mergefrom Degenerative disease discuss Talk Neurodegeneration Merger proposal date January 2012 Infobox disease Name Neurodegeneration Image Parasagittal MRI of human head in patient with benign familial ... eMedicineTopic MeshID D019636 Neurodegeneration is the umbrella term for the progressive loss of structure ... journal author Rubinsztein DC title The roles of intracellular protein degradation pathways in neurodegeneration .....796B ref Neurodegeneration can be found in many different levels of neuronal circuitry ranging from ... thompson cite journal author Thompson LM title Neurodegeneration a question of balance journal Nature ... aggregates form. It is still unknown whether or not these aggregates are a cause or a result of neurodegeneration ... develop intraneuronal aggregates leading to neurodegeneration. ref name rubinsztein chaperone mediated autophagy defects may also lead to neurodegeneration. Research has shown that mutant proteins bind ... common form of cell death in neurodegeneration is through the intrinsic mitochondrial apoptotic pathway ... permeability transition. Mitochondrial disease leading to neurodegeneration is likely ... PCD and neurodegeneration Current research, often in transgenic animal models, implicates both apoptotic and non apoptotic pathways in neurodegeneration. Different diseases may enter these pathways at different ... Generally, cell death in neurodegeneration is due to apoptosis and most commonly through the intrinsic ... 91 123 year 2008 pmid 18333761 doi 10.1146 annurev.neuro.30.051606.094302 ref Neurodegeneration in different ... E title Role of protein aggregation in mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer ..., but the findings are significant because they implicate cells other than neuron cells in neurodegeneration ... 10.1038 nn0507 535 ref Aging and neurodegeneration The greatest risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases ... offers neuroprotective effects and can prevent neurodegeneration in hippocampus amyloid beta 25 35. This suggests ... to help clear protein aggregates implicated in neurodegeneration. Both of these options involve ... more details
likely to reduce further neurodegeneration in AD. References Bedalov A, Simon JA 2004 . NAD ... and neurodegeneration. Science. 296, 868 871. Pillai JB, Isbatan A, Imai SI, Gupta MP 2005 . Poly ... more details
Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation NBIA may refer to Pantothenate kinase associated neurodegenerationNeurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation 1 NBIA1 or pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration PKAN , a degenerative disease of the brain Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation 2B NBIA2B , a degenerative disease of the brain Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation 3 NBIA3 , a degenerative disease of the brain Neuroscience stub Category Neuroscience ... more details
Infobox disease Name Pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration Image Pantetheine structure.png Caption Pantetheine DiseasesDB 29462 ICD10 ICD10 G 23 0 g 20 ICD9 ICD9 333.0 ICDO OMIM 234200 MedlinePlus 001225 eMedicineSubj neuro eMedicineTopic 151 MeshID D006211 GeneReviewsID pkan GeneReviewsName Pantothenate Kinase Associated Neurodegeneration Pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration PKAN , also known as neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation 1 NBIA1 and formerly called Hallervorden Spatz syndrome use of this eponym is discouraged due to Drs. Julius Hallervorden and Hugo Spatz s affiliation with the Nazi regime and the ethically unacceptable manner in which they obtained some autopsy specimens ref whonamedit doctor 535 ref ref whonamedit doctor 1063 ref , is a degenerative disease of the brain that can lead to parkinsonism , dystonia, dementia, and ultimately death. Neurodegeneration in PKAN is accompanied by an excess of iron that progressively builds up in the brain. Signs and symptoms Symptoms typically begin in childhood and are progressive, often resulting in death by early adulthood. Symptoms of PKAN begin before middle childhood, and most often are noticed ... patient with atypical pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration journal Movement Disorders ... with Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron accumulation NBIA ref Diagnosis Image Pkan basal ganglia ... pmid 8944032 doi 10.1038 ng1296 479 ref who suggested that this disorder should be referred to as neurodegeneration ... Spatz. The disease was named pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration or PKAN by Zhou et al ... The diverse phenotype and genotype of pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration journal Neurology ... DEFAULTSORT Pantothenate Kinase Associated Neurodegeneration Category Extrapyramidal and movement ... a pantotenat cinasa de Neurodegeneration mit Eisenablagerung im Gehirn es Neurodegeneraci n asociada ... kinase associated neurodegeneration ... more details
NBIA may refer to neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation , a group of degenerative diseases of the brain New Bangkok International Airport Suvarnabhumi Airport , an international airport serving Bangkok, Thailand disambig ... more details
mergeto Neurodegeneration discuss Talk Neurodegeneration Merger proposal date January 2012 Refimprove date December 2009 A degenerative disease , also called neurodegenerative disease, is a disease in which the function or structure of the affected biological tissue tissues or Organ anatomy organs will progressively deteriorate over time, whether due to normal bodily wear or lifestyle choices such as exercise or eating habits. ref http www.nlm.nih.gov medlineplus degenerativenervediseases.html Degenerative Nerve Diseases ref Degenerative diseases are often contrasted with infectious diseases . Examples of degenerative diseases Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ALS , a.k.a., Lou Gehrig s Disease Alzheimer s disease Parkinson s Disease Multiple system atrophy Niemann Pick disease Atherosclerosis Progressive supranuclear palsy Cancer Tay Sachs Disease Diabetes Heart Disease Keratoconus Inflammatory bowel disease Inflammatory Bowel Disease IBD Prostatitis arthritis Osteoarthritis Osteoporosis Rheumatoid Arthritis Huntington s Disease Chronic traumatic encephalopathy See also Aging Disease Life extension Neurodegeneration Senescence Progressive disease References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Degenerative Disease Category Diseases and disorders ar ca Malaltia degenerativa es Enfermedad degenerativa fa fr Maladie d g n rative hr Degenerativne bolesti id Penyakit degeneratif ms Penyakit degeneratif nl Degeneratieve ziekte pl Choroby zwyrodnieniowe pt Doen a degenerativa sl Degenerativna bolezen sv Degenerativ sjukdom th zh ... more details
neurodegeneration PKAN , formerly Hallervorden Spatz syndrome. Alternative splicing, involving ... pkan GeneReviews NCBI NIH UW entry on Pantothenate Kinase Associated Neurodegeneration Further ... doi Cite journal author Hayflick SJ title Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation from ... neurodegeneration. journal Neurology volume 58 issue 11 pages 1673 4 year 2002 pmid 12058097 ... in pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration, localizes to mitochondria. journal Hum. Mol. Genet ... J title Clinical heterogeneity of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation Hallervorden Spatz syndrome and pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration. journal Mov. Disord. volume 19 issue ... accumulation in pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration. journal Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. volume ... brothers with pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration. journal Mov. Disord. volume 20 issue ... Y, Ohmori H, et al. title Pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration initially presenting ... Altered neuronal mitochondrial coenzyme A synthesis in neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation ... in the PANK2 gene in a Chinese patient with atypical pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration ... kinase associated neurodegeneration journal Neurology volume 64 issue 10 pages 1810 2 year ... kinase associated neurodegeneration evidence for a founder effect journal Neurogenetics ... more details
Orphan date September 2008 Peter Calabresi is Director of the Johns Hopkins Multiple Sclerosis MS Center and an Associate Professor of Neurology . Calabresi was recently awarded a five year MS center grant from the National MS Society for the study of mechanisms of neurodegeneration and strategies for neuroprotection in MS. Education His education includes a Bachelor of Science B.S. from Yale College in 1984 and an Doctor of Medicine M.D. from Brown University in 1988. External links http www.neuro.jhmi.edu profiles calabresi.html www.neuro.jhmi.edu profiles calabresi.html Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Calabresi, Peter ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Calabresi, Peter Category Living people Category Year of birth missing living people Category American neurologists US med bio stub ... more details
Infobox disease Name Aceruloplasminemia Image Caption DiseasesDB 30055 ICD10 ICD10 E 83 1 e 70 ICD9 ICD9 275.0 ICDO OMIM 604290 MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Aceruloplasminemia is an autosomal recessive ref cite journal pmid 7708681 year 1995 month March author Harris, Zl Takahashi, Y Miyajima, H Serizawa, M Macgillivray, Rt Gitlin, Jd title Aceruloplasminemia molecular characterization of this disorder of iron metabolism volume 92 issue 7 pages 2539 43 issn 0027 8424 pmc 42253 journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America doi 10.1073 pnas.92.7.2539 ref disorder of iron metabolism characterized by progressive neurodegeneration of the retina and basal ganglia and diabetes mellitus . Iron accumulates in the pancreas , liver and brain . Accumulation in the eye may lead to retinal degeneration . The disease is caused by mutation s in the ceruloplasmin gene . ref cite journal pmid 7539672 year 1995 month March author Yoshida, K Furihata, K Takeda, S Nakamura, A Yamamoto, K Morita, H Hiyamuta, S Ikeda, S Shimizu, N Yanagisawa, N title A mutation in the ceruloplasmin gene is associated with systemic hemosiderosis in humans volume 9 issue 3 pages 267 72 doi 10.1038 ng0395 267 journal Nature genetics ref Aceruloplasminemia belongs to the group of genetic disorders called neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation NBIA . Image autorecessive.svg thumb right Aceruloplasminemia has an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance . References Reflist External links http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov books NBK1493 GeneReviews NCBI NIH UW entry on Aceruloplasminemia http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov omim 117700,604290,117700,604290 OMIM entries on Aceruloplasminemia See also Human iron metabolism Iron overload disorder Mineral metabolic pathology Category Inborn errors of metal metabolism Category Hepatology Category Autosomal recessive disorders Category Iron metabolism genetic disorder stub ca Aceruloplasmin mia de Acaeruloplasmin mie ... more details
PBB geneid 79152 Fatty acid 2 hydroxylase is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FA2H gene . ref name entrez cite web title Entrez Gene Fatty acid 2 hydroxylase url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites entrez?db gene&cmd retrieve&list uids 79152 accessdate 2011 12 30T01 54 36.835 08 00 ref This gene encodes a protein that catalyzes the synthesis of 2 hydroxysphingolipids, a subset of sphingolipids that contain 2 hydroxy fatty acids. Sphingolipids play roles in many cellular processes and their structural diversity arises from modification of the hydrophobic ceramide moiety, such as by 2 hydroxylation of the N acyl chain, and the existence of many different head groups. Mutations in this gene have been associated with leukodystrophy dysmyelinating with spastic paraparesis with or without dystonia ref name entrez cite web title Entrez Gene Fatty acid 2 hydroxylase url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites entrez?db gene&cmd retrieve&list uids 79152 accessdate 2011 12 30T01 54 36.835 08 00 ref as well as fatty acid hydroxylase associated neurodegeneration. ref name pmid22146942 cite journal author Pierson TM, Simeonov DR, Sincan M, Adams DA, Markello T, Golas G, Fuentes Fajardo K, Hansen NF, Cherukuri PF, Cruz P, Blackstone C, Tifft C, Boerkoel CF, Gahl WA title Exome sequencing and SNP analysis detect novel compound heterozygosity in fatty acid hydroxylase associated neurodegeneration journal Eur. J. Hum. Genet. volume issue pages year 2011 month December pmid 22146942 doi 10.1038 ejhg.2011.222 ref References reflist Further reading refbegin 2 Cite pmid 15337768 Cite pmid 17355976 Cite pmid 18463364 Cite pmid 19068277 Cite pmid 19834535 Cite pmid 19844255 Cite pmid 20104589 Cite pmid 21599921 refend gene 16 stub ... more details
The Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases CARD is based at the Guy s Hospital campus of King s College London , England . It is made up of three research groups including the Receptors and Signalling Group, the Neurorestoration Group and Neurodegeneration and Clinical Trials Group. The centre is directed by Professor Pat Doherty ref cite web title CARD Staff Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases CARD King s College London publisher King s College London date 2006 06 28 url http www.kcl.ac.uk schools biohealth research wolfson cardstaff.html accessdate 2006 12 09 archiveurl http web.archive.org web 20061009000758 http kcl.ac.uk schools biohealth research wolfson cardstaff.html archivedate 2006 10 09 ref . References reflist External links http www.kcl.ac.uk schools biohealth research wolfson Official Website King s College London med org stub Category King s College London Category Medical research institutes Category Research institutes in London ... more details
Pantothenate kinase PanK CoaA is the first enzyme in the Coenzyme A biosynthetic pathway. It phophorylates pantothenate Vitamin B5 vitamin B sub 5 sub to form 4 phosphopantothenate. Types Three distinct types of PanK has been identified PanK I found in bacteria , PanK II mainly found in eukaryotes, but also in the Staphylococci and PanK III, also known as CoaX found in bacteria . Eukaryotic PanK II enzymes often occur as different isoforms, such as PanK1, PanK2, PanK3 and PanK4. Genes Gene PANK1 , Gene PANK2 , Gene PANK3 , Gene PANK4 . PANK2 is associated with Pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration , formerly called Hallervorden Spatz syndrome. it also leads to brain fever and finally leads to death External links MeshName Pantothenate kinase EC number 2.7.1.33 enzyme stub Kinases Metabolism of vitamins, coenzymes, and cofactors Category EC 2.7.1 de Pantothenatkinase fr Pantoth nate kinase ja ... more details
Orphan date September 2010 Transneuronal degeneration is the Neurodegeneration death of neurons resulting from the disruption of Afferent neuron input from or Efferent neuron output to other nearby neuron s. ref http medical dictionary.thefreedictionary.com transneuronal degeneration ref References Reflist External links cite journal pages 1418 26 doi 10.1093 hmg ddn030 title Age associated mosaic respiratory chain deficiency causes trans neuronal degeneration year 2008 last1 Dufour first1 Eric last2 Terzioglu first2 M gen last3 Sterky first3 Fredrik Hansson last4 S rensen first4 Lene last5 Galter first5 Dagmar last6 Olson first6 Lars last7 Wilbertz first7 Johannes last8 Larsson first8 Nils G ran journal Human Molecular Genetics volume 17 issue 10 pmid 18245781 pmc 2367695 Category Neuroscience Neuroscience stub ... more details
Primary sources date January 2010 italictitle Infobox journal title Journal of NeuroVirology editor K. Khalili discipline Neuroscience , Virology abbreviation publisher Informa Informa Healthcare country United Kingdom UK frequency Bimonthly history 1974 present openaccess website http www.informapharmascience.com jnv link1 link1 name link2 link2 name RSS atom JSTOR OCLC LCCN CODEN ISSN 1355 0284 eISSN 1528 2443 The Journal of NeuroVirology is a medical journal that publishes Review journal review articles on the molecular biology, immunology, genetics, epidemiology, and pathogenesis of CNS disorders with the goal of bridging the gap between basic and clinical studies, and enhancing translational research in neurovirology. It is published by Informa Informa Healthcare . The Journal of NeuroVirology is the official journal of the International Society of Neurovirology. Core areas Encephalopathies Infectious diseases Virus induced neurodegeneration Molecular biology Immunology Genetics External links http www.informahealthcare.com jnv Journal of NeuroVirology http www.isnv.org International Society of Neurovirology Category Publications established in 1974 Category Neuroscience journals ... more details
Familial British dementia is a form of dementia . It was first reported by Cecil Charles Worster Drought in 1933 ref cite journal author C Worster Drought et al. year 1933 title Familial Presenile Dementia with Spastic Paralysis journal J Neurol Psychopathol volume s1 14 issue 53 pages 2 34 pmc 1038860 PMID 21610757 pmid 21610757 ref and is therefore also known as Worster Drought syndrome. It is caused by a mutation in the ITM2B gene also known as BRI2 a different mutation of the same gene causes the similar syndrome of familial Danish dementia . The combination of amyloid pathology and neurofibrillary tangles has led to comparison with the pathology of Alzheimer s disease . ref cite journal author J Ghiso et al. year 2001 title Chromosome 13 dementia syndromes as models of neurodegeneration journal Amyloid volume 8 issue 4 pages 277 84 PMID 11791622 ref References Reflist Categories Category Articles created via the Article Wizard Category Dementia med diagnostic stub ... more details
neurodegeneration. Therapeutic and prophylactic ophthalmologic lens for pseudophakic eyes and or eyes suffering neurodegeneration. Illumination system with a therapeutic and prophylactic filter for healthy eyes, pseudophakic eyes and or eyes suffering neurodegeneration. Components of prevention for healthy eyes and of therapy and prophylaxis for pseudophakic eyes and or eyes suffering neurodegeneration ... more details
File Sally Temple.jpg thumb Dr. Temple Please add back when a picture is available Sally Temple is a developmental neuroscientist in Albany, New York . She is Scientific Director of http www.nstemcell.org The Neural Stem Cell Institute and Professor of Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology at Albany Medical College . ref name NYNSCI http www.nynsci.org core singlePers ?pers id 21 NYNSCI ref ref http www.amc.edu research CNN cnnresearcher.cfm?ID 139 AMC ref In 2008, Dr. Temple was awarded the MacArthur Fellows Program MacArthur Fellowship , a no strings attached grant intended to supplement the winner s potential for creativity. ref cite web url http www.macfound.org site c.lkLXJ8MQKrH b.4536877 k.1412 Meet the 2008 Fellows.htm title Meet the 2008 Fellows author The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation accessdate 2008 09 23 ref She received education at Cambridge University , University College London , and Columbia University . ref name NYNSCI Dr. Temple is an innovator in the field of stem cells , specifically neural stem cells , which are potentially applicable in cell replacement therapy for ailments like spinal cord injury and neurodegeneration . References Reflist Category MacArthur Fellows ... more details
Hugo Spatz September 2, 1888 January 27, 1969 was a German Neuropathology neuropathologist . In 1937, he was appointed director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Society Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Brain Research . He was a member of the Nazi Party , and admitted to knowingly performing much of his controversial research on the brains of executed prisoners. Along with Julius Hallervorden , he is credited with the discovery of Hallervorden Spatz syndrome now more commonly referred to as Pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration . ref cite journal title Eponyms and the Nazi Era Time to Remember and Time For Change last Strous first Rael D. coauthor Morris C. Edelman work Israel Medical Association Journal year 2007 month March volume 9 issue 3 pages 207 214 url http www.ima.org.il imaj ar07mar 24.pdf accessdate 2010 12 09 ref ref cite web url http www.whonamedit.com doctor.cfm 1063.html title Hugo Spatz publisher Who Named It? accessdate 2010 12 09 ref See also List of medical eponyms with Nazi associations References reflist Persondata name Spatz, Hugo alternative names short description place of birth place of death date of birth September 2, 1888 date of death January 27, 1969 DEFAULTSORT Spatz, Hugo Category 1888 births Category 1969 deaths Category Nazi human subject research Category Nazi physicians germany med bio stub de Hugo Spatz pl Hugo Spatz ... more details
2 HDL2 , and pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration PKAN , primarily affect the brain and the basal ... neurodegeneration align left PANK2 align left autosomal recessive Four syndromes are classified ... more. ref name Medpedia2010 Management Currently, no treatment slows the neurodegeneration in neuroacanthocytosis ... particular ethnic group. ref name GHR ChoreaAcanthocytosis Pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration Main Pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration Pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration ... and is less severe. Pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration was formerly known as Hallervorden ... PKAN Characteristics Individuals are diagnosed with Pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration ... Genetics Pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern ... the disease. ref name GHR PKAN The gene responsible for Pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration ... kinase associated neurodegeneration to occur. ref name GHR PKAN Prevention There are no known prevention methods for Pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration but certain drugs such as alpha tocopherol ... GeneReviews PKAN Management Most of the treatment for Pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration ... ref name GeneReviews PKAN Epidemiology Pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration ... Pantothenate Kinase associated Neurodegeneration. Genetics Home Reference ... br.fcgi?book gene&part pkan Pantothenate Kinase Associated Neurodegeneration. National Center for Biotechnology ... Pantothenate Kinase associated Neurodegeneration. Genetics Home Reference ... Kinase Associated Neurodegeneration. National Center for Biotechnology Information. Gene Reviews ... more details
to cypermethrin during adulthood is found to induce the dopaminergic neurodegeneration in rats and postnatal exposure enhances the susceptibility of animals to dopaminergic neurodegeneration if rechallenged ... last7 Singh first7 MP title Long term exposure to cypermethrin induces nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Sticky mouse is a murine mutant possessing a defective alanyl tRNA synthetase AARS ref name pmid16906138 cite journal author Roy H, Ibba M title Molecular biology sticky end in protein synthesis journal Nature journal Nature volume 443 issue 7107 pages 41 2 year 2006 month September pmid 16906138 doi 10.1038 nature05002 ref and therefore used in investigational studies into mechanisms of neuronal degeneration. Its most immediately obvious symptom is a sticky secretion on the mouse s fur thus the name however, it is accompanied by lack of muscle control, ataxia , alopecia , loss of Purkinje cell s in the cerebellum , and eventually, death. Sticky mouse is one of several animal mutants that are known to have problems in mRNA translation and are used in studies. ref name pmid17680008 cite journal author Scheper GC, van der Knaap MS, Proud CG title Translation matters protein synthesis defects in inherited disease journal Nat. Rev. Genet. volume 8 issue 9 pages 711 23 year 2007 month September pmid 17680008 doi 10.1038 nrg2142 ref See also Wasted mouse wst EEF1A2 defect Harlequin mouse Reeler RELN defect Shaking rat Kawasaki RELN defect References reflist 2 External links http www.nature.com nature journal v443 n7107 edsumm e060907 16.html A sticky wicket editor s summary, Nature, 2006 http videocast.nih.gov Summary.asp?File 15141 Forward Genetics Reveals Novel Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration free online videolecture by Ackerman SL. June 2009 http www.hhmi.org news ackerman20060809.html Sticky mice lead to discovery of new cause of neurodegenerative disease Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 2006 http www.hhmi.org research investigators ackerman bio.html Susan L. Ackerman bio at the Institute site Category Animal diseases Category Mice veterinary med stub ... more details
Deleted image removed Image Atg4 wiki.jpg thumb 220px right Schematic drawing of Atg4b. The color codes for the secondary structure elements are alpha helix , cyan beta strand s, magenta loops, salmon. The active site residues Y54, C74, W142, R229, D278 and H280 are shown in ball and stick representation. The coordinates and structure factors have been deposited in the RCSB PDB accession code 2D1I . Autophagin 1 Atg4 Apg4 is a unique cysteine protease responsible for the cleavage of the carboxyl terminus of Atg8 Apg8 Aut7, a reaction essential for its lipidation during autophagy ref Development by self digestion molecular mechanisms and biological functions of autophagy by Levine B, Klionsky DJ. in Dev Cell. 2004 Apr 6 4 463 77. Review. ref . Human Atg4 homologues cleave the carboxyl termini of the three human Atg8 homology biology homologues , microtubule associated protein light chain 3 LC3 , GABARAP, and GATE 16 ref HsAtg4B HsApg4B autophagin 1 cleaves the carboxyl termini of three human Atg8 homologues and delipidates microtubule associated protein light chain 3 and GABAA receptor associated protein phospholipid conjugates byTanida I, Sou YS, Ezaki J, Minematsu Ikeguchi N, Ueno T, Kominami E. in J Biol Chem. 2004 Aug 27 279 35 36268 76 ref . The rapid advancement in our understanding of the mechanisms and regulation of autophagy has placed this process in the center of current research in major human disorders ref Autophagy in sickness and in health by Cuervo AM. in Trends Cell Biol. 2004 Feb 14 2 70 7. ref . The future challenge is to develop easy methods to separately manipulate the activity of each of the autophagic pathways. This would allow researchers to further understand their contribution to disease such as cancer , neurodegeneration , infectious disease , muscular disorders and possibly will provide therapeutic tools. See also Autophagy Apoptosis Ubiquitin References references Cysteine proteases Category EC 3.4.22 Category Posttranslational modificati ... more details
orphan date August 2010 Floppy trunk syndrome abbreviated FTS , also known as flaccid trunk paralysis is a condition that causes trunk paralysis in elephant s. The paralysis is caused by Neurodegeneration degeneration of peripheral nerves , which begins at the base of the trunk. ref name NS cite news url http www.newscientist.com article mg13618470.700 lead in lake blamed for floppy trunks .html title Lead in lake blamed for floppy trunks last Cole first Mary date 14 November 1992 publisher NewScientist accessdate 2009 06 25 ref FTS has been observed in the northwest of Zimbabwe , ref name NS the Satara area of Kruger National Park , and Forthergill in Lake Kariba . The condition interferes with the elephant s ability to drink and feed. ref cite news url http www.slate.com id 30038 title Touched by a Tabloid last Mendelsohn first Jennifer date 9 June 1999 publisher Slate accessdate 2009 06 25 ref Research is being conducted to ascertain the cause of the illness. It is suspected to be a Neurotoxin toxin from the plant genera Boerhavia or Indigofera . ref name BMSE cite book last Fowler first Murray coauthors Mikota, Susan title Biology, Medicine, and Surgery of Elephants editor Murray E. Fowler, Susan K. Mikota publisher Wiley, John & Sons, Incorporated date September 2006 pages 441 isbn 9780813806761 url http books.google.com books?id oCpiZA61tyQC&lpg RA1 PA441&ots 2IHdN9o39h&dq floppy 20trunk 20syndrome&pg RA1 PA441 ref Heliptrompium ovalifolium , a plant native to Nigeria , is speculated to be the cause. ref cite book last Schmelzer first G. H title Medicinal plants publisher Plant Resources of Tropical Africa pages 323 isbn 9057822040 url http books.google.com books?id 7FJqgQ3 tnUC&lpg PT323&ots QsLAtHX5J3&dq floppy 20trunk 20syndrome&pg PT323 v onepage&q &f false accessdate 12 November 2009 ref References reflist External links http www.wildcast.net 2008 11 15 floppy trunk video Floppy trunk syndrome video veterinary med stub Category Elephants Category Animal d ... more details
The European Biological Inorganic Chemistry Conference , or EUROBIC as it is most commonly called, is a biannual conference on Bioinorganic chemistry founded in 1992. The conference is held in Europe but attracts scientists from all over the world. EUROBIC was the result of a merger of the Swiss Italian SIMBIC conference and the French German SAMBAS conference. The aim is to create a forum and promote collaboration between scientists in the highly multidisciplinary field of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, ranging from biology to inorganic chemistry . EUROBIC usually span over five days and include around a hundred oral presentations and a few hundred poster presentations. Oral presentations are divided into plenary lectures 1 hour that are joint for the entire conference and parallel sessions including keynote lectures 30 min , session lectures 25 min and oral lectures 15 minutes . Since 1994 EUROBIC 2 , the European Medal for Bio Inorganic Chemistry , also called the EUROBIC award, is presented in conjunction with the conference, customary as part of the closing ceremony. EUROBIC Conferences to date 2010 EUROBIC 10 Thessaloniki, Greece 2008 EUROBIC 9 Wroclaw, Poland 2006 EUROBIC 8 Aveiro, Portugal 2004 EUROBIC 7 Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany 2002 EUROBIC 6 Lund, Sweden 2000 EUROBIC 5 Toulouse, France 1998 EUROBIC 4 Seville, Spain 1996 EUROBIC 3 Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands 1994 EUROBIC 2 Firenze, Italy 1992 EUROBIC 1 Newcastle, United Kingdom Topics covered Metals in Medicine Therapeutic and Diagnostic Agents Bioinspired Catalysis Biomimetic Systems Metal Trafficking Metals and Oxidative Stress Metals and Nucleic Acids Chemical and Biological Aspects Metal Based Environmental Chemistry Metal Related Diseases Metals and Neurodegeneration Computational Aspects and Metal Containing Molecules Chemical Bioinformatics Metals Light and Life Metalloproteins Structure Function Correlation in Metal Containing Biomolecules Bioinspired Coordination Chemistry Biopharmaceu ... more details
Orphan date July 2010 Primary sources date August 2010 The Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases Tanz CRND is a research institute at the University of Toronto , under the umbrella of the University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine Faculty of Medicine , with a focus on the spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases . The Tanz CRND has made a number of important contributions to research in neurodegenerative diseases, particularly on Alzheimer s disease. The association of late onset Alzheimer s disease with the Epsilon 4 allele of apolipoprotein E was co discovered there in conjunction with Duke University in a team led by Allen Roses. Two of the genes associated with most aggressive forms of Alzheimer s disease , namely presenilin 1 and presenilin 2 were discovered there. In addition, a robust model organism for the amyloid pathology of Alzheimer s disease was created there. The Tanz CRND have also contributed to knowledge about candidate therapies for Alzheimer s disease that are currently under investigation, including amyloid vaccines and scyllo inositol. The Tanz CRND was established in 1990 via philanthropic support from the Alzheimer Society of Ontario , a group of private individuals led by Drs. Mark Tanz and Lionel Schipper. The Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegeneration is currently located at the Tanz Neuroscience Building on the St. George campus of the University of Toronto. The founding director of the institute was Professor Donald Crapper McLachlan, and is currently directed by Professor Peter St George Hyslop . See also Alzheimer Society of Ontario References Reflist External links http crnd.med.utoronto.ca Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases Categories Coord 43.6604 N 79.3920 W display title DEFAULTSORT Centre For Research In Neurodegenerative Diseases Category Neuroscience research centers Category Medical research institutes Category Research institutes in Canada Category 1990 establishments in Canada Category Uni ... more details
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