Pfam box Symbol Myotoxins Name Myotoxin image Crotamin 1H5O.png width caption Structure of crotamine, a Na channel affecting toxin from Crotalus durissus terrificus venom. ref name pmid12709056 cite journal author Nicastro G, Franzoni L, de Chiara C, Mancin AC, Giglio JR, Spisni A title Solution structure of crotamine, a Na channel affecting toxin from Crotalus durissus terrificus venom journal Eur. J. Biochem. volume 270 issue 9 pages 1969 79 year 2003 month May pmid 12709056 doi 10.1046 j.1432 1033.2003.03563.x url ref Pfam PF00819 InterPro IPR000881 SMART Prosite PDOC00435 SCOP 1h5o TCDB OPM family OPM protein PDB PDB3 1h5o A 1 42 Myotoxins are small, basic peptide s found in snake Venom poison venom s, such as in that of certain rattlesnake s ref name PUB00001595 cite journal author Griffin PR, Aird SD title A new small myotoxin from the venom of the prairie rattlesnake Crotalus viridis viridis journal FEBS Lett. volume 274 issue 1 pages 43 47 year 1990 pmid 2253781 doi 10.1016 0014 5793 90 81325 I ref ref name PUB00005315 cite journal author Samejima Y, Aoki Y, Mebs D title Amino acid sequence of a myotoxin from venom of the eastern diamondback rattlesnake Crotalus adamanteus journal Toxicon volume 29 issue 4 pages 461 468 year 1991 pmid 1862521 ref . This involves a non enzymatic mechanism that leads to severe muscle necrosis . These peptides act very quickly, causing instantaneous paralysis to prevent prey from escaping and eventually death due to diaphragm anatomy diaphragmactic paralysis. The first myotoxin to be identified and isolated was crotamine , from the venom of Crotalus durissus terrificus , a tropical South American rattlesnake, by Brazil ian scientist Jos Moura Gon alves , in the 1950s. Its biological actions, molecular structure and gene responsible for its synthesis were all elucidated in the last two decades. References reflist Category Vertebrate toxins Category Muscular system de Myotoxin es Miotoxina tr Miyotoksin ... more details
Taxobox image regnum Animal ia phylum Chordata subphylum Vertebrate Vertebrata classis Reptile Reptilia ordo Squamata subordo Snake Serpentes familia Viperidae subfamilia Viperinae genus Macrovipera species Macrovipera lebetina M. lebetina subspecies M. l. turanica trinomial Macrovipera lebetina turanica trinomial authority Cernov, 1940 synonyms Vipera lebetina turanica Chernov In Terent ev & Chernov, 1940 Daboia Daboia lebetina turanica Obst, 1983 Macrovipera lebetina turanica Golay et al., 1993 ref name McD99 McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Tour T. 1999. Snake Species of the World A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1. Herpetologists League. 511 pp. ISBN 1 893777 00 6 series . ISBN 1 893777 01 4 volume . ref Common names Turan blunt nosed viper. ref name Meh87 Mehrtens JM. 1987. Living Snakes of the World in Color. New York Sterling Publishers. 480 pp. ISBN 0 8069 6460 X. ref Macrovipera lebetina turanica is a venomous snake venomous Viperinae viper subspecies ref name ITIS ITIS id 635245 taxon Macrovipera lebetina turanica accessdate 10 August 2006 ref found in Turkmenistan , Uzbekistan , Tajikistan , Kazakhstan , Afghanistan and Pakistan . ref name Mal03 Mallow D, Ludwig D, Nilson G. 2003. True Vipers Natural History and Toxinology of Old World Vipers. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida. 359 pp. ISBN 0 89464 877 2. ref Description The color pattern consists of a dark ground color with a lighter, orange dorsal zigzag pattern. The supraoculars are usually semidivided. ref name Mal03 Distribution Eastern Turkmenistan , Uzbekistan , Tajikistan , southwestern Kazakhstan and parts of northern Afghanistan . ref name Mal03 Venom Not much is known about its venom but it contains procoagulants fibrinogenases and likely contains Myotoxin myotoxins . It s also possible that it contains hemorrhagins and Cytotoxin cytotoxins . The average venom yield per bite is somewhere between 31 63 mg dry weight . It has been known to have caused death in adult humans and, al ... more details
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