Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 File NeutronProbe 0001.svg thumb Neutronprobe e neutron emitter d detector b shielding c counter . A neutronprobe is a device used to measure the quantity of water present in soil . A typical neutronprobe contains a pellet of americium 241 and beryllium . The alpha particle s emitted by the decay of the americium collide with the light beryllium nuclei, producing fast neutrons . When these fast neutrons collide with hydrogen nuclei present in the soil being studied, they lose much of their energy. The detection of slow neutron s returning to the probe allows an estimate of the amount of hydrogen present. Since water contains two atoms of hydrogen per molecule, this therefore gives a measure of soil moisture. Farmers use this to determine how much water is in their fields. See also Frequency domain sensor Time domain reflectometer TDR used in the Earth and Agricultural Sciences Time domain reflectometer Neutron detection References uncited reference Morgenschweiss, G., Luft, G., 1981. Einrichtung von Bodenfeuchtemesstellen, Kalibrierung einer Neutronensonde am Beispiel der Wallingfordsonde Typ IH11. Deutsche Gew sserkundliche Mitteilungen DGM 25, 84 92. DEFAULTSORT NeutronProbe Category NeutronProbe Category Soil physics Physics stub fr Sonde neutrons ... more details
off of hydrogen nuclei, a neutronprobe may determine the water content in soil. Sources Main Neutron ...About the subatomic particle other uses Neutron disambiguation pp move indef Infobox Particle bgcolour classification Baryon name Neutron image Image Quark structure neutron.svg 250px caption The quark structure of the neutron. The color assignment of individual quarks is not important, only that all ... Neutron , SubatomicParticle Neutron0 , SubatomicParticle Nucleon0 mass val 1.674927351 74 ... mean lifetime val 881.5 15 u s Free neutron free electric charge val 0 u elementary charge e br val ... sup magnetic moment Neutron magnetic moment val 0.96623647 23 e 26 Joule J Tesla unit T sup 1 ... angular momentum J sup Intrinsic parity P sup frac 1 2 frac 1 2 sup sup The neutron is a subatomic particle subatomic hadron particle which has the symbol SubatomicParticle Neutron or SubatomicParticle ... repulsion being stronger than the attraction of the strong force. The number of neutrons is the neutron ... are produced in nuclear fission and nuclear fusion fusion . Dedicated neutron source s like research reactor s and spallation spallation sources produce free neutrons for use in irradiation and in neutron scattering experiments. Even though it is not a chemical element , the free neutron is sometimes ..., and is sometimes referred to as neutronium . Citation needed date April 2010 The neutron has been the key to nuclear power production. After the neutron was discovered in 1932, it was realized in 1933 ..., Ernest Rutherford conceptualized the possible existence of the neutron. ref name chemed.chem.purdue.edu ... the atomic nucleus. He considered the neutron to be a neutral double consisting of an electron ... Chadwick first James year 1932 title Possible Existence of a Neutron journal Nature journal Nature volume ... ending on by imitation of electron and proton . The discovery of the neutron explained a puzzle ... of protons and neutrons, with an additional unpaired neutron and proton each contributing a spin of frac ... more details
wiktionary probeProbe may refer to TOCright Science and technology Medical equipment Anal probing Anal probe Endoscope Proctoscope Atom probe , an atomic resolution microscope Hybridization probe or chemical probe, used in molecular biology Langmuir probe , an electrode inserted into a plasma to determine temperature and density Periodontal probe , an instrument used in dentistry Space probe , a scientific space exploration mission Test probe , a physical device used to connect electronic test equipment to the device under test A Elementary particle particle or object in theoretical physics whose backreaction is neglected Proxy based estimating PROBE , an software estimating process used in the Personal Software Process PSP to estimate size and effort. Entertainment Probe 1972 TV pilot Probe 1972 TV pilot , American TV film written by Leslie Stevens and later made as a TV series called Search Probe 1988 TV series Probe 1988 TV series , a television pilot and subsequent TV series created by William Link and Isaac Asimov Probe parlor game , a discontinued parlor game Probe StarCraft or Protoss, a robotic worker in the real time strategy computer game StarCraft Probe Entertainment Limited , a video game developer Probe Records , sub label of ABC Paramount Records Probing Day , holiday celebrated by the Irkens in Invader Zim P.R.O.B.E. , a series of direct to video Doctor Who spinoffs featuring Liz Shaw P.R.O.B.E. Post occupancy Review Of Building Engineering later revised to Post occupancy review of Buildings and their Engineering. A series of reviews of the performance of buildings carried out in the UK from 1995 to 1998 Other Ford Probe , coupe produced by Ford, introduced in 1989 Probe, also known as a criminal investigation Probe Philippine TV series PROBE , a defunct Philippine public affairs show See also intitle Probe disambig cs Sonda da Sonde de Sonde es Sonda fr Sonde lv Zonde nl Sonde ja pl Sonda ru sv Sond tr Sonda uk ... more details
primary sources date November 2008 Infobox Television episode Title The Probe Series The Outer Limits Image This use of this image has no rationale on the image s page. Image TheOuterLimits Screenshot old.jpg 250px Caption Season 2 Episode 17 Airdate January 16, 1965 Production 48 Writer Seeleg Lester teleplay br Sam Neuman story Director Felix Feist Photographer Kenneth Peach br Fred J. Koenekamp Guests Peter Mark Richman Mark Richman br Peggy Ann Garner br Ron Hayes Episode list List of The Outer Limits episodes List of The Outer Limits episodes Prev The Premonition Next The Probe was the final ... space probe. The story The final episode of The Outer Limits deals with four plane crash survivors who suddenly find themselves trapped in an alien space probe that was taking water samples ... begin to explore the inside of the probe. Jefferson Rome and the others discover a room with an alien telemetry system. The probe is drawing up seawater. Jefferson Rome remembers the space probe ... are exploring the probe. Rome begins to surmise that the raft was being subject to testing ... at data in the Analog Room, begins to notice a pattern that the probe moved from world to world, using ... Frank. The alien circle begins to transmit light beams in sequence. The probe then captures three of the humans in transparent tubes to sterilize them and protect them from the microbe. The probe then prepares ... for Rome and Coberly. The alien light beam begins to probe her and she is surrounded in the mist. Atop the alien probe surface deck, she is re united with Jefferson Rome and Coberly. A rescue plane ... probe lifts off and suddenly explodes. The aliens had understood them and broken down Earth s alphabet. Rome wonders would they be as wise if the probe was from their own world, to which Amanda ... as Radio Engineer Janos Prohaska as The Mikie External links Tv.com episode id 21578 title The Probe DEFAULTSORT Probe, The Category The Outer Limits 1963 TV series episodes Category 1965 television episodes ... more details
File PROBE logo.jpg thumb Right logo for the series P.R.O.B.E. is a series of four videos written by Mark Gatiss and produced by BBV BBV Productions . It predates Torchwood as the first ongoing spin off of the Doctor Who universe. The series features Caroline John as Liz Shaw , working for the Preternatural Research Bureau. Many former Doctor Who actors, including former Doctors Jon Pertwee , Peter Davison , Colin Baker and Sylvester McCoy , appear in the series playing different roles. Due to licensing restrictions, no overt reference to Doctor Doctor Who The Doctor is permitted. Doctor Who alumnus Louise Jameson co stars with Pertwee in all four films, as Patricia Haggard. The Canon fiction Doctor Who canonicity of these films is uncertain. However, all story elements relating to Doctor Who are licensed from their respective authors. Citation needed date September 2010 Originally released on VHS, the series is not currently available on video. When an interviewer commented to series author Mark Gatiss that he had never seen the series, Gatiss replied No, and you never will. One, they re not available. And two, I forbid it. Christ, for all I knew, they were the only things I would ever get to make. And I learned a frightening amount from working on them. ref http findarticles.com p articles mi qn4156 is 20041107 ai n12591433 ref All four films will be released on DVD on 29 February 2012. ref https www.galaxy4.co.uk product.thtml?id 2586&vts gv0qAgE ref The DVD releases will carry ... in 1995 by BBV . Synopsis When P.R.O.B.E. is summoned to investigate the savage murder of a retired ... occupants of nearby Winterborne School. With P.R.O.B.E. under threat from within and the death ... of several oddly mutated bodies alerts Liz Shaw and P.R.O.B.E. to the fact that something is stalking ... been exorcised by P.R.O.B.E. But when the body of its last victim disappears, and a book of black ... Barbara. External links Wikia tardis Doctor Who Wiki P.R.O.B.E. Wikia tardis Doctor Who Wiki The Zero ... more details
Neutron scattering is a spectroscopic method that uses neutron scattering to measure atomic and magnetic motions of atoms. Inelastic neutron scattering observes the change in the energy of the neutron as it scatters from a sample and can be used to probe a wide variety of different physical phenomena such as the motions of atoms diffusional or hopping , the rotational mode s of molecules, sound modes and molecular vibration s, recoil in quantum fluid s, magnetic and quantum excitations or even electronic transitions. ref http www.isis.stfc.ac.uk instruments neutron spectroscopy4761.html ref References reflist See also Neutron diffraction Raman scattering Infrared scattering analytical chem stub Category Spectroscopy BranchesofSpectroscopy ... more details
wiktionary neutronNeutron is a subatomic particle. Neutron may also refer to Neutron bomb Neutron bot , an XMPP bot written in Python programming language Python using xmpppy library Neutron degenerate matter Neutron game , an abstract strategy game Neutron matter Neutron star In fiction Neutron comics , the name given to three comic book characters Neutron DC Comics , a DC Comics character Neutron Linus , an Italian comics character that appeared in Linus Neutron Marvel Comics , a Marvel Comics character Neutron Solstice , the third book in the Deathlands series Neutron Star short story Neutron Star short story , a short story by Larry Niven See also Jimmy Neutron disambiguation disambig pl Neutron ujednoznacznienie fi Roni Neutroni t smennyssivu ... more details
Neutron may refer to several comic book characters. Neutron DC Comics , a DC Comics character. Neutron Linus , an Italian comics character from Linus Neutron Marvel Comics , a Marvel Comics character. See also Neutron disambiguation SIA comics ... more details
Gravity Probe may refer to Gravity Probe A Gravity Probe B disambig de Gravity Probe Long comment to prevent listing on Special Shortpages.......................................................................... more details
Probe European Muon Collaboration Anger camera position sensitive neutron detectors are developed using ...Neutron detection is the effective detection of neutron s entering a well positioned detector . There are two key aspects to effective neutron detection hardware and software. Detection hardware refers to the kind of neutron detector used the most common today is the Scintillation counter scintillation ... the number and energies of neutrons striking the detector. Basic physics of neutron detection Signatures by which a neutron may be detected Atomic and subatomic particles are detected by the signature ... are only weakly affected by electric and magnetic fields. Mass The neutron mass of val 1.0086649156 .... Magnetic moment Although neutrons have a neutron magnetic moment magnetic moment of val 1.9130427 ... insensitive to use for neutron detection. Electric dipole moment The neutron is predicted to have only a tiny Neutron electric dipole moment electric dipole moment , which has not yet been detected ... produced by neutron decay are detectable, the decay rate is too low to serve as the basis for a practical detector system. Classic neutron detection options As a result of these properties, detection ... of the neutron energy spectrum. Activation also allows recreation of an historic neutron exposure e.g., forensic recreation of neutron exposures during an criticality accident accidental criticality . ref ... are typically detected indirectly through elastic scattering reactions. Neutron collide with the nucleus .... Since the maximum transfer of energy occurs when the mass of the atom with which the neutron collides is comparable to the neutron mass, hydrogenous ref Materials with a high hydrogen content such as water ... Types of neutron detectors Gas proportional detectors Gaseous ionization detectors Gas proportional ... of a nuclide with high neutron cross section allows the detector to respond to neutrons ... . Since these materials are most likely to react with Thermal neutron Thermal neutrons thermal neutron ... more details
In nuclear physics, neutron decay may refer to Neutron emission by an atomic nucleus Free neutron decay Beta decay of a neutron inside an atomic nucleus Baryon decay , as predicted by grand unified theories, also involves neutron decay disambig de Neutronenzerfall ja ... more details
Capacitance sensors or Dielectric sensors use capacitance to measure the dielectric permittivity of a surrounding medium. The configuration is like the neutron probe where an access tube made of PVC is installed in the soil. The probe consists of sensing head at fixed depth. The sensing head consists of an oscillator circuit, the frequency is determined by an annular electrode, fringe effect capacitor , and the dielectric constant of the soil. Each capacitor sensor consists of two metal rings mounted on the circuit board at some distance from the top of the access tube. These rings are a pair of electrodes, which form the plates of the capacitor with the soil acting as the dielectric in between. The plates are connected to an oscillator, consisting of an inductor and a capacitor. The oscillating electrical field is generated between the two rings and extends into the soil medium through the wall of the access tube. The capacitor and the oscillator form a circuit, and changes in dielectric constant of surrounding media are detected by changes in the operating frequency. The capacitance sensors are designed to oscillate in excess of 100 MHz inside the access tube in free air. The output of the sensor is the frequency response of the soil s capacitance due to its soil moisture level. Applications One application for such a device is measuring the water content of soil , where the volume of water in the total volume of soil most heavily influences the dielectric permittivity of the soil because the dielectric of water 80 is much greater than the other constituents of the soil mineral soil 4, organic matter 4, air 1 . When the amount of water changes in the soil, a probe will measure a change in capacitance due to the change in dielectric permittivity that can be directly correlated with a change in water content. Capacitance sensors are now widely used in irrigation scheduling in agriculture around the world. For more information see www.irrigationworld2000.com htt ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 Image X 31 Kiel Probe Close up Showing Inside.jpg thumb 400px alt A front view of a Kiel probe, composed of a cylindrical metallic shroud surrounding a small centre tube, with several circumferential static ports at the rear of the shroud. A Kiel probe from the Rockwell MBB X 31 experimental aircraft A Kiel probe is a device for measuring total pressure or temperature in fluid dynamics . It is a variation of a Pitot probe where the inlet is protected by a shroud . Unlike the Pitot probe, it is not so sensitive to changes in yaw angle , and is therefore useful when the probe s alignment with the flow direction is variable or imprecise. DEFAULTSORT Kiel Probe Category Pressure gauges Fluiddynamics stub ar fr Sonde de Kiel ... more details
Refimprove date July 2008 Science with neutrons Neutron scattering , the scattering of free neutron s by matter ... of materials. Neutron scattering as a physical process is of primordial importance in nuclear engineering . Neutron scattering as an experimental technique is used in crystallography , physics , physical ... neutron sources that provide neutron radiation of sufficient neutron flux intensity . Neutron diffraction elastic scattering is used for determining structures Inelastic neutron scattering ... of fast neutrons See also Neutron temperature neutron moderator Fast neutrons see neutron temperature ... at rest. At each collision the fast neutron transfers a significant part of its kinetic energy to the scattering nucleus the more so the lighter the nucleus. In this way the neutron is slowed down until it reaches thermal equilibrium with the material in which it is scattered. Such neutron moderator ... are used to maintain a nuclear chain reaction in a nuclear reactor , and as a research tool in neutron ... . In the remainder of this article we will concentrate on the scattering of thermal neutrons . Neutron .... The interaction is described by Fermi s pseudopotential . Neutron scattering and absorption Neutron ... can be incoherent or coherent. Among all isotopes, hydrogen has the highest neutron scattering cross section. Also, important elements like carbon and oxygen are well visible in neutron scattering ... scattering. Magnetic scattering The neutron has an additional advantage over the x ray photon ... structure. Because the neutron scattering amplitude can be measured in absolute units, both ... of other characterisation techniques. Neutron Scattering Instruments Neutron diffraction Crystallographic Instrumentation Small angle neutron scattering Neutron Reflectometry Inelastic neutron scattering Neutron triple axis spectrometry Neutron time of flight scattering Neutron backscattering Neutron spin echo Neutron resonance spin echo The Practice of Neutron Scattering History First ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 A spin probe is a molecule with stable free radical character that carries a functional group . This group can be used to couple the probe to another molecule, e.g. a biomolecule . Electron spin resonance can be employed to quantify the probe s concentration. See also Spin label DEFAULTSORT Spin Probe Category Molecular physics Chem stub Atomic physics stub ... more details
Unreferenced date April 2011 The neutron number , symbol N , is the number of neutron s in a nuclide . Atomic number proton number plus neutron number equals mass number Z N A . Neutron number is rarely written explicitly in nuclide symbol notation, but appears as a subscript to the left of the element symbol. In order of increasing explicitness and decreasing frequency of usage class wikitable border 0 style height 2em Element Element2 link yes Carbon style height 2em Isotope Nuclide SimpleNuclide2 link yes Carbon 14 style height 2em With atomic number Nuclide2 link yes Carbon 14 style height 2em With neutron number ComplexNuclide2 link yes Carbon 14 Nuclides that have the same neutron number but a different proton number are called isotone s. This word was formed by replacing the p in isotope with n for neutron. Nuclides that have the same mass number are called isobar nuclide isobar s. Chemical properties are primarily determined by proton number, which determines which chemical element the nuclide is a member of neutron number has only isotopomer a slight influence . Neutron number is primarily of interest for nuclear properties. For example, actinide s with odd neutron number are usually fissile fissionable with slow neutron s while actinides with even neutron number are usually not fissile but are fissionable with fast neutron s . Only Isotope Even and odd 58 stable nuclides have odd neutron number, compared to 200 with even neutron number. No odd neutron number isotope is the List of elements by stability of isotopes most naturally abundant isotope in its element, except for beryllium 9 which is the only stable beryllium isotope, nitrogen 14 , and platinum 195. Category Nuclear physics it Numero neutronico ka th ... more details
Unreferenced date March 2009 Neutron economy is defined as the ratio of an adjoint weighted average of the excess neutron production divided by an adjoint weighted average of the Nuclear fission fission production. The distribution of neutron energies in a nuclear reactor differs from the fission neutron spectrum due to the slowing down of neutrons in elastic and inelastic collisions with fuel, coolant and construction material. Neutrons slow down in elastic and inelastic collisions, until they are absorbed via Neutron capture or lost by leakage. Neutron economy is the balanced account, in a reactor, of the neutrons created and the neutrons lost through absorption by non fuel elements, resonance absorption by fuel, and leakage while fast and thermal energy ranges. The quantity that indicates how much the neutron economy is out of balance is given the term Reactivity . If a reactor is exactly critical mass nuclear critical that is, the neutron production is exactly equal to neutron destruction then the reactivity is zero. If the reactivity is positive then the reactor is critical mass nuclear supercritical . If the reactivity is negative then the reactor is critical mass nuclear subcritical . However the term neutron economy is used not just for the instantaneous reactivity of a reactor but also to describe the overall efficiency of a nuclear reactor design. Category Neutron Economy Category Nuclear technology nuclear stub ... more details
Infobox musical artist name Neutron and Star image Do not insert copyrighted images. See WP IUP caption Alan from Neutron and Star photographed in West London, England. image size background non performing personnel birth name Alan J. Stott origin London , United Kingdom UK genre Vocal house years active 2003 present label Amor Digital br SPM Management br NOYS br Massive Trax br Red Force Recordings br Natlife Recordings website http www.neutronandstar.com www.neutronandstar.com Overview Neutron and Star , also known as Seventh Heaven musician Seventh Heaven consists of producer writer Alan Stott and vocalist writer Lucy Clarke who are British musicians . In early 2006 Alan also formed the record label Amor Digital as an outsource for his own releases and other artists. Music videos Neutron and Star Believe Neutron and Star Just Let Go Discography Singles Seventh Heaven Broken Seventh Heaven Illacrimo Mike Koglin vs Seventh Heaven Sanctuary Mike Koglin vs Seventh Heaven Calling You Seventh ... Neutron and Star Starburst Neutron and Star Singularity Neutron and Star The First Time Neutron and Star Flux Neutron and Star Live Forever Neutron and Star Spider Web Neutron and Star Lust Upcoming tracks Neutron and Star Believe Original mix Mike Koglin remix Corderoy remix Natlife remix Alphadelta remix Neutron and Star Losing You remixes unknown Neutron and Star Time Original mix Sunset mix Corderoy remix Natlife remix Neutron and Star Just Let Go Original mix Sunset mix Corderoy remix Natlife remix Neutron and Star When I Dream Neutron and Star Living For The Moment Original mix Alan ... remix Steve Morley Crossroads Heaven and Miles remix The Killers Mr Brightside Neutron and Star remix Cascada What Do You Want Neutron and Star remix Coast 2 Coast Home Neutron and Star remix External links http www.facebook.com NeutronAndStar Neutron and Star Official Facebook artist page http www.trackitdown.net recordlabel 101923 amor digital.html Amor Digital Neutron and Star on trackitdown.net ... more details
Refimprove date July 2008 The neutron flux is a quantity used in nuclear reactor nuclear reactor physics physics corresponding to the total length travelled by all neutrons per unit time and volume ref name Stammler Rudi J. J. Stamm ler, M ximo Julio Abbate, Methods of steady state reactor physics in nuclear design ref . The neutron fluence is defined as the neutron flux integral integrated over a certain time period. Natural neutron flux Neutron flux in asymptotic giant branch star s and in supernova e is responsible for most of the natural nucleosynthesis producing Chemical element element s heavier than iron . In stars there is a relatively low neutron flux on the order of 10 font size 1 sup 5 sup font to 10 font size 1 sup 11 sup font neutrons per cm font size 1 sup 2 sup font per second, resulting in nucleosynthesis by the s process Neutron temperature slow neutron capture process . By contrast, after a core collapse supernova, there is an extremely high neutron flux, on the order of 10 font size 1 sup 22 sup font neutrons per cm font size 1 font per second, resulting in nucleosynthesis by the r process Neutron temperature rapid neutron capture process . Artificial neutron flux Artificial neutron flux refers to neutron flux which is man made, either as byproducts from weapons or nuclear energy production or for specific application such as from a research reactor or by spallation ... nuclei. The additional neutron s may cause the nucleus to become unstable, causing it to decay split ... a nuclear fission reactor the neutron flux is primarily the form of measurement used to control ... as it moves around the reactor. Typically the strongest neutron flux occurs in the middle of the reactor core, becoming lower toward the edges. The higher the neutron flux the greater the chance ... See also Neutron radiation Neutron transport Fusion power Use dmy dates date September 2010 DEFAULTSORT Neutron Flux Category Neutron Flux de Neutronenfluss fr Flux neutronique hu Neutronfluxus ja ... more details
lead too short date June 2010 Neutron radiation is a kind of ionizing radiation which consists of free neutron s. A result of nuclear fission or nuclear fusion , it consists of the release of free neutrons ... Neutron source See also Category Neutron sources Neutron s may be emitted from nuclear fusion or nuclear ... or reactions from particle interactions such as from cosmic rays or particle accelerators . Large neutron ... accelerators such as the Spallation Neutron Source . Neutron radiation was discovered as a result ... into a carbon atomic nucleus nucleus and emitting a neutron , Beryllium Be alpha particle , neutron ... , neutron n cross section physics nuclear reaction probability is still a common neutron source. Uses Neutron temperature Cold , thermal and hot neutron radiation is most commonly used for neutron scattering scattering and neutron diffraction diffraction experiments in order to assess the properties ... state chemistry , materials science , geology , mineralogy and related sciences. Neutron radiation is also used in select facilities to Boron Neutron Capture Therapy treat cancerous tumors due to its ... of industrial parts termed neutron radiography when using film, neutron radioscopy when taking a digital image, such as through image plates, and neutron tomography for three dimensional images. Neutron ... reliability explosives industry. Ionization mechanisms and properties Neutron radiation is often ..., neutron interactions are largely ionizing, for example when neutron absorption results in gamma ... from a neutron interaction is ionized and causes more traditional subsequent ionization in other ... may be more penetrating than a high energy neutron. Health hazards and protection In health physics neutron radiation is considered a fourth radiation hazard alongside the other types of radiation. Another, sometimes more severe hazard of neutron radiation, is neutron activation , the ability of neutron ... the hardware must be replaced and disposed of as low level radioactive waste . Neutron radiation ... more details
Solar probe can refer to the NASA Solar Probe mission now named Solar Probe List of planetary probes , which includes many solar probes disamb Short pages monitor This long comment was added to the page to prevent it being listed on Special Shortpages. It and the accompanying monitoring template were generated via Template Longcomment. Please do not remove the monitor template without removing the comment as well. ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 In molecular biology , a hybridization probe is a fragment of DNA or RNA of variable length usually 100 1000 bases long , which is used in DNA or RNA samples to detect the presence of nucleotide sequences the DNA target that are Complementarity molecular biology complementary to the sequence in the probe. The probe thereby hybridizes to single stranded nucleic acid DNA or RNA whose base sequence allows probe target base pair ing due to complementarity between the probe and target. The labeled probe is first denaturation biochemistry denatured by heating or under alkaline conditions such as exposure to sodium hydroxide into single stranded DNA ssDNA and then hybridized to the target ssDNA Southern blot ting or RNA northern blot ting immobilized on a membrane or fluorescent in situ hybridization in situ . To detect Nucleic acid hybridization hybridization of the probe to its target sequence, the probe is tagged or labelled with a molecular marker of either radioactive or more recently fluorescent molecules commonly used markers are Isotopes of phosphorus sup 32 sup P a radioactive isotope of phosphorus incorporated into the phosphodiester bond in the probe DNA or Digoxigenin , which is non radioactive antibody based marker. DNA sequences or RNA transcripts that have moderate to high sequence similarity to the probe are then detected by visualizing the hybridized probe via autoradiography or other imaging techniques. Normally, either ... on the nucleic acid methods method the probe may be oligonucleotide synthesis synthesized using ... cloning cloning older methods . In order to increase the in vivo stability of the probe RNA ... LNA Locked nucleic acid Locked Nucleic Acid probes Cycling probe technology Cycling Probe Technology ..., all of which are widely used as part of DNA profiling analysis. DEFAULTSORT Hybridization Probe Category ... it Probe pt Sonda gen tica ru sv Hybridiseringssond vi Probe zh ... more details
Multiple issues wikify March 2012 orphan February 2009 unreferenced July 2007 A soft probe is a confirmation method used by bank s to verify funding for a seller from a buyer, conducted by the seller s bank to the buyer s bank. Such a probe is not recorded in the buyer s banking information, and usually nothing but confirmation or lack of confirmation is recorded by the seller. Category Banking finance stub ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2007 File Probe card.JPG thumb A probe card is an interface between an electronic test system and a semiconductor Wafer electronics wafer . Typically the probe card is mechanically ... will typically require a new probe card for each new device wafer and for device shrinks when the manufacture reduces the size of the device but keep the functions the same because the probe ... alloys or many types of solders such as lead tin, tin silver and others. The probe card must make good ... is complete, the prober will index the wafer to the next device to be tested. Probe cards ... advanced technology currently available. The most advanced type of probe card currently can test an entire 12 wafer with one touchdown. Normally a probe card is inserted into an equipment called ... be a precise contact between the probe card and wafer. Once the probe card and the wafer is loaded, a camera in the prober will optically locate several tips on the probe card and several marks ... to the probe card contacts. Probe card efficiency is affected by many factors. Perhaps the most important factor impacting probe card efficiency is the number of DUTs that can be tested in parallel. Many ... or roughly 3 hours. If however, the probe card and the tester could test 16 devices in parallel ... times. Note that because now the probe card has 16 devices, as the prober touches down on the round ... as fast to test one wafer. Another major factor is debris that accumulates on the tips of the probe needles. Normally these are made of tungsten or a tungsten rhenium alloy although modern probe cards often have contact tips manufactured by MEMS technologies. Irrespective of the probe tip material, contamination builds up on the tips as a result of successive touch down events where the probe tips ... on the critical measurement of contact resistance. To return a used probe card to a contact resistance that is acceptable the probe tips need to be thoroughly cleaned. Cleaning can be done offline using ... more details
class wikitable align right Neutron emitters to left of lower dashed line Isotones 2 0 Isotones 1 0 Isotones 0 0 Isotones 1 0 Isotones 2 0 Isotones 3 0 Isotones 4 0 Isotones 5 0 Isotones 6 0 Isotones 7 0 Isotones 8 0 Isotones 9 0 Isotones 10 0 Isotones 11 0 Isotones 12 0 Isotones 13 0 Isotones 14 0 Neutron emission is a type of radioactive decay of atoms containing excess neutron s, in which a neutron is simply ejected from the nucleus. Two examples of isotopes which emit neutrons are helium 5 and beryllium 13 . However, the decay of helium 5 is also by definition a case of alpha decay. Many heavy isotopes, most notably californium 252 , emit neutrons among the products of a different radioactive decay process, spontaneous fission . Neutrons are absorbed and emitted in the process of nuclear fission , a nuclear chain reaction propagated by neutrons. Delayed neutron s emitted by neutron rich fission product s aid control of nuclear reactor s by making reactivity change much slower than it would be for prompt neutron s alone. See also Neutron radiation External links Image Ndslivechart.png http www nds.iaea.org livechart The LIVEChart of Nuclides IAEA with filter on delayed neutron emission decay, in http www nds.iaea.org livechart Java or http www nds.iaea.org relnsd vcharthtml VChartHTML.html HTML Image Queryensdf.jpg 45 px http www nds.iaea.org queryensdf Nuclear Structure and Decay Data IAEA with query on Neutron Separation Energy nuclear stub Nuclear processes Category Nuclear physics Category Radioactivity Category Neutron Emission ca Emissi de neutrons de Neutronenemission fr mission de neutron ja ko pl Emisja neutronu sv Neutronemission tr N tron emisyonu zh ar ... more details
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