mudflat hiking mudflat walks of the Blauortsand are offered which depart from B sum and Wesselburen . The B sumer ...   more details



  1. Cadell and Blyth Floodplains

    File John Gould Australian brolga.jpg thumb right 250px alt Gould lithograph of a Brolga The floodplains are important for Brolgas The Cadell and Blyth Floodplains consist of the 432  km sup 2 sup floodplain of the lower reaches of the Blyth and Cadell Rivers of northern Arnhem Land in the Top End of the Northern Territory of Australia . It is an important site for waterbird s. Description The combined floodplain of the Blyth and Cadell rivers meets Boucaut Bay between Milingimbi Island to the east and the Maningrida, Northern Territory Maningrida community to the west. Copious seasonal flows down the rivers inundate the floodplain with over a metre of water in wetter years. The coast of the bay is characterised by intertidal zone intertidal mud, sand and salt mudflat flats as well as mangrove s, while the riverine plain is fringed by Melaleuca paperbark forests and woodlands. Land tenure is traditionally owned Australian Aborigines Aboriginal land. ref name bli BirdLife International. 2011 . Important Bird Areas factsheet Cadell and Blyth Floodplains. Downloaded from http www.birdlife.org on 2011 12 14. ref Birds The floodplain, with the adjoining coast of Boucaut Bay, has been identified as an Important Bird Area IBA by BirdLife International because it has supported over 1 of the world populations of Pied Heron s, Brolga s and Great Knot s. The large numbers of wader s, or shorebirds, recorded at Boucaut Bay include over 1 of the world populations of Great Knots and Pied Oystercatcher s. ref cite web url http www.birdata.com.au iba.vm title IBA Cadell and Blyth Floodplains accessdate 2011 12 14 work Birdata first last publisher Birds Australia date ref Other waterbirds using the floodplain and the mudflat s of the bay in relatively large numbers include Little Pied Cormorant s, Great Egret s, Black tailed Godwit s, Red necked Stint s, Magpie Goose Magpie Geese and whistling duck s. Asian Dowitcher s visit in small numbers. Chestnut Rail s are present. Biome r ...   more details



  1. Lido Isle, Newport Beach

    Image NOAA map 18754 Newport Bay section1.jpg thumb Navigational Map around Lido Isle Lido Isle mistakenly Lido Island is a Artificial island man made island located in the Newport Harbor harbor of Newport Beach, California Newport Beach , California . Surrounded by the city, Lido Isle was incorporated as part of Newport Beach in 1906. ref name pilot cite news first Andrew last Edwards url http www.tcninteractive.com nb100 story redcars.htm title Red Car opened city to tourists publisher Daily Pilot date December 26, 2006 ref At that time it was part sandbar and part mudflat . There are no commercial facilities on the island other than a small snack bar open in the summer, and its only link to the city is a small bridge. ref name latimes cite news first Helene last Lesel url http www.latimes.com classified realestate news communities 2004 la re guide26dec26,0,4866976.story?coll la realestate communities 2004 title Lido Isle raises bar on the good life publisher Los Angeles Times date December 26, 2004 ref The man made island is solely residential with approximately 1,800 people living on the island. ref name latimes History In 1904 Henry Huntington became a partner with William Collins in the Newport Beach Company. In exchange for extending the Pacific Electric Railway to Newport Beach, Huntington received convert 250 acre km2 and a convert 100 ft m sing on wide Right of way railroad right of way for the railway. ref name pilot A mudflat was included in addition to the other land given Huntington. This mudflat became known as Electric Island, Pacific Electric Island, and finally Huntington Island. In 1923, Huntington Island was purchased from Pacific Electric by W. K. Parkinson for 45,000. ref name latimes Parkinson, a former conductor on the Pacific Electric, made his fortune from land investments when oil was discovered near Bakersfield . Parkinson spent more than a quarter million dollars dredging the harbor and using the fill to raise the isle more than ten feet ...   more details



  1. Pine Island Sound

    Pine Island Sound is located in Lee County, Florida , lying between Pine Island Lee County, Florida and the bar landform barrier islands of Sanibel Island , Captiva Island , North Captiva Island and Cayo Costa State Park Cayo Costa , which separate the Sound from the Gulf of Mexico . The Sound connects to Gasparilla Sound and Charlotte Harbor estuary Charlotte Harbor to the north, and to San Carlos Bay Florida San Carlos Bay and the Caloosahatchee River to the south. The Sound is conterminous with the Pine Island Sound Aquatic Preserve, which was established in 1970 and consists of 54,000 acre s 220  km of submerged land. Important habitats in the Sound include Florida mangroves mangroves , seagrass es, salt marsh es, oyster communities and Mudflat tidal flats . For thousands of years, the sound was home to the Calusa Indians and their ancestors. In the 18th and 19th centuries it was an important winter fishery for the Cuba n Mullet fish mullet fleet. In the early 1960s, in preparation for the Bay of Pigs Invasion , the CIA trained some Cuban exiles on Useppa Island , located in the center of the sound. References http www.dep.state.fl.us COASTAL downloads maps pineisland.pdf Map of Pine Island Sound Aquatic Preserve http www.dep.state.fl.us COASTAL sites pineisland Florida DEP page on Pine Island Sound Aquatic Preserve coord 26 36 15 N 82 10 16 W scale 250000 display title Category Landforms of Lee County, Florida Category Sounds of Florida Category Marshes of Florida Category Wetlands of Florida Florida geo stub ...   more details



  1. Twin Island, New York

    Twin Island is part of Pelham Bay Park in the Bronx , also part of the Hunter Island Marine Sanctuary. It is located east of Hunters Island New York Hunters Island and north of Orchard Beach. It is wooded with exposed bedrock with glacial grooves . East and West Twin Islands or the Twins were once true islands in Pelham Bay but are now connected to each other and to Orchard Beach, New York Orchard Beach and nearby Rodman s Neck by a Land reclamation landfill created in 1937. East Twin Island is connected to neighboring Two Trees Island via a thin mudflat landbridge, which is submerged at high tide. West Twin Island was at one time connected to neighboring Hunter Island via a man made stone bridge, ref name False http books.google.com books?id qUfosR3PMQoC&pg PA53&dq the cuban ledge&ei DWEFS fGB4 SNqSEiOAL v snippet&q twin 20island&f false History in asphalt the origin of Bronx street and place names ref ref name BronxUpClose http www.nytimes.com 1995 07 09 nyregion neighborhood report bronx up close islet lore soldiers prisoners rich dead.html NEIGHBORHOOD REPORT BRONX UP CLOSE , New York Times , July 9, 1995 ref which now lies in ruins in one of the city s last remaining salt marshes . Member species of the islands salt marsh ecosystem include egrets, cormorants, fiddler crabs, horseshoe crabs, and marine worms. The two islands that are now combined as Twin Island have been owned by the New York City Parks Department since 1888. ref name BronxUpClose References reflist External links http www.youngenvironmentalllc.com docs project2.pdf Twin Island Marsh Restoration Orchard beach, The Bronx Geolinks US streetscale 40.8711861 73.7843889 New York City Islands Category Islands of New York City Category Long Island Sound Category Geography of the Bronx Bronx geo stub he ...   more details



  1. Mandø

    mudflat littoral zone and upland grassland . In fact, there is about as much land area in mudflat ...   more details



  1. Bandon Bay

    Image Gulf of Thailand.svg thumb right Gulf of Thailand with Bandon Bay in the west. Bandon Bay lang th , RTGS Ao Ban Don , IPA th w b n d n is a bay in the Gulf of Thailand in the Surat Thani Province , extending from the Sui cape in Amphoe Chaiya Chaiya district in the northwest to the Amphoe Kanchanadit Kanchanadit district to the east. The total coastline is about 100 km. The bay is dominated by the estuary of the rivers Tapi River, Thailand Tapi and Phum Duang River Phum Duang . The islands of Ko Samui , Ko Phangan and Ko Tao enclose the bay from its eastern side. The bay is relatively shallow, with water depths ranging from 1 to 5 meters. Along the coast are mudflat s due to the high rate of sedimentation , which were naturally overgrown with mangroves Sonneratia Sonneratia spp. , Rhizophora Rhizophora spp. , but now mostly replaced by shrimp farm s. External links http thailand.wetlands.org ABOUTUS Project MangroveFortheFutureinSuratThaniProvince tabid 2186 Default.aspx Reversing Environmental Damage through Community Focused Sustainable Livelihoods in Ban Don, Surat Thani Province Support by Mangrove for The Future http data.ecology.su.se mnode Asia Thailand bandonbay bb.htm Bandon Bay budgets http www.arcbc.org.ph wetlands thailand tha ao ban.htm ASEAN Regional Centre for Biodiversity Conservation coord 9 17 N 99 17 E region TH type waterbody display title Category Surat Thani Province Category Bays of Thailand Category Gulf of Thailand ca Badia de Bandon de Bucht von Bandon fr Baie de Bandon ...   more details



  1. Spiraea douglasii

    Taxobox image Spiraea douglasii.jpg regnum Plant ae unranked divisio Angiosperms unranked classis Eudicots unranked ordo Rosids ordo Rosales familia Rosaceae genus Spiraea species S. douglasii binomial Spiraea douglasii binomial authority William Jackson Hooker Hook. Spiraea douglasii is a species of flowering plant in the Rosaceae rose family . Common names include hardhack , hardhack steeplebush , Douglas spiraea , and rose spiraea . It is native to western North America from Alaska across southwestern Canada and the Pacific Northwest. It occurs most often in river riparian habitat types, such as swamp s, streambanks, bog s and mudflat s. ref name fed http www.fs.fed.us database feis plants shrub spidou all.html US Forest Service Fire Ecology ref It grows among Juncus sedges , Equisetum horsetails , Vaccinium wild blueberries , and other swamp flora. ref name fed The plant is a woolly shrub growing 1 to 2 meters tall from rhizome s, forming dense riverside thickets. ref name fed Large clusters of small pink flowers form spires in early summer, later turning dark and persisting. The leaves are toothed toward the tips. The undersides are whitish with prominent veins. This plant is used as an ornamental plant ornamental in landscaping , where it grows best in sunny, moist places. Commons category Spiraea douglasii References reflist External links http ucjeps.berkeley.edu cgi bin get JM treatment.pl?6677,6924,6926 Jepson Manual Treatment http plants.usda.gov java profile?symbol SPDO USDA Plants Profile http biology.burke.washington.edu herbarium imagecollection.php?Genus Spiraea&Species douglasii Washington Burke Museum http calphotos.berkeley.edu cgi img query?query src photos index&where taxon Spiraea douglasii Photo gallery Category Spiraeoideae Category Flora of the Northwestern United States rosales stub az Spiraea douglasii es Spiraea douglasii hsb Douglasowa wjerbi ka sv Douglasspirea ...   more details



  1. Maplin Sands

    The Maplin Sands are mudflat s on the northern bank of the Thames estuary, off Foulness Island, near Southend on Sea in Essex , England , though they actually lie within the neighbouring borough of Rochford . They are valuable as a wildlife reserve, with a large colony of dwarf eelgrass Zostera noltei and associated animal communities. A screw pile lighthouse was built on the sands in 1838, which was possibly the world s first. In the later part of the 19th century John I. Thornycroft & Company and Yarrow Shipbuilders used the sands for their Destroyers measured mile speed trials. ref name preston14 The shallow waters resulted in a flow of water that could add up to a knot to the ship s speed. ref name preston14 When the Admiralty found out they required that all future trials be carried out in deep water. ref name preston14 cite book last Preston first Antony title The World s Worst Warships origyear 2002 publisher Conway Maritime Press isbn 0 85177 754 6 pages 14 ref A plan to build a third airport for London on the sands was approved in 1973, but abandoned in 1974 in the wake of the 1973 oil crisis 1973 74 oil crisis . The project would have included not just a major airport, but a deep water harbour suitable for the container ships then coming into use, a high speed rail link to London, and a new town for the accommodation of the thousands of workers who would be required. See main article on Thames Estuary Airport . The Maplin Sands were at that time, and remain, a military testing ground belonging to the Ministry of Defence United Kingdom Ministry of Defence see Pig s Bay . References reflist External links http www.jncc.gov.uk ProtectedSites SACselection sac.asp?EUCode UK0013690 Joint Nature Conservation Committee, report on Essex Estuaries oscoor gbx TR009888 Essex geo stub coord 51.56228 N 0.89703 E region GB source enwiki osgb36 TR009888 display title Note WGS84 lat long, converted from OSGB36 grid ref Category Nature Conservation Review sites Category Coastal ...   more details



  1. Banana River

    The Banana River is a convert 31 mi km adj mid long ref U.S. Geological Survey 7 minute topographic maps ref lagoon that lies between Cape Canaveral and Merritt Island, Florida Merritt Island in Brevard County, Florida in the United States . It is part of the Indian River Lagoon system, and connects at its south end to the Indian River Florida Indian River it is the only part of the lagoon system not in the Intracoastal Waterway . It also has an outlet to the Atlantic Ocean via a canal lock lock into Port Canaveral . The lagoon includes salt marsh es, mangrove swamp s, seagrass beds, drift algae , oyster shoal bars , mudflat tidal flats , and Dredging spoil islands, providing Habitat ecology habitats for many Marine ocean marine species.These are brackish waters mixed of salt and fresh water waist deep with a soft bottom sand grass. Commercial and recreational activities in the lagoon generate more than US 800 million annually for the local economy. citation needed date January 2011 Natural history The river contains stingray s, dolphin and manatee . ref Cite news first last title Gliding along the bottom url work newspaper Florida Today location Melbourne, Florida pages 2B date 22 February 2011 id accessdate ref See also commons category Banana River Florida Banana River Canaveral Barge Canal References Reflist http www.dep.state.fl.us coastal sites banana About the Banana River Aquatic Preserve Coastal Waters of Florida coord 28 18 22 N 80 38 51 W scale 500000 display title Category Landforms of Brevard County, Florida Category Lagoons of Florida Category Indian River Lagoon Florida geo stub fr Banana River ...   more details



  1. Carpenter Lake

    Infobox lake lake name Carpenter Lake image lake caption lake image bathymetry caption bathymetry location British Columbia coords type reservoir inflow tunnel penstock to Seton Lake Bridge River is outflow only during extreme high water outflow Bridge River catchment basin countries Canada length 50 km width area 50 km depth max depth volume residence time shore elevation islands cities Carpenter Lake , officially Carpenter Lake Reservoir , is the largest of the three reservoir s of the Bridge River Power Project , which is located in the mountains west of Lillooet, British Columbia . The lake is about 185 kilometres north of the province s major city of Vancouver, British Columbia Vancouver and is formed by the diversion of the Bridge River by Terzaghi Dam into Seton Lake via a tunnel through Mission Mountain, which separates the Seton and Bridge drainages. Several ranches and homesteads in the broad serpentine of the upper Bridge River basin were flooded out by the hydro project, which changed the character of the upper valley forever. Carpenter Lake is about 50 kilometres in length, although its upper reaches beyond the flooded gold mining town of Minto City, British Columbia Minto City are usually mudflat due to fluctuations in the level of the reservoir. Its total area approaches 50 square kilometres. Name The lake is named after a Mr. Carpenter, an engineer who first moved to Canada in 1909 and performed much of the early design work on the power project for the firm of Sanderson and Porter, and supervised construction of the first tunnels through Mission Ridge British Columbia Mission Ridge from 1927 to 1931. He retired in 1944. See also Downton Lake Lajoie Dam References BCGNIS 39347 Carpenter Lake http www.bchydro.com bcrp projects bridgeriver.html Bridge River Power Project summary, BC Hydro website External links coord 50 51 00 N 122 30 00 W display title British Columbia hydrography Category Lakes of British Columbia Category Reservoirs in Canada Catego ...   more details




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