cleanup date April 2012 Internet privacy involves the right or mandate of personal privacy concerning ... via the Internet . Privacy can entail both Personally Identifying Information PII or non PII ... identify a specific person. Internet privacy forms a subset of data privacy computer privacy . A number of experts within the field of Internet security and privacy believe that privacy doesn t exist Privacy is dead get over it ref cite web url http video.google.com videoplay?docid 383709537384528624 title Toor2122 Steve Rambam Privacy Is Dead Get Over It publisher Video.google.com date August ... in Internet privacy cases. In fact, it has been suggested that the appeal of online services ... hand, in his essay The Value of Privacy, security expert Bruce Schneier says, Privacy protects ... of Privacy by Bruce Schneier publisher Schneier.com date accessdate 2011 11 25 ref ref cite news ... title The Eternal Value of Privacy by Bruce Scneier publisher Wired.com date May 18, 2006 accessdate 2011 11 25 ref Levels of privacy People with only a casual concern for Internet privacy need not achieve total anonymity . Internet users may protect their privacy through controlled disclosure of personal ... desire much stronger privacy. In that case, they may try to achieve Internet anonymity to ensure privacy use of the Internet without giving any third parties the ability to link the Internet activities ... ref There are also many government groups that protect our privacy and be safe on the Internet. The Federal ... someone find person information. ref No Author. Washington State Office of the Attorney General. 2008 ... ref Public Understanding While internet privacy is widely acknowledged as the top consideration ... of Privacy and Security Risks for Online Shopping. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 35 38 39.http onlinelibrary.wiley.com ... SOPA CISPA, public understanding of online privacy policies is actually being negatively affected by the current trends regarding online privacy statements. ref Menn, J. Feb. 19, 2012 , Data Collection ... more details
Privacy Act may refer to Privacy Act of 1974 of the United States Privacy Act Canada Privacy Act 1988 Australia dab Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
email lacks reasonable expectation of privacy Smyth v. Pillsbury http www.privacy.gov.au internet email Workplace e mail privacy from the Office of the PrivacyCommissioner Australia cite web url http ... privacy . In countries with a constitutional guarantee of the secrecy of correspondence , email ... . In the United States , privacy of correspondence is derived from the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution and thus restricted by the requirement for a reasonable expectation of privacy ... of Europe the privacy of correspondence is guaranteed explicitly by Article 8 of the European ... exposed to electronic dangers. Many users believe that email privacy is inherent and guaranteed ... and colleagues. As more sensitive information is transferred online, the need for email privacy ... decried by civil rights activists as an invasion of privacy , agencies such as the Federal Bureau ... . ISPs and mail service providers may also compromise email privacy because of commercial pressure ... security precautions in place, recipients can compromise email privacy by indiscrimate forwarding ... have no reasonable expectation of privacy expectation of a right to privacy for messages sent or received over company equipment. This can become a privacy issue if employee and management expectations are mismatched. Privacy issues After 180 days in the U.S., email messages lose their status as a protected communication under the Electronic Communications Privacy Act , and become just another ... that originates from non citizens in other countries. Remedies To provide a reasonable level of privacy ... via email jamming . See also Anonymous remailer Cryptography Data privacy Email encryption Email ... plug in Industrial espionage Internet privacy Java Anon Proxy a proxy server proxy system designed ... of email privacy http www.npr.org templates story story.php?storyId 91625695 Investigating Employees ... Category Privacy of telecommunications ar ... more details
Privacy is the ability of an individual or group to seclude themselves or information about themselves and thereby reveal themselves selectively. Including Privacy financial , privacy relating to the banking and financial industries Privacy internet , the ability to control what information one reveals about oneself over the Internet and to control who can access that information Privacy medical , protection of a patient s medical information Privacy political , the right to secrecy when voting or casting a ballot Information privacy , protection of data and information Privacy may also refer to Privacy song , by Michael Jackson Privacy studio , the home studio of Warren Cuccurullo See also Private disambiguation Privacy Act disambiguation disambig ... more details
Unreferenced date April 2009 POV check date July 2008 Political privacy has been a concern since voting ... democracy , and considered a basic right of citizenship . Even where other rights of privacy do not exist, this type of privacy very often does. Motivation Because politics is fundamentally about ... business in public, or whether the Prime Minister s Office was overtly directing that business to a degree .... Political privacy of individuals Outside legislatures, the political privacy of ordinary citizens ... about, next time he had better vote Liberal. Apparently, the MP s office had access to a canvasser ... . Political privacy concerns extend far beyond dealings with voting and legislative systems, however ..., opinion pollsters stringently protect respondents privacy, in order to more accurately gauge their real political temper. Government encroachment on political privacy Essay like date August ... badge numbers. Most privacy advocates view such measures as typical of a carceral state where the state itself knows everything, and there is neither political nor consumer privacy nor even much medical privacy a special concern is the gathering of biometrics . This may enable identity theft by the state ... privacy is violated, the easier it becomes to frame an innocent person using credible sounding variations ... trustworthy. Within the United States itself, political privacy of citizens has come into open ... protect the citizen. Political privacy may be more of a concern in the future as the capacities ... political privacy, where extreme views and strong challenges to the dominant political system are beginning ... accountability carceral state . Arguments for limitation of political privacy One response to the issue of political privacy as such is that any political privacy outside the expression of voting is inappropriate ... this point of view, one may have no right to political privacy, and even such measures as a secret ..., that argument goes, is the problem, and knowing there is no political privacy, people become ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Privacy software is Computer software software built to protect the privacy of its users. The software typically works in conjunction with Internet usage to control or limit the amount of information made available to third parties. The software can apply encryption or filtering of various kinds. Privacy software can refer to two different types of protection. One type is protecting a user s Internet privacy from the World Wide Web . There are software products that will mask or hide a user s IP address from the outside world in order to protect the user from identity theft . The other type of protection is hiding or deleting the users Internet traces that are left on their PC after they have been surfing the Internet. There is software that will erase all the users Internet traces and there is software that will hide and encrypt a user s traces so that others using their PC will not know where they have been surfing. See also General topics Information privacy Internet privacy Encryption Proxy server Metadata removal tool Software GNU Privacy Guard GPG Portable Firefox Pretty Good Privacy PGP Secure Shell SSH I2P I2P The Anonymous Network Tor anonymity network Software type stub DEFAULTSORT Privacy Software Category Privacy Category Privacy software mk ... more details
law the expectation of privacy is a legal test which is crucial in defining the scope of the applicability of the privacy protections of the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution . It is related to, but is not the same thing as a right of privacy , a much broader concept which is found in many legal systems see privacy law . There are two types of expectations of privacy A subjective expectation of privacy is an opinion of a person that a certain location or situation is Privacy ... expectation of privacy is an expectation of privacy generally recognized by society. and protected by law. Examples of places where a person has a reasonable expectation of privacy are person s residence ... of Privacy in Hotel Rooms , Social Science Research Network 2010 ref and public place s which have been specifically provided by businesses or the public sector to ensure privacy, such as public ...&vq 22expectation of privacy 22&dq 22expectation of privacy is 22&source gbs search s&sig ETJ4PNLw EDdsEGb ..., one cannot have a reasonable expectation of privacy in things held out to the public. A well known example is that there is no privacy rights in waste garbage left for collection in a public place ... car. While a person may have a subjective expectation of privacy in his her car , it is not always ...?id TKV2SbPSXeoC&pg PA38&vq 22expectation of privacy 22&dq 22expectation of privacy is 22&source gbs search s&sig ETJ4PNLw EDdsEGb YNzMrYXAaY PPA62,M1, p. 62 ref The privacy laws of the United States ... do not have an objective expectation of privacy. ref See, e.g., Oliver v. United States . ref Privacy and search The expectation of privacy is crucial to distinguishing a legitimate, reasonable ... expectation of privacy 2 and that expectation of privacy must be reasonable, in the sense ... to ensure its privacy. The first part of the test is related to the notion in plain view . If a person ... , then no subjective expectation of privacy is assumed. ref Mark Tunick 1998 Practices and Principles ... more details
Consumer privacy laws and regulations seek to protect any individual from loss of privacy due to failures or limitations of corporate customer privacy measures. They recognize that the damage done by privacy ... little or no interest in taking unprofitable measures to drastically increase privacy of customers ... that may occur. Consumer privacy concerns date back to the first commercial couriers and bankers, who in every culture took strong measures to protect customer privacy, but also in every culture ... consumer privacy law and regulation, which recognizes that innocent third parties can be harmed by the loss ... or client . Today the ethical code s of most professions very clearly specify privacy ... articles on medical privacy , client confidentiality and national security and to a degree in carceral state where no privacy in any form nor limits on State polity state oversight or data use exist . Modern consumer privacy law in a recognizable form originated in telecom regulation , when it was recognized ... privacy risk as well. Accordingly, strong rules on operator behavior, customer confidentiality ... electronic records in some countries financial privacy is a major focus of the economy, and penalties ... acquiring ever more data. Gradually, customer privacy measures alone proved insufficient to deal ... anyone s privacy within the EU simply by doing these things from different places in the European ... had to implement strong consumer privacy laws, usually over the objections of business. The European ... privacy exists, although there are requirements specific to banking and telecom privacy . After the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks on the United States , privacy took a back seat to national security in most legislators minds. Accordingly concerns of consumer privacy in the United States have tended to go unheard as questions of citizen privacy versus the state, and the development of a police state or carceral state , have occupied advocates of strong privacy measures. Whereas it may ... more details
Multiple issues coi April 2009 incomplete April 2009 orphan April 2009 notability April 2009 Privacy Piracy is a term used in relation to identity theft and or protection of personal information. The phrase has been used in several different ways and contexts, including A description of what corporations can legally do with your personal data while keeping within their privacy policies. ref cite news title The Privacy Pirates url http www.businessweek.com print technology content jul2006 tc20060724 816608.htm last Holtzman first David date 2006 07 24 accessdate 2009 04 30 work BusinessWeek ref The name of a weekly show by Mari Frank on the Irvine, California college radio station KUCI . ref cite news title Thieves rip off hundreds at pumps url http www.ocregister.com ocregister homepage abox article 1351536.php last Overley first Jeff date 2006 11 11 accessdate 2009 04 30 work OC Register ref The title of a booklet on identity theft by Mari Frank and Beth Givens. ref cite news first Mari last Frank title Her Passion is Privacy Public interest group founder helps consumers deal with information age s dark side url http www.signonsandiego.com news business 20060801 9999 1b1givens.html last Bigelow first Bruce work Sign on San Diego date 2006 08 01 accessdate 2009 04 30 ref ref cite book last Frank first Mari coauthors Givens, Beth title Privacy Piracy A Guide to Protecting Yourself from Identity Theft year 1999 asin B0006RBAX8 ref A term used by advertising company Phorm to refer to pro privacy campaigners. ref cite news first Rupert last Neate title Phorm chief labels critics serial agitators url http www.telegraph.co.uk finance newsbysector mediatechnologyandtelecoms 5232565 Phorm chief labels critics serial agitators.html work The Daily Telegraph date 2009 04 28 accessdate 2009 04 30 ref References Reflist External links http www.kuci.org privacypiracy Privacy Piracy radio show DEFAULTSORT Privacy Piracy Category Internet privacy compu network stub US radio show stub ... more details
Privacy Center is a form of Ransomware malware ransomware that hijacks a Microsoft Windows operating system and insists that the upgrades their protection for a price. It is a green system tray icon that often takes over the screen and blocks the desktop, including the start icon. Unlike other rogue security software rogue anti viruses , Privacy Center has the capability of running in safe mode . Attempts to close the system tray are futile. Also, the system will often not acknowledge the insertion of a USB flash drive. Method of Infection The virus is installed by clicking on a fake video codec that is required to play an online movie . Once the user clicks on the codec, Privacy Center will be installed as opposed to the video playing. ref name bleep http www.bleepingcomputer.com virus removal remove privacy center Tutorial on How To Remove Privacy Center ref It can also be installed by clicking on script in rogue security software sites. In August 2009, it was reported that Privacy Center can embed itself in another rogue security software rogue anti virus called PC AntiSpyware 2010. ref name precisesecurity http www.precisesecurity.com blogs 2009 03 26 privacy center Threat Center Spyware and Virus Removal ref References References Category Rogue software ... more details
Unreferenced date March 2007 Image Privacy Lost cover Large.jpg thumbnail right 250px Privacy Lost How Technology is Endangering Your Privacy is a non fiction book by David H. Holtzman , a technologist and privacy expert. The book is an examination into the effect that technology is having and will have on human society. The book was released in September, 2006. The book is written in a conversational style, and aimed at the general public. Holtzman s contention is that the majority of people are blissfully ... into the conceptual history of privacy, the current state of societal interaction with privacy ... by the current track we are on. Sections Holtzman divides http www.privacylostbook.com Privacy Lost into six sections Privacy Invasions Hurt Examines the damages caused by the loss of privacy, including descriptions of the Seven Sins Against Privacy and the collateral damage this loss causes society Why Technology is Key The history behind Americans concept of privacy, how and why technology affects privacy, and how new forms of technology create new types of crimes Privacy in Context Inspects the relationship between privacy and the law, identity and culture in a technological world The Technology Eroding Privacy Discusses the voyeurism of surveillance technology and the virtual stalking capabilities ... invading Americans privacy corporate marketers and the U.S. Government What Can Be Done? What the future holds in store for our privacy, including ways our privacy can be safeguarded and a call to action for all those who feel troubled by the path down which our privacy is being led, including how to fight back Sins against privacy Holtzman starts by laying out what he describes as the Seven Sins against privacy and prescribes commandments which correlate to each. The sins are as follows ... they do not belong. Strategies for resisting privacy violations Holtzman lays out five profiles ... Privacy Lost official book site http www.Davidholtzman.com www.DavidHotlzman.com official site ... more details
Domain privacy is a service offered by a number of domain name registrar s. A user buys privacy from the company, who in turn replaces the user s info in the WHOIS with the info of a forwarding service for email and sometimes postal mail, done by a proxy server such as Domains by Proxy Domains by Proxy, Inc. or eNom s ID Protect . Level of anonymity Personal information is typically collected by these registrars to provide the service. And to some, registrars like Domains by Proxy take little persuasion to release so called private information to the world, requiring only a phone request or cease and desist letter. ref Cite web title Private domains not so private? publisher CNET News.com date 2005 08 15 accessdate url http news.com.com Private domains not so private 2100 1038 3 5833663.html ref ref Cite web title More on Domains By Proxy author Thomas Roessler date 2003 04 15 accessdate url http log.does not exist.org archives 2003 04 15 299 more on domains by proxy.html ref ref Cite web title proxy fight nowiki nowiki Domains by proxy update nowiki nowiki author Wendy Seltzer date 2003 ... by proxy update.html ref Others, however, treat privacy more seriously, and host domain names offshore ... be transmitted along with credit card transactions . Note some domain extensions have privacy ... posted registration details of individuals associated with .ca domains. The need for privacy Currently ... about these people. Although ICANN has been exploring changing WHOIS to enable greater privacy ... of domains held by a privacy service was also an issue in the RegisterFly case, in which a registrar ... will be transferred to another accredited registrar. See also Domain slamming Privacy Anonymity References ... and related Services contains a list of services http www.wired.com news privacy 0,1848,66787,00.html?tw wn tophead 1 Domain owners lose privacy Wired News article about .us domains DEFAULTSORT Domain Privacy Category Domain name system Privacy Category Internet privacy Compu domain stub ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Original research date June 2008 Visual Privacy is the relationship between collection and dissemination of visual information, the public expectation of privacy, and the legal issues surrounding them. In particular, large scale camera networks have created increasing interest in understanding the advantages and disadvantages of such deployments. It is estimated that over 4 Million Cameras Deployed in the UK ref McCahill, M. and Norris, C. 2004, From cameras to control rooms the mediation of the image by cctv operatives, CCTV and Social Control The politics and practice of video surviellance European and global perspectives, 2004 ref . Due to increasing security concerns, camera networks have continued to proliferate across other countries such as the United States. While the impact of such systems continues to be evaluated, in parallel, tools for controlling how these camera networks are used and modifications to the images or video sent to end users have been explored. Technologies To combat surveillance, a number of different technologies have been suggested. Forms of Visual Data Visual Privacy is often typically applied to particular technologies including Closed circuit television CCTVs Visual sensor network Also referred to as Camera Networks Camera phone Systems Many different forms of technologies are explored to preserve privacy while providing information collected from camera networks http www.cs.berkeley.edu jschiff RespectfulCameras index.html Respectful Cameras is a solution that automatically obscures the faces of observed people in video by overlaying a colored dot over the face of the individual. This technology tracks colored markers ... Cameras Detecting Visual Markers in Real Time to Address Privacy Concerns. Jeremy Schiff, Marci ... provides automatic people tracking and provides privacy enabled surveillance. References reflist External ... Perspectives on Visual Privacy in the 21st Century Category Privacy ... more details
Differential privacy aims to provide means to maximize the accuracy of queries from statistical databases ..., while preserving the privacy of the users whose information the data set contains. Such a system ... later termed Differential Privacy , ref name Dwork, ICALP 2006 Dwork, ICALP 2006. ref formalizes the notion of privacy in statistical databases. &epsilon differential privacy The actions of the trusted ... Privacy is a condition on the release mechanism and not on the dataset. This means that for any ... privacy the definition , where math S , math can be thought of as a singleton set something like math ... of the output of the query by a significant amount and thus assures privacy of individual information ... privacy, all personal information identifying individual customers has been removed and all customer ... Sparse Datasets. In IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy 2008, p. 111 125. ref Thus clearly ... on Differential Privacy, the sensitivity ref name Dwork, McSherry 2006 Dwork, McSherry, Nissim and Smith ... private algorithm for functions with low sensitivity. Trade off between utility and privacy A trade off between the accuracy of the statistics estimated in a privacy preserving manner, and the privacy ... can consider math frac Delta f lambda , math to be the privacy factor math epsilon , math . Thus ... privacy the definition . If we try to use this concept in our diabetes example then it follows ... of differential privacy ref name Dwork, ICALP 2006 is needed . Composability Sequential composition ... privacy mechanism math t math times, the result would be math epsilon t math differentially private ... M n math , whose privacy guarantees are math epsilon 1, dots, epsilon n math differential privacy, respectively ... privacy In general, differential privacy is designed to protect the privacy between neighboring ... differentially private. This could be generalized to group privacy, as the group size could be thought ... times h math differentially private. See also Exponential mechanism differential privacy a technique ... more details
Unreferenced date March 2007 Financial Privacy is a blanket term for a multitude of privacy issues Financial Institution s ensuring that their customers information remains private to those outside the institution. Issues include the Patriot Act , and other debates of privacy vs. security. The term is also used to describe the issue of financial institutions selling customer information to other companies so that those companies may use that for marketing , and especially telemarketing purposes. This issue however is mixed with the issue of financial institutions sharing information within themselves, which could be considered sharing information between companies or affiliate sharing since a financial institution is not allowed to be one company for regulatory reasons, but instead must assume a holding company structure. This sense of the word has been the main issue debated in the United States during the 21st century. Debates on the first sense of the phrase have many different points of view, from Crypto anarchism crypto anarchists who want to create a completely decentralized and anonymous banking system, to others who support enhancing the power of the government to find financial information in order to fight terrorism . However, the majority of the debate in the United States involves the second sense of the phrase. The same anger against telemarketers which led to the United States National Do Not Call Registry also was focused on what some alleged to be the source of many of the telemarketers leads financial institutions selling things like balances and transaction information to telemarketers. Financial services companies, those that offer both banking, insurance , and investment products however say that the issue and attempted legislation on the topic was brought ... to outside telemarketers. See also Bank secrecy Right to Financial Privacy Act Financial cryptography Privacy Category Privacy Category Banking Category Business ethics Category Personal finance ... more details
Employees typically must relinquish some of their privacy while at the workplace , but how much they must do so can be a contentious issue. The debate rages on as to whether it is moral, ethical and legal for employers to monitor the actions of their employees. Employers believe that monitoring is necessary both to discourage illicit activity and to limit liability. Although, with this problem of monitoring of employees, many are experiencing a negative effect on emotional and physical stress including fatigue and lack of motivation within the workplace. Employers might choose to monitor employees activities using surveillance cameras , or may wish to record employees activities while using company owned computers or telephones. Courts are finding that disputes between workplace privacy and freedom are being complicated with the advancement of technology as traditional rules that govern areas of privacy law are debatable and becoming less important. ref http computer.howstuffworks.com workplace surveillance.htm Howstuffworks How Workplace Surveillance Works Bot generated title ref ref http www.usatoday.com tech columnist 2001 10 18 sinrod.htm Electronic surveillance in the workplace Bot generated title ref Europe The Directive 95 46 EC on the protection of personal data EU Directive 95 46 EC on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data limits and regulates the collection of personal information on individuals, including workers. Firms that monitor employees use of e mail, the internet or phones as part of their business practice, and do not tell employees or have not obtained employee consent to do so, can in most cases be sued under Article 8 the European Convention on Human Rights which provides for the right ...&VName PQD&TS 1319064466&clientId 31810 Think Before You Type A Look At Email Privacy In The Workplace Privacy Workplace Category Privacy Category Employment ... more details
2010 ref History The earliest reference to the term was in May 2005 and used to discuss the privacy ... 2008 10 04 ref However, privacy modes operate as shields because browsers typically do not remove ... title IE8 and Privacy work Microsoft Developer Network publisher Microsoft date 2008 08 25 accessdate 2009 07 06 ref The release of Adobe Flash Player 10.1 supports privacy mode in Chrome ... title Private browsing in Flash Player 10.1 url http www.adobe.com devnet flashplayer articles privacy ... browsers Privacy mode is known by different names in different browsers class wikitable sortable ... 2009 12 24 first Benjamin last Meyer ref Privacy Mode Start date 2009 03 19 ref Cite press release ... Browsing web browsers DEFAULTSORT Privacy Mode Category Web browsers Category Sexuality and computers ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Refimprove date March 2011 Privacy protocols are Guideline guildline s intended to allow computation while still protecting the individuals involved. It can be developed from just two individuals trying to discover if they both know the same secret, without leaking information about the secret itself. In this case, after the protocol runs, both individuals will either know that they share the secret, or know that they do not share it they will have gained no additional information about the other s secret. Examples of privacy protocols For example, say the secret is a name of a person. One protocol is to use a random phone number, such as 555 111 2222, then replace the last n digits of the phone number with the secret such as 555 111 JOHN. Then the first person calls the number and leaves a message with the person on the other end for the second person. Next the second person calls the number of their secret and asks if there are any messages for him. One issue with this protocol is that the phone number created might not exist. Another protocol without this issue is to designate an airline, destination and date, and have the first person make a reservation using the name of their secret, then the second person goes and cancels the reservation using the name of their secret. If the second person is not successful, then they don t share the secret. A simple protocol that does not rely on a human third party involves password changing. This works anywhere one has to type in new passwords the same twice before the password is changed. The first individual will type their secret in the first box, and the second person will type their secret in the second box, if the password is successfully changed then the secret is shared. However the computer is still a third party and must be trusted not to have a key logger . A more involved protocol that does ... and Privacy, Carnegie Mellon University ref References reflist Category Privacy Category Secrecy ... more details
Image HK PRC MFA Kennedy Road.jpg thumb Taken from across Kennedy Road Image HK PRC MFA Kennedy Rd.jpg thumb Main entrance The Office of the Commissioner of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People s Republic of China in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Simplified Chinese characters Simplified Chinese languages Chinese is an organ of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People s Republic of China Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People s Republic of China established in accordance with the provisions of the Basic Law of Hong Kong Basic Law of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People s Republic of China Hong Kong . It is responsible for dealing with foreign affairs related to the territory. The current commissioner is Song Zhe . The premises of the office is located at 42, Kennedy Road, Hong Kong Kennedy Road , Mid levels, at the intersection of Kennedy Road and Macdonnell Road. A similar organ of the ministry is also established in Macao Special Administrative Region of the People s Republic of China Macau , another Special administrative region People s Republic of China special administrative region of the People s Republic of China. See also Diplomatic missions in Hong Kong Hong Kong Economic and Trade Office Liaison Office of the Central People s Government in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region External links Commonscat Office of the Commissioner of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People s Republic of China in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region http big5.fmprc.gov.cn gate big5 www.fmcoprc.gov.hk eng Official website http www.fmprc.gov.cn eng ljzg 3566 t17770.htm Foreign Ministry of the People s Republic of China What kind of an organ is the Chinese Commissioner s Office in Hong Kong and what are its main functions? Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People s Republic of China Category Foreign relations of Hong Kong ja E5 A4 96 E4 BA A4 E9 83 A8 E9 A7 90 E9 A6 99 E6 B8 AF E7 89 B9 E ... more details
The role of Information Commissioner differs from nation to nation. Most commonly it is a title given to a government regulator in the fields of freedom of information and the protection of personal data in the widest sense. Canada The Information Commissioner of Canada is an independent ombudsman appointed by the Parliament of Canada who investigates complaints from people who believe they have been denied rights provided under Canada s Access to Information Act . Germany The Federal Commissioner for Data Protection and Freedom of Information FfDF is the federal commissioner not only for data protection but also since commencement of the Freedom of Information Act Germany German Freedom of Information Act on January 1, 2006 for freedom of information . Ireland The Office of the Information Commissioner lang ga Oifig an Choimisin ara Faisn ise was set up under the terms of the Freedom of Information Act , 1997, which came into effect in April 1998. The Information Commissioner may conduct reviews of the decisions of public bodies in relation to requests for access to information. In Republic of Ireland Ireland , the Information Commissioner also holds the position of Ombudsman . The first holder of the office was Kevin Murphy Irish ombudsman Kevin Murphy . In March 2003, the Government of Ireland nominated Emily O Reilly to be Information Commissioner and Ombudsman . United Kingdom In the United Kingdom , the Information Commissioner s Office is responsible for regulating compliance with the Data Protection Act 1998 , Freedom of Information Act 2000 and the Environmental Information ... Information Commissioner Ireland website http europa.eu.int information society text en.htm Europe s Information Society http www.ico.gov.uk Information Commissioner s Office UK website Category Freedom of information Commissioner Category Data privacy ... Information Commissioner . Other European States All other countries of the European Union ... more details
in the UK Durant case. ref Durant v FSA 2003 EWCA Civ 1746. ref The Privacy Act creates an Office of the PrivacyCommissioner and a PrivacyCommissioner ref http www.oaic.gov.au Office of the PrivacyCommissioner website ref in Australia. Section 36 of the Act states that Australians may appeal to this Commissioner if they feel their privacy rights have been compromised, unless the privacy was violated by an organisation that has its own dispute resolution mechanisms under an approved Privacy Code. The Commissioner, who may decide to investigate complaints and in some cases must investigate ... against decisions of the Commissioner except in very limited circumstances. Section 45 of the Privacy Act allows the Commissioner to interview the people themselves, and the people might have to swear an oath to tell the truth. Anyone who fails to answer the Commissioner may be subject to a Fine ... of the Privacy Act, the Commissioner is also given immunity against any lawsuits that he or she might ... materials types infosheets view 6541 IPP , Office of the Australian Information Commissioner, URL ...The Privacy Act 1988 is an Australian law dealing with the privacy Section 14 of the Act stipulates a number of privacy rights known as the Information Privacy Principles. These principles apply to Australian ... unless this is specifically prohibited by law. 2000 amendments The Privacy Act was amended in 2000 to cover the private sector. Schedule 3 of the Privacy Act sets out a significantly different set of privacy principles the National Privacy Principles which apply to private sector organisations ... information out of Australia. State legislation Privacy principles substantially the same as the NPPs ... and Territories, namely the Information Privacy Act 2000 Victoria , Information Act 2002 Northern Territory , and Personal Information Protection Act 2004 Tasmania . Administration Australia s privacy principles, both IPPs and NPPs, depend upon the meaning of personal information as defined in Privacy ... more details
File Office of the Identity Commissioner logo.svg thumb Office of the Identity Commissioner logo The Identity Commissioner officially known as the National Identity Scheme Commissioner is an independent regulator in the United Kingdom appointed under the National identity card United Kingdom Identity Cards Act 2006 based in London. Following the formation of the Cameron Ministry Conservative Liberal Democrat Coalition after the United Kingdom general election, 2010 2010 General Election , it was announced that the ID cards scheme was to be scrapped. ref http www.conservatives.com News News stories 2010 05 Coalition Agreement published.aspx Conservative Liberal Democrat Coalition Agreement , Conservative ... the Identity Commissioner s first annual report, outlining the work of the Commissioner since the creation of the Office of the Identity Commissioner on 1 October 2009. The report is available ... Bill 2010 , published on May 27, 2010, includes the abolition of the Identity Commissioner. ref ... May 27, 2010 ref First commissioner appointed The Identity Commissioner is appointed by the Home ... Service previously known as National Identity Scheme . The first Commissioner, Joseph Pilling Sir Joseph Pilling , took office on 1st October 2009. ref Home Office Website 14 Sep 2009 http press.homeoffice.gov.uk press releases first identity commissioner ref Role and powers of the Identity Commissioner Under the Identity Cards Act the Identity Commissioner has the power to review matters relating ... cards. The Identity Commissioner is also obliged to review arrangements i for securing the confidentiality ... Identity Commissioner s website . ref The Identity Commissioner s First Annual Report 2009 ref References Reflist 2 External links http www.identitycommissioner.org.uk The Identity Commissioner official site , launched October 1, 2009 Category Privacy organizations Category Non departmental public bodies of the United Kingdom government Category Home Office United Kingdom ... more details
for the January 28, 2012 Data Privacy day include California Office of Privacy Protection, Cyber Data Risk Managers, EDUCAUSE, Georgetown University , HaveProof.com, Indiana University , Office of the PrivacyCommissioner of Canada , reputation.com, Hogan Lovells , ref cite web title Hogan Lovells ...Infobox Holiday holiday name Data Privacy Day type longtype image caption official name nickname observedby begins ends date January 28 date2009 celebrations observances relatedto Data Privacy Day is an international ... 2008 01 celebrating data privacy.html title Celebrating data privacy author Peter ... 2008 ref The purpose of Data Privacy Day is to raise awareness and promote information privacy data privacy education. It is currently celebrated in the United States, Canada, and 27 European countries. Data Privacy Day s educational initiative originally focused on raising awareness among teens and young adults about the importance of protecting the privacy of their personal information online ..., Data Privacy Day promotes events and activities that stimulate the development of technology tools that promote individual control over personally identifiable information encourage compliance with privacy ... protection and privacy. The international celebration offers many opportunities for collaboration among governments, industry, academia, nonprofits, privacy professionals and educators. The Convention ... on Cybercrime is also protecting the integrity of data systems and thus of privacy in cyberspace. Privacy including data protection is also protected by Article 8 of the European Convention ... Data Privacy Day. ref http thomas.loc.gov cgi bin bdquery z?d111 h.res.00031 H.Res.31 Expressing support for the designation of January 28, 2009 as National Data Privacy Day ref On January 28, 2009, the Senate passed Senate Resolution 25 also recognizing January 28, 2009 as National Data Privacy Day. The United States Senate also recognized Data Privacy Day in 2010 and in 2011. Data Privacy Day ... more details
if the information is inaccurate section 12 . The PrivacyCommissioner of Canada receives and investigates ... important court decision concerning the Privacy Act are Canada Information Commissioner v. Canada Commissioner ...The Privacy Act is Canadian federal legislation that came into effect on July 1, 1983. ref cite web url http privcom.gc.ca fs fi 02 05 d 15 e.asp title Privacy Legislation in Canada accessdate 2006 08 ... deal with data privacy personal information of individuals . Some salient provisions of the legislation ... 2003scc8.html considering the definition of personal information in section 3 of the Privacy Act ... holding that section 51 2 a of the Privacy Act is unconstitutional because it requires that the entire hearing of certain applications to Federal Court be held in camera Lavigne v. Canada Office of the Commissioner of Official Languages , 2002 SCC 53 http scc.lexum.umontreal.ca en 2002 2002scc53 2002scc53.html holding that the Privacy Act is quasi constitutional legislation, and considering ... of lawful investigations Privacy Act Can. Re , 2001 SCC 89 http scc.lexum.umontreal.ca en 2001 2001scc89 2001scc89.html holding that the Privacy Act was not violated by a program whereby Canada ... 403 1997rcs2 403.html the first major Supreme Court of Canada decision to consider the Privacy Act References reflist http laws lois.justice.gc.ca eng acts P 21 index.html Privacy Act http scc.lexum.umontreal.ca en subject privacy.html Supreme Court of Canada decisions on privacy http reports.fja.gc.ca en subject privacy.html Federal Court Reports subject privacy External links http www.privacylawyer.ca blog index.html The Canadian Privacy Law Blog A regularly updated blog on issues related to Canadian privacy law written by David T.S. Fraser, a Canadian privacy lawyer. See also Privacy law Information Privacy Laws Data privacy Access to Information Act Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act Info Source repository of information available through Privacy Act and Access ... more details
colwidth 30em External links http privacy.org.nz The Office of the PrivacyCommissioner http ... Commissioner. ref http www.legislation.govt.nz act public 1993 0028 latest DLM296639.html Privacy Act 1993, ss 66 67. ref The PrivacyCommissioner investigates the complaint and undertakes a process ... latest DLM297058.html DLM297058 Privacy Act 1993 s 14. ref The PrivacyCommissioner is able to make ... Covenant on Civil and Political Rights , both of which contain a right to privacy . ref Universal ... Despite this, currently there is no general right to privacy in New Zealand law. ref Brooker v Police 2007 NZSC 30 2007 2 NZLR 91 at 164 . ref Privacy tends to hold the status of a value or an interest, rather than a right. ref Steven Penk and Rosemary Tobin, Privacy Law in New Zealand Brookers Ltd, Wellington, 2010 at 21 22 ref Privacy interests are protected by legislation in many specific areas, and in recent years a general tort of invasion of privacy has developed. ref http www.legislation.govt.nz act public 1993 0028 latest DLM296639.html See Privacy Act 1993 http www.legislation.govt.nz ... 1 ref Support for the recognition of privacy as a right has been given by two Supreme Court judges, and in August ... of Privacy, throughout which it makes many recommendations of changes to privacy law in New Zealand ... Law Commission Review of the Privacy Act Key Recommendations ref New Zealand Bill of Rights Act ... Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990, long title. ref however no express right to privacy is included in the Act. Despite the lack of an express right, privacy is the foundation for many of the rights contained ... of Rights Act, s 21 Steven Penk and Rosemary Tobin, Privacy Law in New Zealand at 18. ref The fact that a right to privacy is not included in BORA does not affect or invalidate it in any way. ref ... Act 1990, s 28 . ref It is suggested that privacy was not included in BORA due to its difficulty ... 94 . ref Privacy Act 1993 New Zealand does have a statute entitled the Privacy Act 1993. However ... more details
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