In linguistic typology , a nullsubjectlanguage is a language whose grammar permits an independent clause to lack an explicit subject grammar subject . Such a clause is then said to have a nullsubject . Typically, nullsubject languages express Grammatical person person , Grammatical number number ... part are nullsubject languages, from a wide diversity of unrelated language family language families ... subject without particular emphasis, would sound awkward or unnatural. Most Bantu language s are null ... language Arabic language Arabic is considered a nullsubjectlanguage, as demonstrated by the following ... language Japanese language Japanese and several other nullsubject languages are topic prominent ..., rendering a subject noun phrase redundant. In the principles and parameters framework, the nullsubject is controlled by the pro drop parameter , which is either on or off for a particular language. For example, in Italian language Italian the subject she can be either explicit or implicit ... of government and binding theory of syntax , the term nullsubject refers to an empty ... pro drop languages are nullsubject languages, not all nullsubject languages are pro drop. In null ... the I . As the examples illustrate, in many nullsubject languages, personal pronoun ... so, sentences with a nullsubject are used more frequently than sentences with a subject. In some ... subjects in non nullsubject languages Other languages sometimes called non nullsubject languages ... in such non nullsubject languages as English, it is standard for clauses in the imperative mood to lack ... status, which is usually related to nullsubject or non nullsubject status. DEFAULTSORT Nullsubject ... . Non vuole mangiare. lit. Subject grammar Subject not want to eat, She does not want to eat. The subject she of the second sentence is only implied in Italian. English language English and French language French , on the other hand, require an explicit subject in this sentence. PLEASE DISCUSS ON TALK ... more details
In computing Null SQL , a special marker and keyword in SQL Null character , the zero valued ASCII character, also designated by tt NUL tt , often used as a terminator, separator or filler Null device , a special computer file that discards all data written to it Null modem , a specially wired serial communications cable Null object pattern , a software design pattern using an object with defined neutral behavior Null pointer sometimes written code NULL code , used in computer programming for an uninitialized, undefined, empty, or meaningless value Null string , the unique string of length zero in computer science and formal language theory Null terminated string , a character string of which the length is determined by the first null character in programming language C and related languages ... to be set to the special value NULL In art KK Null , a Japanese musician Null, an identity of the character ... video game Null, man eating sentients in the Downs Lord Triptich books by John Whitbourn Null, the Living ... program ReBoot In mathematics Null mathematics , a zero value in several branches of mathematics Null set , a set that is negligible in some sense Also an older term for the empty set In science Null allele genetics Null cipher , a ciphertext symbol Null hypothesis , a concept in statistical hypothesis testing Null morpheme , a concept in linguistics Null radio , a concept in electromagnetism Null result , the absence of a hypothesized effect in the outcome of a scientific experiment causal structure Tangent vectors Null vectors or curves in the causal structure of a Lorentzian manifold such as a Minkowski space time People Christopher Null , American film critic Eduard van der N ll , Austrian architect Gary Null , American radio host and author on alternative medicine Keith Null , American football player KK Null , Japanese experimental multi instrumentalist musician Other Null and void , having no legal validity The Null Corporation , the current imprint for Nine Inch Nails ... more details
Wiktionary subjectSubject Latin subiectus lying beneath may refer to Philosophy Hypokeimenon or subiectum , in metaphysics, the essential being of a thing Subject philosophy , a being that has subjective experiences, subjective consciousness, or a relationship with another entity Subject object problem , the issue of how actors or observers relate to things that are observed or acted upon Subject object based metaphysics , a term for the dominant view of metaphysics in Western philosophy Grammar in general use, any topic currently under consideration, see subject matter Subject grammar , who or what the sentence is about Subject case or nominative case, the grammatical case for a noun Subject term or index term, descriptor of a document used in bibliographic records Course education , a unit of academic instruction Research subject , an entity observed for purposes of research in computing Subjects programming , core elements in the subject oriented programming paradigm Subject access control Subject, an element in the Resource Description Framework in music theory, the first melodic fragment of a fugue People A subject is an individual subjected to the rule by an elite, see feudalism subjects in medieval feudalism, see Commoners subjects in modern constitutional monarchies, such as the United Kingdom, see British subject Library and Information Science Subject documents subject classification subject indexing subject searching Others Subject as a title or proper noun Subject album Subject album a 2003 album by Dwele See also Subject matter disambiguation Subjective disambiguation Disambig af Onderwerp cs Subjekt da Subjekt de Subjekt et Subjekt es Sujeto fa fr Sujet it Soggetto lt Subjektas nl Onderwerp ja no Subjekt ru sq Subjekti sk Subjekt sr fi Subjekti sv Subjekt uk ... more details
Other uses Null symbol disambiguation Null symbol In mathematics, the null sign , math varnothing math , denotes the empty set . It is derived from the Danish language Danish and Norwegian language Norwegian letter . Category Mathematical symbols ... more details
Null in database theory . Null is a special marker used in SQL Structured Query Language SQL to indicate ... Null is passed. Data Manipulation Language SQL three valued logic is encountered in Data Manipulation ... strings may be incorrectly stored as NULL. Criticisms The ISO SQL implementation of Null is the subject ... relational database model, Edgar F. Codd E. F. Codd , SQL Null serves to fulfill the requirement ... Greek omega symbol to represent Null in database theory . code NULL code is also an SQL reserved word reserved keyword used to identify the Null special marker. Null has been the focus of controversy ... into the relational model of databases. History Null was introduced by E. F. Codd as a method ... that all RDBMS support Null to indicate missing data in a two part series published in ComputerWorld ... tied to the concept of Null. The Unknown truth value is generated whenever Null is compared with any data value, or with another Null. Codd indicated in his 1990 book The Relational Model for Database Management, Version 2 that the single Null mandated by the SQL standard was inadequate, and should be replaced by two separate Null type markers to indicate the reason why data is missing. These two Null type markers are commonly referred to as A Values and I Values , representing Missing But Applicable ..., the idea of multiple Null type values has not gained widespread acceptance. Three valued logic 3VL Since Null is not a member of any data domain , it is not considered a value , but rather a marker or placeholder indicating the undefined value absence of value . Because of this, comparisons with Null ... to Null, is Unknown source lang sql SELECT 10 NULL Results in Unknown source However, certain operations on Null can return values if the value of Null is not relevant to the outcome of the operation ... circuited form source lang sql SELECT TRUE OR NULL Results in True source In this case, the fact ... with Null, so the SQL standard provides for two special Null specific comparison predicates. The code ... more details
Other uses Null disambiguation In mathematics , the word null from German language German null , which is from Latin nullus , both meaning zero , or none ref name oed cite journal title null journal The Oxford English Dictionary , Draft Revision March 2004 url http dictionary.oed.com year 2004 accessdate 2007 04 05 ref means of or related to having Empty set zero members in a set or a value of zero . Sometimes the symbol is used to distinguish null from 0 . In a norm mathematics normed vector space the null vector vector space null vector is the zero vector in a norm mathematics seminormed vector space such as Minkowski space Causal structure Minkowski space , null vectors are, in general, non zero. In set theory , the empty set null set is the set with zero elements and in measure theory , a null set is a set with zero measure. A function mathematics mathematical mapping is said to be null potent or nilpotent if repeated application can map the whole domain into the null element. A null space of a mapping is the part of the domain that is mapped into the null element of the image the inverse image of the null element . In statistics , a null hypothesis is a proposition presumed true unless statistical evidence indicates otherwise. References references Category Mathematical objects Category Nothing ... more details
In Unix like operating system s, tt dev null tt or the null device is a special file that discards all data written to it but reports that the write operation succeeded and provides no data to any process computing process that reads from it yielding end of file EOF immediately . ref name uxman http www.opengroup.org onlinepubs 000095399 basedefs xbd chap10.html Single Unix Specification Section 10.1 ref In programmer jargon , especially Unix jargon, it may also be called the bit bucket ref http catb.org esr jargon html B bit bucket.html Jargon file entry for bit bucket ref or Black hole networking black hole . Usage The null device is typically used for disposing of unwanted input output output ... input streams. This is usually done by Redirection computing redirection . tt dev null tt is a special ... of CP M , DOS and Microsoft Windows Windows , the tt Device Null tt or tt NUL tt of Windows NT ... Powershell , the equivalent is null. References in computer culture This entity is a common inspiration ... to tt dev null tt , my mail got archived in tt dev null tt , and redirect to tt dev null tt being ... Dev Team commonly uses the phrase send donations to dev null, meaning they do not accept donations. The fictitious person name Dave or Devin Null is sometimes similarly used e.g., send complaints to Dave Null . cn date September 2011 The null device is also a favorite subject of technical jokes, such as warning users that the system s tt dev null tt is already 98 full. The April Fool s , 1995 issue of the Germany German magazine c t reported on an enhanced tt dev null tt integrated circuit chip ... Write only memory References Reflist nulls DEFAULTSORT Dev Null Category Unix Category Device file Category Nothing Category File system directories ar dev null ca dev null de dev null es dev null fr dev null it dev null hu dev null nl dev null ja dev null nn dev null pl dev null pt dev null ru dev null simple dev null sk dev null sl dev null fi dev null sv dev null tr dev null zh dev null ... more details
Infobox book See Wikipedia WikiProject Novels or Wikipedia WikiProject Books name The World of Null A title orig translator image Image World A.jpg 200px image caption Cover of first edition hardcover author A. E. van Vogt illustrator cover artist Leo Manso country United States language English language English series genre Science fiction novel publisher Simon & Schuster release date 1948 english release date media type Print Hardcover & Paperback pages 246 pp isbn NA First edition published prior to ISBN standard preceded by followed by The Players of Null A The World of Null A , sometimes written The World of , is a 1948 in literature 1948 science fiction novel by A. E. van Vogt . It was originally published as a three part serial in Astounding Stories . It incorporates concepts from the General Semantics of Alfred Korzybski and refers to non Aristotelian logic . Plot summary Gilbert Gosseyn, a man living in an apparent utopia where those with superior understanding and mental control ... history The World of Null A appeared originally as a 1945 serial in the magazine Astounding magazine ... was the subject of an extended critical essay by noted author and critic Damon Knight . In Cosmic ... York Review of Science Fiction, March 2000, Number 139, Vol. 12, No.7 ref Sequels The World of Null A was followed by the sequels, The Pawns of Null A also known as The Players of Null A 1956 and Null ... Gosseyn, Null A Continuum , in the style of van Vogt. Related works on Flux 1991 by Peter Chung shares many motifs with The World of Null A . Citation needed date May 2011 References Reflist External links http www.conceptualfiction.com world of null a.html The World of Null A by A.E. van Vogt ... Summaries.html ThreeWorlds The Three Worlds of Null A by Isaac Wilcott Icshi , analyzing the three different publishings of The World of Null A not its sequels DEFAULTSORT World Of Null A Category 1948 ... in serial form de Welt der Null A fr Le Monde des it Non A nl Nul A trilogie ro Lumea non A ... more details
linguistics Morpheme based morphology morpheme based morphology , a null morpheme is a morpheme that is realized by a Phonology phonologically null affix an empty string of phonological segments . In simpler terms, a null morpheme is an invisible affix. It is also called a zero morpheme the process of adding a null morpheme is called null affixation , null derivation or zero derivation . The concept ... date December 2008 object to the notion of a null morpheme, arguing that it sets up an unverifiable distinction between a null or zero element, and nothing at all. The null morpheme is represented as either the figure zero 0 or the empty set symbol . Examples in English language English include Hiatus linguistics hiatus and co operation. The existence of a null morpheme in a word can also be theorized ... number of English noun s is shown by a null morpheme that contrasts with the plural morpheme ... where a null morpheme indicates plurality in nouns that take on irregular plurals. sheep sheep ROOT sheep SINGULAR sheep sheep ROOT sheep PLURAL Also, a null morpheme marks the present tense ... runs run s ROOT run PRESENT 3rd SINGULAR According to some linguists view, it is also a null morpheme that turns some English adjective s into verbs of the kind of to clean, to slow, to warm . Null ... in analytic language s such as English. In language s that show the above distinctions, it is quite common to employ null affixation not to mark singular number, present tense and third persons English is unusual in its marking of the third person singular with a non zero morpheme, by contrast with a null morpheme for others . It is also frequent to find null affixation for the least markedness marked grammatical case case s the nominative case in nominative accusative language s, and the absolutive case in ergative absolutive language s . In most languages of the world it is the affixes that are realized as null morphemes. But in some cases Root linguistics roots may also be realized as these. For instance ... more details
Other uses Null symbol disambiguation Null symbol The null character also null terminator , abbreviated ... Interchange section 5.2 quote NUL Null The all zeros character which may serve to accomplish time ... page 4.4 quote Position 0 0, Name Null, Abbreviation Nul ref It is present in many character set s, including ... Set or Unicode , and EBCDIC . It is available in nearly all mainstream programming language s. ref A byte with all bits set to 0, called the null character , shall exist in the basic execution character ... output devices, one or more null characters were sent at the end of each printed line to allow ... tape is initially filled with null characters, and often text could be inserted at a reserved space of null characters by punching the new characters into the tape over the nulls. Today the character has much more significance in C programming language C and its derivatives and in many data formats ... , ref A string is a contiguous sequence of characters terminated by and including the first null character ANSI ISO 9899 1990 the ANSI C standard , section 7.1.1 ref often called a null terminated string or ASCIIZ string. ref A null terminated byte string , or NTBS , is a character sequence whose highest addressed element with defined content has the value zero the terminating null character ... under null terminated string . Representation The null character is often represented as the escape ... representation code u0000 code , or code z code . A null character can be placed in a URL with code ... as null byte injection and can lead to security exploits. ref http projects.webappsec.org Null Byte Injection Null Byte Injection WASC Threat Classification Null Byte Attack section. ref In caret notation the null character is code code . On some keyboards, one can enter a null character by holding ... another key such as keypress 2 or keypress P . It is also common to be able to type a null ... the null character is sometimes represented as a single em typography em width symbol containing ... more details
infobox Book See Wikipedia WikiProject Novels or Wikipedia WikiProject Books name The Players of Null A title orig translator image image caption author A. E. van Vogt illustrator cover artist country United States language English language English series genre Science fiction novel publisher release date english release date media type pages isbn preceded by The World of Null A followed by Null A Three The Players of Null A , usually written The Players of , is a 1956 in literature 1956 science fiction novel by A. E. van Vogt originally published as a four part serial in Astounding Stories from October 1948 to January 1949 this leads to the mistaken idea that the book was published in 1948 due to the copyright notice . It incorporates concepts from the General semantics of Alfred Korzybski and refers to non Aristotelian logic . It was published in the UK under the name The Pawns of Null A . The novel is a continuation of the story of Gilbert Gosseyn from The World of Null A expanding on the galactic events which drove the interplanetary events of the earlier story. DEFAULTSORT Players of Null A Category 1956 novels Category General semantics Category Novels by A. E. van Vogt Category Sequel novels 1950s sf novel stub fr Les Joueurs du it Le pedine del Non A ro Juc torii non A ... more details
infobox Book See Wikipedia WikiProject Novels or Wikipedia WikiProject Books name Null A Three title orig translator image image caption author A. E. van Vogt illustrator cover artist country United States language English language English series genre Science fiction novel publisher release date english release date media type pages isbn preceded by The Players of Null A followed by Null A Three , usually written Three , is a 1985 science fiction novel by A. E. van Vogt . It incorporates concepts from the General semantics of Alfred Korzybski and refers to non Aristotelian logic . The novel is a continuation of the adventures of Gilbert Gosseyn from the The World of Null A 1945 and The Players of Null A 1948 . Gilbert Gosseyn wakes to find he is Gosseyn Three, in telepathic contract with Gosseyn Two. One of the spare bodies used in his reincarnation machinery was found and forced to life by the approach of an immense space fleet from another galaxy, manned by the primordial ancestors of man, gripped in an eon long war with mutants equally as old. The space fleet is ruled by an unstable youngster who seems to possess many of the same powers, including a double brain, as Gosseyn. Gosseyn must school the youth in Null A sanity, save the Earth from a cabal of gangsters and businessmen who oppose the return of the Games Machine, discover the secret reasons behind the endless horrifying war, and stop the intrigues of Enro the Red to return to power. Many critics regard this as the weakest of the Null A books, and the estate authorized Null A sequel Null A Continuum ignores its events. External links isfdb title id 797 1980s sf novel stub Category 1985 novels Category General semantics Category Novels by A. E. van Vogt fr La Fin du pt Null A Tr s ro Sf r itul non A ... more details
In morpheme based morphology linguistics morphology , the term null allomorph or zero allomorph is sometimes used to refer to some kind of null morpheme for which there are also contexts in which the underlying representation underlying morpheme is manifested in the surface structure . It is therefore also an allomorph . The phenomenon itself is known as null allomorphy , morphological blocking or total morpheme blocking . ref http 169.229.248.181 dissertations Pycha dissertation 2008.pdf Anne Pycha, Morphological Sources of Phonological Length , 2008 ref English An example of null allomorphy in English is the phrase two fish which can also be two fish es . In addition, according to some linguists such as Radford, in language acquisition children s language the forms of many auxiliary verb s such as do have null allomorphs in tense grammar tenseless clause s such as Teddy not go . ref http books.google.com books?id jTZ5Fq6DJSQC&pg PA146&lpg PA146&dq 22null allomorph 22&source bl&ots PCbu xLSuI&sig biTtfkqwPyyQbLIMwBNZaQ1uxiA&hl nl&ei 6lHOSsTEN86Q Abc1b2KAw&sa X&oi book result&ct result&resnum 6 v onepage&q 22null 20allomorph 22&f fals Barbara Lust, Margarita Su er, John Whitman, Syntactic Theory and First Language Acquisition Heads, projections, and learnability , 1994 ref German Null allomorphy occurs a lot in the grammar of the German language . The Grammatical number singular form of the dative case of masculine and neuter nouns such as der Mann the man has an optional grammatical suffix e dem Mann e . However, this suffix is somewhat archaic today and is mainly used in written language. In other cases, its null allomorph occurs dem Mann . Dutch Null allomorphs also occur in the Dutch language , be it to a lesser degree than in German. That is, many Dutch compound word s have an interfix s , the use of which is completely optional Dutch people both say doodkist and doodskist coffin , and both spellingprobleem and spellingsprobleem spelling problem ref nl http ... more details
Null symbol may refer to Null character , U 0000 , U 2400 symbol for null , a single character glyph NUL Null sign for the empty set Null SQL in database theory , , or , for the empty string See also Null disambiguation dab ... more details
Unter Null German language German for below zero initially began as a powernoise project influenced ...Twinkle AfD fix Infobox musical artist See Wikipedia WikiProject Musicians name Unter Null image Unter Null at Infest 2006.jpg caption Unter Null at Infest 2006 image size background group or band alias ... instruments Erika Dunham , better known by her stage name Unter Null , founded the solo aggrotech ... Unter Null discogs.com Artist, Discogs ref ref http www.reverbnation.com unternull Unter Null Bio ... music Unter Null Last FM ref however, she describes her primary trade as a chef on her online food ... titled, album was released in 2001. ref http unternull.bandcamp.com album unter null ref In 2002, she ... . ref http www.annihilvs.org unter null neocide ref ref http unternull.bandcamp.com album neocide ref ... www.side line.com news comments.php?id 31050 0 2 0 C Unter Null side project Stray launches debut ... Null embarked on a short U.S. and European tour in 2005, then a longer European tour in 2006. House ... album, Moving On , ref http hangout.altsounds.com news 113647 unter null returns with 2nd album moving on in 3 different versions.html UNTER NULL returns with 2nd album, Moving on , in 3 different versions ... comments.php?id 38490 0 2 0 C Fire destroys Unter Null studio and new album ref Discography border 2 ... Neocide Annihilvs 2005 The Failure Epiphany Alfa Matrix rowspan 2 2010 Moving On Unter Null album ... Sick Fuck EP Alfa Matrix 2006 Absolution Unter Null album Absolution EP and Sacrament EP ref Note Released ... links official http www.unter null.net http www.alfa matrix.com Alfa Matrix unter null s label. http www.myspace.com unternull Unter Null MySpace musicbrainz artist id af0a34fd f127 4b43 93be e98fa04cd233 name Unter Null http www.myspace.com stray23 Stray Unter Null sideproject http vampirefreaks.com missnull Unter Null Vampire Freaks Commons category Category Aggrotech Category Electronic music groups from Washington state fr Unter Null pl Unter Null ru Unter Null sv Unter Null ... more details
Unreferenced date January 2007 In statistical hypothesis testing , the null distribution is the probability distribution of the test statistic when the null hypothesis is true. In an F test , the null distribution is an F distribution . DEFAULTSORT Null Distribution Category Statistical inference Category Probability distributions Category Statistical terminology Statistics stub ko ... more details
Image Devnull.gif right Dev Null was an animated virtual reality character created in 1996 by Leo Laporte for MSNBC s computer and technology TV series, The Site . Espresso barista Dev talked with host Soledad O Brien each weeknight in a five minute segment. Laporte was awarded a 1997 Northern California Emmy for his nightly performances as cyber character Dev Null. ref name leo Dev was animated in real time on Silicon Graphics computers. Laporte generated both the voice and actions while wearing a VR motion capture suit. When O Brien sat at the espresso bar to read email from viewers, Dev flirted with her while answering her computer questions. She recalled, One of the reasons that segment of the show worked is that I could not see him as I was talking to him, and the segment was unscripted. He was funny, and his jokes were not gags. ref http web.njit.edu ronkowit Soledad soledad96site.htm Soledad 1996 ref While O Brien looked at a piece of tape on the wall indicating Dev s virtual position, the VR suit captured Laporte s actions, and a computer program translated his body movements to create the character, while other human operators controlled facial expressions and accentuated movements of his hair. The control room juxtaposed O Brien and Dev on the same set using a Vision mixer switcher . Laporte recalled arriving at NBC with a 90 page treatment I ll never forget pitching it to NBC at 30 Rock just before Christmas 1995. Then NBC News Director Andrew Lack came in in a three ... Dev Null was born. I won an Emmy for it, but the only other competition was a sock puppet character on the local Spanish language station, so it wasn t exactly a competitve category... The Site ... Remembering The Site ref See also dev null is a special file in Unix like operating systems that discards ... Null and Soledad O Brien on The Site June 10, 1997 External links http www.salon.com media media970124.html ... characters Null, Dev da Dev Null ... more details
In game theory , a null move is a decision by a player to pass that is, not to make a move when it is their turn to move. Even though null moves are against the rules of many games, they are often useful to consider when analyzing these games. Examples of this include the analysis of zugzwang in chess , and the null move heuristic in game tree analysis. Null moves are also an important element in the construction of combinatorial game theory . Category Combinatorial game theory combin stub uk ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 In the theory of relativity , a null surface is a 3 surface whose normal vector is everywhere null zero length with respect to the local Lorentz metric , but the vector is not identically zero. For example, light cone s are null surfaces. References James B. Hartle, Gravity an Introduction To Einstein s General Relativity . DEFAULTSORT Null Surface Category General relativity Relativity stub ... more details
the President of West Germany at that time, stated There was no Stunde Null but we had the chance for a new beginning Es gab keine Stunde Null , aber wir hatten die Chance zu einem Neubeginn. ref http ... restart never occurred in postwar Germany. The term Stunde null implies that the past is over and nothing from former times continues to exist past the Stunde null . Experts in German culture find that this term ... allude to and Stunde null conflicts directly with this idea, necessitating its judicious use. In music An Extended play EP released in 1995 by German techno artist Cosmic Baby was entitled Stunde Null . English band British Sea Power entitled the fourth track Stunde Null from their 2011 LP Valhalla ... Historisches Museum in German Category German language Category History of Germany Category Aftermath of World War II Category German words and phrases Category Battle of Berlin da Stunde Null de Stunde Null ... more details
A null cell is a large granular lymphocyte without surface markers or membrane associated proteins from B lymphocytes or T lymphocytes . Natural killer cell s are usually null cells with surface marker CD 16 which bind to the Fc portion of the IgG, and thereby destroy it. NK cells do immune surveillance, attack pathogens and abnormal cells. members of null cells are NK cells, antigen dependent cytotoxic cells ADCC , and the lymphokine activated killer LAK cells. In 75 of the cases of ALL, the lymphocytes are neither B nor T cells and are called Null cells. External links MeshName Null cells Lymphocytes Category Cell anatomy Category Immunology stubs Category Histology cell biology stub ... more details
S Raphh race, and as such has an almost unlimited ability to manipulate the forces of magic. Null normally ... and durability. Null has the ability to manipulate the forces of magic for a wide variety of effects ... concussion blasts. Null is vulnerable to the mystic energies controlled by certain beings, such as the Gargoyle ... Null DEFAULTSORT Null Comics Category Comics characters introduced in 1982 Category Marvel Comics demons ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 File Sidelobes en.svg thumb Yagi Uda antenna polar pattern showing pattern of alternating lobes and nulls In radio electronics , a null is an area or Vector geometry vector in an antenna radio antenna s radiation pattern where the Signalling telecommunication signal cancels out almost entirely. This can be an advantage, as nulls in the horizontal plane can be used to protect other transmitters from Interference communication interference . If not carefully planned however, nulls can unintentionally prevent reception of a signal. Null fill in the vertical plane is used to prevent this. Also, some directional antenna s have very narrow, sharp nulls. These antennas when used for direction finding are aimed away from the signal of interest until the antenna s null is pointed at the signal, and the signal disappears. See also Minkowski space Causal structure Null vector DEFAULTSORT Null Radio Category Antennas radio ... more details
Infobox record label name The Null Corporation image image bg parent founded 2008 founder Trent Reznor status Active genre Alternative music Alternative , ref name muspace cite web url http www.myspace.com nin title MySpace nine inch nails accessdate 2008 10 18 publisher MySpace ref Rock music Rock , ref name muspace Industrial music Industrial ref name muspace country United States of America USA location Los Angeles, California url http nullco.com The Null Corporation is an independent record label ref name muspace which releases the work of Nine Inch Nails and How to Destroy Angels band How to Destroy Angels . The Nine Inch Nails albums, Ghosts I IV and The Slip album The Slip , have been released in physical formats under the Null Corporation imprint . Also, the name appears in association with Nine Inch Nails Music download digital downloads , their official YouTube channel, ref cite web url http www.youtube.com user ninofficial title YouTube ninofficial s Channel accessdate 2008 05 06 publisher YouTube ref and on their official MySpace and Facebook accounts. ref name muspace ref cite web url http www.facebook.com ninofficial title Facebook ninofficial accessdate 2008 10 18 publisher Facebook ref Releases 2008 Nine Inch Nails &ndash Ghosts I IV ref name rym cite web url http rateyourmusic.com label the null corporation title The Null Corporation accessdate 2008 05 06 publisher ... f71d083e3439.html title The Null Corporation accessdate 2008 05 06 publisher MusicBrainz ref ref name discogs cite web url http www.discogs.com label The Null Corporation title The Null Corporation accessdate ... The Social Network , also labeled Null 01 . 2011 Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo soundtrack The Girl With The Dragon Tattoo , labeled Null 002 . References reflist External ... Nails es The Null Corporation fr The null corporation gl The Null Corporation lv The Null Corporation pt The Null Corporation ... more details
In Frame semantics linguistics frame semantics , a theory of linguistic meaning, null instantiation is the name of a category used to Annotation Linguistics annotate , or Tag metadata tag , absent semantic constituent s or frame element s Charles J. Fillmore Fillmore et al. 2003, Section 3.4 . Frame semantics, best exemplified by the FrameNet project, views words as evoking frames of knowledge and frames as typically involving multiple components, called frame elements e.g. buyer and goods in an acquisition . The term null refers to the fact that the frame element in question is absent. The logical object of the term instantiation refers to the frame element itself. So, null instantiation is an empty instantiation of a frame element. Definite null instantiation Definite null instantiation is the absence of a frame element that is recoverable from the context. It is similar to a Zero anaphor zero anaphor . Indefinite null instantiation Indefinite null instantiation is the absence of the object of a potentially transitive verb such as eat or drink. Constructional null instantiation Constructional null instantiation is the absence of a frame element due to a syntactic construction, e.g. the optional omission of agents in passive sentences. References Charles J. Fillmore Fillmore, Charles J. Christopher R. Johnson and Miriam R.L. Petruck 2003 Background to FrameNet. International Journal of Lexicography 16 3 235 250. Charles J. Fillmore Fillmore, Charles J. 1986 Pragmatically Controlled Zero Anaphora. Proceedings of the Twelfth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistic Society . See also Frame semantics linguistics Frame semantics Anaphora linguistics Anaphora Ellipsis linguistics Ellipsis Category Semantics ... more details
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