Infobox Disease Name Neuromyotonia Image Caption DiseasesDB 31818 ICD10 ICD10 G 71 1 g 70 ICD9 ICD9 333.90 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D020386 Neuromyotonia NMT , also known as Isaacs syndrome , is a form of peripheral nerve hyperexcitability that causes spontaneous muscle muscular activity resulting from repetitive motor unit action potentials of peripheral origin. Causes The three causes of NMT are 1 Acquired 2 Paraneoplastic 3 Hereditary The acquired form is the most common accounting for up to 80 percent of all cases and is suspected to be autoimmune mediated, which is usually caused by antibody antibodies against neuromuscular junction. The exact cause is unknown ... in some of these diseases but not all. Neuromyotonia is considered to be one of these with accumulating evidence for autoimmune disorder autoimmune origin over the last few years. Autoimmune neuromyotonia ... symptoms before the age of 40. ref name NINDS Some neuromyotonia cases do not only improve ... against voltage gated potassium channel s. ref cite journal author Maddison P title Neuromyotonia ..., ANA ESR, EEG etc. Neuromyotonia is characterized electromyographically by doublet, triplet or multiplet ... author Newsom Davis J, Mills KR. title Immunological associations of acquired neuromyotonia Isaacs ... of NMT. In some rare cases, acquired neuromyotonia has been misdiagnosed as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ... neuromuscular specialist. Peripheral Nerve Hyperexcitability Neuromyotonia is a type of peripheral ... Benign Fasciculation Syndrome , Cramp Fasciculation Syndrome , and neuromyotonia. Some doctors will only ... cgi reprint 125 8 1887.pdf Treatments There is no known cure for neuromyotonia ... provide significant relief from the stiffness, muscle spasms, and pain associated with neuromyotonia ... of the underlying issues of hyper excitability in autoimmune neuromyotonia. ref name Arimura cite journal ... Neuromyotonie pl Zesp Isaacsa Mertensa fi Neuromyotonia ... more details
Ian Kirkland Hart Royal College of Physicians FRCP 14 February 1958 10 November 2008 was a lecturer and consultant in neurology at The Walton Centre in Liverpool . ref name RCP cite web url http munksroll.rcplondon.ac.uk Biography Details 6069 title Munk s Roll Ian Kirkland Hart first Nicholas last Fletcher publisher Royal College of Physicians accessdate 14 August 2011 ref He ran a clinic for neurological paraneoplastic syndrome s, myasthenia gravis , neuromyotonia , Lambert Eaton myasthenic syndrome , and autoimmune encephalitis . He was also the founder member of the Walton Centre Clinical Neuroimmunology Group researching on autoantibody associated neurological diseases. Hart was born in Cathcart , Glasgow, and obtained degrees from the University of Glasgow and the University of London . He was senior lecturer in neurology at the University of Liverpool . ref name RCP Bibliography cite journal author Hart, I. K. Waters, C. Vincent, A. Newland, C. Beeson, D. Pongs, O. Morris, C. Newsom Davis, J. title Autoantibodies Detected to Expressed K Channels are Implicated in Neuromyotonia year 1997 journal Annals of Neurology volume 41 issue 2 pages 238 246 pmid 9029073 doi 10.1002 ana.410410215 cite journal author Hart, I. K. Maddison, P. Newsom Davis, J. Vincent, A. Mills, K. R. title Phenotypic Variants of Autoimmune Peripheral Nerve Hyperexcitability year 2002 journal Brain volume 125 issue 8 pages 1887 1895 pmid 12135978 url http brain.oxfordjournals.org content 125 8 1887.long doi 10.1093 brain awf178 References Reflist Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Hart, Ian K. ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 14 February 1958 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 10 November 2008 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Hart, Ian K. Category British neurologists Category 1958 births Category 2008 deaths Category Academics of the University of Liverpool Category Fellows of the Royal College of Physicians Category Alumni of the University of Glasgow Category Alumni ... more details
Angela Vincent born 1942 is a professor at Somerville College, Oxford Somerville College of University of Oxford Oxford University . She is the head of a research group, which is located in the Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine and working on a wide range of biology biological disciplines encompassing molecular biology , biochemistry , cellular immunology and intracellular neurophysiology . The group s research is focused on autoimmune and genetic disorder s of the neuromuscular junction and peripheral motor nerves. The principal autoimmune diseases studied are myasthenia gravis , the Lambert Eaton myasthenic syndrome and acquired neuromyotonia . Her contributions are mainly on the roles of antibodies directed against ion channel at the nerve muscle junction in the pathogenesis of above mentioned diseases. She has demonstrated that transfer of these antibody antibodies across the placenta from the pregnant woman to the fetus in utero can cause developmental abnormalities. She has also worked on the principal gene mutation s causing neuromuscular diseases. In 2009 she presented the Leslie Oliver Oration at Queen s Hospital . ref http www.bhrhospitals.nhs.uk neuro neuro4ha.php?id 1034 The Second Leslie Oliver Oration ref References Reflist 2 External links http www.neuroscience.ox.ac.uk directory angela vincent Angela Vincent Neuroscience http www.imm.ox.ac.uk pages research neurosciences vincent.htm WIMM Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Vincent, Angela ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1942 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Vincent, Angela Category 1942 births Category Living people Category British biologists Category English neuroscientists Category Fellows of Somerville College, Oxford ... more details
Cramp fasciculation syndrome CFS is a rare ref cite journal last1 Jansen first1 P. H. P. last2 Dijck first2 J. A. A. M. last3 Verbeek first3 A. L. M. last4 Durian first4 F. W. last5 Joosten first5 E. M. G. title Estimation of the frequency of the muscular pain fasciculation syndrome and the muscular cramp fasciculation syndrome in the adult population journal European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience volume 241 issue 2 pages 102 4 year 1991 pmid 1834178 doi 10.1007 BF02191150 ref peripheral nerve hyperexcitability disorder. It is more severe than the related and common disorder known as benign fasciculation syndrome it causes fasciculation s, cramps, pain, fatigue, and muscle stiffness similar to those seen in neuromyotonia another related condition . ref cite book first1 Allan H. last1 Ropper first2 Robert H. last2 Brown year 2005 chapter Disorders of Muscle Characterized by Cramp, Spasm, Pain, and Localized Masses title Adams and Victor s Principles of Neurology edition 8th publisher McGraw Hill location New York pages 1277 8 isbn 978 0 07 141620 7 ref Patients with CFS, like those with neuromyotonia, may also experience paresthesia s. ref cite journal first1 Ian K. last1 Hart author link Ian Hart neurologist first2 Paul last2 Maddison first3 John last3 Newsom Davis first4 Angela last4 Vincent first5 Kerry R. last5 Mills title Phenotypic variants of autoimmune peripheral nerve hyperexcitability journal Brain volume 125 issue 8 pages 1887 95 year 2002 pmid 12135978 doi 10.1093 brain awf178 ref Most cases of cramp fasciculation syndrome are idiopathic . ref cite journal last1 Lagueny first1 A title Cramp fasciculation syndrome journal Revue neurologique volume 161 issue 12 Pt 1 pages 1260 6 year 2005 pmid 16340924 ref Cramp fasciculation syndrome is diagnosed by clinical examination and electromyography EMG . ref Washington University in St. Louis, Neuromuscular Cramp Fasciculation Syndromes, http neuromuscular.wustl.edu mother activity.html crampfas ... more details
NeuromyotoniaNeuromyotonia refers to muscle twitching and cramping at rest that is exacerbated with exercise ... of neuromyotonia. Electromyography EMG discloses spontaneous, repetitive motor unit or single fiber ... neuromyotonia has been described previously, and this highlights that, in patients with unexplained ... antibody negative neuromyotonia. ref name clinical It is believed that antibodies to the Shaker type ... neuromyotonia and Morvan s Syndrome. ref cite journal title Neuromyotonia and limbic encephalitis ... more details
citations missing date December 2011 Infobox disease Name Myokymia Image Caption DiseasesDB 31530 ICD10 ICD9 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj neuro eMedicineTopic 235 MeshID D020385 Myokymia , is an involuntary, spontaneous, localised quivering of a few muscles bundles within a muscle, but which are insufficient to move a joint . One type is superior oblique myokymia . Myokymia is commonly used to describe an involuntary eyelid muscle contraction, typically involving the lower eyelid or less often the upper eyelid. It occurs in normal individuals and typically starts and disappears spontaneously. However, it can sometimes last up to three weeks. Since the condition typically resolves itself, medical professionals do not consider it to be serious or a cause for concern. In contrast, Facial myokymia is a fine rippling of muscles on one side of the face and may reflect an underlying tumor in the brainstem typically a brainstem glioma , demyelinating disease loss of myelin in the brainstem associated with multiple sclerosis or in the recovery stage of Guillain Barr syndrome , an inflammatory polyneuropathy that may affect the facial nerve . Citation needed date August 2010 Myokymia in otherwise unrelated body parts may occur in neuromyotonia . Causes Frequent contributing factors include too much caffeine, high levels of anxiety, fatigue, stress, overwork, overexposure to computer television monitors, and a lack of sleep. Use of certain drugs or alcohol may also be factors. ref name ET cite web title EyeTwitching.net Myokymia Causes year 2010 url http eyetwitching.net eye twitching causes accessdate 2010 10 22 ref Treatment Many doctors commonly recommend a combined treatment of a warm compress applied to the eyes to relieve muscle tension, relax the muscles, and reduce swelling a small dosage of antihistamine to reduce any swelling that may be caused by an allergic reaction increase bed rest to allow muscles to rest decrease exposure to computer screens, television ... more details
of potassium channelopathy severe neuromyotonia and skeletal deformities without prominent Episodic ... NIH UW entry on Episodic Ataxia Type 1,Episodic Ataxia with Myokymia, Hereditary Cerebellar Ataxia with Neuromyotonia ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Myopathy Image Caption DiseasesDB 8723 ICD10 ICD10 G 71 g 70 ICD10 G 72 g 70 , ICD10 M 60 m 60 ICD10 M 63 m 60 ICD9 ICD9 359.4 ICD9 359.9 , ICD9 728 ICD9 728 ICDO MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj emerg eMedicineTopic 328 MeshID D009135 In medicine , a myopathy is a muscular disease ref name urlMyopathy Definition from the Merriam Webster Online Dictionary cite web url http www.merriam webster.com dictionary Myopathy title Myopathy Definition from the Merriam Webster Online Dictionary format work accessdate ref in which the muscle fiber s do not function for any one of many reasons, resulting in muscular weakness . Myopathy simply means muscle disease myo Greek language Greek muscle pathos pathos pathy Greek language Greek suffering . This meaning implies that the primary defect is within the muscle, as opposed to the nerves neuropathies or neurogenic disorders or elsewhere e.g., the brain etc. . Muscle cramp s, stiffness , and spasm can also be associated with myopathy. Muscular disease can be classified as Neuromuscular disease neuromuscular or Musculoskeletal disorders musculoskeletal in nature. Some conditions, such as myositis , can be considered both neuromuscular and musculoskeletal. Classes There are many types of myopathy. ICD ICD 10 codes are provided here where available. Inherited forms G71.0 muscular dystrophies Dystrophies or muscular dystrophies are a subgroup of myopathies characterized by muscle degeneration and regeneration. Clinically, muscular dystrophies are typically progressive, because the muscles ability to regenerate is eventually lost, leading to progressive weakness, often leading to use of a wheelchair , and eventually death, usually related to respiratory weakness. G71.1 Myotonia Neuromyotonia G71.2 The congenital myopathy congenital myopathies do not show evidence for either a progressive dystrophic process i.e., muscle death or inflammation, but instead characteristic microscopic changes are seen in association with r ... more details
see also Twitch disambiguation Tremor SignSymptom infobox Name Fasciculation Image Caption DiseasesDB 18832 ICD10 ICD10 R 25 3 r 25 ICD9 ICD9 781.0 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus 003296 eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D005207 A fasciculation IPA en f s kj le n , or muscle twitch , is a small, local, involuntary muscle contraction and relaxation which may be visible under the skin or detected in deeper areas by EMG testing. They arise as a result of spontaneous depolarization of a lower motor neuron leading to the synchronous contraction of all of the skeletal muscle fibers within a single motor unit. Fasciculations can happen in any skeletal muscle in the body. Fasciculations have a variety of causes, the majority of which are benign , but can also be due to disease of the motor neurons. Fasciculations are commonly encountered in healthy people and are rarely bothersome. In some cases the presence of fasciculations can be annoying and interfere with quality of life. In such cases, where the remainder of the neurological exam is normal, and EMG testing does not indicate any additional pathology a diagnosis of benign fasciculation syndrome is usually made. ref name pmid8215252 cite journal author Blexrud MD, Windebank AJ, Daube JR title Long term follow up of 121 patients with benign fasciculations journal Ann. Neurol. volume 34 issue 4 pages 622 5 year 1993 pmid 8215252 doi 10.1002 ana.410340419 ref Risk factors original research date December 2011 Pathological conditions Neuromyotonia , also known as Isaacs syndrome Diseases of the lower motor neuron including Poliomyelitis, Spinomuscular atrophy or SMA group of diseases including Werdnig Hoffman disease , Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ALS , Kennedy disease Organophosphate poisoning e.g. insecticide s or use of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors commonly used in Myasthenia Gravis Benzodiazepine withdrawal Magnesium deficiency medicine Magnesium deficiency Myalgic Encephalomyelitis Rabies The most effective way to detect ... more details
Infobox scientist name John Newsom Davis image image size caption birth date birth date 1932 10 18 df y birth place Harpenden , Hertfordshire death date death date and age 2007 8 24 1932 10 18 df y death place Adjud , Romania residence England citizenship United Kingdom British nationality United Kingdom British field Neurology work institutions National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery National Hospital br Royal Free Hospital br Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University Cornell Medical Center 1969 70 br University of Oxford Oxford University 1987 98 alma mater Pembroke College, Cambridge doctoral advisor doctoral students known for influences Michael Kramer influenced Angela Vincent prizes Queen Square Prize in Neurology br Royal College of Physicians RCP Jean Hunter Prize br Ellison Cliffe Lecture & Medal br Royal College of Physicians RCP Moxon Medal br ABN Medal ref name ABN religion footnotes John Michael Newsom Davis Order of the British Empire CBE , Royal College of Physicians FRCP , Fellow of the Royal Society FRS , Academy of Medical Sciences FMedSci 18 October 1932 &ndash 24 August 2007 was a Neurology neurologist who played an important role in the discovery of the causes of, and treatments for, Myasthenia gravis , and of other diseases of the Neuromuscular junction nerve muscle junction , notably Lambert Eaton myasthenic syndrome and acquired neuromyotonia . ref name obit I cite news last Vincent first Angela authorlink Angela Vincent title Professor John Newsom Davis url http news.independent.co.uk people obituaries article2973568.ece publisher The Independent page 34 date 18 September 2007 accessdate 2007 09 18 obituary ref Regarded as one of the most distinguished clinical neurologists and medical scientists of his generation, ref name obit G cite news last Weatherall first David authorlink David Weatherall title John Newsom Davis Neurologist whose work had wide implications in biology and medicine url http www.guardian.co.uk obituari ... more details
ataxia with neuromyotonia and Isaacs Mertens syndrome. Onset of EA1 occurs during early childhood ... Ataxia with Neuromyotonia http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov bookshelf br.fcgi?book gene&part ea2 GeneReviews ... more details
Drugbox verifiedrevid 451682337 IUPAC name 5 H dibenzo b , f azepine 5 carboxamide image Carbamazepine Structural Formulae.png width 250 image2 Carbamazepine 3D.png width2 220 Clinical data tradename Tegretol Drugs.com drugs.com monograph carbamazepine MedlinePlus a682237 pregnancy US D legal UK POM legal US Rx only routes of administration Oral Pharmacokinetic data bioavailability 80 protein bound 76 metabolism Liver Hepatic by CYP3A4 , to active epoxide form carbamazepine 10,11 epoxide elimination half life 25 65 hours after several doses 12 17 hours excretion 2 3 excreted unchanged in urine Identifiers CASNo Ref cascite correct CAS CAS number Ref cascite correct ?? CAS number 298 46 4 CAS supplemental CAS 85756 57 6 ATC prefix N03 ATC suffix AF01 ChEBI Ref ebicite correct EBI ChEBI 3387 PubChem 2554 DrugBank Ref drugbankcite correct drugbank DrugBank DB00564 ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 2457 UNII Ref fdacite correct FDA UNII 33CM23913M KEGG Ref keggcite correct kegg KEGG D00252 ChEMBL Ref ebicite correct EBI ChEMBL 108 Chemical data C 15 H 12 N 2 O 1 molecular weight 236.269 g mol smiles c1ccc2c c1 C Cc3ccccc3N2C O N InChI 1 C15H12N2O c16 15 18 17 13 7 3 1 5 11 13 9 10 12 6 2 4 8 14 12 17 h1 10H, H2,16,18 StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C15H12N2O c16 15 18 17 13 7 3 1 5 11 13 9 10 12 6 2 4 8 14 12 17 h1 10H, H2,16,18 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey FFGPTBGBLSHEPO UHFFFAOYSA N Carbamazepine CBZ is an anticonvulsant and mood stabilizer mood stabilizing drug used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder , as well as trigeminal neuralgia . It is also used off label use off label for a variety of indications, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD , schizophrenia , phantom limb syndrome, complex regional pain syndrome , paroxysmal extreme pain disorder , neuromyotonia , intermittent explosive disorder , borderline personality disorder and po ... more details
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