Portal Ancient Near East The Neolithicfoundercrops or primary domesticates are the eight plant species that were Domestication domesticated by early Holocene Pre Pottery Neolithic A and Pre Pottery Neolithic B farming communities in the Fertile Crescent region of southwest Asia , and which formed the basis of systematic agriculture in the Middle East , North Africa , India , Persia and later Europe . They consist of flax , three cereal s and four Pulse legume pulses , and are the first known domesticated plants in the world. Ref Daniel Zohary and Maria Hopf, Domestication of Plants in the Old World, third edition. Oxford University Press, 2000. ref Although domesticated rye Secale cereale occurs in the final Epi Palaeolithic strata at Tell Abu Hureyra the earliest instance of a domesticated plant species , ref Hillman G., Hedges R., Moore A., Colledge S., Pettitt P. New evidence of lateglacial cereal cultivation at Abu Hureyra on the euphrates 2001 Holocene, 11 4 , pp. 383 393 ref it was an insignificant in the Neolithic Period of southwest Asia and only became common with the spread of farming into northern Europe several millennia later. ref G. Hillman. Late Pleistocene changes in wild plant foods available to hunter gatherers of the northern Fertile Crescent possible preludes to cereal cultivation. In Harris, ed. The origins and spread of agriculture and pastoralism in Eurasia. 1996. ref Cereals Emmer Emmer wheat Triticum dicoccum , descended from the wild T. dicoccoides Einkorn wheat Triticum monococcum , descended from the wild T. boeoticum Barley Hordeum vulgare sativum , descended from the wild H. spontaneum Pulses Lentil Lens culinaris Pea Pisum sativum Chickpea Cicer arietinum Vicia ervilia Bitter vetch Vicia ervilia Other Flax Linum usitatissimum references Reflist ... edition. Oxford University Press, 2000. ISBN 0 19 850356 3 DEFAULTSORT NeolithicFounderCrops Category Ancient Near East Category History of agriculture Category Neolithic Category Prehistory of the Middle ... more details
File N olithique 0001.jpg thumb 250px An array of Neolithic artifacts, including bracelets, axe heads, chisels, and polishing tools. Neolithic stone implements are by definition polished and except for specialty items not chipped. Refimprove date February 2012 POV date February 2012 Neolithic 257 The Neolithic ... . The Neolithic followed the terminal Holocene Epipaleolithic period, beginning with the History of agriculture rise of farming , which produced the Neolithic Revolution , and ending when metal tools ... Age , depending on the geographical region. The Neolithic is a measured progression of behavioral and cultural characteristics and changes, including the use of wild and domestic crops and the domestication use of domesticated animals . ref Some archaeologists have long advocated replacing Neolithic ... acceptance. ref New findings put the beginning of a culture tentatively called Neolithic back to around ... 2006 ref Until those findings are adopted within the archaeological community, the beginning of the Neolithic ... was between 12000 10200 cal. BCE and the so called proto neolithic is now included in the PPNA between ... in the Levant and spread to Asia Minor , North Africa and North Mesopotamia . Early Neolithic farming ... elements characteristic of the Neolithic appeared everywhere in the same order the earliest ... Britain , it remains unclear to what extent plants were domesticated in the earliest Neolithic, or even ... Neolithic cultures that arose completely independent of those in Europe and Southwest Asia. J mon ... one human species existed, only one human species Homo sapiens sapiens reached the Neolithic. Homo floresiensis may have survived right up to the very dawn of the Neolithic, about 12,200 years ago. The term Neolithic derives from the Greek language Greek , neolithikos , from neos ... phase In the Middle East, cultures identified as Neolithic began appearing by in the 10th millennium BC. ref name Bellwood Early development occurred in the Levant e.g., Pre Pottery Neolithic A and Pre ... more details
wiktionary founderFounder or Founders may refer to Entrepreneur , the starter of a private or public company Founder, a metallurgist who operates a foundry Founder, a hoof ailment caused by Laminitis Rotation, sinking, and founder Laminitis Founding Fathers see list of national founders Founder IRC , management status for Internet Relay Chat Founders Star Trek Founders Star Trek , a subrace of the fictional Changeling race To founder foundering, a nautical term for a shipwreck accident The Founder , the student newspaper at Royal Holloway, University of London Companies Founders Brewing Company , a craft brewery located in Grand Rapids, Michigan Worshipful Company of Founders , a London livery company Founder Group , a Chinese information technology and pharmaceutical conglomerate Founder Technology , a Shanghai subsidiary See also List of founders of English schools and colleges Founder effect , genetic effect of expansion of isolated small populations Foundered strata , rock beds which have collapsed due to removal of underlying beds disambig simple Founder ... more details
italictitle About the student newspaper other uses founder StudentMedia name The Founder logofile The Founder Issue 4 Cover.jpg logoalt The Founder type Newspaper launch 2006 former names web http www.thefounder.co.uk university Royal Holloway, University of London other media Radio Insanity radio Insanity distribution 1 On Campus, Englefield Green, Egham, Staines, Windsor dist details 1 The Founder is the independent student newspaper at Royal Holloway, University of London . It is distinguished from other campus media by its compact newspaper compact design and its independence from SURHUL . Current information The newspaper is headed by its founder, Jack Lenox. In the autumn 2007 edition of the College s alumni magazine, Higher , Lenox was spotlighted as a natural born leader . ref Higher 1 It consists of a newspaper with a large arts section called, Extra . The newspaper contains the sections News Comment & Debate Features Film Music Sport In December 2010 The Founder became the first student publication in the UK to launch an iPhone app. Impact The Founder s launch was covered in the London ... that The Founder seemed to have been created by people who had done it before . The article further .... Fact date March 2008 In June 2008, writing from The Founder newspaper was showcased in the inaugural issue of FS Magazine as an example of the best of student journalism . Awards In 2011, The Founder ... s Best Feature Writer. Special features The Founder has featured a number of top tier interviews since ... Tim Minchin Famous editions The Founder has produced a number of memorable front pages that have been ... halls? The Founder also printed an anonymous letter written by an undergraduate student with an administrative ... Although a fledgling newspaper, The Founder is known to have good relationships with some ... issue pages pp. 32 33 doi id url format accessdate External links http www.thefounder.co.uk The Founder ... Founder Category Royal Holloway, University of London Category United Kingdom student newspapers ... more details
seeds longer. Several plant species, the pioneer crops or Neolithicfoundercrops , were the earliest ... name Weiss2006 This process of domestication allowed the foundercrops to adapt and eventually ...Neolithic The Neolithic Revolution was the first agricultural revolution. It was the wide scale transition ... amelioration , Anil K. Gupta , Current Science, Vol. 87, No. 1, 19 October 2010 ref However, the Neolithic ... Neolithic complex is seen in the Middle East ern Sumer ian cities ca. 3,500 BC , whose emergence also inaugurates the end of the prehistoric Neolithic period. The relationship of the above mentioned Neolithic ... to each other at various Neolithic sites remains the subject of academic debate, and seems to vary ... http cas.bellarmine.edu tietjen images neolithic agriculture.htm The Slow Birth of Agriculture , Heather ... to 3100 BC The term Neolithic Revolution was coined in the 1920s by Vere Gordon Childe to describe ... journal articles 129510 ref Andrew M. T. Moore Andrew Moore suggested that dawn of the neolithic ... the Epipaleolithic . In A Reassessment of the Neolithic Revolution , Frank Hole further expanded ... revues home prescript article paleo 0153 9345 1984 num 10 2 939 Hole, Frank., A Reassessment of the Neolithic ... sapiens reached the Neolithic. Domestication of plants Image Molino neol tico de vaiv n.jpg thumb right Neolithic grindstone for processing grain Once agriculture started gaining momentum, human activity ... attempts failed at first and crops were abandoned, sometimes to be taken up again and successfully domesticated thousands of years later rye , tried and abandoned in Neolithic Anatolia , made its way ... dormancy in their first year, was found in the early Neolithic at Jerf el Ahmar in modern Syria ... Neolithic site of Gilgal, Bik at HaYarden Gilgal I , where in 2006 ref Cite web url http www.sciencedaily.com ... and then abandoned during the Neolithic period in the Ancient Near East, at sites like Gilgal, were ... techniques, their crops would Crop yield yield surpluses that needed storage. Most hunter ... more details
In United States agriculture policy, minor crops refers to crops that may be high in value but that are not widely grown. Many fruits, vegetables, and tree nuts come under this definition. The IR 4 program is one publicly funded program to help producers of minor crops with their unique problems. References CRS article Report for Congress Agriculture A Glossary of Terms, Programs, and Laws, 2005 Edition url http ncseonline.org nle crsreports 05jun 97 905.pdf author Jasper Womach DEFAULTSORT Minor Crops Category United States Department of Agriculture ... more details
Image Neolithic expansion.svg thumb 250px Map showing the Neolithic expansions from the 7th to the 5th ... in ca. 4000 3500 BC Neolithic Europe refers to a prehistoric period in which Neolithic technology was present ... . The Neolithic overlaps the Mesolithic and Bronze Age periods in Europe as cultural changes moved ... of the Neolithic varies from place to place, its end marked by the introduction of bronze implements ... of specific chronology, many European Neolithic groups share basic characteristics, such as living ... s wheel . There are also many differences, with some Neolithic communities in southeastern Europe living in heavily fortified settlements of 3,000 4,000 people e.g., Sesklo in Greece whereas Neolithic ..., chronology, social organization, subsistence practices and ideology of the peoples of Neolithic ... of Neolithic Europe, including migration events and genetic relationships with peoples in South Asia ... between speakers of Indo European languages and Neolithic peoples. Some archaeologists believe that the expansion of Neolithic peoples from southwest Asia into Europe, marking the eclipse ... in Paleolithic times. Archaeology of the Neolithic Archeologists believe that food producing societies ... 6500 BC at Knossos , Franchthi Cave , and a number of mainland sites in Thessaly . Neolithic groups appear soon afterwards in the Balkans and south central Europe. The Neolithic cultures of southeastern ... in southwest Asia and Anatolia e.g., atalh y k . Current evidence suggests that Neolithic material ... Africa and the Pontic steppes are due to diffusion out of Europe. All Neolithic sites in Europe ... domestication of animals took place in Neolithic Europe, and that all domesticated animals were ... of the early Neolithic is relatively homogeneous, compared both to the late Mesolithic and the later Neolithic. The diffusion across Europe, from the Aegean to Britain, took about 2,500 ... a delay in settling the Pannonian plain . In general, colonization shows a saltatory pattern, as the Neolithic ... more details
In Indian sub continent, the crops grown on irrigated lands which do not have to wait for monsoons, in the short duration between Rabi and Kharif crop season, mainly from March to June, are called Zaid crops also written as Zayad crops . These crops are grown mainly in the summer season during a period called the Zayad crop season .They require warm day weather for major growth period and longer day length for flowering. Examples Musk melon Water melon Gourds Cucumber File ARS cucumber.jpg 150px Cucumber cucumber File Muskmelon.jpg 170px Musk melon Musk melon File Taiwan 2009 Tainan City Organic Farm Watermelon FRD 7962.jpg 150 px Watermelon Watermelon File Bittermelloncloseup.jpg 155px Bitter gourd Bitter gourd See also Kharif crop Rabi crop Agriculture in India Agriculture in Pakistan References http etawah.nic.in farming.htm E2kB Farming Rabi, Kharif and Zayad Crops Animal Husbandry Fischery http pali.nic.in agriculture.htm Location http wiki.answers.com Q What are ZAID crops in India ixzz1kIxQ55B5 Category Crops Category Agriculture in India Category Agriculture in Pakistan agri stub India stub Pakistan stub ... more details
History of Algeria The Neolithic Subpluvial sometimes called the Holocene Wet Phase was an extended period from about 7500 7000 BC to about 3500 3000 BC of wet and rainy conditions in the climate history of northern Africa. It was both preceded and followed by much drier periods. The Neolithic Subpluvial was the most recent of a number of periods of Wet Sahara or Green Sahara , during which the region was much more moist and supported a richer Biota ecology biota and human population than the present day desert. Date ranges The Neolithic Subpluvial began during the 7th millennium BC and was strong for about 2000 years it waned over time and ended after the 5.9 kiloyear event 3,900 BCE . Then the drier conditions that prevailed prior to the Neolithic Subpluvial returned desertification advanced, and the Sahara desert formed or re formed . Arid conditions have continued through to the present day. ref Sources differ on specific date ranges, which necessarily varied over such a wide geographic expanse. One Bard, Kathryn A. 1999 , ed. Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt. London, Routledge, pg 863 gives 9000&ndash 5000 BP, or 7000&ndash 3000 BCE, for the duration of the subpluvial. Another Wilkinson, Toby A. H. 1999 , Early Dynastic Egypt. London, Routledge, pg 372 places the end of the subpluvial c. 3300 BCE. ref Geography and hydrography During the Neolithic Subpluvial, large areas of North Africa North , Central Africa Central , and East Africa had Hydrography hydrographic profiles significantly different from later norms. Existing lakes had surfaces tens of meters higher than today, sometimes with alternative drainages Lake Turkana , in present day Kenya , drained ... Prehistoric Central North Africa Clement and fertile conditions during the Neolithic Subpluvial supported increased human settlement of the Nile Valley in Egypt , as well as neolithic societies ... crops as opposed to simply the gathering of wild grains. ref Camps, Gabriel 1974 , Les civilisation ... more details
. In Europe , Neolithic long house long houses built from wattle and daub were constructed ... there are many thousand still in existence. Neolithic people in the British Isles built long barrow ... of the megalith s found in Western Europe and the Mediterranean were also erected in the Neolithic ... temple is Ggantija on Gozo Island . Neolithic pile dwelling s have been excavated in Sweden ... Unteruhldingen Unteruhldingen and Zurich Pfahlbauland . In Romania, Moldova, and Ukraine, Neolithic ..., which was still used by Romanians and Ukrainians up until the 20th Century. Neolithic List of archaeological sites settlements include Jericho in the Levant , Neolithic from around 8350 BC, arising ... Dolmen DEFAULTSORT Neolithic Architecture Category Architectural history bs Neolitska arhitektura ... more details
File TrihedralNeolithic.jpg thumb Trihedral Neolithic axe or pick from Joub Jannine II , Lebanon. Cream flint patinated to brown. In the collection of the Museum of Lebanese Prehistory at the Saint Joseph University , Beirut , Lebanon. Stone Age Trihedral Neolithic is a name given by archaeologists to a style or archaeological industry industry of striking spheroid and trihedral flint tools from the archaeological site of Joub Jannine II in the Beqaa Valley , Lebanon . ref Fleisch, Henri., Les industries lithiques r centes de la B kaa, R publique Libanaise, Acts of the 6th C.I.S.E.A., vol. XI, no. 1. Paris, 1960. ref The style appears to represent a highly specialized Neolithic industry. Little comment has been made of this industry. ref name CopelandWescombe1965 cite book author1 Lorraine Copeland author2 P. Wescombe title Inventory of Stone Age sites in Lebanon, p. 43 url http books.google.com books?id 6YsRRwAACAAJ accessdate 21 July 2011 year 1965 publisher Imprimerie Catholique ref References reflist Category Archaeological cultures Category Neolithic Category Lithics ... more details
File Heavyneolithicscraper.jpg right 250px thumb Heavy Neolithic tools of the Qaraoun culture found at Mtaileb ... grey and streaky silicious limestone. Stone Age Heavy Neolithic alternatively, Gigantolithic is a style ... culture in the Beqaa Valley , Lebanon , dating to the Epipaleolithic or early Pre pottery Neolithic ... site for the Qaraoun culture is Qaraoun II . Naming The term Heavy Neolithic was translated by Lorraine ... termed Gigantolithic and confirmed as Neolithic by Alfred Rust and Dorothy Garrod. Characteristics ... crescent. Heavy Neolithic industry occurred before the invention of pottery and is characterized ... the Pottery Neolithic at Byblos 10600 to 6900 BCE according to the ASPRO chronology and noted Aceramic ..., just as the following Pottery Neolithic cultures can be traced back to the Lebanon. ref name Mellaart ... side of the mountains. Heavy Neolithic sites were found near sources of flint and were thought ... The Neolithic of the Levant publisher Oxford University, Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis year 1978 pages 443 url http ancientneareast.tripod.com 183.html ref The identification of Heavy Neolithic sites in Lebanon ... s, discoid core s and steep scrapers. This presented particular problems with sites where Heavy Neolithic ... Anjar I and Dakoue . Although tools similar to Heavy Neolithic ones were found at later Neolithic surfaces sites, little relationship could be established between those found at the later Neolithic ... line between the related Shepherd Neolithic zone of the north Bekaa Valley could also not be clearly ... . Not enough exploration has been carried out yet to conclude whether the bands of Neolithic surface ... with Heavy Neolithic finds include Qaraoun I , Adloun II , Akbiyeh , Beit Mery II , Dikwene II , Hadeth ... first A.M.T. title The Neolithic of the Levant publisher Oxford University, Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis ... Neolithic industry has also been identified at the Palestine Palestinian archaeological sites ... Petre . ref name Moore3 cite book last Moore first A.M.T. title The Neolithic of the Levant publisher ... more details
NeolithicNeolithic Tibet refers to a prehistoric period in which Neolithic technology was present in Tibet . Tibet has been inhabited since the Late Paleolithic . ref name Zhao Zhao M, Kong QP, Wang HW, Peng MS, Xie XD, Wang WZ, Jiayang, Duan JG, Cai MC, Zhao SN, Cidanpingcuo, Tu YQ, Wu SF, Yao YG, Bandelt HJ, Zhang YP. 2009 . Mitochondrial genome evidence reveals successful Late Paleolithic settlement on the Tibetan Plateau. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 106 21230 21235. doi 10.1073 pnas.0907844106 PMID 19955425 ref During the mid Holocene , Neolithic immigrants from northern China largely replaced the original inhabitants, bringing with them elements of Neolithic culture and technology, although a degree of genetic continuity with the Paleolithic settlers still exists. ref name Zhao Migration During the mid Holocene , Neolithic settlers from northern China migrated to Tibet, ref name Zhao possibly from a mixture of the Yangshao culture , which inhabited modern day Henan , Shaanxi , and Shanxi , and the Majiayao culture , which inhabited the upper Yellow River region in modern day Gansu and Qinghai . ref name Blench Blench, pp. 76 77 ref Archaeological evidence suggests that the spread of the Sino Tibetan proto language was caused by the westward expansion of the Yangshao culture, intermingling with the Majiayao culture, which expanded further west into the Himalaya s. ref name Blench The neolithic cultures of Kashmir , northern Sikkim , Qamdo , and Bhutan are all the result of this migration into the Tibetan Plateau , primarily through the use of two routes. ref name Blench The first, the southward route through modern day Sichuan into Sikkim , Bhutan and southeastern Tibet .... ref name Blench Blench, pp. 76 77 ref Archaeological sites Evidence of neolithic Tibetan inhabitants ... the Neolithic Qijia culture in Gansu and Qinghai , while findings in Qamdo resemble the Dadunzi site in Yunnan , although there may be some connections with the Neolithic culture of the Yellow River ... more details
Stone Age Shepherd Neolithic is a name given by archaeologists to a style or archaeological industry industry of small flint tools from the Hermel plains in the north Beqaa Valley , Lebanon . ref Fleisch, Henri., Les industries lithiques r centes de la B kaa, R publique Libanaise, Acts of the 6th C.I.S.E.A., vol. XI, no. 1. Paris, 1960. ref The Shepherd Neolithic industry has been insufficiently studied and was provisionally named based on a limited typology collected by Jesuit archaeologist P re Henri Fleisch . ref name CopelandWescombe1965 cite book author1 Lorraine Copeland author2 P. Wescombe title Inventory of Stone Age sites in Lebanon, p. 43 url http books.google.com books?id 6YsRRwAACAAJ accessdate 21 July 2011 year 1965 publisher Imprimerie Catholique ref Lorraine Copeland and Peter J. Wescombe suggested it was possibly of quite late date . ref name CopelandWescombe1965 Characteristics Shepherd Neolithic material can be found dispersed over a wide area of the north Beqaa Valley in low concentrations. M. Billaux and Henri Fleisch suggested that the flints were of a higher quality than the brittle flint in the nearby Conglomerate geology conglomerates indicating that they had been imported from somewhere else. Three groups of flint could be determined light brown, red brown and that varied but was usually grey chocolate that was distinguished with a radiant desert shine . Characteristics of the industry include smallness in size, commonly between 2.5 cm and 4 cm and frequently ... , Mesolithic or even Pottery Neolithic . He further suggested that the industry could have ... Heavy Neolithic zone of the south Bekaa Valley could also not be clearly defined but was suggested ... carried out to conclude whether the bands of Neolithic surface sites continues south into the areas ... ref Sites Apart from the type sites at El Qaa and Maakne I other sites with Shepherd Neolithic finds ... Category Archaeological cultures Category Neolithic Category Lithics ... more details
Unreferenced date August 2008 The Neolithic tombs of Northwestern Europe , particularly Ireland , were built by the Neolithic New Stone Age people in the period 4000 2000 BC. There are four main types Passage grave s Portal dolmen s Court cairn s Wedge shaped gallery grave s Standing Stones All these types of tomb were built from large slabs of Rock geology rock which were uncut or worked only slightly. In each case, there was a doorway made from two large stones facing each other. The doorway led to an inner chamber, or a passage and chamber, lined with flat slabs. In all but the portal dolmens, the tomb was then covered in earth and small stones to make a mound. While some of these stone structures did indeed have human remains contained within them, it is erroneous to suggest that they all were tombs . It is peculiar to note that after being in use for 3 4,000 years many of these contained no bones whatsoever. Some remains that were carbon dated showed that the interments were inserted hundreds of years after the megaliths were constructed. It would seem that when the original purpose of the passage tombs was abandoned, they were adapted for use as crypts by later generations. Category Burial monuments and structures euro archaeology stub ... more details
Founder s Award , Founders Award , or Founders Award may refer to any number of awards associated with an organization s founder or founders Founder s Badge Boys Brigade in Malaysia Google Founders Award Order of the Arrow Founder s Award, see Honors and awards of the Order of the Arrow Founder s Award Theater Hall of Fame Founders Award, see American Theatre Hall of Fame Founders Award Founder s award of Women in Film Crystal Lucy Awards disambig ... more details
Infobox Company company name Founder Technology Group Corporation br company logo Image Foundertech.png company type State owned enterprise genre foundation 1986 founder location city Shanghai location country People s Republic of China location origins key people Chairman Mr. Fang Zhonghua area served People s Republic of China industry Information technology products services revenue operating income net income num employees parent Founder Group divisions subsid owner company slogan homepage http www.foundertech.com eng en index.asp Founder Tech en icon br http www.foundertech.com Founder Tech zh icon Founder Technology Group Corporation SSE 600601 , a subsidiary of Founder Group from Peking University , is an information technology state owned enterprise in Shanghai , China . It is engaged in the product development development of personal computers and computer peripherals , under the brand of Fang Zheng , and printed circuit boards . ref http finance.google.com finance?q SHA 600601 Founder Technology Group Corp. ref History Founder Technology was established in 1986 and listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange in 1990. References reflist External links Official http www.foundertech.com eng en index.asp Founder Tech en icon Official http www.foundertech.com Founder Tech zh icon Category Companies based in Shanghai Category Companies established in 1986 Category Information technology companies Category Peking University Category Government owned companies of the People s Republic of China Category 1986 establishments in China de Founder Technology Group fr Founder Technology Group zh ... more details
contains Chinese text Infobox Company name Founder Group logo type nowrap begin Government owned corporation ... ref http www.founder.com en ref genre foundation 1986 founder location city Beijing location ... net income assets equity owner num employees 30,000 parent divisions subsid Founder Technology homepage http www.founder.com en founder.com footnotes intl Founder Group is a major China Chinese ... company pharmaceuticals . Its subsidiary Founder Technology Group is the second largest personal ... itself as a computer chip designer. Founder Group was created by Peking University in 1986, and has grown to become one of China s most innovative and influential high tech companies. Founder Group ... , and over 20 sole funded enterprises and joint ventures. Altogether, Founder Group has nearly 30,000 ... 1995, Founder computers and monitors were released 1998, the Founder Group acquired Yanzhong Industrial, which was then renamed Founder Technologies, invested with high quality assets such as Founder Computer, thus promoting the migration toward hi tech businesses December 1995, the Founder Hong Kong Co., Ltd. was listed on the Hong Kong stock market as a red chip stock 1994, Founder began its expedition into the area of system integration 1992, the first overseas branch, the Founder Hong Kong Co., Ltd. was established and Founder began tapping into the international market 1992, Founder ..., used in dozens of domestic and overseas TV stations December 12, 1992, the Beida Founder Group ... Service to form the Beida New Technologies Inc. predecessor of the Founder Group and production and operations ..., mainly operating in the information industry August 2000, Founder worked with Yahoo and other ..., the Rongwen Technologies holding Co., Ltd. was renamed the Founder Digital holding Co., Ltd. ref http www.founder.com en About Founder Events list 43 0 0 0 2000.html ref September 2001, Founder ... sets In early 2001, Founder entered broadband areas, engaged in broadband network access, operation ... more details
distinguish Founder effect Founder s syndrome, sometimes called Founderitis, ref cite web last Kleibrink ... used to refer to a pattern of behavior on the part of the founder s of an organization that, over ... Founder s Syndrome publisher National Resources Centre accessdate 2008 11 22 ref and commonly occurs in both non profit organization non profit and for profit . An organization faces founder s syndrome ..., seeking effective involvement with organizational development and the founder s who seek to dominate .... ref name best There are a number of negative effects that may occur when an original founder CEO .... Exclusion of newcomers First, a founder s passion and charisma, initially essential to the successful ... is expanded. The founder s domination of the decision making process may frustrate effective ... NP Bd FoundersSyndrome Art.htm title Founder s Syndrome? Who me? publisher Help4NonProfits accessdate 2008 11 22 ref Exclusion of other founders In projects where there was more than one founder, but only one remains with the project, the remaining founder may use their influence to remove all references ... 2012 04 17 ref ref cite web url http www.bigoakinc.com blog interview with wikipedia founder jimmy wales title Interview with Wikipedia Founder Jimmy Wales publisher Big Oak SEO Blog accessdate ... with the person or personality of the founder and may experience diminished public trust. Typically ... to hear the words, That s not how we ve always done it. Decision making The founder is at the center ... selected by the founder and thus is often composed of friends and colleagues of the founder. The board s role may be relegated to support for the founder, rather than to lead the organization. They are often ... isn t to the mission, but to the founder. They are unable to answer basic questions without ... loyalty to the founder rather than skills, organizational fit, or experience. Founders tend to surround themselves with cheerleaders, rather than people with valuable insights and ideas. Coping with Founder ... more details
In genetics , a founder mutation is a mutation that appears in the DNA of one or more individuals who are founders of a distinct population. Founder mutations initiate with changes that occur in the DNA and can get passed down to other generations. ref name BSCS cite web url http bscs.org pages curriculumdevelopment onco glossary.htm title Bioinformatics Glossary publisher bscs.org accessdate 2009 03 23 ref ref name CIHR cite web url http www.mshri.on.ca colorectalcancer definitions.html title Colorectal Cancer Research Definitions publisher www.mshri.on.ca accessdate 2009 03 23 ref Founder mutations originate in long stretches of DNA on a single chromosome indeed, the original haplotype is the whole chromosome. As the generations progress, the proportion of the haplotype that is common to all carriers of the mutation is shortened due to genetic recombination . This shortening allows scientists to roughly estimate the age of the mutation. ref name SCIAM cite web url http www.sciam.com article.cfm?id founder mutations title Founder Mutations Scientific American publisher www.sciam.com accessdate 2009 03 23 ref References references genetics stub Category Evolutionary biology Category Genetics Category Mutation fa ... more details
for the concept in organizations Founder s syndrome Image Founder effect.png thumb right Simple illustration of founder effect. The original population is on the left with three possible founder populations on the right. In population genetics , the founder effect is the loss of genetic variation that occurs ... The Theory of Speciation VIA the Founder Principle journal Genetics volume 94 issue 4 pages 1011 ... , from the parent population from which it is derived. In extreme cases, the founder effect ... founder populations show that one or the other color may predominate founder effect , due to random sampling of the original population. A population bottleneck may also cause a founder effect even though it is not strictly a new population. The founder effect is a special case of genetic drift . ref ... H Freeman and Company ref In addition to founder effects, the new population is often a very small ... s Vineyard , which resulted in the development of Martha s Vineyard Sign Language . General The founder ... the founder effect and by extension, genetic drift a significant driving force in the evolution ... in genetic variation and small population size accompanying the founder effect were critically important ... pages 470 edition Illustrated location United States year 1998 ref Serial founder effect Serial founder effects have occurred when populations migrate over long distances. Such long distance ... distance in human populations for a serial founder effect originating in Africa journal Proc. Natl ... out of Africa is characterized by serial founder effects. ref cite journal author DeGiorgio M ... based serial founder model of migration outward from Africa journal Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. ... pmc 1534032 doi 10.1186 1471 2164 7 151 ref Founder effects in island ecology Founder populations ... found, but a classic series of studies on founder population effects were done following the catastrophic ... smothering layers, forcing the restart of their biodiversity from zero. Founder effects in human ... more details
coord 51 25 29 N 00 34 00 W type landmark display title Infobox building name Founder s Building native name former names alternate names image Foundersrhul.jpg alt caption Founder s Building of Royal Holloway, University of London map type map alt map caption altitude building type architectural style Gothic Revival architecture Gothic Revival structural system cost Pound sterling 600,000 client Thomas Holloway owner current tenants landlord location address location town Egham location country United Kingdom iso region coordinates display latitude longitude latd latm lats latNS longd longm longs longEW coordinates start date 1874 completion date 1881 inauguration date 1886 renovation date demolition date destruction date height diameter floor count floor area main contractor architect William Henry Crossland architecture firm structural engineer services engineer civil engineer awards url references Image RoyalHolloway FrontEntrance.jpg thumb right 295px The main gate of the college with the Founder s Building in the background The Founder s Building was the original building of Royal Holloway College and is an example of Gothic Revival architecture in the United Kingdom. Today it is the dominant building on the campus of Royal Holloway, University of London RHUL in Egham , Surrey . The construction of the building began in 1874, and was completed in 1881. The building and the college were a Pound sterling 600,000 gift to the nation by the entrepreneur and philanthropy philanthropist Thomas Holloway . It was designed by the architect William Henry Crossland , and inspired ... 26&storycode 405223&c 1 Original features Times Higher Education. 5 February 2009 ref The Founder .... Many of the college s main administrative offices remain within the Founder s Building. It is also ... at the time of completion are available for viewing in the Royal Holloway archives located in Founder ... Seabhcan.jpg thumb 360px left Founder s Building Category Grade I listed buildings ... more details
Refimprove date February 2007 The Salvation Army In 1917, five years after the death of the founder of the Salvation Army William Booth , his son, General Bramwell Booth , inaugurated the Order of the Founder to recognise Salvationists who had rendered distinguished service, such as would have specially commended itself to the Founder. ref The Salvation Army Yearbook, 2010 pp. 35 ref The first awards were made in 1920 to 15 officers and one soldier. Three years later, seven officers and one local officer were honored, but since then the awards have been made much more sparingly and, to date, 104 officers and 106 lay Salvationists have been recognised with the Army s highest honor, a mere 210 in total over 83 years. The first presentation was to a soldier, Private Herbert Bourne, for outstanding Christian witness and service during military service in the First World War . A few senior leaders like Commissioner T. Henry Howard , General Evangeline Booth and Commissioner Catherine Bramwell Booth have been picked out but. much more commonly, faithful and devoted service by less well known personalities has been acknowledged. Some of the early awards went to people in the United Kingdom , Australia , Indonesia , Russia , France and the USA , but very quickly recipients from Japan , Guyana , Switzerland , Denmark , The Netherlands , China and Norway were picked out. New Zealand has probably had a higher than average recognition for the size of its population, but other territories such as Korea , South America West and Zimbabwe have also been featured. The honor is rarely given because every nomination is carefully and painstakingly scrutinised by a panel of senior leaders at IHQ. Salvationists have every reason to be proud of those who have been awarded this outstanding recognition for meritorious Christian example, witness and service. The recipients of the order are class ... Emma Major Caribbean 2000 References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Order Of The Founder Category The Salvation ... more details
Fertile Crescent Neolithicfoundercrops Timeline of agriculture and food technology References refs Category History of agriculture Category Crops originating from the Americas ...refimprove date July 2010 The phrase New World Crops is usually used to describe crops that were native to North America North and South America before 1492 and not found anywhere else in the world at that time. Many of these crops have since come to be grown around the world and have often become an integral part of various cultures cuisines. Examples class wikitable Table of Ancient New World Crops ref Diamond, Jared. Guns, Germs and Steel , W. W. Norton & Company, 1999, p. 126. ref Cereals Maize Maize corn , Phalaris caroliniana maygrass , little barley , wild rice Pseudocereals Amaranth , quinoa goosefoot quinoa , knotweed , sunflower Pulses Common bean , tepary bean , scarlet runner bean , lima bean , and peanut Fiber Yucca and agave Roots and Tubers Jicama , manioc cassava , potato , sweet potato , oca , mashua , ulluco , arrowroot , yacon , Camassia Camas root , and Calathea allouia leren Fruits Tomato , capsicum pepper , avocado , blueberries , Cranberry cranberries , huckleberries , cherimoya , papaya , Asimina triloba pawpaw , passionfruit , tomatillo , pineapple , guava , prickly pears Melons Squash plant Squash es, chayote Meat and poultry turkey bird Turkey , bison , coypu , muscovy duck , guinea pig , llama Nuts Hickory , Juglans nigra black walnuts , pecans , shagbark hickory , cashews , Brazil nut Other Chocolate , canna plant canna , tobacco , chicle key ingredient in chewing gum , rubber , maple syrup , vanilla , poinsettia , cochineal red dye , logwood Agriculture The new world developed agriculture much later than the fertile crescent . The following tables illustrate the crops that were grown and the chronology of domestication. class wikitable Timeline ... From Ancient Times to the 20th Century Bot generated title ref Date Crops Location 7000BC Maize Central ... more details
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