of DNA replication, highlights neurogenesis in the subgranular zone of hippocampal dentate gyrus ... 2202 6 26 ref Neurogenesis birth of neuron s is the process by which neurons are generated from Neural stem cell neural stem and progenitor cells . Most active during pre natal development , neurogenesis is responsible for populating the growing brain with neurons. Recently neurogenesis was shown ..., have an influence on the rate of neurogenesis. Occurrence in adults File Doublecortin expression.png ... on neurogenesis in male versus female rats journal PLoS ONE volume 4 issue 1 pages e3675 year 2009 ... brain tissue. Adult neurogenesis is an example of a long held scientific theory being overturned ... and incapable of regeneration. The first evidence of adult mammalian neurogenesis in the cerebral ... of adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in 1963. ref cite pmid 14012334 ref ... pmid 7605059 ref finally put research on adult neurogenesis into a mainstream pursuit. Also in the early 1990s hippocampal neurogenesis was demonstrated in non human primates and humans. ref cite journal author Eriksson PS, Perfilieva E, Bj rk Eriksson T, et al. title Neurogenesis in the adult human ... 10.1038 3305 url ref ref cite pmid 10220454 ref More recently, neurogenesis in the cerebellum of adult ... Elizabeth Gould have suggested that adult neurogenesis may also occur in regions within the brain not generally associated with neurogenesis including the neopallium neocortex . Others have questioned ... cells may be of glia glial origin . Role in learning The functional relevance of adult neurogenesis ... of adult neurogenesis journal Curr Opin Neurobiol. volume 14 issue 2 pages 186 91 year 2004 month ... adult neurogenesis is important for learning and memory . ref name G. Neves 2008 65 75 cite journal ... between increased neurogenesis and improved cognition have been suggested, including computational ... Becker S title A computational principle for hippocampal learning and neurogenesis journal Hippocampus ... more details
A ganglion mother cell , in neurogenesis , is the daughter cell biology cell of a neuroblast that divides only once. It gives rise to two neurons . They are responsible for maintaining transcription factor expression developmental biology stub Category Cell biology Category Developmental biology Category Drosophilidae Category Neurology ... more details
nervous system where neurogenesis continues after birth. The other structure that undergoes neurogenesis is the olfactory bulb . Therefore, it has been proposed that neurogenesis plays some ... Jungerman, Elodie, Laroche, Serge, and Rampan, Claire 2007 . Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis, Synaptic ... this proposal a group of rats with normal hippocampal neurogenesis control were subjected to a placement ... group of rats experimental were subjected to the same exercise but in this trial their neurogenesis ... indicate that neurogenesis in the hippocampus is important for memory and proper hippocampal ... neurogenesis in the hippocampus it would lead to the cognitive decline observed in patients who ... Injury and Neurogenesis, it has been proven that radiation does indeed decrease or arrest neurogenesis altogether in the hippocampus. This decrease in neurogenesis is due to apoptosis of the neurons ..., Michelle L., and Palmer, Theo 2003 . Radiation Injury and Neurogenesis. Current Opinion in Neurology ... possible to inhibit the apoptosis and reverse the effects of the arrested neurogenesis. Acute Ablation of Precursor Cells Recent studies have shown that there is a decrease in neurogenesis in the hippocampus after irradiation therapy. The decrease in neurogenesis is the result of a reduction ... cells from differentiating into neurons and result in decreased neurogenesis. To determine whether the precursor ... neurogenesis is still possible. Alterations in Hippocampus Microenvironment The microenvironment ... post radiation can lead to a decrease in neurogenesis. ref name source3 In addition studies mentioned ... R.., Palmer, Theo D., and Rola, Radoslaw 2003 . Extreme Sensitivity of Adult Neurogenesis to Low ... may produce a direct link to the decrease in neurogenesis post irradiation. Inflammatory Response Affects Neurogenesis Radiation therapy usually results in chronic inflammation and in the brain ... Restores Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis. Science . 302 5651 . 1760 1765. ref Some of what is released ... more details
A. Oomen, et al., 2009. The subgranular zone SGZ is a brain region in the hippocampus where adult neurogenesis occurs. It is one of the two major sites of adult neurogenesis in the brain, along with the subventricular ... in neurogenesis. Endothelial cells and blood vessels endothelium Endothelial cells , which line the blood vessels in the SGZ, are a critical component in the regulation of stem cell self renewal and neurogenesis ... endothelial growth factor VEGF that help induce both angiogenesis and neurogenesis. In fact, studies have shown that neurogenesis and angiogenesis share several common signal transduction signaling ... to regulate neurogenesis and angiogenesis. ref name Riquelme2008 Hippocampal neurogenesis The main function of the SGZ is to carry out hippocampal neurogenesis, the process by which new neurons ... standing beliefs, neurogenesis in the SGZ occurs not only during prenatal development but throughout adult life in most mammals, including humans. Regulation of neurogenesis The self renewal, fate ... factor NGF are also present in the SGZ and are presumed to affect neurogenesis,, though the exact ... are neurogenesis regulators, as well as classical neurotransmitters such as glutamate , GABA , dopamine , and serotonin . ref name Johnson2009 Neurogenesis in the SGZ is also affected by various environmental factors such as age and Stress biology stress . Age related decreases in the rate of neurogenesis ... inhibitor of neurogenesis in the SGZ is stress. Stressors such as sleep deprivation and psychosocial ... evidence that stress induced reductions in neurogenesis can be countered with antidepressants ... effect on neurogenesis, stimulating cell proliferation despite increased levels of glucocorticoids in circulation. Role in memory and learning There is a reciprocal relationship between neurogenesis ..., high rates of neurogenesis may increase memory abilities. For instance, the high rate of neurogenesis ... more work needs to be done to solidify the relationship between hippocampal neurogenesis and memory ... more details
By definition the neuroimmune system is composed of the immune system and those components of the nervous system that modulate immune response. In practice, the neuroimmune system also includes hormonal signals and cytokine s that participate in signalling between the immune and nervous systems. Structure See the article on the immune system for the structure the immune system. The key components of the nervous system that interact with the immune system are Hypothalamus Pituitary gland Vagus nerve The key components of the endocrine system that interact with the immune system are Adrenals Signals Hormonal signaling between the nervous system and immune system is provided by Corticosteroid s Cytokine signaling between the nervous system and immune system is provided by Opioids Overview of neuro immune interactions Cytokines regulate immune responses, possibly through activation of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal HPA axis. There is growing evidence that auto immune T cells are involved in neurogenesis. Studies have shown that during times of adaptive immune system response, hyppocampal neurogenesis is increased, and conversely that auto immune T cells and microglia are important for neurogenesis and so memory and learning in healthy adults http www.nature.com neuro journal v9 n2 abs nn1629.html . External links http jorgesantia.googlepages.com Online Resources in Neuroimmunomodulation, Psychoneuroimmunology See also immune system Immunology Neurology Psychoneuroimmunology Category Immune system ... more details
Retinoid receptor s are nuclear receptor s a class of protein s that bind to retinoid s. When bound to a retinoid, they act as transcription factor s, altering the gene expression expression of genes with corresponding response elements. Significant age related declines in the levels of retinoid receptors in the Prosencephalon forebrains of rats have been reversed by supplementation with the omega 3 fatty acid s eicosapentaenoic acid EPA and docosahexaenoic acid DHA , which can restore neurogenesis . ref cite journal author Dyall SC, Michael GJ, Michael Titus AT title Omega 3 fatty acids reverse age related decreases in nuclear receptors and increase neurogenesis in old rats journal JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH volume 88 issue 10 year 2010 pages 2091 2102 id pmid 20336774 ref Subtypes include Retinoic acid receptor s RARs Retinoid x receptor s RXRs References reflist Transcription factors DEFAULTSORT Retinoid Receptor Category Intracellular receptors es Receptor retinoide ... more details
Ronald S. Duman is a Professor of Psychiatry and Pharmacology Director, Division of Molecular Psychiatry and Abraham Ribicoff Research Facilities at Yale University . ref http www.med.yale.edu psych faculty duman.html Duman s Yale Faculty Website WebCite url http www.webcitation.org 5v40CvNzH date 2010 12 18 ref Education Duman received his Ph.D. in 1985 from the The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston . Career Ron Duman s research centers around the biological mechanisms behind antidepressant s. In his landmark 1995 paper, he discovered that antidepressants increase the gene expression of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor, or BDNF ref http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov entrez query.fcgi?db pubmed&cmd Retrieve&dopt AbstractPlus&list uids 7472505&query hl 2&itool pubmed DocSum First paper demonstrating the link between antidepressants and BDNF levels WebCite url http www.webcitation.org 5v40DWlZM date 2010 12 18 ref in the hippocampus . In a later paper he discovered that the downstream effect of BDNF is to increase neurogenesis or the formation of new neurons in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus . ref http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov entrez query.fcgi?db pubmed&cmd Retrieve&dopt AbstractPlus&list uids 11124987&query hl 2&itool pubmed DocSum Abstract of paper demonstrating that antidepressants increase neurogenesis WebCite url http www.webcitation.org 5v40ELbcd date 2010 12 18 ref The results of this work led him to formulate the hypothesis that Clinical depression depression is caused by a decrease in hippocampal neurogenesis caused by elevated cortisol levels. Notes references Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Duman, Ronald ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Duman, Ronald Category Year of birth missing living people Category Living people Category Yale School of Medicine faculty US med bio stub ... more details
of neurogenesis in adult rats ref Cite journal author Cameron HA, McKay RD title Adult neurogenesis ... bulb and cerebellum . ref Cite journal author Graziadei PP, Monti Graziadei GA title Neurogenesis ... PS, Perfilieva E, Bj rk Eriksson T, et al. title Neurogenesis in the adult human hippocampus ... gyrus is one of the few regions of the adult brain where neurogenesis i.e., the birth of new neurons takes place. Neurogenesis is thought to play a role in the formation of new memory memories . New ... blueberry extract to older rats for a short time frame increases neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus. This increased neurogenesis is associated with improved spatial memory, as seen through performance ... role in stress and depression. For instance, neurogenesis has been found to increase in response ..., Duman RS title Chronic antidepressant treatment increases neurogenesis in adult rat hippocampus journal ... been shown to inhibit the process of neurogenesis in primates. ref Cite journal author Gould E, Tanapat ... B, Praag H, Gage F title Adult brain neurogenesis and psychiatry a novel theory of depression journal ... implying that neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus may play an important role in modulating symptoms of stress and depression. Other Some evidence suggests neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus increases ... and neurogenesis in the adult mouse dentate gyrus. Nature Neuroscience 2, 266 270. ref . Several experiments have shown neurogenesis the development of nerve tissues often increases in the dentate gyrus ... and neurogenesis in the adult mouse dentate gyrus. Nature Neuroscience 2, 266 270. Reflist 2 Gilberto ... and Bayer s work on dentate gyrus development and adult neurogenesis Hippocampal formation Cerebral ... more details
Peter Eriksson June 5, 1959 &ndash August 2, 2007 ref name GP http www.gp.se gp jsp Crosslink.jsp?d 113&a 361471 G teborgs Posten , Worldknown neuroscientist dead Swedish ref was a Sweden Swedish stem cell neuroscientist. Eriksson was a frequently cited scientist who made ground breaking research on the neurogenesis in hippocampus in the adult human brain . He showed that new brain cells are created throughout the whole human lifespan, and that the integration of the new brain cells to the brain depended on the stimuli that the environment offered, thus offering an insight that could enhance the treatment of neuro damaged patients. He also showed the mechanism for neurogenesis, giving hope for a future cure to a range of neurological diseases, including Alzheimer s disease . References Reflist Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Eriksson, Peter ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH June 5, 1959 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH August 2, 2007 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Eriksson, Peter Category 1959 births Category 2007 deaths Category Swedish neuroscientists Category University of Gothenburg faculty Sweden scientist stub Biologist stub no Peter Eriksson medisinsk forsker pl Peter Eriksson sv Peter Eriksson medicinsk forskare ... more details
neurogenesis in the adult primate neocortex . Gould and the researchers reported new neurons ... as neurogenesis was entrenched dogma at that time. The research was exciting because stress ... 2011 Uncovering earlier work in neurogenesis Confused by this anomaly, Gould assumed she must have ..., and quickly forgotten. As a result, the field of neurogenesis had died before it could get started ... Rakic Rakic s doctrine which denied the possibility of neurogenesis. Kaplan is reported as remembering ... had abandoned his work in neurogenesis. Confronting Rakic s data Gould spent the next eight years quantifying endless numbers of radioactive rat hippocampus hippocampii in pursuit of neurogenesis ... began documenting neurogenesis in primates , confronting Rakic s data directly. She demonstrated that adult ... . By 1999, Rakic admitted that neurogenesis was real. To that end he published a paper in the http ... dependent mechanism. Experience dependent changes in neurogenesis br Gould s research has shown that exposure ... work on neurogenesis. ref cite web url http www.thersa.org fellowship journal archive spring 2009 ... Vol. 286. no. 5439, pp. 548 52 Neurogenesis in the Neocortex of Adult Primates, Elizabeth Gould, Alison ... more details
skepticism surrounding the novel concept of adult neurogenesis limited further development ... the initial observations using the electron microscope and added substantial confidence that neurogenesis ... neurogenesis in adult mammals. In addition, the concept that there may be brain stem cells that could ... because there was no evidence of neurogenesis in primates. Publications Kaplan, Michael S, Zonisamide ..., 2004 5 supp1 75. Kaplan, MS, Environmental Complexity Stimulates Visual Cortex Neurogenesis Death ... of DNA Labeled Precursors, Journal fur Hirnforshcung, 24 23 33, 1983. Kaplan, MS, Neurogenesis ... in the Adult Mammalian Brain, Thesis, May 1979. Kaplan, MS & JW Hinds, Neurogenesis in the Adult ... Neurogenesis death of a dogma and a research career http www.michaelspecter.com ny 2001 2001 07 ... more details
Neurochemistry is the specific study of neurochemical s, which include neurotransmitter s and other molecules such as neuro active drugs that influence neuron function. This principle closely examines the manner in which these neurochemicals influence the network of neural operation. This evolving area of neuroscience offers a neurochemist a micro macro connection between the analysis of organic compound s active in the nervous system and neural processes such as cortical plasticity , neurogenesis and Neural development neural differentiation . History The founding of neurochemistry as a discipline traces it origins to a series of International Neurochemical Symposia , of which the first symposium volume published in 1954 was titled Biochemistry of the Developing Nervous System . ref cite book last Siegel first George J. coauthors Albers, R.W., Brady, S.T., Price, D.L. title Basic Neurochemistry, 7th Ed. publisher Academic Press year 2006 isbn 0 12 088397 X ref These meetings led to the formation of the International Society for Neurochemistry and the American Society for Neurochemistry . These early gatherings discussed the tentative nature of possible neurotransmitter substances such as acetylcholine , histamine , substance P , and serotonin . By 1972, ideas were more concrete. Neurochemicals such as norepinephrine , dopamine , and serotonin were classified as putative neurotransmitters in certain neuronal tracts in the brain. See also Neuromodulation Neuroendocrinology Neuroplasticity or Synaptic plasticity Neuroimmunology Neurogenesis Molecular neuroscience Molecular and Cell biology Cellular neuroscience References references External links http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov 80 books bv.fcgi?call bv.View..ShowTOC&rid bnchm.TOC Basic Neurochemistry online, searchable textbook. http www.asneurochem.org American Society for Neurochemistry Neuroscience Category Neurochemistry Category Biochemistry Category Neuroscience biochemistry stub ar bn ca Ne ... more details
NOTOC Expand Catalan Joseph Altman date April 2012 Joseph Altman is an USA American biologist who has worked in the field of neurobiology . Altan discovered adult neurogenesis , the creation of new neuron s in the adult brain, in the 1960s. ref J. Altman & G. Das, Postnatal Neurogenesis in the Guinea pig , Nature journal Nature , 214, 1098 1101 10 June 1967 . doi 10.1038 2141098a0 ref As an independent investigator at MIT , his results were largely ignored. fact date January 2012 In the late 1990s, the fact that the brain can create new neurons even into adulthood was rediscovered, leading it to be one of the hottest fields in neuroscience . Joseph Altman continued his career at Purdue University , where he wrote several articles and books on cerebellar development. fact date January 2012 He is now retired. Awards 2011 Prince of Asturias Award for Technical and Scientific Research. fact date January 2012 See also Andr Gernez Stem cell Cerebellum References reflist External links http neurondevelopment.org Neuron Development Joseph Altman s research AcademicSearch 11099868 Use dmy dates date January 2011 Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Altman, Joseph ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION Neurobiologist DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH USA DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Altman, Joseph Category Year of birth missing living people Category Living people Category American biologists Category American neuroscientists Category Neuroscientists Category Massachusetts Institute of Technology people Category Purdue University people Category Indiana University people Biologist stub US scientist stub ca Joseph Altman es Joseph Altman fr Joseph Altman pt Joseph Altman sv Joseph Altman ... more details
Chembox verifiedrevid 437094390 ImageFile CTN 986.png ImageSize 200px IUPACName OtherNames 3 O small D small apiose apio small D small furanosyl 1 2 O 6 deoxy small L small mannose mannopyranosyl 1 6 small D small glucose glucopyranosyl oxy 2 3,4 dihydroxyphenyl 5,7 dihydroxy 4 H 1 benzopyran 4 one br Quercetin nowiki 3 O b d apiofuranosyl 1 2 a l rhamnopyranosyl 1 6 b d glucopyranoside nowiki Section1 Chembox Identifiers CASNo 63947 67 1 PubChem SMILES OC1 CC O C C C O C H 2 C H O C 3 H C H O C O CO CO3 C H O C H O C H CO C H 4 C H O C H O C H O C H C O4 O2 C C5 CC C O C O C5 O6 O C6 C1 Section2 Chembox Properties C 32 H 38 O 20 ExactMass 742.195642 u Appearance Density MeltingPt BoilingPt Solubility Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition CTN 986 is a quercetin derivative found in cottonseed s and cottonseed oil . It has antidepressant properties and has been shown to stimulate neurogenesis in the hippocampus . ref name pmid19374877 cite journal author Zhang LM, Zhang YZ, Liu YQ, Gong ZH, Zhao YM, Li YF. title CTN 986, a compound extracted from cottonseeds, increases cell proliferation in hippocampus in vivo and in cultured neural progenitor cells in vitro journal Eur J Pharmacol. year 2009 pmid 19374877 doi 10.1016 j.ejphar.2008.12.052 ref The neurogenesis appears to be mediated by activation of the 5 HT1A 5 HT sub 1A sub receptor biochemistry receptor . ref name pmid19374877 Co administration with the 5 HT sub 1A sub antagonist WAY 100,635 abolished the effect. ref name pmid19374877 References Reflist Flavonol Antidepressants Category Quercetin glycosides Nervous system drug stub ... more details
File Lissencephaly.png thumb Brain MRI, T1 weigthed on a transversal plane, of a 8 month old boy with lissencephaly. Note the scarce and wide gyri, mostly on the parietal, temporal and occipital lobes, the absence of a true Sylvian cissure, and the augmented thickness of the gray matter. The boy had a severe developmental delay and seizures. Neuronal migration disorder refers to a heterogenous group of disorders that, it is supposed, share the same etiopathological mechanism a variable degree of disruption in the migration of neuroblast s during neurogenesis. ref cite book last Sarnat first Harvey title Cerebral dysgenesis, embryology and clinical expression year 1992 publisher Oxford University Press location New York, US isbn 0 19 506442 9 ref The neuronal migration disorders are cerebral dysgenesis , brain malformations caused by primary alterations during neurogenesis on the other hand, brain malformation s are highly diverse and refer to any insult to the brain during its formation and maturation due to intrinsic or extrinsic causes that ultimately will alter the normal brain anatomy. However, there is some controversy in the terminology because virtually any malformation will involve neuroblast migration, either primarily or secondarily. Some specific disorders considered as alterations in neuronal migration are lissencephaly , schizencephaly , pachygyria , polymicrogyria and focal cortical dysplasia , while the Miller Dieker syndrome , muscle brain eye syndrome , Fukuyama congenital muscular dystrophy and Walker Warburg syndrome are genetic disorders associated with this malformations. ref cite journal last Spalice first Alberto coauthors Pasquale, P Francesco, N title Neuronal migration disorders clinical, neuroradiologic and genetic aspects journal Acta Paediatrica year 2009 volume 98 pages 421 433 ref References references Category Neurological disorders ... more details
glial cell. ref name Gotz clear Adult neurogenesis Genesis of neuroepithelial cells in the adult .... ref name Clarke cite doi 10.1038 sj.bmt.1703937 ref On a whole, neurogenesis is regulated both by many ... 10.1111 j.1460 9568.2011.07599.x ref Neurogenesis in neural repair Neurogenesis in the adult brain is often ... , and Parkinson s disease . While adult neurogenesis is up regulated in the hippocampus in patients ... olfactory abilities as well as decreased cognitive activity in the hippocampus, areas specific to neurogenesis ... Zacharias Kohl, Fred H. Gage title Neurodegenerative disease and adult neurogenesis journal European ... url http www.culturacientifica.org textosudc neurogenesis neurodegen adult neurogenesis.pdf accessdate 2011 11 28 ref Neuroplasticity is associated with neurogenesis in a complementary fashion. The new ... of depression, stress, also influences neurogenesis. This connection led researches to postulate that depression could be the result of changes in levels of neurogenesis in the adult brain, specifically in the dentate gyrus . Studies indicate that stress affects neurogenesis by increasing Glucocorticoids ... stress in lab animals, which resulted in decreased levels of neurogenesis. Additionally, modern therapies that treat depression also promote neurogenesis. Ongoing research is looking to further ... title Adult brain neurogenesis and psychiatry a novel theory of depression journal Molecular Psychiatry ... more details
199808 36 2 267 AID NEU12 3.0.CO 2 B title Adult neurogenesis From canaries to the clinic journal Journal ... url format accessdate ref . References Reflist See also Neurogenesis Neuroscience Category Neuroscience ... more details
behaviors of neural stem and progenitor cells underlie cortical neurogenesis journal Journal ... properties constitute the majority of precursors during neurogenesis . Indeed, all radial glial cells divide throughout neurogenesis and give rise to the majority of projection neuron s in the cerebral ... journal author Mo Z, Zecevic N title Is Pax6 critical for neurogenesis in the human fetal brain? journal ... 20to 20radial 20glia ref See also Bergmann glia Glia Gliogenesis Muller glia Neurogenesis ventricular ... more details
of neurogenesis and self renewing neurons in the adult brain , ref Lim, D.A., Alvarez Buylla, A., 1999. Interaction between astrocytes and adult subventricular zone precursors stimulates neurogenesis ... of adult neurogenesis . It harbors the largest population of proliferating cells in the adult brain ... a neuronal stem cell, but also as a supporting cell that promotes neurogenesis through interaction ... cells that interact cooperatively with neuronal stem cells to promote neurogenesis in vitro ... and private sectors. Such research interests range from the role of the SVZ in neurogenesis , directed ... s hypothesis in that neurogenesis would be stimulated through introduction of such a peptide . As NPY ... dopamine , GABA and glutamate parameters to regulate neurogenesis in the subventricular zone ... zone neural stem cell proliferation. This natural molecular regulation of adult neurogenesis ..., the existence of microglia and endothelial cells within the SVZ was found to enhance neurogenesis ... applications Given the understanding of the SVZ as a region of neurogenesis for neuronal stem ... those in need of brain cell replacement. See also Brain Neuroscience Neurogenesis References ... more details
protein Name GLIS family zinc finger 2 caption image width HGNCid 29450 Symbol GLIS2 AltSymbols NPHP7 EntrezGene 84662 OMIM 608539 RefSeq NM 032575 UniProt Q9BZE0 PDB ECnumber Chromosome 16 Arm p Band 13.3 LocusSupplementaryData GLIS family zinc finger 2 also known as GLIS2 is a human gene . ref name pmid11738817 cite journal author Zhang F, Jetten AM title Genomic structure of the gene encoding the human GLI related, Kr ppel like zinc finger protein GLIS2 journal Gene volume 280 issue 1 2 pages 49 57 year 2001 month December pmid 11738817 doi 10.1016 S0378 1119 01 00764 8 url issn ref ref name pmid11741991 cite journal author Zhang F, Nakanishi G, Kurebayashi S, Yoshino K, Perantoni A, Kim YS, Jetten AM title Characterization of Glis2, a novel gene encoding a Gli related, Kr ppel like transcription factor with transactivation and repressor functions. Roles in kidney development and neurogenesis journal The Journal of biological chemistry volume 277 issue 12 pages 10139 49 year 2002 month March pmid 11741991 doi 10.1074 jbc.M108062200 url issn ref Function The protein encoded by this gene is a Kruppel like factors Kruppel like transcription factor which functions depending on the gene and promoter context as an activator or repressor of transcription genetics gene transcription . ref name pmid11741991 GLIS2 plays a role in kidney development and neurogenesis . ref name pmid11741991 Glis2 knockout mice display decreased size and weight. The kidneys in these mice show progressive kidney atrophy and display symptoms similar to human nephronophthisis . Glis2 plays an essential role in the maintenance of renal tissue through prevention of apoptosis and fibrosis . ref name pmid17618285 cite journal author AAttanasio M, Uhlenhaut NH, Sousa VH, O Toole JF, Otto E, Anlag K, Klugmann C, Treier AC, Helou J, Sayer JA, Seelow D, N rnberg G, Becker C, Chudley AE, N rnberg P, Hildebrandt F, Treier M title Loss of GLIS2 causes nephronophthisis in humans and mice by increased apopto ... more details
been implicated in inhibiting axonal regeneration and neurogenesis after central nervous system ... neurogenesis. Regulating CSPGs Inhibition of EGFR inhibits CSPGs Epidermal growth factor receptor ..., neurogenesis occurred, with significantly longer and many more neurons forming than seen with EGFR active. ref name Vuk When EGFR is active, CSPG functioned normally, restricting neurogenesis. ref ... The CSPG inhibition of axon regrowth and neurogenesis post spinal cord injury has been shown to be associated ... of the ROCK signaling pathway, researchers showed that neurogenesis and new neuron length both ... pmid 12691734 ref Neurogenesis was greatly improved, but not quantifiable. Deactivating the ROCK pathway ... of neurogenesis inhibition is mediated through the ROCK pathway. CSPGs in disease Chondroitin sulfate ... more details
other people Jos Campos Infobox scientist name Jos Antonio Campos Ortega image Replace this image male.svg image size 150px caption Jos Antonio Campos Ortega birth date Spain birth place 1940 death date death place 2004 residence citizenship nationality Germany German ethnicity field Neurobiology work institutions alma mater doctoral advisor doctoral students known for author abbrev bot author abbrev zoo influences influenced prizes religion footnotes signature Jos Antonio Campos Ortega 1940 2004 was a Germans German Neurobiology neurobiologist born in Valencia Spain . He was known as a pioneer of developmental genetic studies of early neurogenesis . References cite journal quotes yes last Marco first Roberto authorlink year 2006 month Apr. title The scientific roots of Jos A. Campos Ortega, a German neurobiologist born in Spain journal Dev. Dyn. volume 235 issue 4 pages 855 60 publisher location United States issn 1058 8388 pmid 16496283 doi 10.1002 dvdy.20700 bibcode oclc id url language format accessdate laysummary laysource laydate quote cite journal quotes yes last Hartenstein first Volker authorlink year 2006 month Jul. title Genetic analysis of early neurogenesis dedicated to the scientific contributions of Jose A. Campos Ortega 1940 2004 journal Dev. Dyn. volume 235 issue 7 pages 2003 8 publisher location United States issn 1058 8388 pmid 16649185 doi 10.1002 dvdy.20810 bibcode oclc id url language format accessdate laysummary laysource laydate quote cite journal quotes yes last Knust first Elisabeth authorlink coauthors Hertel Rainer year 2009 month title Jos Antonio Campos Ortega 1940 2004 and his scientific work a personal perspective journal Int. J. Dev. Biol. volume 53 issue 8 10 pages 1193 203 publisher location Spain issn pmid 19757396 doi 10.1387 ijdb.072480ek bibcode oclc id url language format accessdate laysummary laysource laydate quote cite journal quotes yes last Rodrigues first Veronica authorlink year 2005 month Aug. title Prescience an ... more details
PBB geneid 347689 SOX2 overlapping transcript SOX2OT is a long non coding RNA , containing at least 5 exons . The SOX2 gene, an important regulator of neurogenesis , lies within one of the introns of SOX2OT. ref name pmid12612584 cite journal author Fantes J, Ragge NK, Lynch SA, et al. title Mutations in SOX2 cause anophthalmia journal Nat. Genet. volume 33 issue 4 pages 461 3 year 2003 month April pmid 12612584 doi 10.1038 ng1120 url ref SOX2OT and SOX2DOT an isoform of SOXOT transcribed from a distal highly conserved element are expressed in zones of neurogenesis within the brain. It is associated with central nervous system structures in zebrafish and chicken embryonic brains, and is dynamically regulated during embryogenesis . ref name pmid19767420 cite journal author Amaral PP, Neyt C, Wilkins SJ, et al. title Complex architecture and regulated expression of the Sox2ot locus during vertebrate development journal RNA volume 15 issue 11 pages 2013 27 year 2009 month November pmid 19767420 pmc 2764477 doi 10.1261 rna.1705309 url ref SOX2OT may play a role in vertebrate development. ref name pmid19767420 See also Long noncoding RNA References reflist 2 Further reading refbegin 2 cite journal author Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. title Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full length human and mouse cDNA sequences. journal Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. volume 99 issue 26 pages 16899 903 year 2002 pmid 12477932 doi 10.1073 pnas.242603899 pmc 139241 cite journal author Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, et al. title Diversification of transcriptional modulation large scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes. journal Genome Res. volume 16 issue 1 pages 55 65 year 2006 pmid 16344560 doi 10.1101 gr.4039406 pmc 1356129 cite journal author Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. title Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full length human cDNAs. journal Nat. Genet. volume 36 issue 1 pa ... more details
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