In evolution ary genetics , Muller s ratchet named after Hermann Joseph Muller , by analogy with a ratchet device ratchet mechanism is the process by which the genome s of an Asexual reproduction asexual ... edition 3rd edn publisher Sinauer Associates location Sunderland, Mass. ref Muller proposed this mechanism as a theory to explain the evolution of sex . Although Muller s ratchet is proposed to explain ... and chloroplast s do not recombine and would undergo Muller s ratchet were they not as small ... a smaller genome is not a sure indication of the action of Muller s Ratchet. ref cite journal author Nancy A. Moran year 1996 month April title Accelerated evolution and Muller s ratchet in endosymbiotic ... 2878 pmid 8610134 doi 10.1073 pnas.93.7.2873 pmc 39726 An article that discusses Muller s ratchet ... also be subject to the effects of Muller s ratchet. Such non recombining sequences tend to shrink ... for these sequences. It is not easy to ascribe cases of genome shrinkage or fast evolution to Muller s ratchet alone. Because Muller s ratchet relies on genetic drift , it turns faster in smaller ... 30 April 2011 ref Origin of the term Although Muller discussed the advantages of sexual reproduction in his 1932 talk, it does not contain the word ratchet . Muller first introduced the term ratchet ... and the phrase Muller s ratchet was coined by Joe Felsenstein in his 1974 paper, The Evolutionary ... Reflist 2 DEFAULTSORT Muller s Ratchet Category Population genetics Category Evolutionary biology de Muller s ratchet es Trinquete de Muller it Ingranaggio di Muller pl Zapadka Mullera pt Catraca de Muller ru fi Muller s ratchet ... journal author Muller HJ year 1932 title Some genetic aspects of sex journal American Naturalist volume 66 issue 703 pages 118 138 doi 10.1086 280418 Muller s original paper ref ref cite journal author Muller HJ year 1964 title The relation of recombination to mutational advance journal Mutat Res volume ... more details
Ratchet may refer to Ratchet device , a mechanical device that allows movement in only one direction Ratchet, a tool also known as a socket wrench Ratchet instrument , a music instrument In film and television Ratchet Transformers Ratchet Transformers , a character in the franchise Transformers Ratchet Robots Ratchet Robots , a character in the film Robots Ratchet, a character in the Widget the World Watcher television series Ratchet, a character in the Red Lantern Corps DC Comics series In games RatchetRatchet & Clank RatchetRatchet & Clank , a game character Ratchet, a town in World of Warcraft In other Ratchet, a financial derivative also known as cliquet option See also Wiktionary Quantum stirring, ratchets, and pumping , in physics Brownian ratchet , in physics Muller s ratchet , in genetics Ratchet effect , irreversible, or difficult to reverse, processes in economics Nurse Ratched , a fictional character from One Flew Over the Cuckoo s Nest Nurse Ratchet, a fictional character from the animated series Futurama disambig es Ratchet fr Ratchet ja fi Ratchet ... more details
Muller v. Oregon U.S. Supreme Court, 1908 Muller s ratchet genetics Reed&ndash Muller code mathematics ...wiktionary mullerMuller may refer to tocright People Albert A. Muller fl. 1820 s , South Carolina poet see Cite Appletons Muller, Albert A. year 1900 Bill Muller 1965 2007 , journalist Bobby Muller born 1946 , Vietnam veteran Charles Muller , translator Christiane Muller 1932 2006 , French actress Dorette Muller 1894 1975 , French paintress douard Muller 1919 1997 , French road racing cyclist Eug ne Muller 1823 1913 , French writer mile Muller 1915 1988 , French politician Franck Muller born 1958 , watchmaker Frank Muller 1951 2008 , Dutch audio book narrator and actor Franz Muller died 1864 , German tailor, first to commit murder on a British train Frederick Muller 1861 1946 , American Medal of Honor recipient Gary Muller born 1964 , South African tennis player Germain Muller 1923 1994 , French actor and politician Hendrik Pieter Nicolaas Muller 1859 1941 , Dutch businessman, world traveler, publicist, diplomat and philanthropist Herbert J. Muller 1905 1980 , American historian, academic, government official and author Hermann Joseph Muller 1890 1967 , U.S. geneticist Muller s ratchet and educator Hero Muller born 1938 , Dutch Sesame Street performer Jacques L onard Muller 1749 1824 , French general Jacques Muller 1954 , Jean M. Muller Jean Muller 1925 2005 , French structural engineer Jean Marie Muller 1939 , French philosopher. Jim Muller , co founder of Voice of the Faithful Judy Muller , American journalist Kirk Muller born 1966 , Canadian hockey player Lucien Muller born 1934 , former French midfielder footballer and manager Mancow Muller , American radio and television personality Pieter Muller , South African rugby player Richard A. Muller born 1944, physicist , University of California, Berkeley Robert Muller 1923 2010 , United Nations employee Romeo Muller 1928 1992 , American actor and writer Scott Muller canoer Scott Muller born 1970 , Panamanian canoer ... more details
Muller s ratchet Tragedy of the commons References references External links http www.cut the knot.org ...A metaphorical ratchet effect is an instance of the restrained ability of human processes to be reversed once a specific thing has happened, analogous with the mechanical ratchet device ratchet that holds the spring tight as a clock is wound up. It is related to the phenomena of featuritis and scope creep in the manufacture of various consumer goods, and of mission creep in military planning. Examples Famine cycle Garrett Hardin , a biologist and environmentalist, used the phrase to describe how food aid keeps people alive who would otherwise die in a famine . They live and multiply in better times, making another bigger crisis inevitable, since the supply of food has not been increased. Citation needed date March 2011 ref Malthus, T. 1798 . An Essay on the Principle of Population. London Printed for J. Johnson, in St. Paul s Church Yard. ref Governance Austrian school economist Robert Higgs used the term to describe the seemingly irreversible expansion of government in times of crisis in his book Crisis and Leviathan . ref Robert Higgs http www.independent.org store book detail.asp?bookID 15 Crisis and Leviathan , OUP, 1987, ISBN 0 19 505900 X ref Similarly, governments have difficulty in Rollback legislation rolling back huge bureaucratic organizations created initially for temporary ... reform or dismantling Citation needed date March 2011 . Production strategy The ratchet effect can ... decide not to reveal hidden production capacity unless forced to do so. Game theory The ratchet ... comparative psychologist Michael Tomasello used the ratchet effect metaphor to shed light on the Cultural ... the ratchet has gone up one tooth . Application in economics Consumer products A ratchet effect can ... produce a ratchet effect , where any new liberalisation measures would be locked in so they could ... Category Game theory de Ratchet Effekt fr Effet cliquet ru ... more details
infobox VG character name Ratchet image File Ratchet1.png 180px caption Ratchet in Ratchet & Clank Future Tools of Destruction Ratchet & Clank Tools of Destruction in Europe . series Ratchet & Clank firstgame Ratchet & Clank video game Ratchet & Clank 2002 creator artist voiceactor Mikey Kelley 2002 br James Arnold Taylor 2003 Present relatives Kaden father Ratchet is the main character of the Ratchet & Clank series of video games. Ratchet is convert 5 ft m tall, weighs 97.5 lbs, and as of All 4 One , he is 24 years old. In the English versions of the games, Ratchet is voiced by Mikey Kelley in the first Ratchet & Clank and by James Arnold Taylor in all the others. He is voiced by Makoto Tsumura in the Japanese versions of the games. Conception and creation Ratchet was originally envisioned ... http retro.ign.com articles 831 831099p1.html title IGN Presents The History of Ratchet and Clank last ... Features 1550.html title Ratchet and Clank Interview NOTE the title here is not spelled with an ampersand ... 21, 2009 ref Ratchet s final form was decided upon after Insomniac at various terrestrial creatures ... to the negative critical reception of Ratchet s design and personality in Ratchet & Clank , Ratchet s personality was altered in Ratchet & Clank Going Commando to be less cocky, ... much more ... 2 http www.webcitation.org 5hmIUvOKa 3 http www.webcitation.org 5hmIVTHlH 4 ref Plot overview Ratchet is a Lombax who was sent to Veldin from Fastoon by his List of Ratchet & Clank characters Kaden father to save him from List of Ratchet & Clank characters Emperor Percival Tachyon . The series begins ... changes when he meets the diminutive robot fugitive named Clank Ratchet & Clank Clank . From there on, he and the small robot begin to have many adventures. Personality Ratchet tends to be quite headstrong and usually is not afraid to voice his opinion. During the Ratchet & Clank first game he has ... a relationship with another Lombax named Angela Cross , as seen in Ratchet & Clank Going Commando ... more details
Ratchet is the name of several characters in the Transformers universes. According to the original creator of the Transformers names, Bob Budiansky , Ratchet was named after the character of Nurse Ratched ... Interviews publisher Web.archive.org date 2007 11 18 accessdate 2010 04 27 ref The name Ratchet is almost always portrayed as an Autobot medic who turns into an ambulance. Ratchet is sometimes referred to by the trademarked names Autobot Ratchet or Rescue Ratchet . ref cite web url http www.transformertoys.co.uk content.php? transformers trademarks USPTO 76598643 autobot ratchet autobot ratchet.html ... character name Ratchet image Ratchet.jpg caption affiliation Autobot subgroup Autobot cars ... Ratchet M cano in Qu bec , Racsni in Hungary , in Russia and Doc in Italy is the chief medic ... Bob Budiansky , who originally intended the character to be female, an idea rejected by Hasbro. Ratchet is well remembered by fans of the original comic series, in which he played a major role. Ratchet ... lights. Ratchet had two robot modes, though only one was usually seen in the comic run and the television cartoon. The Ratchet toy transformed into the second form. Ratchet was one of the original ... page 22 ref Reception Ratchet was voted the Top Transformer Who was Badass in the Comics by List of assets ... Bricken, Apr. 14 2009 By Kevin J. Guhl ref Marvel Comics Ratchet made his first appearance in issue ..., Ratchet sought some way to resurrect his comrades to defeat the Decepticons. An initial foray ... to second in command status. Megatron made a deal Ratchet would destroy Shockwave, and Megatron would free his comrades. Knowing Megatron would betray him, Ratchet searched for some way to get out ... on the Dinobots, Ratchet sought out their location, finding them and fixing them back up. It was his ... Swoop . Megatron quickly dispatched them and laughed at the weak medic. As a final resort, Ratchet flung ... Ratchet was a hero, though he didn t feel particularly victorious. He later returned to the Ark with the Dinobots ... more details
Infobox VG title Ratchet Deadlocked image File Deadlocked.jpg developer Insomniac Games publisher Sony ... Platform game Platform , Action game Action series Ratchet & Clank modes Single player , multiplayer ... OFLCA PG ref name oflca platforms PlayStation 2 media DVD ROM input Gamepad Ratchet Deadlocked known as Ratchet Gladiator in PAL regions, and as Ratchet & Clank 4 is a platform game developed by Insomniac .... The game s story begins as RatchetRatchet & Clank Ratchet , Clank Ratchet & Clank Clank , and List of Ratchet & Clank characters Big Al Al are abducted and forced to compete in Dreadzone , a violent game show in which heroes are forced to kill each other. Ratchet is given a DeadLock collar, which will explode if he becomes uncooperative. Ratchet defeats Dreadzone s most successful gladiators ... Ratchet and Clank game to be released on the PlayStation 2 by Insomniac Games and to be rated T. The gameplay ... platforming. The player, as Ratchet, fights in Dreadzone tournaments across the Shadow Sector in the Solana ... of Clank as a playable character. Gameplay The gameplay of Ratchet Deadlocked is similar to that of previous Ratchet & Clank games, with a combination of shooting, action, and platforming ... was the first game in the Ratchet and Clank series to have an adjustable difficulty level, ref name ... gamingtarget The player controls Ratchet from a third person perspective, competing in missions and tournaments ... follow the player in most missions, give Ratchet extra firepower, and perform several tasks for him ... name europebooklet Clank, Ratchet s robotic best friend, is only a playable character if his skin is unlocked, and cannot be used as a jet pack device by Ratchet, unlike older games. ref name europebooklet ... Plot Following the events of Ratchet & Clank Up Your Arsenal , Ratchet, Clank and Al have been ... disappeared, ref cite video game title Ratchet Deadlocked developer Insomniac Games publisher Sony Computer ...... ref robots overrun the Phoenix, taking Ratchet, Clank, and Al captive. They are transported to the Shadow ... more details
Image Feynman ratchet.png right 300px thumb Schematic figure of a Brownian Ratchet In the philosophy of thermal and statistical physics , the Brownian ratchet , or Feynman Smoluchowski ratchet is a thought ... machine, consisting of a tiny paddle wheel and a ratchet device ratchet , appears to be an example ... consists of a gear known as a ratchet device ratchet that rotates freely in one direction but is prevented from rotating in the opposite direction by a Ratchet device Ratchet and pawl pawl . The ratchet ... would tend to turn the rod in either direction with equal probability, the pawl allows the ratchet to rotate in one direction only. The net effect of many such random collisions should be for the ratchet to rotate continuously in that direction. The ratchet s motion then can be used to do work ... reservoir and produce a net amount of work. Why it fails Although at first sight the Brownian ratchet ... is at the same temperature, the ratchet will not rotate continuously in one direction but will move ... therefore will intermittently fail by allowing the ratchet to slip backward or not allowing it to slip forward. Feynman demonstrated that if the temperature math T 2 math of the ratchet and pawl is the same ... at which the ratchet ratchets forward, so that no net motion results over long enough periods or in an ensemble ... If, on the other hand, math T 2 math is smaller than math T 1 math , the ratchet can indeed move forward ... ratchet model led to the similar concept of Brownian motor s, nanomachine s which can extract ... bibcode 1994PhRvL..72.2656M ref Diode s are an electrical analog of the ratchet and pawl, and for the same ... temperature. History The ratchet and pawl was first discussed as a Second Law violating device ... title The Feynman Smoluchowski ratchet work Parrondo s Paradox Research Group publisher http www1.eleceng.adelaide.edu.au ... of why the device fails thermal motion of the pawl allows the ratchet s teeth to slip backwards. Feynman ... of the ratchet, it would function as a heat engine , but if T sub 1 sub T sub 2 sub there would ... more details
Infobox musical artist name Noise Ratchet image caption image size background group or band origin San Diego, California San Diego , California , United States USA genre Alternative rock br Indie rock br Pop punk br Emo years active 1997 2004 label The Militia Group associated acts Delta Spirit website current members Joel Hosler br Brandon Young br Danny Lothspeich br Jon Jameson br Evan White past members Roger Molina br Rick Savercool Noise Ratchet were an alternative Rock band originating from California . Noise Ratchet began as a pop punk ska band in February 1997 in San Diego, California. In 1998, they released their first independent album, Never Going Back , at Youth Wave 1998 while opening for P.O.D. The Supertones, Stavesacre. In 1999, the band s original drummer, Richard Savercool left the band and drummer Brandon Young filled this vacancy. At the same time, guitarist Roger Molina was also added to the lineup. ref http new.music.yahoo.com noise ratchet biography ylt A0SO0plrjuJJPwgBnADxsyUv Noise Ratchet Biography ref In 2002 they released their album Till We Have Faces on The Militia Group label, which won San Diego s 2002 award for Best Recording. In promotion of this album, Noise Ratchet toured with several acts, including Dashboard Confessional and Switchfoot . In 2003 the band released a self titled EP, an assemblage of five new songs and a revamped version of the acoustic A Way to the Heart , which originally appeared on Till We Have Faces . In 2003 they signed with Rick Rubin s Major Label American Recordings. and in Dec 2003 they went in the studio to record their major label debut with producer Nick Raskulinecz Foo Fighters , Superdrag , Danzig band Danzig .... . ref Allmusic class artist id p515664 biography pure url yes Noise Ratchet at Allmusic ref Original ... Young Drums Evan White Guitar Discography Till We Have Faces The Militia Group, 2002 Noise Ratchet The Militia Group , 2003 References reflist External links http www.myspace.com sweetnr Noise Ratchet ... more details
about the musical instrument other uses Ratchet disambiguation File Purim gragger.jpg thumb A Purim gragger, a kind of ratchet used in Judaism. File Cheapplasticgragger IGP4806.JPG thumb A plastic version of the gragger. A ratchet , also called a noisemaker or, when used in Judaism , a gragger or grogger etymologically from lang yi or ra ashan lang he , is an orchestral musical instrument played by percussionist s. Operating on the principle of the ratchet device ratchet device , a gearwheel and a stiff board is mounted on a handle, which can be freely rotated. The handle is held and the whole mechanism is swung around, the momentum causing the board to click against the gearwheel, making a clicking and rattling noise. One popular design consists of a thick wooden cog wheel attached to a handle and two wooden flanges which alternately hit the teeth of the cog when the handle is turned. Alternatively, smaller ratchets are sometimes held still or mounted and the handle turned rapidly by the player. The ratchet is similar to a football rattle, which is sometimes used in its place when a particularly loud sound is needed. An example of its use is Richard Strauss s piece Till Eulenspiegel s Merry Pranks and Arnold Schoenberg s Gurre Lieder . In the 18th and 19th centuries, British policemen used a similar device called a policeman s rattle to summon assistance. ref Taylor, J. http www.constabulary.com mystery rattle.htm The Victorian Police Rattle Mystery The Constabulary 2003 ref They also used the device during the Second World War, to warn of the presence of poison gas. ref Lincolnshire Special Constabulary http boar.org.uk ariwxo3LCSBul27.htm Bulletin No. 27 September, 1942. ref Use in Jewish tradition In Judaism, the gragger is used for the holiday of Purim . The gragger is used every time Haman Bible Haman s name is mentioned during the reading of the Book ... Publishing, ISBN 9780816054572 ref See also Derkach , a Ukrainian version of the ratchet. References ... more details
Infobox album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name 51 50 Ratchet Type studio Artist Hurricane Chris rapper Hurricane Chris Cover Hur5150ratchet.jpg Released Start date 2007 10 23 Recorded 2006 07 Genre Southern hip hop Length 64 32 Label Polo Grounds Music , J Records J , Go Live Entertainment Producer Bigg Redd, Mr. Collipark , Mr. Rogers, The Package Store, Phunk Dawg, Stunt N Dozier This album 51 50 Ratchet br 2007 Next album Unleashed Hurricane Chris album Unleashed br 2009 Album ratings rev1 Allmusic rev1Score Rating 3 5 ref Allmusic class album id r1214370 pure url yes Allmusic review ref rev2 HipHopDX rev2Score Rating 2 5 ref http www.hiphopdx.com index reviews id.864 title.hurricane chris 51 50 ratchet HipHopDX review ref rev3 RapReviews rev3Score 5 10 ref http www.rapreviews.com archive 2008 05 5150ratchet.html RapReviews review ref rev4 Rolling Stone rev4Score Rating 3 5 ref http www.rollingstone.com reviews album 16878454 review 16927844 5150 ratchet?rating 3 Rolling Stone review ref rev5 XXL magazine XXL rev5Score Rating 4 5 XL ref http www.xxlmag.com online ?p 15825 XXL review ref rev6 DJBooth.net rev6Score Rating 3 5 ref http www.djbooth.net index albums review hurricane chris 51 50 ratchet 1024071 DJBooth.net review ref 51 50 Ratchet is the debut studio album by American rapper Hurricane Chris rapper Hurricane Chris , released on October 23, 2007. The album debuted at number 24 on the Billboard 200 album chart, selling about 26,000 copies in its first week. The first single from this album was A Bay Bay , which peaked at number 11 on the U.S. Hot R&B Hip Hop ... A Bay Bay A Bay Bay small The Ratchet Remix note14 featuring Game rapper Game , Lil Boosie , E 40 ... album hurricane chris 51 50 ratchet 1086006 51 50 Ratchet Hurricane Chris Billboard.com album hurricane chris 51 50 ratchet 1086006 . Billboard magazine Billboard . Retrieved on 2011 03 24. ref align ... Category Hurricane Chris albums 2000s hiphop album stub pt 51 50 Ratchet sv 51 50 Ratchet ... more details
Scott Muller may refer to Scott Muller cricketer Scott Muller canoer See also Scott Mueller , author of books on personal computers hndis Muller, Scott ... more details
Michael Muller or Michael M ller may refer to Michael M ller 1825 1899 , American Catholic writer Michael Muller photographer , American photographer hndis Muller, Michael ... more details
File Muller freres 3636.JPG thumb Small glass vase by Muller fr res, around 1900 Muller Fr res were a French glassmaker who were located in Lun ville , France. They were renowned to produce art nouveau glasworks such as vase s and lampshade s. The M ller family originally came from Alsace . Some members of the family worked together with mile Gall before starting their own business. External links commonscat inline Muller fr res france company stub art stub Category Defunct companies of France Category Glass artists Category Art Nouveau fr Fr res Muller ... more details
In automata theory , a Muller automaton is a type of an automaton . The acceptance condition separates a Muller automaton from other automata. The Muller automata is defined using automaton Acceptance conditions Muller acceptance condition , i.e. the set of all states visited infinitely often must be an element of the acceptance set. Both deterministic and non deterministic Muller automata recognize the regular language s. Formal definition Formally, a deterministic Muller automaton is a tuple ... of infinitely often occurring states is an element of F In a non deterministic Muller automaton ... and initial state is q sub 0 sub is replaced by a set of initial states Q sub 0 sub . Generally, Muller automaton refers to non deterministic Muller automaton. For more comprehensive formalism look at automaton . Equivalence with other automata The Muller automata are equally automaton Expressive ... of the above automata and non deterministic Muller automata can be shown very easily as the accepting conditions of these automata can be emulated using the acceptance condition of Muller automata. McNaughton ... Muller automaton. Thus, deterministic and non deterministic Muller automaton are equivalent in terms of the languages they can accept. Transformation to non deterministic muller automaton Following ... muller automaton. From B chi automaton If math B math is the set of final states in a B chi automata with the set of states math Q math , we can construct a Muller automata with same set of states, transition function and initial state with the muller accepting condition as F X X 2 sup Q sup X B math ... math can be emulated by constructing the acceptance set in the Muller automata as all sets in math F ... E j,F j math can be emulated by constructing the acceptance set in the Muller automata as all sets in math ... , for all j. Transformation to deterministic muller automaton Union of two deterministic muller automaton ... B chi automaton to deterministic Muller automaton. References http www.tcs.tifr.res.in pandya grad aut06 ... more details
primarysources biography date October 2007 Mark Muller born August 26, 1964 in Geneva is a Switzerland Swiss real estate lawyer and politician in the Cantons of Switzerland canton of Canton of Geneva Geneva . A member of the Parti Lib ral Genevois , he has been a member of the Grand Council of Geneva Grand Council since 2001. In November 2005, he was elected to the Council of State of Geneva Council of State , and was re elected in November 2009. External links http www.markmuller.ch Mark Muller s official website Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Muller, Mark ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH August 26, 1964 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Muller, Mark Category FDP.The Liberals politicians Category 1964 births Category Living people Category Swiss politicians Switzerland politician stub de Mark Muller fr Mark Muller ... more details
Bauke Muller born 17 February 1962 is a Netherlands Dutch Contract bridge bridge player living in Hoorn . Muller was World Champion Open Teams Bermuda Bowl in 1993 and European Champion Open Teams Tenerife in 2005. In 2007 he won the bronze medal at both the European Open Team Championships in Antalya and the World Open Teams Championships in Shanghai . He is nicknamed the professor because of his habit of very long pauses for thought. External links WBFpeople 4569 http www.topbridge.nl sjanghai sjanghai players open.html Muller at topbridge.nl WPCBIndex Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Muller, Bauke ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 17 February 1962 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Muller, Bauke Category 1962 births Category Living people Category Dutch bridge players Category People from Hoorn bridge game stub nl Bauke Muller ... more details
Infobox person name Victor Muller image Victor Muller.jpg image size 150px caption birth name Victor Roberto Muller ref name Muller cite web title Victor Roberto Muller Swedish url http www.allabolag.se befattningshavare Muller 252C Victor Roberto Personprofil 3e7f8e2a9685d95154178ad31277ddce publisher AllaBolag.se ref nickname VM birth date birth date and age 1959 09 13 birth place Amsterdam , Netherlands death date death place death cause residence nationality Dutch people Dutch ethnicity alma mater Leiden University employer Swedish Automobile NV br Spyker Cars NV br Saab Automobile AB occupation executive management Executive br Entrepreneur Founder and CEO of Spyker Cars 2000 present br ... Muller ref name Muller born 13 September 1959 is a Netherlands Dutch businessman. He is the founder ... car company Saab Automobile AB . Education and early career Muller studied Law at Leiden University ... in IJmuiden . From 1992 onwards, Muller led several companies, such as Emergo Mode Groep Emergo ... . Spyker Cars Muller and Maarten de Bruijn founded Dutch car company Spyker Cars in 2000, renewing the Spyker name which had been used surrounding car production in the 1920s. Muller was the CEO of the company until May 16, 2007, when he was succeeded by Michiel Mol . Muller continued to work for the company .... Saab Automobile AB Muller is also the chairman of the company Swedish Automobile , which was formed ... a Swedish biography of Victor Muller was published, Cirkus Muller , by journalist Jens B Nordstr m ... cirkus muller av jens b nordstroem 604968 title Ekerlids F rlag AB Ny bok Cirkus Muller av Jens B ... links http www.fembusiness.nl web Mensen Persoon.htm?dbid 248&typeofpage 66524 Muller at FEM business & finance nl icon Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Muller, Victor ALTERNATIVE ... Muller, Victor Category 1959 births Category Living people Category Dutch businesspeople ... bio stub de Victor Muller nl Victor Muller no Victor Muller sv Victor Muller zh ... more details
About a military officer the Olympic athlete Emil Muller athlete Unreferenced date May 2011 Emil Muller was a Captain in the Imperial German Army who was convicted and sentenced at the Leipzig War Crimes Trial in 1921. Muller was born in Karlsruhe and worked as a barrister before joining the army. He was appointed head of the Flavy de Martel prisoner of war camp where approximately 1000 prisoners were held. Charges leveled against him after the end of the First World War included the failure to maintain a decent condition of the camp which led to many deaths as a result of dysentery , failure to prevent the commission of crimes and to punish the perpetrators thereof and, as well as physical violence directed towards prisoners. He was sentenced to six months. The term command responsibility was first applied in the trial of Muller. External links http www.lawreports.co.uk Newsletter OnlineArticles LeipzigWarTrialsAug05.htm ICLR report on the Leipzig War Trials Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Muller, Emil ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Muller, Emil Category German military personnel of World War I Category People from Karlsruhe Category People from the Grand Duchy of Baden Category German people convicted of war crimes Category World War I crimes by Imperial Germany Germany mil bio stub it Emil Muller pl Emil Muller o nierz ... more details
Pieter Muller born 5 May 1969 in Bloemfontein is a former international South Africa national rugby union team South Africa rugby union player. A Centre rugby union centre , he was known for his strength and direct running. He played his club rugby Greystones R.F.C. in Ireland and for Cardiff Blues . Muller also had an unsuccessful stint playing for Australian rugby league side Penrith Panthers , in the Winfield Cup , making only a handful of appearances in the two years of his contract. muller then returned to South Africa and club rugby before once again representing the Springboks. External links Springboks id 18680 name Pieter Muller South Africa Squad 1999 World Cup Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Muller, Pieter ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION South African rugby union player DATE OF BIRTH 5 May 1969 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Muller, Pieter Category 1969 births Category Living people Category South African rugby union players Category South Africa international rugby union players Category Cardiff Blues players Category Greystones R.F.C. players SouthAfrica rugbyunion bio stub fr Pieter Muller it Pieter Muller ... more details
Infobox football biography playername Bennie Muller image caption fullname Bennie Muller dateofbirth birth date and age 1938 8 14 df y cityofbirth Amsterdam countryofbirth Netherlands height position Midfielder years1 1958&ndash 1970 clubs1 AFC Ajax Ajax caps1 426 goals1 ? nationalyears1 1960&ndash 1968 nationalteam1 Netherlands national football team Netherlands nationalcaps1 43 nationalgoals1 2 Bennie Muller born 14 August 1938 is a Netherlands Dutch former association football footballer who played at both professional and international levels as a midfielder . Career Muller played club football for AFC Ajax Ajax . He also appeared for the Netherlands national football team Dutch national side on 43 occasions. ref cite web url http www.rsssf.com miscellaneous bmuller intl.html title Bennie Muller International Appearances accessdate 4 October 2010 publisher RSSSF ref Personal life Muller was one of only four Jewish players to have played for Ajax the others being Eddy Hamel , Johnny Roeg and Dani l de Ridder . Citation needed date May 2011 His son Danny Muller Danny was also a professional footballer. References Reflist Use dmy dates date May 2011 Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Muller, Bennie ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION Dutch footballer DATE OF BIRTH 14 August 1938 PLACE OF BIRTH Amsterdam , Netherlands DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Muller, Bennie Category 1938 births Category Living people Category Dutch footballers Category Dutch people of Jewish descent Category Netherlands international footballers Category Jewish footballers Category AFC Ajax players Category People from Amsterdam Netherlands footy bio stub it Bennie Muller nl Bennie Muller ... more details
for the actor Frank Muller multiple issues autobiography February 2011 coi February 2011 essay like February ... company company name Franck Muller logo company type Private company company logo company slogan Master ... Franck Muller industry Watch manufacturing products Wristwatches br Jewelry homepage URL http www.franckmuller.com ... Muller born July 1958 is a noted Switzerland Swiss watchmaker and the company of the same name. The brand of watches carries the slogan Master of Complications . Franck Muller s watches are worn by various ... who says time has to be in order the franck muller crazy hou.html title Who Says Time Has To Be In Order? The Franck Muller Crazy Hours A Study In Being Unique publisher Hodinkee.com date 2008 10 29 accessdate 2012 01 25 ref Robin Williams , Elton John , 50 Cent , and Jos Mourinho . Franck Muller ... is Franck Muller himself. He claims to design the mechanism of every watch by himself. Biography Franck Muller was born in 1958. He spent his childhood in La Chaux de Fonds with his Italian mother ... , Franck Muller became responsible for handling watches from the collection of Patek Philippe . Most .... Business Soon after, in 1984, Franck Muller designed his own tourbillon wristwatch . ref cite web url http hourology.com store franck muller.html title Franck Muller publisher Hourology.com date accessdate ..., among them Patek Philippe and Vacheron Constantin . The private clients of Franck Muller continued to come for new timepieces, and thus his business started growing. The House of Franck Muller opened in 1991, ref http www.peterjackson.co.uk franckmuller.html FRANCK MULLER dead link date January ... States . Today, his factory, which is also the headquarters of Franck Muller, produces a limited number of watches for private clientele. Franck Muller s collections include a variety of designs and price ... premieres Franck Muller is also known for its World Premiers . Each year, the manufacturer launches ... premieres from Franck Muller are patented. All his watches are mechanical, having either a manual ... more details
Infobox person image imagesize name Myriam Muller birth date Birth date and age 1971 4 12 birth place Luxembourg death date death place othername occupation Actress yearsactive 1989 in film 1989 present Myriam Muller born 12 April 1971 is a Luxembourgian actress. She starred in Wedding Night End of the Song Hochz itsnuecht , which was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1992 Cannes Film Festival . ref name festival cannes.com Cite web url http www.festival cannes.com en archives ficheFilm id 60 year 1992.html title Festival de Cannes Wedding Night End of the Song accessdate 2009 08 15 work festival cannes.com ref Selected filmography Wedding Night End of the Song Hochzaeitsnuecht 1992 8 Women 1999 Shadow of the Vampire 2000 Don t Look Back 2009 film Don t Look Back 2009 References Reflist External links IMDB name 0612212 Myriam Muller Use dmy dates date September 2010 Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata Persondata NAME Muller, Myriam ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION Actor DATE OF BIRTH 1971 4 12 PLACE OF BIRTH Luxembourg DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Muller, Myriam Category 1971 births Category Living people Category Luxembourgian film actors Luxembourg actor stub fr Myriam Muller lb Myriam Muller ... more details
File Karin Muller 2009.jpg thumb right Karin Muller Karin Muller born June 8, 1965 is a Swiss born author, filmmaker, photographer, and adventurer. Muller set out in the 1990s to travel the world s historic highways. She is an expert lecturer on Japan for the National Geographic Society , has been featured on National Public Radio and Minnesota Public Radio s Marketplace radio program Marketplace , and her writing appears in National Geographic magazine National Geographic and Traveler magazine Traveler magazines. Her first expedition took her to the Ho Chi Minh Trail in Vietnam , which enabled her to produce a Public Broadcasting Service PBS television special, Hitchhiking Vietnam , and a companion book by Globe Pequot Press of the same name. Her second expedition took her to the Inca Empire Inca Road , a four thousand mile trek from Quito, Ecuador to Santiago, Chile resulting in a television ... . Muller s third adventure took her to Japan , where she lived with a pre Buddhist mountain Yamabushi ... Karin Muller Karin Muller Rolf Potts July 2006 retrieved 23 October 2008 ref Muller lives in Santa Fe, New Mexico . Citation needed date October 2008 Non profit activities Muller has founded an educational ... of View homepage ref Muller spends two to three months filming in various locales, then provides ... website on Japanland Muller s latest documentary series http www.pbs.org hitchhikingvietnam PBS hosted site on Muller s one hour PBS documentary on Vietnam http pdngallery.com cobrand nikonnet ontheroad karin muller Photo essay on Japan by Muller for Nikon s magazine http www.nationalgeographicexpeditions.com experts 117 detail Karin Muller s profile on National Geographic website http www.japanlandonline.com website for purchasing Muller s books and documentary series http www.peacecorpswriters.org ... . NAME Muller, Karin ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH June 8, 1965 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Muller, Karin Category 1965 births Category Living ... more details
Infobox Company company name Muller Martini company logo Image Logo.Mullermartini.jpg 150px company type ... footnotes Muller Martini , based in Switzerland , manufactures a wide variety of Printing ... in Switzerland, Germany and the United States. Muller Martini employs approximately 4,000 people ... and changed its name to Grapha Maschinenfabrik Hans M ller A. G. That same year Muller sold its ... and magazine inserting machines was started. As Muller expanded, new manufacturing, sales and service facilities were set up around the world. A United States subsidiary, the Hans Muller Corp. was established in 1967. Martini joined the Muller organization in 1969. Founded by Friedrich von ... wide acclaim. Muller Martini developed its first offset web press for business forms in 1972 and is now ..., Muller Martini USA offices relocated to Hauppauge, New York Hauppauge , Long Island . At the same time, the company name was changed to Muller Martini Corp. A network of sales, product management ... in the Atlanta , Chicago , and San Francisco areas. In the United States, Muller Martini started its ... development. In 1989, Daverio in Switzerland and KJ in Denmark became part of the Muller Martini, with the ability ... States market, joined the Muller Martini group of companies in 1992. GMA was renamed Muller Martini Mailroom Systems. Muller Martini took over the manufacture of the VBF product line of case binding ... own training center in Bad Mergentheim, Germany, within 2 years. In 2007 VBF became Muller Martini Book Technology GmbH. As of January 2002, Muller Martini USA assumed marketing and customer service support for all VBF machines in the United States, along with casemakers made by Hoerauf . In 2004 Muller ... mailroom systems. Today, Muller Martini is one of the leading companies in the following business ... web online Industry News and Trends Muller Martini Files Patent Suits 1 4650 QuickPrinting.com Article Muller Martini Files Patent Suits Bot generated title ref Paperback Softcover Production ... more details
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