This is a partial list of newsgroups that are significant for their popularity or their position in Usenet history. As of October 2002 , there are about 100,000 Usenet newsgroup s, of which approximately a fifth are active. Citation needed date February 2007 This number varies, depending on the news server carrying the newsgroups. The Big 8 hierarchies These are the most widely distributed and carefully controlled newsgroup hierarchies. See Big 8 Usenet and the Great Renaming for more information. comp See also comp. hierarchy Computer related topics. humanities Topics related to the humanities fine arts, literature, philosophy, Classical Latin , etc. . misc Miscellaneous topics. Examples include misc.legal.moderated A moderated legal forum. misc.taxes.moderated &mdash A moderated professional tax forum open to the general public. news Matters related to the functioning of Usenet itself. Examples include news.admin.net abuse.blocklisting &mdash discussion related to the use of blocklists to deal with spam and other unwanted network traffic. news.admin.net abuse.email &mdash discussion of abuse of email by spammers and other parties. rec Recreation and entertainment topics. Examples include rec.arts.movies.current films The latest movie releases. rec.arts.movies.past films Past films. rec.arts.sf.tv Discussing general television SF i.e. science fiction , or speculative fiction . rec.arts.sf.tv.babylon5.moderated &mdash discussion of Babylon 5 and other projects of J. Michael Straczynski . rec.arts.tv Television, its history, and past and current shows, i.e. the main television ... &mdash Spider Robinson s Callahan s Place online alt.config &mdash creation of new newsgroups in the Alt ... zine s . Other newsgroups These newsgroups fall outside of the official Big 8 Usenet Big 8 hierarchies , as well as the less formal alt. hierarchy alt hierarchy . Other newsgroups can consist ... List Of Newsgroups Category Newsgroups ... more details
There are several newsgroup s relevant for discussions about cryptography and related issues. news sci.crypt sci.crypt &mdash an unmoderated forum for discussions on technical aspects of cryptography . news sci.crypt.research sci.crypt.research &mdash a similar, Usenet newsgroup Moderated newsgroups moderated group, focusing on research into cryptography. It was founded based on a charter by Peter Gutmann computer scientist Peter Gutmann . news sci.crypt.random numbers sci.crypt.random numbers &mdash discuss Cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator generation of cryptographically secure random number s. news talk.politics.crypto talk.politics.crypto &mdash discussions of the relationship between cryptography and government. The original charter was by D.J. Silverton. news alt.security.pgp alt.security.pgp &mdash discussion of Pretty Good Privacy PGP and related software. sci.crypt In 1995, Bruce Schneier commented, It is read by an estimated 100,000 people worldwide. Most of the posts are nonsense, bickering, or both some are political, and most of the rest are requests for information or basic questions. Occasionally nuggets of new and useful information are posted to this newsgroup. Practical Cryptography Less mathematical Applied Cryptography , 2nd ed, pages 608 609 . Leaked descriptions of secret algorithms have been posted to the Internet via sci.crypt, for example RC2 , RC4 cipher RC4 and Khufu and Khafre . Others have been hoaxes Iraqi block cipher and S 1 block cipher S 1 , the latter an alleged description of the then secret Skipjack cipher Skipjack cipher. The group is also the origin of the term, Rubber hose cryptanalysis . External links http www.alt security keydist.info newsgroups Newsgroups for cryptography http www.faqs.org faqs cryptography faq sci.crypt Frequently Asked Questions crypto stub Category Cryptography journals Category Sci. hierarchy fr Groupes de discussion sur la cryptologie ... more details
Mozilla Mail & Newsgroups also referred to as Mozilla Mail News or simply Mozilla Mail is an e mail client e mail and news client that is part of the Mozilla Application Suite . Mozilla Mail & Newsgroups features e.g. support for relevant protocols such as Internet Message Access Protocol IMAP , Post Office Protocol POP3 and Simple Mail Transfer Protocol SMTP , a built in Bayesian spam filter , support for multiple accounts, etc. The feature set is mostly comparable with that of the stand alone alternative, Mozilla Thunderbird . This is because the two applications share the same codebase for most things except the user interface . Mozilla Application Suite has been superseded by SeaMonkey and the email and news client is now SeaMonkey Mail & Newsgroups. A re packaged version of Mozilla Mail and Newsgroups was also included in Netscape versions 6 and 7, known as Netscape Mail & Newsgroups , and also appears in Classilla . See also List of news clients Mozilla Thunderbird External links http mozilla.org products mozilla1.x Mozilla Suite homepage http www.mozilla.org mailnews Mozilla Mail News E mail clients network software stub Category Mozilla Application Suite Category Free Usenet clients Category Windows email clients Category Linux email clients Category Mac OS X email clients Category Free email software cs SeaMonkey Po ta ... more details
of Mozilla Mail and Newsgroups has now been continued as SeaMonkey SeaMonkey Mail and Newsgroups . Re ... also Netscape Messenger 9 Mozilla Mail & Newsgroups Netscape 7 Netscape web browser SeaMonkey References ... clients Category Mac OS email clients Category Mac OS X email clients pt Netscape Mail & Newsgroups zh Netscape Mail & Newsgroups ... more details
lowercase sci. hierarchy The sci. hierarchy is a major class of newsgroup s in Usenet , containing all newsgroups whose name begins with sci. , organized hierarchically. sci. groups discuss various scientific and research issues. List of sci. groups cellspacing 1 cellpadding 1 border 0 width 100 bgcolor CCCCCC Newsgroup Topic sci.astro astronomy sci.chem chemistry sci.crypt cryptography sci.fractals fractal s and chaos theory sci.geo.earthquakes earthquake s, volcano es, tsunami s, and other geology geological and seismology seismic events sci.geo.geology geology sci.geo.meteorology meteorology and weather phenomena sci.lang language s and linguistics sci.logic logic and mathematical logic sci.math mathematics from arithmetic to high level calculus sci.optics optics and light sciences sci.optics.fiber fiber optics sci.physics physics sci.physics.electromag electromagnetic phenomena sci.physics.relativity Theory of relativity sci.space.policy General spaceflight and space policy Expand list date August 2008 See also List of newsgroups Category Big 8 Usenet Category Internet related lists Newsgroups Category 1987 establishments Category sci. hierarchy ... more details
Wiktionary Newsreader can refer to Newsreader Usenet , a computer program for reading Usenet newsgroups News presenter , a person that presents a news show on television, radio or the Internet News aggregator , a computer program for syndicated Web content supplied in the form of a web feed disambig id Pembaca berita nl Newsreader ... more details
be confusing to some, because it is usually a discussion group . Newsgroups are technically distinct ... Newsreader software is used to read newsgroups. Newsgroups are much like the public message boards ... providers blocking access to Usenet see main article , newsgroups continue to be widely used. Citation needed date April 2011 Types of newsgroupsNewsgroups generally come in either of two types, binary ... such as animal husbandry, pole vaulting, or glockenspiel MIDI files . Some newsgroups allow the posting .... Some admins keep articles in local or technical newsgroups around longer than articles in other newsgroups. Back when the early community was the pioneering computer society, the common habit seen ... or phishing issues. There are currently well over 100,000 Usenet newsgroups, but only 20,000 or so of those are active. Citation needed date June 2010 Newsgroups vary in popularity, with some newsgroups only getting a few posts a month while others get several hundred and in a few cases a couple of thousand messages a day. Non Usenet newsgroups are possible and do occur, as private individuals or organizations set up their own NNTP servers. Examples include the newsgroups Microsoft runs ... . Binary newsgroups While newsgroups were not created with the intention of distributing binary files ... of other people to share files. In fact, this is another benefit of newsgroups it is usually ... of files per day. There are two main issues that pose problems for transmitting binary files over newsgroups ... of keeping an index of the files posted to binary newsgroups. Major NSPs have a retention time ... locations around the world. Moderated newsgroups A moderated newsgroup has one or more individuals ... moderated newsgroups appeared in 1984 under mod. according to RFC 2235, Hobbes Internet Timeline . How newsgroups work Newsgroup servers are hosted by various organizations and institutions. Most Internet ... those servers to servers that they are connected to, and so on. For newsgroups that are not widely ... more details
so. In practice, however, most newsgroups follow an informal procedure involving a public discussion ... of practice most news administrators do not remove newsgroups. Origin The birth of the alt. hierarchy ... hubs in the distribution chain of most of the newsgroup postings. Their effort to change the way newsgroups ... u ui alt.htm Alt Hierarchy History Brian Reid, Usenet Newsgroups, Backbone Administrators ... for a wide variety of things that did not fit elsewhere. In particular, there are many alt.fan newsgroups ... or more newsgroups covering sex ual topics in the Big Seven including the existing rec.arts.erotica ... are free to add any or all of the alt.sex. newsgroups without having to worry about conflicting with the Big Seven. Likewise, any and all of the alt.binaries. newsgroups can be accepted or rejected ... successful on their own. A number of newsgroups have taken advantage of the freedom of the alt. hierarchy to create a number of newsgroups that specialize on certain topics, as opposed to the broader ... movie discussion newsgroups rec.arts.movies.current films , rec.arts.movies.past films , and rec.arts.movies.reviews ... English , which implies that the preferred character set encoding for these newsgroups is ASCII . Other ... created their own versions, prefixing the newsgroups names with their own name in a similar way. Messages ... point of no return. See also List of newsgroups References reflist External links http nylon.net ... Category Internet related lists Newsgroups Category 1987 establishments es Jerarqu a alt. ... more details
Electronic messaging may refer to One to One communication Instant message on a computer network Personal message on a computer network Text message on a cellular phone network SMTP on a computer network Email on a computer Network Voicemail using the PSTN Fax using the PSTN Pager using the PSTN One to Many communication Bulletin board system on a computer network Internet forum on a computer network Internet Newsgroups on the Usenet on a computer network disambig ... more details
message is indicated in the code Newsgroups code line. Most commonly, just one newsgroup is specified. For example code Newsgroups sci.space code However it is possible to specify that the message is intended for more than one newsgroup. code Newsgroups sci.space,comp.simulation code In this case, the message will be visible both in the code sci.space code and code comp.simulation code newsgroups ..., than if individual messages had been posted to multiple newsgroups. Usenet reader software can ... can occur between readers of the multiple newsgroups without any confusion, so long as nobody breaks the thread by changing the groups they post their reply to. This enables readers of one of the newsgroups ... that answers to his post should be posted to another set of newsgroups than those listed by the code Newsgroups code line. It avoids the fragmentation of replies which tends to occur with multiposted ... newsgroups whose readers are likely to have violently differing opinions, in the hope of provoking ... of newsgroups is likely to be counterproductive. A commonly suggested limit is three newsgroups. Some NNTP servers drop posts which are crossposted to more than a set number of newsgroups, especially ... more details
. Moderated See also List of newsgroups External links http groups.google.com groups dir?lnk srgmt&q ... newsgroup hierarchy comp the comp. hierarchy at Giganews Category Internet related lists Newsgroups ... more details
14 characters of all newsgroups be unique. With this added flexibility and transparency ... newsgroups into the talk. hierarchy, so that they would not be objected to by their supervisors. ref name livinginternet.com These newsgroups were categorized into a series of hierarchy hierarchies , to make it easier for newsgroups to be created and distributed. The original hierarchies were comp. , misc ... 8 Usenet Big Seven , were open and free for anyone to participate in except for the moderated newsgroups ... more details
The Neoca 2S is a 35mm rangefinder camera made in Japan in 1955 and 1956. It has a dual stroke advance lever and a central shutter neither feature is typical for this kind of camera. The lens is a Neokor anastigmat f 45mm 3.5. Shutter speeds are B and 1 sec to 1 300s. Depth of field is indicated on the lens barrel. The distance scale is in metres. It has no exposure meter. Users on internet newsgroups report the camera scratches their film. External links http www.mediajoy.com en cla came neoca2s index.html Mediajoy s Guide to Classic Cameras Category Rangefinder cameras From Camerapedia Neoca 2S 25 July 2008 ... more details
Multiple issues refimprove September 2009 notability September 2009 lowercase title alt.gothic alt.gothic is a popular Usenet newsgroup group mainly frequented by Goth subculture goth s. It is the canonical net.goth forum, and the birthplace of Convergence goth festival Convergence . References in Media Spooner and McEvoy ref Citation title The Routledge companion to Gothic author Catherine Spooner Ph. D , Emma McEvoy publisher Taylor & Francis Group year 2007 url http books.google.com books?id plqG9eAf8eYC&printsec frontcover v onepage&q&f false accessdate 2010 09 14 ref describes alt.gothic as a way for the Net.goth community to be able to truly be themselves. External links http altgothic.com Altgothic.com References reflist DEFAULTSORT Alt.Gothic Category Goth subculture Category Newsgroups Internet stub ... more details
Multiple issues orphan January 2012 notability December 2011 unreferenced December 2011 advert January 2012 Netizen Sentiment Index abbreviated NSI, Chinese is a reflective index in tracking sentiments of netizen s through their activities of engagement on the on line platform, especially in consumers generated media, e.g. on line forums, newsgroups and blogs. NSI is used to record and monitor changes of netizen s sentiments over time and is an important indicator for marketer s or Public relations PRs in understanding the most up to date netizen s feelings and or degree of optimism towards a particular brand, campaign or even a single incident or a person. Application NSI was first introduced in November 2011 for political use http www.NSI.hk www.NSI.hk . External links http www.NSI.hk www.NSI.hk Category Information society ... more details
Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions MIME types and were popular in Minuet s days. NewsgroupsNewsgroups ... to download the whole newsgroups file, which even then included thousands of newsgroups. Instead, a Perl server was contacted to search for interesting newsgroups. This cut down the newsgroup searching ... more details
requests In most cases, the sending server controls the article transfer process. It compares the Newsgroups ... each remote server and the newsgroups its operator wishes to receive. Some senders also examine ... also maintain a list of active newsgroups. If the Newsgroups header of a new article does not match ... lines are given special handling. They are typically filed in special control newsgroups and may ... can cause newsgroups to be created or removed checkgroups can be used to reconcile the local active ... of server must perform the additional steps of filing articles into newsgroups and assigning sequential ... more details
Notability date June 2011 Primary sources date June 2011 Infobox software name Grabit logo Image grabitlogo.png 48px Juice icon screenshot Image grabitmain.png 250px caption Grabit 1.62 running on Windows XP developer Ilan Shemes latest release version 1.7.2 Beta 6 latest release date release date 2011 10 01 operating system Microsoft Windows genre News client licence Closed source website http www.shemes.com www.shemes.com GrabIt is a Microsoft Windows Windows based freeware news client newsreader programmed and developed by Ilan Shemes. History Ilan Shemes has been making GrabIt changes since the program has been introduced. SSL support was introduced in version 1.7.2 Beta. Uses The GrabIt program is solely used to read and download binaries from usenet newsgroups . Features GrabIt has Yenc and NZB support and can have up to 50 simultaneous connections. cn date January 2012 GrabIt is one of the few newsreaders to include a search function. This search function searches all of the newsgroups on the Shemes news service. This is beneficial for the user wanting to find a certain binary or article. The downside to the search is that a user can only do a fixed amount of searches without being subscribed to Shemes news service. Also the queries returned will be those listed in the Shemes service and not necessarily of the user s service. As of GrabIt Beta 1.7.2 Beta 3 SSL encryption is now supported. External links http www.shemes.com Homepage of GrabIt http www.slyck.com grabit.php Slyck s Guide to Grabit Category Usenet clients Category Windows only freeware fr GrabIt ... more details
Original research date August 2011 Orphan date September 2010 Usenet , a worldwide distributed Internet discussion system, can be accessed through Web browser s as well as through dedicated news clients. Introduction Usenet newsgroups are traditionally accessed by a newsreader Usenet newsreader . The user must obtain a news server account and a newsgroup reader. With Web based Usenet, all of the technical aspects of setting up an account and retrieving content are alleviated by allowing access with one account. The content is made available for viewing via any Web browser. Setup and access The browser interface offered by Web based Usenet providers is typically known as a Usenet browser. All of the content is already compiled and ready for viewing. Normally, they will have a thumbnail format for their images and videos to make browsing much faster and simpler. Typically, there is no setup for Web based Usenet. It is as easy as navigating through a browser to the provider s Web site. Web based Usenet is especially useful for those who have access to the internet but do not have, or do not know how to set up, a traditional newsreader Usenet newsreader . Web based popularity Google Groups is the most popular and by far the largest Web based Usenet archive, Citation needed date August 2011 with terabytes of archived content, consisting of over 700 million posts dating from as early as 1981. ref Cite web url http www.readwriteweb.com archives google fixes usenet archive old geeks rejoice.php title news Google Fixes Usenet Archive Old Geeks Rejoice ref Many other websites have started offering access to newsgroups through a Web browser. References Reflist 1 Category Usenet Category Usenet clients Category Usenet free posting ... more details
wiktionarypar correspondence Correspondence may refer to In general usage, non concurrent, remote communication between people, including letter message letter s, email , newsgroups , Internet forums , blogs Correspondence theory of truth philosophy , a theory in epistemology Correspondence principle physics , that theories must agree with experimental evidence Correspondence theology , the relationship between spiritual and physical realities Correspondence mathematics , several related meanings Correspondence analysis , a multivariate statistical technique Correspondence problem computer vision , finding depth information in stereography Regular sound correspondence linguistics , see Comparative method Correspondence rules quantum mechanics Correspondence chess played between different geographical locations Correspondence course, a distant education method Correspondence album , a 1983 studio album by singer and musician Peter Godwin disambig de Korrespondenz Begriffskl rung eo Korespondo eu Korrespondentzia argipena io Korespondo it Corrispondenza nn Korrespondanse sk Kore pondencia sv Korrespondens ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 Completion rates measure the useful transmission of complete binary file s across newsgroup s. Newsgroups function by a large computer network network of Server computing server s which regularly synchronize posts with each other. Each time a post is transferred between news server s there is a chance that it will be dropped. There are many possible causes for a dropped post, such as high network traffic and dropped packet s. If even a single post is dropped from a large file then the entire file will become useless. To combat this, parchive par file s were created. Many Internet Service Providers ISP News Servers do not have a link into the Internet backbone of the internal news network. They often suffer from resulting low completion rates. DEFAULTSORT Completion Rate Category Usenet Compu network stub ... more details
A community of circumstance is similar to a community of practice , except that it is driven by position, circumstance or life experiences rather than a shared interest ref Marsh G. The community of circumstance a tale of three cities community participation in St Kilda, Knox, and Lewisham. In Chekki DA, ed. Research in community sociology. Vol 9. Varieties of community sociology. Greenwich, CT Jai Press, 1999, pp. 65 88. ref . Examples might include cancer sufferers using a support newsgroup or the members of gay lesbian newsgroups. A Prison or other correctional facility can be thought of as a community of circumstance passengers of the same plane form a temporary community of circumstance as well. References references Related to Community of action Community of inquiry Community of interest Community of place Community of position Community of practice Community of purpose External links http www.dcita.gov.au data assets pdf file 23681 Depressionet.pdf DepressionNET a web based community of circumstance for people living with depression Category Types of communities it Comunit di circostanza ... more details
lowercase title alt.horology The alt.horology Usenet newsgroup concerns all aspects of horology the science of time and timekeeping , clocks and watches . Those posting to it range from novices to collectors to professional watchmakers and clockmakers . Origin This newsgroup was started by Ian Crocker in the United Kingdom during November 1994, as a response to the absence of any newsgroup covering this subject at the time. Early objections to this newsgroup noted that the rec.antiques or sci.physics discussion could support horology discussions, but the creation of alt.horology prevailed. The original intent was only to support the discussion of clocks, watches and time measuring devices. ref cite web url http www.ubr.com clocks newsgrp althor.html title alt.horology Newsgroup accessdate 2008 02 10 publisher UBR, Inc. year 2007 ref Since 1994 the newsgroup has experienced increased activity each year, and now serves as the only active newsgroup and reliable Usenet source of information on horology , watches , and clocks . References Reflist Category Newsgroups Category Horology ... more details
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