of geophysiology. Eugene Odum believed that homeostasis and stability in ecosystems was a result of evolutionary processes, and Howard T. Odum Howard Odum his brother extended this work to include thermodynamic effects in producing ecological steady states . Howard Odum also extended ... more details
Refimprove date March 2008 The current solar income of the Earth , or an ecozone or ecoregion or any area, is the amount of solar energy that falls on it as sunlight. This is thought important in some branches of green economics , as the ultimate measure of renewable energy . Buckminster Fuller first described the concept in his 1970 paper Cosmic Costing , contrasting the photosynthesis on which natural capital and sustainability sustainable infrastructural capital depend, with the chemosynthesis of extracting and using fossil fuel s. Paul Hawken is a more recent advocate of the concept, and views it as central to his notion of a restorative economy . It remains a popular notion among those who believe that toxic waste and maintenance problems of direct solar energy devices can ultimately be overcome, or that yields of passive or biological means of gathering and using this energy as biofuel s can be made to approximate those of fossil fuels. See also Howard Odum Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky solar constant Category Buckminster Fuller Category Renewable energy economy ... more details
The term Eltonian Niche refers to a definition of the ecological niche concept that emphasizes the functional attributes of animals and their corresponding trophic position. This was the definition Eugene Odum popularized in his analogy of the ecological niche niche of a species with its profession in the ecosystem as opposed to the habitat ecology habitat being its address. The definition is attributed to Charles Elton in his 1927 now classic book Animal Ecology ref Elton, C. 1927 Animal Ecology. Sidgwick and Jackson, London. Reprinted several times, e.g. 2001 by The University of Chicago Press, ISBN 0 226 20639 4 ref . Elton used the two Africa n Rhinoceros species to exemplify the definition. The White Rhinoceros has broad wide, hence its White Rhinoceros Naming name mouthparts, which are efficient in harvesting grass, while the Black Rhinoceros has narrow pointed lips enabling it to feed selectively on the foliage of thorny bushes. See also Grinellian niche References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Eltonian Niche Category Ecology ... more details
Orphan date September 2008 Dr. Paul F. Hendrix is a Professor in the Odum School of Ecology at the University of Georgia . He is widely considered an expert in the biology and ecology of earthworm invasions. ref cite web url http nl.newsbank.com nl search we Archives?p product AT&p theme at&p action search&p maxdocs 200&p topdoc 1&p text direct 0 0EADA1BB9FF34A56&p field direct 0 document id&p perpage 10&p sort YMD date D&s trackval GooglePM title Wondering about worms date 22 April 1995 work The Atlanta Journal Constitution accessdate 30 November 2010 ref References Reflist Use dmy dates date December 2010 Persondata NAME Hendrix, Paul F. ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Hendrix, Paul F. Category American academics Category Year of birth missing living people Category Living people Category University of Georgia faculty US scientist stub ... more details
other than economic ones, such as environmental degradation , ref name Odum political elections ref ... of Connecticut and Massachusetts In 1982, the estuarine ecologist, William Odum, published a paper where he extended the notion of the tyranny of small decisions to environmental issues. According to Odum ... name OdumOdum WE 1982 http links.jstor.org sici?sici 0006 3568 28198210 2932 3A9 3C728 3AEDATTO 3E2.0.CO .... ref Odum cites, as an example, the marshland s along the coasts of Connecticut and Massachusetts. Between ... in a major outcome without the overall issue ever being directly addressed. ref name Odum Another ..., yet this has been the outcome. ref name Odum With few exceptions, threatened species threatened ... the decline in green turtle populations. ref name Odum Cultural lake eutrophication is rarely the result ... agricultural fields. ref name Odum The insidious effects of small decisions marches on productive land ... factoring in the cumulative consequences. ref name Odum Counters quote box width 260px border ... Odum ref name Odum An obvious counter to the tyranny of small decisions is to develop and protect ... tenure are assigned. ref name OdumOdum advocates that at least some scientists should study systems ... Odum clear See also Unscrupulous diner s dilemma Free rider problem Greedy algorithm Overexploitation ... more details
Kadambur R. Janarthanan is a former union Minister government minister of India and a leader of All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam AIADMK . He was union Minister of State, Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions with additional Charge of minister of State for Finance Revenue, Banking and Insurance . He held these portfolios in Second Vajpayee Ministry from 1998 to 1999. He was born on 22 October 1929 in Kadambur village in Thoothukudi district in Tamil Nadu and became science graduate from Presidency College of Madras University . He is agriculturist and trader by profession. He was imprisoned under MISA in 1976 in the emergency. He was first elected to the Lok Sabha in 1984 from Tirunelveli and then again to the 9th, 10th and 12 th Lok Sabha. Janaathan is a short story writer and won Odum Railil Oruvan short story in Tamil in Ananda Vikatan short story competition. References http parliamentofindia.nic.in ls lok12 biodata 12tn36.htm http www.bjp.org news profile1.htm Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Janarthanan, R. ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION Indian politician DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Janarthanan, R. Category People from Tamil Nadu Category Thoothukudi Category All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam politicians Category Living people AIADMK politician stub ... more details
T. Odum , who died two months before its publication, and it owes much to Odum s vision of a world in energy transition Odum and Odum, 2001 . Principles and Pathways offers twelve key permaculture .... Cambridge Cambridge University Press , 202 207. Odum, H.T. 1971 Environment, Power and Society . New York John Wiley. Odum, H.T. and E.C. Odum 2001 A Prosperous Way Down Principles and Policies. New ... more details
The Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement is an award for environmental science , environmental health , and energy . Tyler Laureates receive a 200,000 annual prize and a gold medallion. The prize is administered by the University of Southern California and was established by the late John and Alice Tyler in 1973. Laureates 2011 May Berenbaum 2010 Laurie Marker and Stuart Pimm 2009 Richard B. Alley and Veerabhadran Ramanathan 2008 James N. Galloway and Harold A. Mooney Harold Mooney 2007 Gatze Lettinga 2006 David W. Schindler and Igor A. Shiklomanov 2005 Charles Keeling Charles D. Keeling and Lonnie Thompson Lonnie G. Thompson 2004 Barefoot College and Red Latinoamericana de Botanica 2003 Hans Herren , Yoel Margalith and Richard Doll Sir Richard Doll 2002 Wallace S. Broecker and Liu Dongsheng Tungsheng Liu 2001 Jared M. Diamond and Thomas Lovejoy Thomas E. Lovejoy 2000 John P. Holdren 1999 T. T. Chang and Joel E. Cohen 1998 Anne H. Ehrlich and Paul R. Ehrlich 1997 Jane Goodall , Birut Galdikas and George Schaller 1996 Willi Dansgaard , Hans Oeschger and Claude Lorius 1995 Clair Cameron Patterson Clair C. Patterson 1994 Arturo Gomez Pompa and Peter H. Raven 1993 F. Herbert Bormann and Gene Likens Gene E. Likens 1992 Perry L. McCarty and Robert M. White 1991 C. Everett Koop and M. S. Swaminathan 1990 Thomas Eisner and Jerrold Meinwald 1989 Paul J. Crutzen and Edward D. Goldberg 1988 Bert Bolin Bert R. J. Bolin 1987 Richard E. Schultes and Gilbert F. White 1986 Werner Stumm and Richard Vollenweider 1985 Bruce Ames Bruce N. Ames and the Organization for Tropical Studies 1984 Roger Revelle Roger R. Revelle and Edward O. Wilson 1983 Harold S. Johnston , Mario J. Molina and F. Sherwood Rowland 1982 Carroll L.Wilson and the Southern California Edison Southern California Edison Company 1978 Russell E. Train 1977 Eugene Odum Eugene P. Odum 1976 Abel Wolman , Charles Sutherland Elton Charles S. Elton and Rene Dubos 1975 Ruth Patrick 1974 Arie Jan Haagen Smit , G. Evelyn H ... more details
Other uses Microcosm disambiguation Microcosm No footnotes article date March 2011 Microcosms are artificial, simplified ecosystems that are used to simulate and predict the behaviour of natural ecosystems under controlled conditions. Open or closed microcosms provide an experimental area for ecologists to study natural ecological processes. Microcosm studies can be very useful to study the effects of disturbance or to determine the ecological role of key species. A Winogradsky column is an example of a microbial microcosm. See also Closed ecological system Ecologist Howard T. Odum was a pioneer in his use of small closed and open ecosystems in classroom teaching. Biosphere 2 Controversial project with a 1.27 ha artificial closed ecological system in Oracle, Arizona USA . References ISBN date March 2011 cite journal last1 Jiang first1 Lin last2 Patel first2 Shivani N. title Community assembly in the presence of disturbance a microcosm experiment journal Ecology volume 89 issue 7 pages 1931 40 year 2008 pmid 18705379 doi 10.1890 07 1263.1 cite journal last1 Kangas first1 Patrick last2 Adey first2 Walter title Mesocosms and ecological engineering journal Ecological Engineering volume 6 pages 1 5 year 1996 doi 10.1016 0925 8574 95 00058 5 cite journal last1 Kassen first1 Rees last2 Buckling first2 Angus last3 Bell first3 Graham last4 Rainey first4 Paul B. title Diversity peaks at intermediate productivity in a laboratory microcosm journal Nature volume 406 issue 6795 pages 508 12 year 2000 pmid 10952310 doi 10.1038 35020060 cite book author Odum HT year 1989 chapter Ecological engineering and self organization title Ecological Engineering An Introduction to Ecotechnology editor Mitsch WJ & J rgensen SE pages 79 101 publisher John Wiley and Sons location New York cite journal last1 Roeselers first1 Guus last2 Zippel first2 Barbara last3 Staal first3 Marc last4 Van Loosdrecht first4 Mark last5 Muyzer first5 Gerard title On the reproducibility of microcosm experiments dif ... more details
with its natural environment. Odum ref name Od 89 H.T. Odum 1989 , Ecological Engineering and Self Organization ... engineering has been demonstrated using energy principles for a wetland., ref S. Ton, H.T. Odum & J.J. .... Ecological Engineering, 26 12 321 327. ref Literature H.T. Odum 1963 , Man and Ecosystem Proceedings ... more details
The surname Odom can refer to Antwan Odom born 1981 , American football player Blue Moon Odom born 1945 , American baseball player Bob Odom born 1935 , former Louisiana Commissioner of Agriculture and Forestry Carmen Hooker Odom , former secretary of the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services Christopher C. Odom born 1970 , movie director Cliff Odom , American baseball player Dave Odom born 1942 , American basketball coach Gary Odom , Tennessee politician Gene Odom born 1948 , American writer and former bodyguard George Odom disambiguation Heinie Odom 1900 1970 , American baseball player Jason Odom born 1974 , American football player Joe Odom born 1979 , American football player John Odom baseball John C. Odom 1982 2008 , American baseball player Lamar Odom born 1979 , American basketball player Khlo Kardashian Khlo Kardashian Odom born 1984 , American television personality and Lamar wife Mel Odom disambiguation Sammy Joe Odom , American football player Steve Odom born 1952 , American football player Tyler Odom , rock guitarist Vernon Odom, Sr. 1921 1996 , American civil rights leader Vernon Odom born 1948 , American journalist General William Odom 1932 2008 , former director of the U.S. National Security Agency See also Odom s indicator , a piece of anesthetic equipment Odum disambiguation disambig Category Surnames de Odom fr Odom pl Odom ru ... more details
Unreferenced date September 2007 Portrait of a Young Man Drowning , published in 1962, is the only novel published by Charles Perry author Charles Perry . Plot The novel takes place in the slums of Brooklyn during the Great Depression , and follows the narrator, Harry Odum, from his early childhood to his death. His father, Hap, abandons the family, leaving Harold to be raised by his mother, Kate. Harold falls in with his friends from the neighborhood, who take him along to participate in petty crime. He soon join up with Bug , the neighborhood kingpin, and moves his way up through the local crime syndicate. He eventually becomes the neighborhood mob s assassination killer for hire . Meanwhile, Kate spirals deeper into alcoholism and mental illness , and grows ever more possessive of her son. Through it all, the only person Harold feels any love for is his mother he develops an Oedipal complex and an inability to sexually relate to anyone without resorting to his alter ego , Madden. In the guise of this other self, he rape s a local girl, Iris, with whom he later falls in love. Harold attempts a relationship with Iris, but Kate threatens her away during a family dinner. The next day, Harold flies into a psychotic rage and rapes his own mother, who commits suicide . A dazed, Psychological trauma traumatized Harold then goes for a ride with some of his partners in crime who, fearing his testimony to a police investigation, shoot him dead. Adaptations In 1997, the novel was made into the movie Six Ways to Sunday . Category 1962 novels Category Crime novels Category Incest in fiction Category Novels set in New York City Category Brooklyn, New York City in fiction Category 1930s in fiction ... more details
Temporal discounting refers to the tendency of people to discount rewards as they approach a temporal horizon in the future or the past i.e., become so distant in time that they cease to be valuable or to have additive effects . To put it another way, it is a tendency to give greater value to rewards as they move away from their temporal horizons and towards the now . For instance, a nicotine deprived smoker may highly value a cigarette available any time in the next 6 hours but assign little or no value to a cigarette available in 6 months ref Impulsivity and cigarette smoking delay discounting in current, never, and ex smokers. Bickel, W. Odum, A., & Madden, G. Psychopharmacology. 1999 Oct 146 4 447 454. ref . This term is used in intertemporal economics, intertemporal choice , reward system neurobiology of reward and Decision making Neuroscience perspective decision making , microeconomics and recently neuroeconomics ref Cultural neuroeconomics of intertemporal choice. Takahashi, Taiki, Hadzibeganovic, Tarik, Cannas, Sergio A., Makino, T., Fukui, H., & Kitayama, Shinobu. Neuroendocrinology Letters. 2009 30 2 185 191. ref . It is also known as delay discounting or time discounting. Traditional models of economics assumed that the discounting function is exponential discounting exponential in time leading to a monotonic decrease in preference with increased time delay however, more recent neuroeconomic models suggest a hyperbolic discounting hyperbolic discount function which can address the phenomenon of preference reversal ref A Discounting framework for choice with delayed and probabilistic rewards. Myerson, J. & Green, L., 2004 Sept 130 5 769 792. ref Preference reversal Offered a choice of 100 today and 110 in a month, subjects might prefer to have 100 today. However, if the delay for both rewards is increased by a year i.e., subjects are offered a choice of 100 in a year or 110 in a year and one month , they might prefer the 110. fact date August 2010 See als ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 The North Carolina Commission on Interracial Cooperation was a state affiliate of the Commission on Interracial Cooperation , established in 1921 to improve race relations by changing racial attitudes and alleviating injustice. Activities included creating pamphlets, radio programs, press releases, and holding local meetings and conferences. The NCCIC was initially made up of a group of prominent individuals, both African American and white. Chairs of the NCCIC included William Louis Poteat , Howard Odum , and Edwin Pennick . Directors included L. R. Reynolds , Earnest Arnold , and Cyrus M. Johnson . ref http www.lib.unc.edu mss inv n North Carolina Commission on Interracial Cooperation.html North Carolina Commission on Interracial Cooperation Records, 1922 1949 in the Southern Historical Collection at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. ref In 1951, the NCCIC became an affiliate of the Southern Regional Council , and changed its name to the North Carolina Council on Human Relations in 1955. References reflist External links http www.lib.unc.edu mss inv n North Carolina Commission on Interracial Cooperation.html Finding aid to the North Carolina Commission on Interracial Cooperation Records in the Southern Historical Collection at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Further reading Earnhardt, Elizabeth. Critical Years The North Carolina Commission on Interracial Cooperation, 1942 1949, M.A. Thesis, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1971 Category History of African American civil rights Category Anti racist organizations in the United States Category Organizations based in North Carolina US org stub ... more details
Infobox film name Aakkramanam image image size alt caption director Sreekumaran Thampi ref name prdkerala cite web url http www.prd.kerala.gov.in 1981.htm title List of Malayalam films released during the year 1981 publisher PRD, Kerala accessdate 2009 07 29 ref producer Sreekumaran Thampi, Bhavani Rajeswari Production writer Sreekumaran Thampi narrator starring Madhu actor Madhu br Jayan br Balan K. Nair br Sathar br Sreevidya br Jayabharathi ref name mmdb cite web url http www.malayalasangeetham.info mmdb 3102.html title Akramanam 1981 publisher MMDB accessdate 2009 07 29 ref music Shyam composer Shyam cinematography editing K. Narayanan studio distributor released 1981 runtime country Film India language Malayalam budget gross preceded by followed by Aakkramanam 1981 is an India n film in the Malayalam language by Sreekumaran Thampi ref name prdkerala ref name imdb cite web url http www.imdb.com title tt0333048 title Aakkramanam 1981 publisher IMDB accessdate 2009 07 29 ref starring Madhu actor Madhu , Jayan , Balan K. Nair , Sathar , Sreevidya , and Jayabharathi . ref name mmdb Cast Madhu actor Madhu Jayan Balan K. Nair Sathar Sreevidya Jayabharathi Prameela Soundtrack class wikitable border 1 Song Playback Lyrics Duration Eid Mubarak K.J. Yesudas Sreekumaran Thampi Muthukudayenthi KJ Yesudas, S. Janaki Sreekumaran Thampi Odum Thira Onnam Thira Jayachandran P Jayachandran , Jolly Abraham, Sherin Peters Sreekumaran Thampi Lilly Lilly My Darling S.P. Balasubramaniam , SP Shailaja, Chorus Sreekumaran Thampi Peethambaradhaariyitha S Janaki Sreekumaran Thampi References reflist External links imdb title 0333048 Aakkramanam Category 1981 films Category Indian films Category 1980s Malayalam language films 1980s Malayalam film stub ml new ... more details
primary sources date November 2009 The Center for International Private Enterprise CIPE is one of the four core institutes of the National Endowment for Democracy and a non profit affiliate of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce . About Founded in 1983 in Washington, D.C. the Center for International Private Enterprise CIPE strengthens democracy around the globe through private enterprise and market oriented reform. Further reading cite journal last1 Bollen first1 Kenneth authorlink1 Kenneth Bollen last2 Paxton first2 Pamela last3 Morishima first3 Rumi year 2005 title Assessing international evaluations An example from USAID s Democracy and Governance Programs journal American Journal of Evaluation volume 26 number 2 pages 189 203 ref harv url http www.irss.unc.edu odum content pdf Bollen Paxton Morishima2005AJE.pdf format pdf doi 10.1177 1098214005275640 month June id Evaluation performed on behalf of the Social Science Research Council SSRC , at the request of and with funding from the Strategic and Operational Research Agenda SORA of USAID Office of Democracy and Governance in the Bureau for Democracy, Conflict, and Humanitarian Assistance , according to the harvtxt National Research Council 2008 p 28 cite book first Committee on Evaluation of USAID Democracy Assistance Programs last National Research Council authorlink United States National Research Council title Improving democracy assistance Building knowledge through evaluations and research editor first Jack A editor last Goldstone editor link Jack A. Goldstone pages xvi 336 dimensions 6 x 9 inches year 2008 isbn 0 309 11736 4, ISBN 978 0 309 11736 4 url http www.nap.edu catalog 12164.html id http www.nap.edu catalog 12164.html Individuals can download the complete report pdf format for private use. ref harv External links http www.cipe.org Category Non profit organizations based in Washington, D.C. Category Organizations established in 1983 Category United States Chamber of Commerce US or ... more details
Jake Odum Indiana State br Rayvonte Rice Drake br Carl Richard Indiana State All Newcomer Team Gregory Echenique Creighton br Doug McDermott Creighton br Jake Odum Indiana State br Rayvonte Rice Drake ... br Jahenns Manigat Creighton br Jake Odum Indiana State br Rayvonte Rice Drake br Nathan Scheer Missouri ... Mallett Missouri State br Jake Odum Indiana State br Lucas O Rear Northern Iowa All Bench Team ... more details
. Although not formally incorporated until 1907, the cities of Screven, Georgia Screven and Odum, Georgia Odum are also historic railroad towns. Screven ranks as the oldest established town being formally ..., Godfrey Odum used real estate to build his fortune and to improve the community into a town. Odum ..., Virginia and Georgia. Odum was known as Satilla on an 1870 timetable from the Macon and Brunswick and before that it was known as Haslum. Rail access made it easier for Odum s turpentine and sawmills ... 31599 ref Cities and towns Jesup, Georgia Jesup Odum, Georgia Odum Screven, Georgia Screven Communities ... more details
, is also a riddle with the answer coffin . ref cite book last Odum first Howard W. authorlink Howard W. Odum year 1928 edition 2006 title Rainbow Round My Shoulder The Blue Trail of Black Ulysses ... more details
182. H.T. Odum , 1995. Energy Systems and the Unification of Science , in Hall, C.S. ed. Maximum Power The Ideas and Applications of H.T. Odum. Colorado University Press, Colorado 365 372. Piaget, J ... more details
, in 1947. It served as the library for the college for 30 years before Odum Library was constructed ... of Emanuel County, Georgia. Odum Library 1970 Odum Library contains the general and research library ... Gertrude Gilmer Odum, Professor Emerita of English. In 2004 a new addition opened, doubling the size ... in microforms, as well as current issues of 2,774 magazines, journals, and newspapers. The Odum ... more details
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