Image NURBS 3 D surface.gif thumb right 400px Three dimensional NURBS surfaces can have complex, organic ... the X Y extents of the surface. Image NURBstatic.svg thumb right A NURBS curve. br Image Spline01.gif Animated version Non uniform rational b spline basis spline NURBS is a mathematical model ... formula e and 3D modeling modeled shapes. History Development of NURBS began in the 1950s by engineers ... of B zier splines, which can be regarded as uniform, non rational B splines. At first NURBS were ... part of standard computer graphics packages. Real time, interactive rendering of NURBS curves and surfaces ... NURBS modeller for PCs, called N RBS, was developed by CAS Berlin, a small startup company ... available for desktop use offer NURBS technology, which is most often realized by integrating a NURBS engine from a specialized company. Use Image motoryacht design i.png 250px thumb right Motoryacht design. NURBS are commonly used in computer aided design CAD , manufacturing Computer aided ... wide used standards, such as IGES , ISO 10303 STEP , ACIS , and PHIGS . NURBS tools are also found ... programs and yet allow for easy human interaction. NURBS surfaces are functions of two parameters .... In general, editing NURBS curves and surfaces is highly intuitive and predictable. Control points ..., is usually composed of several NURBS surfaces known as patches . These patches should be fitted ... of geometric continuity . Higher level tools exist which benefit from the ability of NURBS to create ... refers to the shape of the resulting surface since NURBS surfaces are functions, it is also possible ... smoothing, which is otherwise practically impossible to achieve without NURBS surfaces that have ... analysis . Technical specifications A NURBS curve is defined by its order , a set of weighted control points , and a knot vector . NURBS curves and surfaces are generalizations of both B spline ... which makes NURBS curves rational non rational B splines are a special case of rational B splines . Whereas ... more details
ref Towards the end of 2007 NURBS were introduced for making shapes and for synthesizing sounds ...&sid 1759c7420efeedf184901d8d79dd5a05 NurbsLathe for 2.127 ref In 2010 NURBS control point animation, NURBS stitching and a number of other features to aid making movies were introduced. ref http seamless3d.com download 2.161.html NURBS control point animation and NURBS stitching were added in 2010 ... operations in real time whenever a control point in the 3d window is dragged. NURBS Surface ... on NURBS surfaces. This includes being able to drag the vertices anywhere along the NURBS surface ... advantage over simply converting a NURBS surface to a polygon mesh for editing because NSPE lets the user be able continue to modify the NURBS surface for the hand edited polygon structure. Because NSPE ensures that when a polygon s vertex is dragged it will always be on the NURBS surface, NSPE ... time animation. Fusing NURBS Surfaces Image Fuse surfaces.png thumb right 150px Fusing NURBS suraces By including a FuseSurface feature designed for fusing 2 NURBS surfaces together, Seamless3d allows for the creation of smooth continuous curvy models made from multiple NURBS surfaces. SeamlessScript ... PNG texture formats and BMP file format BMP when using DirectX B ziers & NURBS lathes and NURBS patches http www.seamless3d.com tut nurbs patch av index.html Tangent matched NURBS Surface Fusion http www.seamless3d.com tut nurbs patch av index.html Nurbs Surface Poly Modeling NSPE Software robot ... www.seamless3d.com tut nurbs lathe av index.html http www.seamless3d.com tut worm animation index.html Sound synthesis using NURBS http www.seamless3d.com tut soundtrack index.html Seamless3d files are a compact ... more details
Isogeometric analysis is a recently developed computational approach that offers the possibility of integrating finite element analysis FEA into conventional NURBS based CAD design tools. Currently, it is necessary to convert data between CAD and FEA packages to analyse new designs during development, a difficult task since the computational geometric approach for each is different. Isogeometric analysis employs complex NURBS geometry the basis of most CAD packages in the FEA application directly. This allows models to be designed, tested and adjusted in one go, using a common data set. ref name cottrell cite book last Cottrell first J. Austin coauthors Thomas J.R. Hughes , Yuri Bazilevs title Isogeometric Analysis Toward Integration of CAD and FEA publisher John Wiley & Sons date October 2009 pages isbn 978 0 470 74873 2 url http as.wiley.com WileyCDA WileyTitle productCd 0470748737.html accessdate 2009 09 22 ref The pioneers of this technique are Thomas J.R. Hughes Tom Hughes and his group at the University of Texas at Austin . ref cite journal last Hughes first T.J.R. coauthors J.A. Cottrell, Y. Bazilevs year 2005 title Isogeometric analysis CAD, finite elements, NURBS,exact geometry and mesh refinement journal Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Engrg. publisher Elsevier volume 194 pages 4135 4195 url http home.zcu.cz danek DATA diplomka hughes.pdf ref A reference free software implementation of some isogeometric analysis methods is GeoPDEs ref name geopdes Cite web url http geopdes.sourceforge.net title GeoPDEs a free software tool for isogeometric analysis of PDEs accessdate November 7, 2010 year 2010 ref . References reflist External links http ses2007.tamu.edu plenary.php?action show&plen 19 SES 2007 Plenary Lecturer Thomas Hughes http www.freepatentsonline.com y2009 0024370.html U.S. Patent Method and System for Performing T Spline Based Isogeometric Analysis http geopdes.sourceforge.net GeoPDEs a free software tool for Isogeometric Analysis based on Octave Categor ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Lowercase title dotXSI dotXSI TM is an ASCII file format of Softimage Corporation for storing scene data. It includes support for mesh es, NURBS , 2D and 3D chains, polygon s, materials, hierarchies, skeletons, animation constraints, Hermite spline s, custom effects, and user data. Common applications are architecture design and video game s, becoming popular after Valve pioneered its use in HalfLife2. It was based on the Microsoft x file ascii format, extended to handle much of its specific data structures. The crosswalk SDK includes the ability to transfer data between dotXSI files and the formats of other autodesk products. DEFAULTSORT Dotxsi Category Computer file formats Compu storage stub ... more details
orphan date January 2009 unreferenced date January 2009 2Geom is a computational geometry Library computing library , originally developed for Inkscape . While developed for Inkscape it is a library that can be used from any application. It provides support for basic geometric algebra, Path topology paths , distortions, Boolean algebra logic boolean operations , plotting implicit function s, NURBS and more. The filename of the library is lib2geom after the Unix library name convention of lib followed by the name. http lib2geom.sourceforge.net Homepage graphics software stub Category Free graphics software ... more details
designed and filled it with his own NURBS surfaces. Using modern global shaping techniques he easily ... pixel data and with NURBS surfaces. This is called Hybrid Modeling. In addition to this, a styling idea can be modeled even traditionally as a NURBS surface model. For this Alias offers the conventional ... NURBS surfaces will be filled in an appropriate Network out of curves. This workflow matches mostly ... of singe span NURBS geometry and its direct manipulation is preferred over the time by many automotive ... radii come together. These semi automatic tools are capable to save time during the entire NURBS ... more details
List of numerical computational geometry topics enumerates the topics of computational geometry that deals with geometric objects as continuous entities and applies methods and algorithms of nature characteristic to numerical analysis . This area is also called machine geometry , computer aided geometric design, and geometric modelling . See List of combinatorial computational geometry topics for another flavor of computational geometry that states problems in terms of geometric objects as discrete mathematics discrete entities and hence the methods of their solution are mostly theories and algorithm s of combinatorics combinatorial character. Curves In the list of curve topics , the following ones are fundamental to geometric modelling. Parametric curve B zier curve Spline mathematics Spline Hermite spline Beta spline B spline Higher order spline NURBS Contour line Surfaces B zier surface Isosurface Parametric surface Other Level set method Computational topology Category Mathematics related lists Numerical computational geometry topics Category Geometric algorithms ... more details
G code is a programming language for numerical control. G code or G code may also refer to video recorder scheduling code , a video recorder programming system Tha G Code , a 1999 album by rapper Juvenile G Code, a song by Geto Boys in their 2005 album The Foundation Geto Boys album The Foundation Eun Ji Won discography CD singles G Code , a 2008 album by Korean rapper Eun Ji Won a File Heli.g code.750pix.jpg specific instance of the Bell 206 B Jet Ranger III helicopter algorithms written in the G code G programming language certain codes used in non uniform rational B spline NURBS modeling a code used in the Medical billing United States U.S. medical billing industry with reference to the status of electronic prescribing, for Medicare reimbursement purposes disambiguation ... more details
The OpenGL Utility Library GLU is a computer graphics library . It consists of a number of functions that use the base OpenGL library to provide higher level drawing routines from the more primitive routines that OpenGL provides. It is usually distributed with the base OpenGL package. Among these features are mapping between screen and world coordinates, generation of Texture mapping texture mipmap s, drawing of quadric surfaces, Nonuniform rational B spline NURBS , tessellation of polygonal primitives, interpretation of OpenGL error codes, an extended range of transformation routines for setting up viewing volumes and simple positioning of the camera, generally in more human friendly terms than the routines presented by OpenGL. It also provides additional primitives for use in OpenGL applications, including sphere s, cylinder geometry cylinder s and Disk mathematics disks . GLU functions can be easily recognized by looking at them because they all have code glu code as a prefix. An example function is code gluOrtho2D code which defines a two dimensional orthographic projection matrix. Specifications for GLU are available at the http www.opengl.org documentation specs OpenGL specification page See also OpenGL Utility Toolkit GLUT OpenGL User Interface Library GLUI freeglut Category OpenGL de OpenGL Utility Library es OpenGL Utility fr OpenGL utility library it OpenGL Utility Library pt GLU ru GLU ... more details
Orphan date March 2011 Unreferenced date April 2009 Infobox Software name Cybermotion 3D logo screenshot caption collapsible author developer Reinhard Epp Software released 1995 Start date YYYY MM DD discontinued latest release version 14.0 latest release date 2009 09 13 Start date and age YYYY MM DD latest preview version latest preview date Start date and age YYYY MM DD frequently updated programming language operating system Microsoft Windows Windows platform size language german, english status genre 3D software license Proprietary software Proprietary website http www.3d designer.com Cybermotion 3D Designer is a 3D modeling, animation and rendering package. It supports subdivision surfaces, B splines b spline , NURBS and boolean operations. A landscape editor and an atmosphere editor stars, fog, clouds, etc. are also included. For animation forward or inverse kinematics can be applied. Skeleton based animation is also possible. The package uses the proprietary CMO file format, but it is capable of importing OBJ, 3DS, RAW and DXF files, and exporting OBJ, DirectX, VRML 2.0, 3DS, DXF or RAW. The builtin renderer is global illumination capable. It support Caustic optics caustics , photon mapping , ambient occlusion , Screen Space Ambient Occlusion , HDRI rendering and other features. Category 3D graphics software Category 1995 software graphics software stub ... more details
from consumer goods products to ships. Most systems today use nonuniform rational B spline NURBS mathematics ... be merged into a single NURBS surface at these points are knot lines. The number of knots will determine ... G2 curvature radius G3 acceleration rate of change of curvature To achieve a high quality NURBS or Bezier ... modelling Computer representation of surfaces Steven Anson Coons NURBS Parametric surface Category ... more details
Infobox Software name Moment of Inspiration logo screenshot caption developer Triple Squid Software Design latest release version 1.1 latest release date latest test release version 2.0 beta latest test release date operating system Microsoft Windows 2000 XP Vista programming language genre 3D computer graphics software license Proprietary software Proprietary website http www.moi3d.com www.moi3d.com Moment of Inspiration MoI is a 3D modeling program designed for Microsoft Windows and aimed at designers and artists. It supports precision and freeform NURBS drawing tools and sports a unique user interface that operates seamlessly with a pen tablet. Features Helper programs These are small stand alone programs that add further functionality to MoI. ref http moi3d.com resources Helper programs MoI helper programs ref Obj23dmWireframe converter enables bringing polygon data in an .obj file into MoI to use as a construction guide. 3dmCurves2DXF converter enables converting curves from .3dm to .dxf format, to help export data from MoI to some CAM programs. SeparateOBJ editor enables editing an .obj file to break objects down into smaller pieces to help with material assignment in some other programs such as Poser, HyperShot, and Bryce. MergeOBJ editor enables editing an .obj file to combine all the different objects in it into one single object. Blender importer a custom Blender .lwo import script written by Anthony D Agostino to enable exporting data from MoI to Blender while preserving the accurate vertex normals to get high quality smooth shading. See also 3D computer graphics software List of 3D graphics software References reflist External links http www.moi3d.com Official website http kyticka.webzdarma.cz 3d moi Petr s Moi page 3D software Category 3D graphics software Category Windows only software ... more details
Deleted image removed Image Point cloud shuttle.png thumb 350px A point cloud image of the Space Shuttle Endeavour on the Launch Pad A point cloud is a set of vertices in a three dimensional coordinate system. These vertices are usually defined by X , Y , and Z coordinates, and typically are intended to be representative of the external surface of an object. Point clouds are most often created by 3D scanner s. These devices measure in an automatic way a large number of points on the surface of an object, and often output a point cloud as a data file. The point cloud represents the set of points that the device has measured. As the result of a 3D scanning process point clouds are used for many purposes, including to create 3D Computer aided design CAD models for manufactured parts, metrology quality inspection, and a multitude of visualization, animation, rendering and mass customization applications. While point clouds can be directly rendered and inspected, ref Rusinkiewicz, S. and Levoy, M. 2000. QSplat a multiresolution point rendering system for large meshes. In Siggraph 2000. ACM , New York, NY, 343 352. DOI http doi.acm.org 10.1145 344779.344940 ref usually point clouds themselves are generally not directly usable in most 3D applications, and therefore are usually converted to polygon mesh polygon or triangle mesh models, NURBS NURBS surface models, or CAD models through a process commonly referred to as surface reconstruction. There are many techniques for converting a point cloud to a 3D surface. Some approaches, like Delaunay triangulation , alpha shape s, and ball pivoting, build a network of triangles over the existing vertices of the point cloud, while other approaches convert the point cloud into a voxel volumetric distance field and reconstruct the implicit surface so defined through a marching cubes algorithm. ref http meshlabstuff.blogspot.com 2009 09 meshing point clouds.html Meshing Point Clouds A short tutorial on how to build surfaces from point ... more details
Notability date March 2009 Infobox person name Guido Quaroni image imagesize caption birth date Birth date and age 1967 11 09 birth place Pavia, Italy othername Guido occupation Voice Actor , Computer Scientist and Visual Effects Supervisor Guido Quaroni born November 9, 1967 is an Italians Italian voice actor and Supervising Technical Director at Pixar Animation Studios . He was one of the developers of solidThinking , a NURBS based 3D modeling and artistic rendering rendering software . He attended the faculty of Electronic Engineering at the Politecnico di Milano in Milan Italy from 1987 to 1992. In 1991 Quaroni started his professional career as a software engineer designing and writing the first version of solidThinking , a NURBS based 3D modeling and artistic rendering rendering software for the NeXT platform. solidThinking was awarded as the best new application in the CAD and 3D category at NeXTWORLD EXPO held in San Francisco in June 1993. In 1996 Quaroni interviewed during SIGGRAPH in New Orleans for a position at Pixar and in January 1997 he moved to the U.S. to start working on Toy Story 2 . Quaroni worked initially as a generalist Technical Director on Toy Story 2 performing modeling, articulation, shading and special effect tasks. In 2000 he was promoted sequence supervisor for the movie Monsters, Inc. focusing on dynamic simulations and special effects. Upon completion of the movie in 2001, Quaroni moved to the Software R&D division leading the team responsible for the shading and texturing production pipeline. In 2007 Quaroni returned to production taking the role of Supervising Technical Director for the movie Toy Story 3 leading the teams responsible for characters, sets, animation controls, surface materials, lighting, special effects and rendering. As a Voice Actor , Quaroni provided voices for three of Pixar s feature films, ref name imdbinfo http www.imdb.com name nm0702925 Internet Movie Database page on Guido Quaroni ref Monsters, Inc., Cars ... more details
B Spline NURBS method or polygonal mesh method, which are usually collectively called BREP methods ..., Phys Med Biol, 55, 3789, 2010. ref NURBS based phantom Surfaces of a Non uniform rational B spline NURBS based phantom are defined by Non uniform rational B spline NURBS equation s which are formulated by a set of control points. The shape and volume of a NURBS surface vary with the coordinates ... Toolkit VTK , provide built in functions able to rapidly convert polygonal mesh into NURBS ... 9 months adult female phantom ref name rpi.edu Segars was the precursor of applying NURBS to phantom design. In 2001 his thesis doctoral thesis described the method of developing a dynamic NURBS based ... set and were composed of 3D NURBS surfaces. Respiratory motion was also incorporated into this phantom ... patient NURBS based whole body models, Phys Med Biol, 52, 3309, 2007. ref ref Lee, C. et al. Hybrid ... by NURBS surfaces whereas the skeleton, brain and extra thoracic airways were modeled by polygonal ... phantoms by adapting the NURBS based NCAT adult male and female phantoms. ref name Stabin, M. 2008 ICRP 89 reference body and organ values were used to adjust NURBS surfaces. In 2009 Cassola et al ... more details
stack i.e., on top of other modifications NURBS or non uniform rational B spline An alternative to polygons, it gives a smoothed out surface that eliminates the straight edges of a polygon model. NURBS ... hulls, which can be exactly reproduced at any resolution whenever needed. With NURBS, a smooth sphere can be created with only one face. The non uniform property of NURBS brings up an important point. Because they are generated mathematically, NURBS objects have a parameter space in addition to the 3D ... appearance of the NURBS object. Parameter space is one dimensional for curves, which have only ... two dimensions in parameter space, called U and V. Citation needed date June 2008 NURBS curves and surfaces ... or nurbs modeling, as it enables a user to interpolate curved sections with straight geometry for example ... be converted from a torus knot object to a NURBS surface. ChamferCyl Creates a cylinder with beveled ... more details
how to use the Alias design and animation software. NURBS Modeling in Alias 9.0 554 pages Tools to create and modify NURBS curves and surfaces, as well as construction and evaluation tools. Polygonal ... more details
NURBS Modeling for Windows. SAP2000 structural analysis program. Scilab Mathematical tool, clone of MATLAB . Punch Shark FX NURBS based Surface and Volume Modeling for Mac OS X and Windows. Stellarium ... more details
This is an alphabetical index of articles related to curves. See also curve , list of curves , and list of differential geometry topics . acnode algebraic curve Arc geometry arc asymptote asymptotic curve Barbier s theorem barycentric http www.mathcurve.com courbes2d barycentric barycentric B zier curve B zout s theorem Birch and Swinnerton Dyer conjecture Bitangent Bitangents of a quartic Cartesian coordinate system caustic mathematics caustic Ces ro equation chord geometry cissoid circumference closed timelike curve concave function concavity conchoid mathematics confocal contact mathematics contour line crunode cubic Hermite curve curvature curve orientation curve fitting curve fitting compaction curve of constant width curve of pursuit curves in differential geometry cusp singularity cusp De Boor algorithm differential geometry of curves eccentricity mathematics elliptic curve cryptography envelope mathematics Fenchel s theorem genus mathematics geodesic geometric genus great circle distance harmonograph hedgehog curve hedgehog http mathworld.wolfram.com Hedgehog.html Hilbert s sixteenth problem hyperelliptic curve cryptography inflection point inscribed square problem intercept , y intercept , root of a function x intercept intersection number isoperimetric inequality Jordan curve Jordan curve theorem knot limit cycle linking coefficient list of circle topics loop knot M curve Mannheim curve http www.mathcurve.com courbes2d mannheim mannheim meander mathematics Mordell conjecture natural representation opisometer orbital elements osculating circle osculating plane Osgood curve parallel curve parallel transport parametric curve B zier curve spline mathematics Hermite spline Beta spline B spline higher order spline NURBS perimeter pi plane curve Pochhammer contour Polar coordinate system Prime geodesic Projective line Line mathematics Ray Ray Regular parametric representation Reuleaux triangle Ribaucour curve http www.mathcurve.com courbes2d ribaucour ribaucour h ... more details
Infobox software name OpenFX logo screenshot caption collapsible author Dr. Stuart Ferguson developer released latest release version 2.0, September 15th, 2007 latest release date latest preview version latest preview date frequently updated programming language operating system Microsoft Windows Windows platform size language status genre license GNU General Public License website http www.openfx.org OpenFX is an Open Source , free software free modeling and animation studio, distributed under the GNU General Public License , created by Dr. Stuart Ferguson. He made the decision to release the source code to the public in the middle of 1999 and released a stable version a year and a half later. The product, formerly named SoftF X, was renamed to OpenFX. The OpenFX featureset includes a full renderer and raytracing engine, NURBS support, kinematics based animation, morphing , and an extensive plugin API. Plugin capabilities include image post processor effects such as lens flare , fog and depth of field . Animation effects such as explosions, waves and dissolves add to the flexibility of the program. Version 2.0 also features support for modern graphics cards with hardware GPU acceleration. OpenFX supports the Win32 platform, including Windows 95 , Windows NT NT , Windows 98 98 , Windows Me ME , Windows 2000 2000 and Windows XP XP . It can run under Unix based platforms by using the Wine software Wine compatibility layer. Release history class wikitable Version Release Date Changes Beta January 15, 2001 First Public Beta 1.0 February 9, 2001 Initial Release 1.1 July 22, 2004 stereoscopy Stereo hardware support br Stand Alone Model Viewer OFXVIEW.exe br A Stereo Movie Viewer GGPLAY.exe br A fullscreen flc and avi player DDPLAY.EXE 1.5 September 22, 2005 Better Wave Simulation Plugin br Cubic Environment Support br Removed vertex cap br Bug fixes 1.7 November 3, 2006 Fixed anti aliasing problems 2.0 September 15, 2007 Hardware rendering support External links Portal Fr ... more details
Mesh generation is the practice of generating a polygon al or polyhedron polyhedral polygon mesh mesh that approximates a geometric domain. The term grid generation is often used interchangeably. Typical uses are for rendering to a computer screen or for physical simulation such as finite element analysis or computational fluid dynamics . The input model form can vary greatly but common sources are CAD , NURBS , B rep and STL file format . The field is highly interdisciplinary, with contributions found in mathematics , computer science , and engineering . Three dimensional meshes created for finite element analysis need to consist of tetrahedron tetrahedra , pyramid geometry pyramid s, prism geometry prism s or hexahedron hexahedra . Those used for the finite volume method can consist of arbitrary polyhedron polyhedra . Those used for finite difference method s usually need to consist of piecewise structured arrays of hexahedra known as multi block structured meshes. See also Delaunay triangulation Fortune s algorithm Polygon mesh Regular grid Ruppert s algorithm Tessellation Unstructured grid Stretched grid method References citation last Edelsbrunner first Herbert authorlink Herbert Edelsbrunner isbn 9780521793094 publisher Cambridge University Press title Geometry and Topology for Mesh Generation year 2001 postscript none . citation last1 Frey first1 Pascal Jean last2 George first2 Paul Louis isbn 9781903398005 publisher Hermes Science title Mesh Generation Application to Finite Elements year 2000 postscript none . Citation author P. Smith and S. S. Sritharan year 1988 title Theory of Harmonic Grid Generation journal Complex Variables volume 10 pages 359 369. url http www.nps.edu Academics Schools GSEAS SRI R3.pdf postscript none Citation doi 10.1080 00036819208840072 author S. S. Sritharan year 1992 title Theory of Harmonic Grid Generation II journal Applicable Analysis volume 44 issue 1 pages 127 149. postscript none citation last1 Thompson first1 J. F. authorl ... more details
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