Other uses Infobox particle name Neutrino Antineutrino image File FirstNeutrinoEventAnnotated.jpg 280px caption The first use of a hydrogen bubble chamber to detect neutrinos, on November 13, 1970. A neutrino ... on the right of the photograph. num types 3 electron neutrino, muon neutrino and tau neutrino composition ... identical to the neutrino see Majorana fermion . theorized SubatomicParticle Electron neutrino Electron neutrino Wolfgang Pauli 1930 br SubatomicParticle Muon neutrino Muon neutrino Late 1940s SubatomicParticle Tau neutrino Tau neutrino Mid 1970s discovered SubatomicParticle Electron neutrino Clyde Cowan , Frederick Reines 1956 br SubatomicParticle Muon neutrino Leon Lederman , Melvin Schwartz and Jack Steinberger 1962 br SubatomicParticle Tau neutrino DONUT DONUT collaboration 2000 symbol SubatomicParticle Electron neutrino , SubatomicParticle Muon neutrino , SubatomicParticle Tau neutrino ... B L 1 A neutrino IPAc en icon n ju t r i n o IPA it neu tri no is an electrically neutral, weakly interacting elementary particle elementary subatomic particle ref cite web title Neutrino url http ... Max Planck Gesellschaft accessdate 2012 03 27 ref with spin 1 2 half integer spin . The neutrino .... There are three types, or Flavor particle physics flavors , of neutrinos electron neutrino s, muon neutrino s and tau neutrino s. Each type also has a corresponding antiparticle , called an antineutrino ... 65 billion val 6.5 e 10 solar neutrino s per second pass through every square centimeter perpendicular ..., and neutrino fluxes journal The Astrophysical Journal volume 621 issue pages L85 L88 arxiv astro ph 0412440 bibcode 2005ApJ...621L..85B doi 10.1086 428929 ref History Pauli s proposal The neutrino ref group nb More specifically, the electron neutrino. ref was postulated first by Wolfgang ... products for alpha and beta decay. ref The idea of the neutrino Laurie M Brown Physics Today September ... conserving particle. Enrico Fermi coined neutrino in 1933 to distinguish between the neutron ... more details
A neutrino is an elementary particle. Neutrino may also refer to Neutrino 2000 , a series of guns used in the Artemis Fowl books Neutrinos Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles , characters in the TV show Neutrino spacecraft , a suborbital spacecraft in development by Interorbital Systems Poppa NeutrinoNeutrino Factory Oxide & Neutrino , a rap group QNX Neutrino , an operating system disambig de Neutrino Begriffskl rung nds Neutrino Mehrd dig Begreep ... more details
Infobox Particle bgcolour name Tau neutrino image caption num types composition Elementary particle statistics Fermionic group Lepton generation Third interaction Weak interaction Weak , Gravity particle antiparticle Tau antineutrino SubatomicParticle Tau antineutrino theorized Mid 1970s discovered DONUT DONUT collaboration 2000 symbol SubatomicParticle Tauon neutrino mass Small but non zero. See Neutrino Mass neutrino mass . decay time decay particle electric charge 0 Elementary charge e color charge No spin frac 1 2 num spin states weak isospin nowrap Chirality physics LH ?, Chirality physics RH ? weak hypercharge nowrap Chirality physics LH ?, Chirality physics RH ? The tau neutrino or tauon neutrino is a subatomic particle subatomic elementary particle which has the symbol SubatomicParticle Tauon neutrino and no net electric charge . Together with the tau particle tau , it forms the third generation physics generation of lepton s, hence its name tau neutrino . Its existence was immediately implied after the tau particle was detected in a series of experiments between 1974 and 1977 ... of the tau neutrino was announced in July 2000 by the DONUT DONUT collaboration . ref name ... Neutrino at Fermilab url http www.fnal.gov pub presspass press releases donut.html publisher Fermilab ... title Observation of tau neutrino interactions journal Physics Letters B volume 504 page 218 doi 10.1016 ... DONUT The tau neutrino is last of the leptons, and the most recent particle of the Standard Model ... Fermilab was built during the 1990s to specifically detect the tau neutrino. These efforts came to fruition ... boson . See also Electron neutrino Muon neutrino PMNS matrix References reflist particles Category Neutrinos Category Leptons particle stub es Neutrino tau nico eu Tau neutrino hr Tau neutrino it Neutrino tauonico nl Tau neutrino ja pt Neutrino do tau ru sl Tauonski nevtrino tl Tau neutrino zh ... more details
Infobox Particle bgcolour name Muon neutrino image caption num types composition Elementary particle statistics Fermionic group Lepton generation Second interaction Weak interaction Weak , Gravity particle ... Lederman , Melvin Schwartz and Jack Steinberger 1962 symbol SubatomicParticle Muon neutrino mass Small but non zero. See Neutrino Mass neutrino mass . decay time decay particle electric charge 0 Elementary ... ? The muon neutrino is a subatomic particle subatomic lepton elementary particle which has the symbol SubatomicParticle Muon neutrino and no net electric charge . Together with the muon it forms the second generation physics generation of leptons, hence its name muon neutrino . It was first hypothesized ..., N. B. Mistry, M. Schwartz, J. Steinberger year 1962 title Observation of high energy neutrino reactions ... 1962PhRvL...9...36D ref that more than one type of neutrino exists by first detecting interactions of the muon neutrino already hypothesised with the name neutretto ref cite journal author I.V. Anicin year 2005 title The Neutrino Its Past, Present and Future pages 3 59 volume 2 journal SFIN Institute ... than lightspeed see Faster than light neutrino anomaly . This result was confirmed again in a second ... M. Antonello et at. year 2012 title Measurement of the neutrino velocity with the ICARUS detector ... neutrino PMNS matrix Tau neutrino References reflist Further reading cite web author Leon M. Lederman ... Neutrino Experiment work Nobel Lectures publisher The Nobel Foundation accessdate 2010 02 11 cite ... lecture.pdf title Experiments with High Energy Neutrino Beams work Nobel Lectures publisher The Nobel Foundation accessdate 2010 02 11 particles DEFAULTSORT Muon Neutrino Category Neutrinos Category Leptons particle stub ar es Neutrino mu nico eu Muoi neutrino hr Mionski neutrino nl Muon neutrino ja pt Neutrino do m on ru sl Mionski nevtrino tl Muon neutrino zh ... more details
Infobox Particle bgcolour name Electron neutrino image caption num types composition Elementary particle ... Pauli 1930 discovered Clyde Cowan , Frederick Reines 1956 symbol SubatomicParticle Electron neutrino mass Small but non zero. See Neutrino Mass neutrino mass . decay time decay particle electric charge ... RH ? The electron neutrino SubatomicParticle Electron neutrino is a subatomic particle subatomic ... the first generation physics generation of leptons, hence its name electron neutrino . It was first ... Cowan and Frederick Reines see Cowan Reines neutrino experiment . ref name LAS cite journal author ... Like all particles, the electron neutrino has a corresponding antiparticle , the electron antineutrino ... Neutrino Invention url http www.symmetrymagazine.org cms ?pid 1000450 journal Symmetry Magazine volume ... of Technology , Z rich , in which he proposed the electron neutrino as a potential solution to solve ... electrically neutral particles that I wish to call neutrons, ref group nb See Electron neutrino ... L.M. Brown year 1978 title The idea of the neutrino journal Physics Today volume 31 issue 9 pages 23 doi 10.1063 1.2995181 ref Discovery Main Cowan Reines neutrino experiment The electron neutrino ..., C.L. Cowan, Jr. year 1956 title The Neutrino journal Nature journal Nature volume 178 pages ... , who developed the theory of beta decay , coined the term neutrino in 1934 as a clever way to resolve ... and discovery of a second neutrino, it became important to distinguish between different types of neutrinos. Pauli s neutrino is now identified as the electron neutrino , while the second neutrino is identified as the muon neutrino . Notes reflist group nb See also Muon neutrino PMNS matrix Tau neutrino References reflist Further reading cite journal author F. Reines, C.L. Cowan, Jr. year 1956 title The Neutrino journal Nature journal Nature volume 178 pages 446 doi 10.1038 178446a0 ..., H.W. Kruse, A.D. McGuire year 1956 title Detection of the Free Neutrino A Confirmation journal Science ... more details
onesource date May 2010 Neutrino astronomy is the branch of astronomy that observes astronomical objects with neutrino detector s in special observatories. Nuclear reaction s in stars and supernova explosions produce very large numbers of neutrino s, a very few of which may be detected by a neutrino telescope . Neutrino astronomy is motivated by the possibility of observing processes that are inaccessible to telescope optical telescope s, such as the Solar core Sun s core . Neutrino astronomy is still very much in its infancy so far, the only confirmed extraterrestrial neutrino sources are the Sun and SN1987A supernova SN1987A . Applications When astronomical bodies, such as the Sun , are studied using light, only the surface of the object can be directly observed. Any light produced in the core ... which are created in the cores of stars as a result of stellar fusion can be observed using neutrino astronomy. ref name SciAm cite news title Through Neutrino Eyes author Gelmini, Graciela B. newspaper ...?id through neutrino eyes ref Observatories class wikitable Observatory Location Detector volume ... SciAm IceCube Neutrino Observatory South Pole 1 km 1 10 sup 11 sup &ndash 10 sup 21 sup eV 2011 estimated ... 2 10 sup 19 sup &ndash 10 sup 21 sup eV 2015 estimated ref name SciAm Baksan Neutrino Observatory Baksan .... The enormous flux of solar neutrino s racing through the Earth is sufficient to produce only ... transmuted atom. The observation of neutrino interactions requires a large detector mass, along ..., a large array of neutrino detectors may be used. Scientific Problems of Neutrino Astronomy Solar neutrino problem In detecting solar neutrinos, it became clear that the number detected was half ... of the forms of neutrinos coming in was being detected and all neutrinos Neutrino oscillation oscillate between the three forms. Cosmic neutrino background CNB is the background particle radiation composed ... List of neutrino experiments Notes reflist Category Neutrino astronomy cs Neutrinov astronomie es Astronom a ... more details
Infobox person name Poppa Neutrino image image size caption birth name William David Pearlman birth date Birth date 1933 10 15 birth place Fresno , California , United States death date Death date and age 2011 1 23 1933 10 15 death place New Orleans , Louisiana , United States death cause congestive ... of the oWL PaRTY spouse parents children relatives website footnotes Poppa Neutrino , born William ... www.nola.com music index.ssf 2011 01 poppa neutrino street musician.html His journey started in 1933 ... Message neutrino ideas.htm ref Thus Poppa Neutrino built his own homes out of discarded materials ... illness. ref name kamiya Neutrino has built several rafts out of donated and recycled materials on which he has lived and sailed. In 1997 98 Poppa Neutrino sailed one of his homemade junk raft s, Son ... and navigator on the crossing. In 2008 Poppa Neutrino moved to Burlington, Vermont to build another ..., Vermont. Papa Neutrino and his fellow rafters were rescued from Lake Champlain. ref WCAX.COM ... http www.burlingtonfreepress.com article 20101227 NEWS02 101226010 Poppa Neutrino s raft still clings to icy cliff in Charlotte ref Neutrino died on January 23, 2011, in a hospital in New Orleans ... NEWS02 110124026 Burlington rafter adventurer Poppa Neutrino dies Burlington Rafter, Adventurer Poppa Neutrino Dies Burlington Free Press January 24, 2011. Retrieved January 24, 2011. ref Married ... about his life Poppa Neutrino s life and travels have been the subject of articles and books ... of Poppa Neutrino . New York, Random House, Inc. ISBN 978 1 4000 6543 1. Silber, Stephanie 2007 ... Productions Documentary. External links http www.floatingneutrinos.com Poppa Neutrino and the Floating Neutrino s http www.blueroadrunner.com Neutrino neutrino.htm Poppa Neutrino s San Felipe Adventure Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Neutrino, Poppa REAL NAME Pearlman, William David ... OF DEATH New Orleans, Louisiana, United States DEFAULTSORT Neutrino, Poppa Category 1933 births Category ... more details
Infobox song Name Little Neutrino Artist Klaatu band Klaatu Album 3 47 EST Released 1976 track no 8 of disc 1 Recorded 18 October 1974 Genre Progressive Rock Length 8 13 Writer Dee Long Label Daffodil Records Daffodil , Capitol Records Capitol Producer Terry Brown record producer Terry Brown Little Neutrino , is a track written by Dee Long, from the album 3 47 EST , by the progressive rock group, Klaatu band Klaatu . Recording On October 18, 1974 a Gibson Guitar Corporation Gibson twelve string guitar 12 string acoustic guitar was recorded using a detuned tape delay. Subsequently, the acoustic guitar was double tracked. In the initial recording session, a Moog synthesizer was used to simulate the sound of a flute. The sound effects on Little Neutrino were recorded by Klaatu s producer, Terry Brown. Little Neutrino s unique vocal distortion is a result of an artificial larynx , which was used by the track s writer, Dee Long to mouth the track s lyrics. ref http klaatu.org ref The original version of Little Neutrino was a 16 track recording. The recording was subsequently transferred to the 24 track tape format in March 1975. Release Little Neutrino was first released on August 11, 1976. It was the closing track on Klaatu s debut album, 3 47 EST . ref http www.progarchives.com album.asp?id 747 ref A previously unreleased vocal mix of the track appears as part of the Klaatu box set, Sun Set . ref Allmusic class album id r780593 pure url yes ref There are two known live versions of this track. The first was performed by the reunited members of Klaatu, during their 2005 reunion. It can be heard on Klaatu s 2009 compilation, Solology . Former Klaatu member, Dee Long, also performed a version of Little Neutrino , which appears on his solo album, Long Live And Prosper . Personnel Dee Long &ndash Lead vocalist vocal , acoustic guitar , electric guitar , moog synthesizer John Woloschuk &ndash Synthesizer Terry Draper &ndash Drums , tympani , cymbals References references Category ... more details
Expert subject Physics date September 2011 Infobox Particle bgcolour name Sterile neutrino image caption ... right handed neutrinos, inert neutrinos. ref are a hypothetical type of neutrino that do not interact ... Neutrino Handedness right handed neutrino or left handed anti neutrino which may be added to the Standard Model and may take part in phenomena, such as neutrinoNeutrino oscillations mixing . The search for these particles is an active area of particle physics . Motivation See also Neutrino Handedness Neutrino oscillation l1 Neutrino Handedness Experimental results show that nearly all produced ... such as neutrino oscillation , however, have shown that neutrinos have a non zero mass, which is not predicted ... neutrino has a B L of 1 and an X charge X charge of 5. Due to the lack of charges, sterile neutrinos ... , the Higgs field develops a vacuum expectation value, math phi math , and in the Lagrangian for neutrino ... it is not possible to form mass terms for neutrino in the Standard Model it only predicts a left handed neutrino and its antiparticle, a right handed antineutrino, for each generation, produced in chiral ... for two different possibilities of the nature of neutrino mass Majorana or Dirac. Majorana or Dirac? If we assume that a particle need not be different in some way from its antiparticle, then the neutrino ... neutrino real neutral particle is its own antiparticle , and could annihilate with another neutrino, possibly allowing neutrinoless double beta decay , and the sterile neutrino would need to differ from the neutrino by something other than its handedness. However, if we assume that a particle must be different in some way from its antiparticle, then the neutrino is a Dirac fermion . All ... are not invariant to charge conjugation C , so an interacting Majorana neutrino cannot be an eigenstate of C. The generalized definition is a Majorana neutrino field is an eigenstate of the CP transformation ... Majorana and Dirac neutrinos is not only theoretical a massive Dirac neutrino would have nonzero ... more details
The Neutrino Factory is a proposed particle accelerator complex intended to measure in detail the properties of neutrinos , which are extremely weakly interacting fundamental particles that can travel in straight lines through normal matter for thousands of kilometres. Up until the 1990s, neutrinos were assumed to be massless, but inconsistent experimental results from searches for solar neutrinos those produced in the Sun s core and others, indicated that the neutrino does in fact have a very small mass see Solar neutrino problem . Function The Neutrino Factory will create a fairly focused beam of neutrinos at one site on the Earth and fire it downwards, probably in two beams emitted in different directions from a racetrack shaped underground muon storage ring, until the beams resurface at other points. One example could be a complex in the United Kingdom UK sending beams to Japan see Super Kamiokande and Italy Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso LNGS . The properties of the neutrinos will be examined at the remote sites to determine how neutrinos evolve over time. This will provide information about their masses and weak interaction properties. ref https www.ids nf.org wiki FrontPage GeneralInfo ref The project is currently in the conceptual design stage. An international Scoping ... for the Neutrino Factory that details the physics performance, schedule and costs by 2012. The study ... nf.org International Design Study ref UK Neutrino Factory There is a United Kingdom Neutrino Factory group. ref http hepunx.rl.ac.uk uknf UK Neutrino Factory Homepage ref ref http stephenbrooks.org ... ambitious than the Neutrino Factory, using the unstable intermediate particles muons that produce neutrinos ... ILC in design phase experiments. http www.cap.bnl.gov mumu mu home page.html Homepage European Neutrino ... https www.ids nf.org wiki FrontPage GeneralInfo neutrino detectors Category Particle physics facilities Category Neutrino observatories fr Usine neutrinos ta ... more details
File Sudbury sno.jpg thumb right 175px The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory , a 12 meter sphere filled with heavy ..., Canada. A neutrino detector is a physics apparatus designed to study neutrino s. Because neutrinos are only Weak interaction weakly interacting with other particles of matter, neutrino detectors must be very large in order to detect a significant number of neutrinos. Neutrino detectors are often ... twsP16 The field of neutrino astronomy is still very much in its infancy &ndash the only confirmed extraterrestrial sources so far are the Sun and SN1987A supernova SN1987A . Neutrino observatories will give ... for the Cherenkov radiation emitted when an incoming neutrino creates an electron or muon in the water. The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory is similar, but uses heavy water as the detecting medium. Other ... neutrino newspaper Guardian Weekly quote But they are nevertheless almost undetectable in just ... www.guardian.co.uk science 2011 mar 22 france science nuclear neutrino lehir accessdate 2011 06 16 ... when neutrinos interact with the ice. ... Amanda 2 Antarctic Muon and Neutrino Detector Array ... are named after the type of particle that arises after neutrino collisions as neutrinos propagate ... W boson weak interaction s. In a neutral current interaction, the neutrino leaves the detector after ... emit Cherenkov radiation , which can be observed directly. All three neutrino flavors can participate regardless of the neutrino energy. However, no neutrino flavor information is left behind. In a charged current interaction, the neutrino transforms into its partner lepton electron, muon, or tau . ref name twsP15 However, if the neutrino does not have sufficient energy to create its ... have enough energy to create electrons. Most accelerator based neutrino beams can also create ... of the incident neutrino in a charged current interaction. Because the interaction involves ... , consist of a tank filled with a chlorine containing fluid such as tetrachloroethylene . A neutrino ... more details
ref improve date October 2011 Infobox musical artist See Wikipedia WikiProject Musicians name Oxide & Neutrino image caption background group or band origin London , England genre UK garage years active 1999 ref http www.sosolid.co.uk oxideneutrino.html ref present label East West Records associated acts So Solid Crew website http www.myspace.com oxideneutrino MySpace current members Alex Rivers br Mark Oseitutu Oxide & Neutrino is a Disc jockey DJ and Master of Ceremonies MC UK garage garage duo from London , consisting of Alex Rivers b. 1982, Isleworth , London and Mark Osei Tutu b. 1982, Brixton , London . Their first single Bound 4 Da Reload Casualty went to number 1 in the United Kingdom in May 2000. ref name British Hit Singles & Albums cite book first David last Roberts year 2006 title British Hit Singles & Albums edition 19th publisher Guinness World Records Limited location London isbn 1 904994 10 5 page 413 ref It is known for sampling music sampling the theme music to the BBC One hospital drama series Casualty TV series Casualty , and also contains samples of dialogue from the 1998 film , Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrels . Their music appears in the film Ali G Indahouse in the form of the track Shoot to Kill , which is played in the movie from car stereos. This track is also featured on the original soundtrack Compact disc CD . Oxide & Neutrino are members of UK garage group, So Solid Crew . Oxide has also record producer produced tracks on Lisa Maffia s debut album ... 2001 Execute Oxide & Neutrino album Execute UK Albums Chart UK 11 U.K sales 300,000 BPI Platinum 2002 2 Stepz Ahead UK 28 2007 2nd Chance Oxide & Neutrino album 2nd Chance 11 June 2007 ref ... 7 Stepz Behind 2007 References reflist External links http oxideneutrino.blogspot.co.uk Oxide & Neutrino Official Site http www.myspace.com oxideneutrino Oxide & Neutrino Official Myspace Category ... people of Ghanaian descent Category UK garage groups de Oxide & Neutrino es Oxide & Neutrino he ... more details
More footnotes date April 2010 Neutrino oscillation is a quantum mechanics quantum mechanical phenomenon ... journal author B. Pontecorvo title Neutrino Experiments and the Problem of Conservation of Leptonic ... whereby a neutrino created with a specific lepton flavor particle physics flavor electron , muon ... of measuring a particular flavor for a neutrino varies periodically as it propagates. Neutrino oscillation ... observation of the phenomenon implies that the neutrino has a non zero mass, which is not part of the original Standard Model of particle physics . Observations A great deal of evidence for neutrino oscillation has been collected from many sources, over a wide range of neutrino energies and with many ... Solar neutrino oscillation The first experiment that detected the effects of neutrino oscillation was Raymond ... a chlorine based detector. This gave rise to the Solar neutrino problem . Many subsequent radiochemical and water Cherenkov radiation Cherenkov detectors confirmed the deficit, but neutrino oscillation was not conclusively identified as the source of the deficit until the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory provided clear evidence of neutrino flavor change in 2001. Solar neutrinos have energies below .... At energies above 5 MeV, solar neutrino oscillation actually takes place in the Sun through ... the vacuum oscillation described later in this article. Atmospheric neutrino oscillation Large detectors ... precise measurement of neutrino oscillation in an energy range of hundreds of MeV to a few TeV, and with a baseline of the diameter of the Earth . Reactor neutrino oscillation Many experiments have ... experiment, started in 2002, has made a high precision observation of reactor neutrino oscillation ... are currently measuring reactor neutrino oscillation at a baseline of a few kilometers Double Chooz , RENO , and Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment Daya Bay . Such oscillations give the value of the parameter sub 13 sub . Beam neutrino oscillation Neutrino beams produced at a particle accelerator ... more details
In Big Bang cosmology , neutrino decoupling refers to the epoch at which neutrinos ceased interacting with baryonic matter , and thereby ceased influencing the dynamics of the universe at early times. ref Longair 2006 , p. 290 ref Prior to decoupling, neutrino s were in thermal equilibrium with proton s, neutron s, and electron s, which was maintained through the weak interaction . Decoupling occurred approximately at the time when the rate of those weak interactions was slower than the rate of expansion of the universe . Alternatively, it was the time when the time scale for weak interactions became greater than the age of the universe at that time. Neutrino decoupling took place approximately one second after the Big Bang, when the temperature of the universe was approximately 10 1000000000 number billion kelvin s, or 1 MeV . ref Longair 2006 , p. 291 ref Derivation of decoupling time Neutrinos are kept from free streaming by their interactions with electron s and positron s, such as the reaction ... decoupled. Observational evidence While neutrino decoupling can not be observed directly, it is expected to have left behind a cosmic neutrino background , analogous to the cosmic microwave background radiation of visible light which was emitted at a much later epoch. The detection of the neutrino background is far beyond the capabilities of the present generation of neutrino detectors. ref Longair 2006 , p. 302. ref There is data, however, which indirectly indicates the presence of a neutrino ... results from anisotropies in the neutrino background. ref Trotta 2005 , p. 1. ref Another indirect measurement of neutrino decoupling is allowed by the role that neutrino decoupling plays in setting ... to protons at neutrino decoupling, the helium abundance indirectly measures the temperature at which neutrino decoupling took place, and is in agreement with the figure derived above. ref Longair ... author Trotta, R., Melchiorri, A. title Indication for Primordial Anisotropies in the Neutrino Background ... more details
The Long Baseline Neutrino Experiment LBNE is a proposed neutrino detector at the Homestake Mine South Dakota Homestake Mine which would observe neutrinos produced at Fermilab . External links http lbne.fnal.gov LNBE homepage at Fermilab Category Neutrino experiments physics stub ... more details
Refimprove date April 2009 The Neutrino Array Radio Calibration NARC experiment is the successor to the Radio Ice Cerenkov Experiment Radio Ice Cherenkov Experiment RICE which will serve as a testbed for future development of an eventual large scale neutrino radio detection array. NARC involves detecting ultra high energy electron neutrino s through their interactions with ice molecules in the Antarctic icecap, based on the principle of Coherence physics radio coherence . Experimentally, the goal is to detect and measure long wavelength radiofrequency pulses resulting from this interaction. External links http heplx3.phsx.ku.edu riceuser Neutrino Array Radio Calibration webpage http www.icecube.wisc.edu IceCube Neutrino Observatory cite web publisher National Science Foundation date 2009 04 15 title Award Abstract 0826747, Neutrino Array Radio Calibration url http www.checkout.org.cn awardsearch showAward.do?AwardNumber 0826747 accessdate 2009 04 10 neutrino detectors Category Science and technology in Antarctica Category Neutrino astronomy Category Astronomy in the Antarctic ... more details
This is a non exhaustive list of neutrino experiment s, neutrino detector s, and neutrino telescope s. class ... Operation Home page ANTARES telescope ANTARES Astronomy with a Neutrino Telescope and Abyss Environmental RESearch ATM, CR, AGN, PUL nowrap Subatomic particle Electron neutrino , Subatomic particle Muon neutrino , Subatomic particle Tauon neutrino Mediterranean Sea , France 2006 http antares.in2p3.fr index.html ARIANNA Experiment ARIANNA Antarctic Ross Ice Shelf ANtenna Neutrino Array S, CR, AGN, ? nowrap Subatomic particle Electron neutrino , Subatomic particle Muon neutrino , Subatomic particle Tauon neutrino Ross Ice Shelf , Antarctica future http arianna.ps.uci.edu BOREXINO BORon EXperiment LS Subatomic particle Electron neutrino nowrap Subatomic particle Neutrino sub x sub Subatomic particle Electron Subatomic particle Neutrino sub x sub Subatomic particle Electron ES Scintillator ... particle Electron neutrino nowrap Subatomic particle Neutrino sub x sub Subatomic particle Electron Subatomic particle Neutrino sub x sub Subatomic particle Electron br nowrap Subatomic particle Electron neutrino SimpleNuclide Neon 20 Subatomic particle Electron neutrino SimpleNuclide Neon 20 ES br ... publications CLEAN.pdf Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment Daya Bay Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment R Subatomic particle Electron antineutrino Subatomic particle Electron antineutrino ... 2011 http dayawane.ihep.ac.cn Double Chooz Double Chooz Reactor Neutrino Experiment R Subatomic particle ... GALLium EXperiment LS Subatomic particle Electron neutrino nowrap Subatomic particle Electron neutrino ... 1991 1997 http www.mpi hd.mpg.de nuastro gallex.html Gallium Neutrino Observatory GNO Gallium Neutrino Observatory LS Subatomic particle Electron neutrino nowrap Subatomic particle Electron neutrino ... neutrino mainly nowrap Subatomic particle Electron neutrino Subatomic particle Electron &rarr Subatomic particle Electron neutrino Subatomic particle Electron NC Superfluid helium Superfluid He ... more details
The Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector LSND was a scintillation counter at Los Alamos National Laboratory that measured the number of neutrino s being produced by an accelerator neutrino source. The LSND project was created to look for evidence of neutrino oscillation , and its results conflict with the standard model expectation of only three neutrino flavors, when considered in the context of other solar and atmospheric neutrino oscillation experiments. Cosmological data bound the mass of the sterile neutrino to m sub s sub 0.26eV 0.44eV at 95 99.9 confidence limit, excluding at high significance the Sterile neutrino sterile neutrino hypothesis as an explanation of the LSND anomaly. ref cite journal author S. Dodelson, A. Melchiorri, A. Slosar year 2006 title Is cosmology compatible with sterile neutrinos? journal Physical Review Letters volume 97 pages 04301 doi 10.1103 PhysRevLett.97.041301 id arxiv astro ph 0511500 bibcode 2006PhRvL..97d1301D ref The controversial LSND result was tested by the MiniBooNE experiment at Fermilab , which refuted a simple 2 neutrino oscillation interpretation of the LSND result. The detector consisted of a tank filled with 167 tons 50,000 gallons of mineral oil and convert 14 lb of b PDB 2 4 tert butylphenyl 5 4 biphenyl 1,3,4 oxadiazole organic scintillator material. Cherenkov radiation Cherenkov light emitted by particle interactions was detected by an array of 1220 photomultiplier tubes. The experiment collected data from 1993 to 1998. References reflist Further reading cite journal author Athanassopoulos et al. year 1997 title The Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector and LAMPF Neutrino Source journal Nuclear Instruments and Methods ... evidence for neutrino oscillations http www.nu.to.infn.it exp all lsnd LSND scientific publications ..., SPIRES database http www.neutrinooscillation.org The Neutrino Oscillations Industry neutrino detectors Category Accelerator neutrino experiments particle stub de LSND ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2006 The solar neutrino unit SNU is a unit of Solar neurino flux widely used in neutrino astronomy and radiochemical neutrino experiments. It is equal to the neutrino flux producing math 10 36 math captures per target atom per second. It is convenient given he very low event rates in radiochemical experiments. In principle there are two ways of detecting solar neutrino s radiochemical and real time experiments. The principle of radiochemical experiments is the reaction of the form math A N Z nu e longrightarrow A N 1 Z 1 e math . The daughter Atomic nucleus nucleus s decay is used in the detection. Production rate of the daughter nucleus is given by math R N int Phi E sigma E dE math where math Phi math is the solar neutrino flux math sigma math is the Cross section physics cross section for the radiochemical reaction math N math is the number of target atoms. With typical neutrino flux of math 10 10 left frac 1 cm 2 s right math and cross section of about math 10 45 cm 2 math it is needed about math 10 30 math 1 mole unit mole is equal to 6.022 E 23 target atoms to produce one event per day. This number corresponds to ton kton s of the target substances, whereas present neutrino detector s operate at much lower quantities of those. See also NeutrinoNeutrino detector Mole unit DEFAULTSORT Solar Neutrino Unit Category Units of frequency Physics stub Measurement stub fr Solar neutrino unit ru ko ... more details
RENO Reactor Experiment for Neutrino Oscillations is a long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment in South Korea . The experiment was designed to either measure or set a limit on sub 13 sub , a neutrino oscillation parameter responsible for changing electron neutrino s into other neutrinos. On 2012 April 3, with some corrections on April 8, the RENO collaboration announced a Statistical significance In terms of sigma 4.9 observation of sub 13 sub 0, with math sin 2 2 theta 13 0.113 pm 0.013 rm stat. pm 0.019 rm syst. math ref cite journal author RENO Collaboration arxiv 1204.0626 title Observation of electron antineutrino disappearance at RENO date 2012 04 03 ref ref cite web author RENO Collaboration url http www.interactions.org cms ?pid 1031612 title Announcement of the First Results from RENO Observation of the Weakest Neutrino Transformation publisher Interactions NewsWire date 2012 04 04 ref This measurement confirmed a similar result announced by the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment Daya Bay Experiment three weeks before and is consistent with earlier, but less significant results by T2K , MINOS and Double Chooz . References references neutrino detectors physics stub Category Neutrino experiments de RENO Experiment ... more details
2 span style font size 115 Solar neutrino problem span Discrepancies in the measurements of actual solar neutrino types and what the Sun s interior models predict. bgcolor ffdead align center colspan ... massless according to the then accepted theory this means that the type of neutrino would be fixed when ... Only one third to one half of predicted number of electron neutrinos were detected neutrino oscillation .... The solar neutrino problem was a major discrepancy between measurements of the numbers of neutrino ... 1960s to about 2002. The discrepancy has since been resolved by new understanding of neutrino physics, requiring a modification of the Standard Model of particle physics &ndash specifically, neutrino ... proton chain reaction which converts four hydrogen Atomic nucleus nuclei proton s into helium , neutrino ... absorption by the Sun s outer layers. As neutrino detectors became sensitive enough to measure ... was between one third and one half of the predicted number. This came to be known as the solar neutrino problem . Image Sudbury Neutrino Observatory.artist concept of detector.jpg thumb Artist s concept of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory Courtesy of SNO Measurements In the late 1960s, Raymond Davis ... the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory . The expected number of solar neutrinos had been computed based ..., and improved neutrino measurements. Helioseismology observations made it possible to measure .... As might be expected, these had different velocities. Detailed observations of the neutrino spectrum from the more advanced neutrino observatories also produced results which no adjustment of the solar model could accommodate. In effect, overall lower neutrino flux which the Homestake ... upon the temperature in order to match parts of the neutrino spectrum a higher temperature is needed ... was capable of producing the observed neutrino energy spectrum, and all adjustments that could be made ... and Astrophysics, vol 33, pp. 459&ndash 504, 1995. ref Resolution main Neutrino oscillation Currently ... more details
Distinguish2 the Neutrino Mediterranean Observatory , which is also abbreviated NEMO Otheruses Nemo disambiguation The Neutrino Ettore Majorana Observatory NEMO experiment is an international collaboration of scientists searching for neutrino less double beta decay . The observation of neutrinoless double beta decay would be evidence that neutrino s are Majorana fermion Majorana particles and could be used to measure the neutrino mass. It is located in the Modane Underground Laboratory LSM in the Fr jus Road Tunnel . Data taking started in January 2003 and ended in January 2011. Experiment The experiment has a cylindrical shape with 20 sectors that contain different isotope s in the form of thin foils with a total surface of about 20 m sup 2 sup . The main isotopes used for the neutrinoless double beta decay search are about 7 kg of Isotope separation enriched molybdenum 100 and about 1 kg of selenium 82 . The experiment also contains smaller amounts of cadmium 116 , neodymium 150 , zirconium 96 and calcium 48 foils. Tellurium and copper foils are used for background measurements. A tracking detector on each side of the foil detects electron s and positron s from the double beta decay. Electrons and positrons are identified through their curvature in a magnetic field. The energy of the electrons and positron is then measured in a calorimeter particle physics calorimeter . In neutrinoless double beta decay, the sum of the electron and positron energies will be the same as the energy Q value nuclear science Q value released in the double beta decay process. For the standard ... than 10 sup 24 sup years. This can be translated into an upper limit on the Neutrino mass Mass neutrino mass of about 0.5 1.0 eV, depending on the nuclear model used to calculate the neutrino ... reflist External links http nemo.in2p3.fr nemow3 NEMO Experiment s official Site neutrino detectors Category Neutrino observatories de Neutrino Ettore Majorana Observatory fr NEMO it NEMO 3 ... more details
Image Sudbury Neutrino Observatory.artist concept of detector.jpg thumb Artist s concept of SNO s detector. Courtesy of SNO The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory SNO is a neutrinoneutrino observatory observatory ... Sudbury , Ontario , Canada . The detector was designed to detect solar neutrino s through their interactions ... Solar Model . As several experiments confirmed this deficit the effect became known as the solar neutrino ... was the hypothesis of neutrino oscillation s. All of the solar neutrino detectors prior to SNO had been sensitive primarily or exclusively to electron neutrino s and yielded little to no information on muon neutrino s and tau neutrino s. In 1984, Herb Chen of the University of California at Irvine ... to all neutrino flavours, which would allow a detector to measure neutrino oscillations directly ... produced by special relativity relativistic electrons in the water created by neutrino interactions ... File Sudbury sno.jpg thumb The Sudbury Neutrino Detector The SNO detector target consisted of convert ... 2001 title The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory Canada s eye on the universe url http cerncourier.com ... interaction In the charged current interaction, a neutrino converts the neutron in a deuteron to a proton . The neutrino is absorbed in the reaction and an electron is produced. Solar neutrinos have ... in this reaction. The emitted electron carries off most of the neutrino s energy, on the order of 5 ... tendency for them to point back in the direction from which the neutrino came. Neutral current interaction In the neutral current interaction, a neutrino dissociates the deuteron, breaking it into its constituent neutron and proton. The neutrino continues on with slightly less energy, and all three neutrino flavours are equally likely to participate in this interaction. Heavy water has a small ... is completely uncorrelated with the direction of the neutrino. Some of the neutrons wander past the acrylic .... Electron elastic scattering In the elastic scattering interaction, a neutrino collides with an atomic ... more details
Beyond the Standard Model cTopic Experiments India based Neutrino Observatory INO is a proposed particle physics research project to primarily study Neutrino Atmospheric neutrinos atmospheric neutrinos ... is notable in that it is anticipated to provide a precise measurement of neutrino mixing parameters ... ino neutrino press release.pdf ref ref name Httpwwwnewscientistcomarticlednindianneutrinolabtoboastworldsbiggestmagnethtml http www.newscientist.com article dn19620 indian neutrino lab to boast worlds biggest magnet.html ref History The possibility of a neutrino observatory located ... comes up, off and on, in many discussions. The issue was raised again in the first meeting of the Neutrino ... WHEPP 6 held at Chennai in January 2000 and it was decided then to collate concrete ideas for a neutrino detector. Further discussions took place in August 2000 during a meeting on Neutrino Physics at the Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics , Kolkata, when a small group of neutrino physics enthusiasts started discussing the possibilities. The Neutrino 2001 meeting was held in the Institute of Mathematical ... laid out an ambitious goal of establishing an India based Neutrino Observatory, outlining the physics ... have taken place in neutrino physics. The award of the List of Nobel laureates in Physics Laureates Nobel Prize in Physics 2002 to the pioneers in neutrino physics is a measure of the importance ..., the scientific community and the funding agency, the Department of Atomic Energy, a Neutrino Collaboration Group NCG was established to study the possibility of building an India based Neutrino ... the feasibility period. The NCG has the goal of creating an underground neutrino laboratory with the long term goal of conducting decisive experiments in neutrino physics as also other experiments which ... permission for the Department of Atomic Energy to set up the India based Neutrino Observatory ... title Ministry s no to Neutrino Observatory project in Nilgiris last Ramachandran first R. date ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
