Taxobox image image width image caption domain Eukaryota regnum Chromalveolata superphylum Alveolata phylum Apicomplexa classis Conoidasida ordo Eucoccidiorida subordo Adeleorina familia Adeleidae family authority Mesnil 1903 subfamilia subfamily authority genus Chagasella genus authority Machado 1912 subdivision ranks Species subdivision Chagasella ganapatii br Chagasella hartmanni br Chagasella is a genus of parasitic protozoa of the phylum Apicomplexa . Species in this genus infect insects of the order Hemiptera and of the family Termitoidae . Taxonomy Two species are recognised in this genus. Description The species in this genus are parasitic in arthropod s. These parasite appear to be spread via the orofaecal route and infect the gastrointestinal tract and salivary glands of the insect host. They form ovoid oocyst s in the gut wall. There are three Apicomplexa lifecycle stages sporocysts per oocyte and 4 6 possibly more sporozoites per sporocyst. The meorozoites are banana shaped. The spores are not confined by an oocyst membrane. Gibbs in 1944 showed that after the first division of the zygote nucleus in the oocyst, only one of the two daughter nuclei divides. ref name Gibbs1944 Gibbs AJ 1944 Chagasella sp. Protozoa, Coccidia found in the salivary glands of Cenaeus carnifex Fabr. Insecta, Hemiptera . S. African J. Med. Set. Biol. Sup pi. 9, 55 62 ref This differential division, by analogy with Adelina deronis , may indicate maleness for the nucleus that divided and femaleness for the one that does not. Host records Amitermes species Red bug Cenaeus carnifex References reflist Alveolata Category Apicomplexa Chromalveolate stub ... more details
Taxobox color greenyellow name Dactylosoma domain Eukarya regnum Chromalveolata superphylum Alveolata phylum Apicomplexa classis Conoidasida subclassis Coccidia ordo Eucoccidiorida subordo Adeleorina familia Dactylosomatidae genus Dactylosoma subdivision ranks Species subdivision Dactylosoma hannesi br Dactylosoma jahni br Dactylosoma lethrinorum br Dactylosoma mariae br Dactylosoma notopterae br Dactylosoma ranarum br Dactylosoma salvelini br Dactylosoma splendens br Dactylosoma sylvatica br Dactylosoma taiwanensis br Dactylosoma is a genus of parasitic protozoa of the phylum Apicomplexia . ref name Mamwell1964 Mamwell RD 1964 The genus Dactylosoma . J Protozool 11 526 530 ref Species in this genus have two hosts in their life cycle the vertebrate host is a fish or amphibian possibly also reptile s and the invertebrate host is a glossiphoniid leech Glossiphoniidae . The type species is Dactylosoma ranarum . History This genus was described by Labb in 1894. Description Protozoal merogony Merogony Schizont s in this genus produce 6 to 16 merozoite s by simultaneous exogenous budding. These typically are found in a fan shaped arrangement. This occurs within the erythrocyte s. Secondary merogony produces 6 smaller merozoites that are destined to become intraerythrocytic gamont s. Gametogony The gametocyte s are larger, elongated forms derived from some of the merozoite s. Oocyst s are formed after fertilization in the leech intestine. 30 or more sporozoite s are produced by exogenous budding directly in the cytoplasm of the intestinal epithelial cells. No oocyst wall is formed. References Reflist Alveolata Protist stub Category Apicomplexa ... more details
Taxobox name Dorisa image image caption domain Eukaryota regnum Chromalveolata superphylum Alveolata phylum Apicomplexa classis Conoidasida subclassis Coccidia sina ordo Eucoccidiorida subordo Eimeriorina familia Eimeriidae genus Dorisa subdivision ranks Species subdivision Dorisa aethiopsaris br Dorisa arizonensis br Dorisa bengalensis br Dorisa chakravartyi br Dorisa graculae br Dorisa hareni br Dorisa harpia br Dorisa hoarei br Dorisa indica br Dorisa mandali br Dorisa passeries br Dorisa rayi br Dorisa vagabundae br Dorisa is a genus of parasitic protozoa in the phylum Apicomplexa . The genus was separated from the genus Dorisiella by Levine in 1908. ref name Levine1980 Levine ND 1980 Dorisa n. gen. Protozoa, Apicomplexa, Eimeriidae . J Parasitol 66 1 11 ref Dorisiella was created for a parasite infecting a marine polychaete by Ray in 1930. Levine separated off a number of species that while morphologically similar occurred in vertebrates rather that polychaetes. Life cycle The species in this genus infect the gasterointestinal wall of vertebrates. Description Genus diagnosis is dependent on the oocyst there is a definite cell wall in this genus whereas in Dorisiella the oocyst wall is membrane like. Host records D. harpia lesser hairy winged bat Harpiocephalus harpia Harpiocephalus harpia lasyurus References reflist Alveolata Category Apicomplexa ... more details
Taxobox name Apicomplexa domain Eukaryota regnum Chromalveolata superphylum Alveolata phylum Apicomplexa classis Conoidasida subclassis Coccidia ordo Agamococcidiorida subdivision ranks Families & Genera subdivision Gemmocystidae br Gemmocystis Rhytidocystidae br Rhytidocystis Agamococcidiorida is an Order biology order within the Class biology subclass Coccidia of the phylum Apicomplexia . ref name Levine1979 Levine ND 1979 Agamococcidiorida ord. n. and Rhytidocystidae fam. n. for the coccidian genus Rhytidocystis Henneguy, 1907. J Protozool 26 2 167 168 ref All members of this order are parasitic protozoa . They are found in marine annelid s. Life cycle Both Protozoal merogony merogony and gametogony are absent in this order. The oocyst s contain Apicomplexa lifecycle stages sporocysts with two sporozoite s each. References reflist alveolata Category Apicomplexa chromalveolate stub ... more details
unreferenced date March 2010 Infectious dose ID is the amount of pathogen measured in number of microorganisms required to cause an infection in the host. Usually it varies according to the pathogenic agent and the consumer s age and overall health. Infectious doses for some known microorganisms Escherichia coli very large 10 sup 6 sup 10 sup 8 sup of organisms Salmonella quite large 10 sup 5 sup of organisms Cholera relatively large 10 sup 4 sup 10 sup 6 sup of organisms Bacillus anthracis relatively large 10 sup 4 sup spores Campylobacter jejuni low 500 organisms Shigella very low 10s of organisms C.parvum very low 10 to 30 oocyst s Escherichia coli O157 H7 very low 10 organisms Entamoeba coli extremely low from 1 cyst Consumer Food Safety Category Food safety Category Foodborne illnesses Category Infectious diseases Category Nutrition Category Microbiology ... more details
Taxobox domain Eukarya regnum Chromalveolata superphylum Alveolata phylum Apicomplexa classis Aconoidasida subclassis Haemosporidiasina ordo Achromatorida familia Anthemosomatidae genus Anthemosoma subdivision ranks Species subdivision Anthemosoma garnhami br Anthemosoma is a genus of parasitic protozoa of the phylum Apicomplexia. There is only one species recognised in this genus a parasite of mammal s. History The genus was described in 1969 by Landau, Boulard and Housin. ref name Landau I, Boulard Y, Housin R. 1969 Anthemosoma garnhami n. g. n. sp., 1st Dactylosomidae known in mammals. C R Acad Sci Hebd Seances Acad Sci D. 268 5 873 875 ref Description Although polar ring s and rhoptries are present other typical Apicomplexian features including conoid , flagella e, oocyst s, Apicomplexa lifecycle stages sporocysts and pseudocyst s are absent. The species parasitises erythrocyte s. It is heteroxenous with Protozoal merogony merogony and gamogony in the vertebrate host. Fertilization and sporogony in the invertebrate host. Meront s These occur in erythrocytes. 5 32 merozoites are produced by budding. Gamont s These are spheroid or ovoid. References reflist Alveolata Category Apicomplexa Protist stub ... more details
italic title Taxobox name image image caption domain Eukaryota regnum Chromalveolata superphylum Alveolata phylum Apicomplexa classis Conoidasida subclassis Coccidiasina ordo Eucoccidiorida subordo Eimeriorina familia genus Hoarella subdivision ranks Species subdivision Hoarella garnhami br Hoarella is a genus of parasitic protozoa in the phylum Apicomplexa . This genus infects reptile s. Only one species Hoarella garnhami in this genus is recognised. Description This genus was described in 1963 by Arcay de Peraza. ref name dePeraza1963 Arcay de Peraza 1963 Studies on two new coccidia from the Venezuelan lizard Cnemidophorus lemniscatus lemniscatus Hoarella garnhami gen.nov., sp.nov. and Eimeria flaviviridis americana subsp.nov. Parasitology 53 95 107 ref The meront s and gamont s are found within the intestinal wall. The oocyst s have 16 Apicomplexa lifecycle stages sporocysts each of which has 2 sporozoite s. The life cycle is currently not known. Host range This species is found in the rainbow whiptail lizard Cnemidophorus lemniscatus . References reflist Alveolata Category Apicomplexa protist stub id Eucoccidiorida it Eucoccidiorida ... more details
Taxobox name Eimeriorina domain Eukaryota regnum Chromalveolata superphylum Alveolata phylum Apicomplexa classis Conoidasida subclassis Coccidia sina ordo Eucoccidiorida subordo Eimeriorina familia Eimeriidae genus Diaspora subdivision ranks Species subdivision Diaspora hydatidea br Diaspora is a genus in the phylum Apicomplexa This genus was created by Leger in 1898. ref name Leger1898 Leger L 1898 Essai sur la classification des coccidies et description de quelques especes nouvelles ou peu connues. Annales du Musee d Histoire Naturelle de Marseille, Serie II, Bulletin Notes Zoologiques, Geologiques, Paleontologiques Varietes 1 71 123 ref Taxonomy There is one species in this genus Diaspora hydatidea . This species was isolated from a millipede Polydesmus species This genus was created for was created for those Eimeriidae whose oocyst s are unknown but have Apicomplexa lifecycle stages sporocysts each containing a single sporozoite . As such it is poorly defined and may be revised in the future. References reflist Alveolata Category Apicomplexa Chromalveolate stub ... more details
Taxobox image image width image caption domain Eukaryota regnum Chromalveolata superphylum Alveolata phylum Apicomplexa classis Conoidasida ordo Eucoccidiorida subordo Adeleorina familia Adeleidae family authority Mesnil 1903 subfamilia subfamily authority genus Ganapatiella genus authority Kalavati, 1977 subdivision ranks Species subdivision Ganapatiella odontotermi br Ganapatiella is a genus of parasitic protozoa of the phylum Apicomplexa . The genus was created by Kalavati in 1977. ref name Kalavati1977 Kalavati C 1977 Morphology and life cycle of a new adeleid coccidian, Ganapatiella odontotermi n. gen. n. sp. from the adipose tissue of Odontotermes obesus . Archiv fur Protistenkunde 119 3 ref Taxonomy There is one species known in this genus. Description This species is found in the fat body of the termite Odontotermes obesus . The oocyst s contain many Apicomplexa lifecycle stages sporocysts , each of which encloses 2 sporozoite s. Instead of the usual 1 4, eight microgamete s from each microgamont during syzygy . References reflist Alveolata Category Apicomplexa Chromalveolate stub ... more details
This article is about Isospora hammondi Barnard et al., 1971, infecting rice rats. See Isospora datusi for the species sometimes known as Isospora hammondi Frenkel, 1974 . ref Tadros and Laarman, 1982, p. 332 ref Taxobox regnum Chromalveolata phylum Apicomplexa classis Conoidasida ordo Eucoccidiorida familia Eimeriidae genus Isospora species I. hammondi binomial Isospora hammondi binomial authority Barnard, Ernst, and Stevens, 1971 Isospora hammondi is an apicomplexa n parasite of the genus Isospora that infects the marsh rice rat Oryzomys palustris . It was discovered at Tuskegee National Forest , Macon County, Alabama Macon County , Alabama, and formally described in 1971. ref name Bea1293 Barnard et al., 1971, p. 1293 ref The specific name zoology specific name honors Dr. Datus M. Hammond of Utah State University . ref name Bea1294 Barnard et al., 1971, p. 1294 ref The oocyst is about egg shaped and has a smooth, single layered wall about 1 m thick. It is 24 to 30 m long and 16 to 21 m broad when sporulation sporulated . There are two Apicomplexan cellular morphology sporocyst , 13 to 18 m long and 11 to 15 m broad, with four sporozoite s each. The sporozoites are placed parallel along the long axis of the sporocyst. The sporozoites are slightly curved in form and sausage shaped and lack refractile globule s. Near one end, there is one a light, rounded cell nucleus nuclear region. ref name Bea1294 Unlike most rodent infecting Isospora species, I. hammondi lacks both an oocyst residuum and Stieda bodies . Most other species that also lack both of these structures have a differently shaped oocyst. Two other species Isospora uralica from the field mouse Apodemus sylvaticus and Isospora ordubadica from the gerbil Meriones persicus differ in size and other details. ref name Bea1295 Barnard et al., 1971, p. 1295 ref In Alabama, I. hammondi was recovered in 3 of 19 examined marsh rice rats. At room temperature, ... more details
in Syzygy biology syzygy . Gametes are formed and fuse forming an oocyst . The oocysts are star shaped. The oocyst undergoes meiosis and then mitosis producing numerous sporozoite s. These sporozoites ... more details
the cell and undergoes meiosis followed by several rounds of mitosis . The ookinte is now known as an oocyst. Within the oocyst the nuclei migrate to the surface of the oocyst and gather cytoplasm around ... s. These which are very active. On release from the oocyst the sporokinetes migrate throughout ... more details
Taxobox regnum Chromalveolata phylum Apicomplexa classis Conoidasida ordo Eucoccidiorida familia Eimeriidae genus Eimeria species E. couesii binomial Eimeria couesii binomial authority Kruidenier, Levine, and Ivens, 1960 Eimeria couesii is an apicomplexa n parasite of the genus Eimeria that infects the intestine of the Oryzomyini rice rat Oryzomys couesi in Mexico. ref Kruidenier et al., 1960 Barnard et al., 1971, p. 1294 ref It has an oocyst residuum and Stieda bodies , structures that are absent in some other Eimeria . ref Barnard et al., 1974, p. 410 ref References reflist Literature cited Barnard, W.P., Ernst, J.V. and Stevens, R.O. 1971. http www.jstor.org stable 3277983 Eimeria palustris sp. n. and Isospora hammondi sp. n. Coccidia Eimeriidae from the marsh rice rat, Oryzomys palustris Harlan subscription required . The Journal of Parasitology 57 6 1293 1296. Barnard, W.P., Ernst, J.V. and Dixon, C.F. 1974. http www.jstor.org stable 3278353 Coccidia of the cotton rat, Sigmodon hispidus , from Alabama subscription required . The Journal of Parasitology 60 3 406 414. Kruidenier, F.J., Levine, N.D. and Ivens, V. 1960. Eimeria Protozoa Eimeriidae from the rice rat and pygmy mouse in Mexico. Transactions of the Illinois Academy of Sciences 52 100 101. only Zoological Record summary seen Category Apicomplexa ... more details
italic title Taxobox color khaki name Vetufebrus image domain Eukaryota unranked phylum Alveolata phylum Apicomplexa classis Aconoidasida ordo Haemosporida familia Plasmodiidae genus Vetufebrus subdivision ranks Species subdivision Vetufebrus ovatus br Vetufebrus is an extinct genus of haemospororida that was described from Dominica n amber dating to the mid Tertiary era. ref name Poinar2011 Poinar GO Jr 2011 Vetufebrus ovatus n . gen ., n . sp . Haemospororida Plasmodiidae vectored by a streblid bat fly Diptera Streblidae in Dominican amber. Parasit Vectors 4 1 229 ref The genus name is from the Latin words vetus old and febris fever . The species name is derived from the Latin ovatus oval, egg shaped and refers to the shape of the oocysts. Although members of the Nycteribiidae transmit bat malaria presently, extant streblids have never been implemented as vectors of bat malaria. The description of this genus shows that these species have transmitted bat malaria in the past. Description This species was described from two oocyst s attached to the midgut wall and from sporozoite s in salivary gland s and ducts of a fossil bat fly . The oocysts are ovoid and the sporozoites are short and stubby with rounded ends. References reflist Category Apicomplexa ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Spirocystis image image caption domain Eukaryota regnum Chromalveolata superphylum Alveolata phylum Apicomplexa classis Conoidasida subclassis Coccidia sina ordo Eucoccidiorida subordo Eimeriorina familia Eimeriidae genus Wenyonella subdivision ranks Species subdivision Wenyonella africana br Wenyonella ameivae br Wenyonella anatis br Wenyonella arcayae br Wenyonella baghdadensis br Wenyonella bahli br Wenyonella columbae br Wenyonella gagari br Wenyonella gallinae br Wenyonella hoarei br Wenyonella levinei br Wenyonella mackinnonae br Wenyonella maligna br Wenyonella markovi br Wenyonella parva br Wenyonella pellerdyi br Wenyonella philiplevinei br Wenyonella uelensis br Wenyonella is a genus of parasitic protozoa in the phylum Apicomplexa . The genus was described in 1933 by Hoare. ref name Hoare1933 Hoare CA 1933 Studies on some new ophidian and avian coccidia from Uganda, with a revision of the classification of the Eimeriidea . Parasitology 25 359 388 ref The type species is Wenyonella africana . Description The species in this genus have oocyst s with four Apicomplexa lifecycle stages sporocysts each sporocyst gives rise to four sporozoite s. They are found in the gasterointestinal tracts of reptile s, bird s and mammal s. References Reflist Alveolata Category Apicomplexa ... more details
Taxobox image image width image caption domain Eukaryota regnum Chromalveolata superphylum Alveolata phylum Apicomplexa classis Conoidasida ordo Protococcidiorida subordo familia Eleutheroschizonidae family authority subfamilia subfamily authority genus Defretinella genus authority Henner 1966 subdivision ranks Species subdivision Defretinella eulaliae br Defretinella is a genus of parasitic protozoa of the phylum Apicomplexa . Taxonomy This genus had been placed in the family Barrouxiidae by Levine ref name Levine1983 Levine ND 1983 The genera Barrouxia , Defretinella , and Goussia of the coccidian family Barrouxiidae Protozoa, Apicomplexa . J Euk Micro 30 3 542 547 ref but has since been moved to the family Eleutheroschizonidae . There is one species recognised in this genus Defretinella eulaliae . Description This species infects a polychete species the green leaf worm Eulalia viridis . ref name Hennere1966 Hennere E 1966 Stades evolutifs de deux coccidies parasites d annelides polychetes Myriosporides amphiglenae , gen. n., sp. n., parasite de Amphiglena mediterranea Claparede Sabellidae Defretinella eulaliae , gen. n., sp. n., parasite de Eulalia viridis Muller Phyllododidae . Comptes Rendus de l Academie des Sciences, Series D 262 890 893 ref The oocyst s contain 50 bivalved Apicomplexa lifecycle stages sporocysts each sporocyst in its turn contains numerous sporozoites. The sporocysts are bivlaved. References reflist Alveolata Category Apicomplexa Chromalveolate stub ... more details
Taxobox image image width image caption domain Eukaryota regnum Chromalveolata superphylum Alveolata phylum Apicomplexa classis Conoidasida ordo Eucoccidiorida subordo Eimeriorina familia Eimeriidae family authority Minchin 1903 subfamilia subfamily authority genus Gibbsia genus authority Levine 1986 subdivision ranks Species subdivision Gibbsia archiuli br Gibbsia is a genus of parasitic protozoa of the phylum Apicomplexa . There is only one species known in this genus. Taxonomy This genus was created by Levine for a species of protozoa that were discovered by Gibbs in 1952. ref name Levine1986 Levine ND 1986 Gibbsia archiuli Apicomplexa, Eucoccidiorida n. g., n. sp. from the millipede Archiulus moreleti . J Euk Micro 33 2 300 301 ref Description The only known species in this genus was found in South Africa . It infects the garden millipede Archiulus moreleti . Merogony , gamogony and sporogony occur within the host s blood cells. Microgamete s are not flagellated. Oocyst s contain four Apicomplexa lifecycle stages sporocyst s. Each sporocyst has a single sporozoite . References reflist Alveolata Category Apicomplexa Chromalveolate stub ... more details
italic title Taxobox domain Eukaryota regnum Chromalveolata superphylum Alveolata phylum Apicomplexa classis Conoidasida subclassis Coccidia sina ordo Agamococcidiorida ordo authority Levine 1979 familia Gemmocystidae familia authority Levine 1979 genus Gemmocystis genus authority Upton & Peters 1986 subdivision ranks Species subdivision Gemmocystis cylindrus small Upton & Peters 1986 small br Rhytidocystis is a genus of apicomplexan . ref name Upton1986 Upton S J, Peters EC 1986 A new and unusual species of coccidium Apicomplexa Agamococcidiorida from Jamaican scleractinian corals. J Invert Pathol 47 184 193 ref This genus is parasitic on scleractinian corals Agaricia agaricites , Dendrogyra cylindrus , Diploria strigosa , Meandrina meandrites , Montastraea cavernosa , Porites astreoides , Porites porites and is found in the Caribbean . Very little is know about the species in this genus. G. cylindrus was isolated from within the gastrodermal cells of the mesenterial filaments of the coral. Only the oocyst s and released sporozoite s have been described. The parasites were isolated from bleached coral but their role if any in this sign is not known. Taxonomy There is one species known in this genus Notes References Reflist Alveolata Category Apicomplexa Chromalveolate stub ... more details
Taxobox image image width image caption domain Eukaryota regnum Chromalveolata superphylum Alveolata phylum Apicomplexa classis Conoidasida ordo Eucoccidiorida subordo Adeleorina familia Adeleidae family authority Mesnil 1903 subfamilia subfamily authority genus Orcheobius genus authority Schuberg & Kunze, 1906 subdivision ranks Species subdivision Orcheobius carinii br Orcheobius herpobdellae br Orcheobius is a genus of parasitic protozoa of the phylum Apicomplexa . ref name Schuberg1096 Schuberg &. Kunze 1906 Ein Coccidium aus Herpobdella atomariu Car. Nephelis vulgaris Moq. Tand. . Arch Protistenk 9, 382 429 ref History The genus was created by Schuberg and Kunze in 1906. Taxonomy There are two species known in this genus. Description The oocyst s have 25 or more Apicomplexa lifecycle stages sporocysts . Each sporocyst produces 4 sporozoite s. The gamont s are elongated. During syngny, four microgamete s associate with the macrogamete . One microgamete penetrates the macrogamete and the remaining three die off. Host records O. carinii frog Leptodactylus ocellatus O. herpobdellae leech Herpobdella atomaria References reflist Alveolata Category Apicomplexa Chromalveolate stub ... more details
Taxobox image image width image caption domain Eukaryota regnum Chromalveolata superphylum Alveolata phylum Apicomplexa classis Conoidasida ordo Eucoccidiorida subordo Adeleorina familia Adeleidae family authority Mesnil 1903 subfamilia subfamily authority genus Rasajeyna genus authority Beesley, 1977 subdivision ranks Species subdivision Rasajeyna nannyla br Rasajeyna is a genus of parasitic protozoa in the phylum Apicomplexa . This genus has been little studied and not much is known about these protozoa. History This genus was created in 1977 by Beesley. ref name Beesley1977 Beesley JE 1977 The incidence of Rasajeyna nannyla in Tipula paludosa and Tipula vittata at two sites in Northumberland England. J Invert Path 30, 249 254 ref Taxonomy There is one species in this genus Description These protozoa infect the midgut of Tipula species craneflies . They are transmitted by the orofaecal route. The oocyst is somewhat unusual with a double layered wall which surrounds up to 18 Apicomplexa lifecycle stages sporocysts . Each sporocyst contain only a single sporozoite . Host records Tipula paludosa Tipula vittata References reflist Alveolata Category Parasitic protists Category Apicomplexa ... more details
Taxobox image image width image caption domain Eukaryota regnum Chromalveolata superphylum Alveolata phylum Apicomplexa classis Conoidasida ordo Eucoccidiorida subordo Adeleorina familia Adeleidae family authority subfamilia subfamily authority genus Legerella genus authority Mesnil, 1900 subdivision ranks Species subdivision Legerella helminthorum br Legerella hydropori br Legerella nova br Legerella parva br Legerella testiculi br Legerella is a genus of parasitic protozoa of the phylum Apicomplexa . ref name Tuzet1951 Tuzet O, Manier JF 1951 Le cycle de Legerella nova Schneider, coccidie parasite des tubes de Malpighi du Glomeris marginata Villers, et son observation par le microscope contraste de phases 11 13 Annales des sciences naturelles Zoologie et biologie animale ref Species in this genus that usually infect the malpighian tubule s of invertebrate s. Legerella helminthorum infects the intestinal cells of the nematode Mononchus composticola Legerella testiculi infects the testes of the millipede Glomeris marginata . The type species is Legerella nova . History The genus was created by Mesnil in 1900. Taxonomy There are five species known in this genus. Description The oocyst contains numerous sporozoite s. Apicomplexa lifecycle stages Sporocysts do not occur. Host records L. helminthorum nematode Mononchus composticola L. hydropori beetle Hydroporus palustris L. testiculi millipede Glomeris marginata References reflist Alveolata Category Apicomplexa Chromalveolate stub ... more details
Chembox ImageFile Dichlorine dioxide.svg ImageSize 200px IUPACName Dichlorine dioxide OtherNames Section1 Chembox Identifiers CASNo PubChem 123287 ChemSpiderID 109895 SMILES ClOOCl InChI 1 Cl2O2 c1 3 4 2 InChIKey MAYPHUUCLRDEAZ UHFFFAOYAP StdInChI 1S Cl2O2 c1 3 4 2 StdInChIKey MAYPHUUCLRDEAZ UHFFFAOYSA N Section2 Chembox Properties Formula Cl sub 2 sub O sub 2 sub MolarMass 102.905 g mol Appearance Density MeltingPt BoilingPt Solubility Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition Dichlorine dioxide is one of the Chlorine oxide oxides of chlorine . It is a reaction intermediate of photochemical reactions in atmosphere . It can be formed through the combination of two chlorine monoxide radical chemistry radicals . ref cite journal title Infrared Spectrum of Dichlorine Dioxide ClO 2 journal The Journal of Chemical Physics date 1968 01 01 volume 48 issue 5 pages 2373 doi 10.1063 1.1669442 last Alcock first William G. ref ref cite journal author D G Korich, J R Mead, M S Madore, N A Sinclair and C R Sterling title Effects of ozone, chlorine dioxide, chlorine, and monochloramine on Cryptosporidium parvum oocyst viability journal Appl. Environ. Microbiol. year 1990 month 5 volume 56 issue 5 ref References reflist Chlorine compounds Inorganic compound stub Category Inorganic chlorine compounds Category Acidic oxides zh ... more details
Taxobox image image width 210px image caption Eimeria maxima oocysts domain Eukaryota regnum Chromalveolata superphylum Alveolata phylum Apicomplexa classis Conoidasida ordo Eucoccidiorida familia Eimeriidae family authority Minchin 1903 genus Tyzzeria genus authority subdivision ranks Species subdivision Tyzzeria allenae br Tyzzeria anseris br Tyzzeria boae br Tyzzeria chalcides br Tyzzeria chenicusae br Tyzzeria galli br Tyzzeria natrix br Tyzzeria parvula br Tyzzeria pellerdyi br Tyzzeria peomysci br Tyzzeria perdyi br Tyzzeria perniciosa br Tyzzeria typhlopis br Tyzzeria is a genus of parasitic protozoa that with one exception Tyzzeria boae infect the cells of the small intestine . ref http wildlife1.wildlifeinformation.org S 0zProctista apic tyzzeria tyzzeria.htm ref History The genus Tyzzeria was first described by Allen in 1936. ref name Allen1936 Allen EA 1936 Tyzzeria perniciosa gen . et sp . nov ., a coccidium from the small intestine of Pekin Duck, Anas domesticus L. Archiv f r Protistenkunde 87, 262 267 ref As is all too common in protozoal taxonomy the validity of several of the species is controversial. Species occurring in Anseriforme birds appear to be valid whereas the other species may be misidentifications. The application of DNA based methods it is to be hoped will resolve these matters. Description The oocyst s lack sporocysts each oocyst possesses eight sporozoite s. Host parasite relations Tyzzeria allenae common goldeneye Chenicus coromandelianus br Tyzzeria boae red tailed boa Boa constrictor Boa constrictor constrictor br Tyzzeria chalcides ocellated skink Chalcides ocellatus br Tyzzeria chenicusae common goldeneye Chenicus coromandelianus br Tyzzeria galli Ceylon jungle fowl Gallus lafayettei br Tyzzeria natrix yamakagashi Rhabdophis tigrinus br Tyzzeria parvula greater white fronted goose Anser albifrons , greylag goose Anser anser , snow goose Anser caerulescens , Ross goose Anser rossii , brent goose Branta bernicla , Canada goose Brant ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Cyclospora cayetanensis.jpg Caption Cyclospora cayetanensis DiseasesDB 32228 ICD10 ICD10 A 07 8 a 00 ICD9 ICD9 007.5 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj ped eMedicineTopic 527 MeshID D021866 Cyclosporiasis is an infection with the protozoan Cyclospora cayetanensis , a pathogen transmitted by feces or feces contaminated fresh produce and water. Outbreak s have been reported due to contaminated raspberry raspberries . It is not spread from person to person. It can be a cause of diarrhea for travelers. Mode of infection When an oocyst of Cyclospora cayetanensis enters the small intestine and invades the mucosa it incubates for about one week. After incubation the person begins to experience severe watery diarrhea, bloating, fever, stomach cramps, and muscle aches. Oocysts can be present due to using contaminated water or human feces as fertilizer . This infection primarily affects humans and other primates. Diagnosis and treatment Diagnosis can be difficult due to the lack of recognizable oocysts in the feces. Using tests like PCR based DNA tests and Ziehl Neelsen stain acid fast staining can help with identification. The infection is often treated with Co trimoxazole , because traditional anti protozoan drugs are not sufficient. To prevent transmission through food, cook food and try to avoid drinking stream water while outdoors. References Talaro, Kathleen P. Foundations in Microbiology Fifth Edition. New York McGraw Hill Companies Inc., 2005. External links http www.healthocrates.com Cyclospora Infection Cyclospora Infection at Healthocates disease stub Chromalveolate diseases Category Protozoal diseases ca Ciclosporosi es Ciclosporosis id Siklosporiasis ... more details
Unreferenced date November 2006 Italictitle Taxobox color khaki name Eimeria stiedae regnum Chromalveolata superphylum Alveolata phylum Apicomplexa classis Conoidasida ordo Eucoccidiorida familia Eimeriidae genus Eimeria subdivision ranks Species subdivision E. stiedae Eimeria stiedae is a species of Eimeria that causes hepatic coccidiosis in rabbits . It was observed for the first time by Antoni van Leeuwenhoek in 1674. Life cycle The rabbits ingest sporulated oocysts . Sporulated oocysts contain four sporozoites that hatch and travel via the hepatic portal vein to the liver, and eventually penetrate the bile duct epithelium , where they undergo asexual reproduction known schizogony . Rupture of the schizont consequently causes epithelial cell rupture and death. Merozoites will penetrate other cells and create more merozoites for one to several rounds. Eventually, a merozoite becomes a male microgamecyte and asexually reproduces in epithelial cells. A ruptured microgamecyte infects a cell with the female macrogamecyte and through sexual reproduction create a zygote . The zygote develops a protective shell before expulsion in the bile excreation and then the feces as an oocyst. Pathogenesis and Pathology The schizonts in the bile duct cause bile duct hyperplasia , and blockage of bile ducts leading to hepatomegaly and hence icterus . Due to liver failure, the abdomen will be distended with fluid. Diagnosis The presence of oocysts on fecal flotation or impression smear of the liver are diagnostic for coccidiosis . The prepatent period is 18 days sporulation occurs after three days. DEFAULTSORT Eimeria Stiedae Category Apicomplexa Protist stub Veterinary med stub de Kokzidiose der Kaninchen ja wa Coccidi ze s robetes ... more details
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