Unreferenced date December 2009 An opticalinstrument either processes light wave s to enhance an image for viewing, or analyzes light waves or photon s to determine one of a number of characteristic properties. Image enhancement File Optical Devices England 1858.jpg thumb An illustration of some of the optical devices available for laboratory work in England in 1858. Further2 Viewing instrument The first optical instruments were telescope s used for magnification of distant images, and microscope s used for magnifying very tiny images. Since the days of Galileo and Van Leeuwenhoek , these instruments have been greatly improved and extended into other portions of the electromagnetic spectrum . The binoculars binocular device is a generally compact instrument for both eyes designed for mobile use. A camera could be considered a type of opticalinstrument, with the pinhole camera and camera obscura being very simple examples of such devices. Analysis Another class of opticalinstrument is used to analyze the properties of light or optical materials. They include Interferometer for measuring the Interference wave propagation interference properties of light waves Photometer for measuring ... or measuring a portion of the optical spectrum, for the purpose of chemical or material analysis ... be considered optical instruments as they analyse the color and intensity of the light emitted by a fluorochrome ... use refractometry to measure and analyze biomolecular interactions. Other optical devices Polarization controller See also Scientific instruments Commons category Optical devices DEFAULTSORT OpticalInstrument Category Optical devices ar bg el es Instrumento ptico fr Instrument d optique gl Instrumento ptico it Strumento ottico kk ml nl Optisch instrument ja pt Instrumento ptico ru sl Opti ni instrument zh ... more details
wiktionarypar instrumentInstrument may refer to Instrument film Instrument film , a documentary of the band Fugazi , directed by Jem Cohen Instruments application , a performance visualizer Science and technology Measuring instrument , a device used to measure or compare physical properties Electrical measurement instrument Electrical instrument , an instrument used to measure voltage , electric current , resistance, power, etc. Electronic measurement instrument Electronic instrument , a technical instrument of any kind that relies on electronics for its performance and accuracy. Also, any specialized electical instrument for making measurements in electronic equipment or devices. Scientific instrument , a device used to collect scientific data, often electronic in nature Laboratory equipment , the measuring tools used in a scientific laboratory, often electronic in nature Medical instrument , a device used to diagnose or treat diseases Flight instruments , the devices used to measure the speed, altitude, and pertinent flight angles of various kinds of aircraft Quantum instrument , a mathematical ... instrument , a device measuring parameters of a vehicle, such as its speed or position Weather instrument , a device used to record aspects of the weather Other Financial instrument , a formal documentation of a financial transaction Instrumental variable , a method used in statistics Legal instrument , a formal documentation of a status or transaction Musical instrument , a device designed to produce musical sounds Negotiable instrument , a type of contract Statutory instrument , a form of legislation See also Tool Instrumentation disambiguation disambig af Instrument ast Instrumentu cs Instrument da Instrument de Instrument es Instrumento fr Instrument gl Instrumento hr Instrument it Strumento la Instrumentum nl Instrument no Instrument nn Instrument pl Instrument pt Instrumento simple Instrument fi Instrumentti sv Instrument ur zh ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 For a mirror holder Mirror mount Orphan date November 2006 An optical mount is a device used to join a normal camera and another optical instrument, such as a microscope or telescope . The optical mount is generally attached to the camera as a camera lens lens would on one end, and fastened to the other instrument in a similar fashion. Optical mounts are used extensively in science scientific imaging applications in biology and astronomy . DEFAULTSORT Optical Mount Category Photography equipment Category Microscopy Category Astronomical instruments Photography stub ... more details
Optical engineering is the field of study that focuses on applications of optics . Optical engineers design components of opticalinstrument s such as lens optics lenses , microscope s, telescope s, and other equipment that utilizes the properties of light . Other devices include optical sensors and measurement systems, laser s, fiber optic communication systems, optical disc systems e.g. CD , DVD , etc. Because optical engineers want to design and build devices that make light do something useful, they must understand and apply the science of optics in substantial detail, in order to know what is physically possible to achieve physics and chemistry . However, they also must know what is practical in terms of available technology, materials, costs, design methods, etc. As with other fields of engineering, computer s are important to many perhaps most optical engineers. They are used with instruments, for simulation, in design, and for many other applications. Engineers often use general computer tools such as spreadsheet s and programming language s, and they make frequent use of specialized optical software designed specifically for their field. Optical engineering metrology uses optical methods to measure micro vibrations with instruments like the laser speckle interferometer or to measure the properties of the various masses with instruments measuring refraction . See also Optical lens design Optician Optical physics SPIE Code V Zemax HEXAGON optical software References references Further reading Driggers, Ronald G. ed. 2003 . Encyclopedia of Optical Engineering. New York Marcel Dekker. 3 vols. ISBN 978 0824709402 Bruce H. Walker, Historical Review,SPIE Press, Bellingham, WA. ISBN 9780819478771. http link.aip.org link doi 10.1117 3.818136.ch2 FTS Yu & Xiangyang Yang 1997 Introduction to Optical Engineering , Cambridge University Press , ISBN 0251574935 . Technology footer Engineering stub Category Optics Category Engineering disciplines ar de Feinoptiker ... more details
Italic title Infobox journal title Optical Materials cover File Optical Materials.gif editor G. Boulon discipline Optics , Chemistry , Physics peer reviewed formernames abbreviation Opt. Mater. publisher Elsevier country frequency Monthly history 1992 present openaccess license impact 1.678 impact year 2010 website http www.elsevier.com wps find journaldescription.cws home 522512 description link1 http www.sciencedirect.com science journal 09253467 link1 name Online access link2 link2 name RSS http rss.sciencedirect.com publication science 5596 atom JSTOR OCLC 39097987 LCCN 93023084 CODEN OMATET ISSN 0925 3467 eISSN 1873 1252 Optical Materials is a Peer review peer reviewed scientific journal that publishes original papers and review articles on the design, synthesis, characterisation and applications of materials, suitable for various opticalinstrumentoptical device s. The journal also publishes papers about physical and chemical properties of such materials and their applications. Abstracting and indexing Optical Materials is abstracted and indexed in the following databases Chemical Abstracts Service Current Contents Engineering, Computing & Technology Compendex Compendex Engineering Index Inspec Scopus References Reflist External links Official 1 http www.elsevier.com wps find journaldescription.cws home 522512 description Category Optics journals Category Monthly journals Category Publications established in 1992 Category Elsevier academic journals Category English language journals sci journal stub ... more details
, not necessarily for visible light optical material that allows light into an opticalinstrument ... books?id uqo9AAAAIAAJ&pg PA26&dq optical window&cd 15 v onepage&q optical 20window&f false format Hardcover. 170 pgs. isbn 978 0 85109 021 4 ref In medical physics , the optical window is the portion .... In optics, it means a usually at least Float glass mechanically flat , sometimes optical flat ... , at least if it is designed for visible light. An optical window may be built into a piece of equipment such as a vacuum chamber to allow optical instruments to view inside that equipment. See also Optical window in biological tissue Radio window References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Optical Window Category Optical spectrum id Jendela optik no Optisk vindu pl Okno optyczne sr sv Optiskt ... more details
File Variable Optical Attenuator.jpg thumb Variable Optical Attenuator An optical attenuator is a device used to reduce the Power physics power level of an optical Signalling telecommunication signal , either in free space or in an optical fiber . The basic types of optical attenuators are fixed, step wise variable, and continuously variable. Fiber optic attenuator applications Attenuators are commonly used in fiber optic telecommunication communications , either to test power level margins by temporarily adding a calibrated amount of signal loss, or installed permanently to properly match transmitter and receiver levels. Sharp bends stress optic fibers and can cause losses. If a received signal is too strong a temporary fix is to wrap the cable around a pencil until the desired level of attenuation is achieved. ref http www.thefoa.org tech ref appln attenuators.html Using Attenuators With Fiber Optic Data Links ref However, such arrangements are unreliable, since the stressed fiber tends to break over time. Fixed fiber optic attenuators Fixed optical attenuators used in fiber optic systems may use a variety of principles for their functioning. Preferred attenuators use either doped fibers, or mis aligned splices, since both of these are reliable and inexpensive. Inline style attenuators are incorporated into patch cables. The alternative build out style attenuator is a small male female adapter that can be added on to other cables. ref http www.evergreencomm.com fiber optic attenuators.html ... etc. Built in variable fiber optic attenuators Built in variable optical attenuators may be either ... advantage, since commonly used test sequences can be run automatically. Attenuator instrument ... also Attenuation electromagnetic radiation Optical fiber cable Optical fiber connector Gap loss Attenuation sources and causes Optical power meter References See Wikipedia Footnotes on how to create ... Attenuator, Optical Category Fiber optics Category Optical devices Category Telecommunications equipment ... more details
Unreferenced date July 2009 A viewing instrument is a device used for viewing or examining an object or scene, or some electrical property or signal. In some cases the thing viewed is mathematical. The names of many viewing instruments is derived from the English language English suffix scope , meaning see , which derives from the scientific Latin suffix scopium , meaning a viewing instrument, which in turn originates from the ancient Greek language Greek verb skopein , meaning to examine . Glossary of types of viewing instrument binoculars Cinemascope cystoscope electroscope electrotachyscope endoscope fibrescope finderscope fluoroscope Galvanometer galvanoscope gastroscope gonioscope iconoscope kaleidoscope kinescope kinetoscope laryngoscope microscope oscilloscope Otoscope periscope phenakistoscope also phenakistiscope praxinoscope Rotoscope spectroscope stethoscope stereoscope stroboscope tachistoscope telescope teleidoscope viewfinder See also wiktionary scope Opticalinstrument Category Greek suffixes de skop ... more details
Unreferenced date April 2010 image Tribrach for surveying instruments.JPG right thumb A tribrach with an optical plummet the black cylinder pointing to the left lower corner of the image . Image View through optical plummet.jpg right thumb View through an optical plummet of a prism adapter. Image Surveyors tripod head.jpg right thumb The head of a Tripod surveying surveyors tripod with the screw for mounting the tribrach. Components Of A Tribrach In surveying science, a tribrach is an attachment plate used to attach a see theodolite , total station, GNSS Antena or target to a tripod. A tribrach allows a survey instrument to be repeatedly placed in the same position with sub mm precision, by just loosening and re tightening a locking screw. The device consists of two triangular metal plates connected at their corners by thumbscrews a bubble level a locking mechanism and an optical plummet. In the bottom plate of the tribrach there is a 5 8 UNC thread bolt hole which is used to attach the tribrach to the tripod. In the top plate of the trbrach there are three small holes and a locking mechanism which allows survey equipment to be placed into the tribrach and locked in place. Some modern total stations have a LASER plummet which allows the instrument to be positioned over a monument controlpoint. Other tribrachs have an optical plummet with either a bullseye or cross hair sight for positioning the instrument. The oldest tribrachs require a plumb line to allow them to be positioned accurately over a point and are slower to set up. Using A Tribrach Optical plumet The tribrach is attached to the tripod and placed over the monument. Looking through the optical plummet pick up two of the tripod legs and position the cross hairs over the monument. Tread all three legs into the grass, bitumen, concrete. Look through the optical plummet and using the thumbscrews put the cross hairs back over the monument. Adjsut the level of the tribrach by slackening the tripod screws and sliding ... more details
Optical wireless is the combined use of opticaloptical fiber optical fibre and wireless radio radio frequency communication to provide telecommunications telecommunication to clusters of end points which are geographically distant. The high capacity optical fibre is used to span the longest distances, and a lower cost wireless link carries the signal for the last mile to nearby users. Sources http searchmobilecomputing.techtarget.com sDefinition 0,,sid40 gci760820,00.html Definition Optical Wireless , SearchMobileComputuing website. Optical communication Telecommunications telecom stub Category Optical communications Category Local loop ... more details
An optical dilatometer is a non contact device able to measure thermal expansions or sintering kinetics of any kind of materials, unlike traditional push rod dilatometer, it can push up to the dilatometric softening of the specimen. It is a device for measuring changes in the dimensions of a specimen, optically, the achieved resolution can results in greater values than those of a conventional pushrod dilatometer. A monochromatic light source, such as a laser , illuminates the specimen. Some of the light is reflected by the specimen and interferes with the incoming light, creating optical interference fringe s. As the specimen contracts or expands, there is a proportional movement of the interference ... by the wavelength of the light, and is typically 0.5 micrometer m for blue light. Optical dilatometers are used to measure thermal expansion . The optical dilatometer is in fact complementary ... of materials, as a function of temperature, and no contact between specimen and instrument is required. Structure and types The most recent types of optical dilatometer use a direct beam system so ... high Optical resolution resolution image sensor it is possible to achieve good resolutions, although ... below 1500 micrometers, it is possible to achieve images with an actual Optical resolution ... major types of optical dilatometers which are currently in use Horizontal OD the rod specimen is laid ... because the optical system follows the horizontal movements of small portions of the specimen ... decreases and trapped gas is then free to exit. History The first optical dilatometer was invented ... fields of science and engineering. In particular, the use of optical methods has been playing ... expansion and it may attain nanometric resolution. This is the type of instrument used by the suppliers ... to the electronic dilatometer . Optical dilatometers are used along traditional dilatometers in ceramics for non destructive testing of a sample s behavior during a thermal treatment. Optical dilatometers ... more details
Dawes ref with 30 optical scientists and instrument makers based in Rochester, New York. OSA soon ...Infobox Non profit Non profit name Optical Society Non profit logo Non profit type Professional organization founded date 1916 founder location Washington, DC, United States origins Founded by optical ... www.osa.org tax exempt dissolved footnotes The Optical Society originally established as the Optical ... the Optical Society of America, The Industrial Physicist, Dec. 2003 Jan. 2004, pp. 29 30. ref As of 2012 ... as the Optical Society of America and has evolved into a global enterprise with a worldwide constituency. In recognition of this, the society was renamed in 2008 as the Optical Society OSA . ref ... ref Mission The mission of the Optical Society is to promote the generation, dissemination, application ... review articles. Applied Optics , 1962 present, covering research on optical technology. Biomedical ... sciences. Journal of the Optical Society of America , 1917 1983, ref cite web url http www.opticsinfobase.org ... which was split into two journals in 1984 Journal of the Optical Society of America A , 1984 present, covering research on optics, image science, and vision. Journal of the Optical Society of America B , 1984 present, covering research on optical physics Optical Materials Express , 2010 present, covering advances in novel optical materials, their properties, modeling, synthesis and fabrication techniques ... publication of short papers in all fields of optical science and technology. Optics Letters , 1977 ... Letters , 2006 present. Published by Science Press of China . Journal of Optical Communications and Networking ... Engineers IEEE . Published from 2002 2009 as Journal of Optical Networking . Journal of Display ... Technology , 1998 present. Jointly published by OSA and IEEE. Journal of Optical Technology , 1999 ... Optical Institute S. I. Vavilov State Optical Institute and D. S. Rozhdestvensky Optical Society. Journal of Optical Society of Korea , 2007 present ISSN 1226 4776 . Magazine Optics and Photonics ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 The path that light takes in traversing an optical system is often called the optical path . The physical length of an optical device can be reduced to less than the length of the optical path by using folded optics . The optical path length as defined in optics is the length of the path multiplied by the index of refraction of the medium. See also Optical path length DEFAULTSORT Optical path Category Optics Optics stub de Strahlengang it Cammino ottico sv Str lg ng ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 An optical link is a communications link that consists of a single end to end optical circuit. A cable of optical fiber , possibly concatenated into a dark fiber link, is the simplest form of an optical link. Other forms of optical link can include single colour links over a wavelength division multiplex infrastructure, and or links that use optical amplifier s to compensate for attenuation over long distances. Other forms of optical links include free space optical communication links. Also in the railways optical is used in two forms depending upon the whether the feeding station is main or not. Thus for main stations it is sain to be long hall and for all remaining stations it is to be short hall. See also colbegin 3 Light Peak Optical interconnect Parallel optical interface Interconnect bottleneck Optical communication Optical cable Transimpedance amplifier Photo diode VCSEL PIN diode Green computing InfiniBand InfiniBand Trade Association Fibre channel HDMI PCI Express Active cables Small form factor pluggable transceiver Terabit Ethernet 100 Gigabit Ethernet 10 Gigabit Ethernet Optoelectronics Data center High performance computing Cloud computing CXP connector Active Cables C Form factor Pluggable Fiber optic communication List of device bandwidths colend DEFAULTSORT Optical Link Category Optical communications Telecom stub ... more details
Unreferenced date August 2009 Optical microspheres photonic atoms are high quality factor optical resonator s used for active and passive photonic applications such as microlaser cavities and filters. Category Optics optics stub ... more details
Optical networking can refer to Optical communication Fiber optic communication Synchronous optical networking Optical Transport Network OTN Passive optical network disambig Short pages monitor This long comment was added to the page to prevent it being listed on Special Shortpages. It and the accompanying monitoring template were generated via Template Longcomment. Please do not remove the monitor template without removing the comment as well. ... more details
unreferenced date September 2009 Image optical train.jpg thumb 250px right An optical train showing the arrangement and angle of lenses and mirrors to guide the laser. Optical train also called optical assembly is the arrangement of lens optics lenses to guide Line of sight propagation line of sight and lasers. The position and angle of lenses are adjusted to guide a laser through the path required. optics stub Category fiber optics ... more details
Image fibreoptic.jpg thumb right A bundle of optical fibers Image Fiber optic illuminated.jpg thumb A TOSLINK fiber optic audio cable being illuminated at one end Image Optical fibre junction box.jpg thumb right An optical fiber junction box. The yellow cables are Single mode optical fiber single mode fibers the orange and blue cables are Multi mode optical fiber multi mode fibers 50 125 m OM2 and 50 125 m OM3 fibers respectively. An optical fiber American and British English spelling differences re, er or optical fibre is a flexible, transparent fiber made of a pure glass silica not much thicker ... science and engineering concerned with the design and application of optical fibers is known as fiber optics . Optical fibers are widely used in fiber optic communication s, which permits transmission ..., including sensor s and fiber laser s. Optical fibers typically include a transparency transparent core optical fiber core surrounded by a transparent Cladding fiber optics cladding material with a lower ... of optical fiber is more complex than joining electrical wire or cable. The ends of the fibers ... or by fusion splicing fusing them with heat. Special optical fiber connector s for removable ... cite book last Bates first Regis J title Optical Switching and Networking Handbook publisher McGraw ... to act as an optical fiber. ref cite journal author Wells, J. issue 6210 pmid 2918918 doi 10.1038 ... medical examinations by Heinrich Lamm in the following decade. Modern optical fibers, where ... nobel prizes physics laureates 2009 sciback phy 09.pdf Two Revolutionary Optical Technologies ... the gastroscope, Curtiss produced the first glass clad fibers previous optical fibers had relied ..., D.C., to transmit voice signals over an optical beam. ref name SDU Jones, Newell. http history.sandiego.edu ... the secure transport of light that would be offered by fiber optical systems. In the late 19th and early ... scientist at Tohoku University , also proposed the use of optical fibers for communications ... more details
Mergeto diffraction limit date June 2009 Optical superresolution is a general term for optical techniques which operate beyond the normal diffraction limit . See also Super resolution Superoscillation Category Physical optics physics stub optics stub ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 File Optical Circulator symbol.jpg thumb Optical Circulator symbol An optical circulator is a special optical fiber fiber optic component that can be used to separate optical signals that travel in opposite directions in an optical fiber , analogous to the operation of an electronic circulator . An optical circulator is a three port device designed such that light entering any port exits from the next. This means that if light enters port 1 it is emitted from port 2, but if some of the emitted light is reflected back to the circulator, it does not come out of port 1, but instead exits from port 3. Circulators can be used to achieve bi directional transmission over a single fiber. Because of its high optical isolator isolation of the input and reflected optical powers and its low insertion loss , optical circulators are widely used in advanced fiber optic communications communication systems and fiber optic sensor applications. Optical circulators are non reciprocal optics, which means that changes in the properties of light passing through the device are not reversed when the light passes through in the opposite direction. This can only happen when the symmetry of the system is broken, for example by an external magnetic field . A Faraday rotator is another example of a non reciprocal optical device. See also Optical isolator http patft.uspto.gov netacgi nph Parser?Sect1 PTO2&Sect2 HITOFF&p 1&u 2Fnetahtml 2FPTO 2Fsearch adv.htm&r 1&f G&l 50&d PTXT&S1 5909310.PN.&OS pn 5909310&RS PN 5909310 US Patent 005909310 DEFAULTSORT Optical Circulator Category Optical devices Optics stub ca Circulador ptic ... more details
Image Optical Interleaver.gif thumb 400px right Illustration of the function of an optical interleaver and de interleaver An optical interleaver is a 3 port passive fiber optics fiber optic device that is used to combine two sets of dense wavelength division multiplexing DWDM channels odd and even channels into a composite signal stream in an interleaving way. For example, optical interleaver takes two multiplexed signals with 100 GHz spacing and interleaves them, creating a denser DWDM signal with channels spaced 50 GHz apart. The process can be repeated, creating even denser composite signals with 25 GHz or 12.5 GHz spacing. The device can be used in a reverse direction, forming an optical deinterleaver that separates a denser DWDM signal into odd channels and even channels. See schematic diagram. For example, in most DWDM equipment, the standard channel spacing is 100 GHz. But spacing the signal carrying frequencies every 50 or even 25 GHz can double or even quadruple the number of channels per fiber. Thus, optical interleaver can expand the number of channels per fiber, and devices and or networks can be upgraded without requiring that all devices be upgraded. Optical interleaver is based on multiple beam interference . Currently, there are two approaches to building optical interleaver 1 Step phase Michelson interferometer , and 2 birefringence Birefringent crystal networks. The former is based on Michelson interferometer combined with Gires Tournois interferometer . Image Interleaver Spectrum.jpg frame 622px center Transmission spectra of 50 100 GHz optical interleaver at three temperatures See also Optical add drop multiplexer External links http www.optoplex.com Optical Interleaver.htm Optical Interleaver for fiber optic communications Category Fiber optic communications Interleaver, optical Category Optical devices Interleaver, optical Category Photonics ... more details
For the optic axis of a crystal Optic axis of a crystal Image Optical axis en.png thumb 300px Optical axis coincides with red ray and rays symmetrical to optical axis pair of blue and pair of green rays propagating through different lenses. An optical axis is a line along which there is some degree of rotational symmetry in an optics optical system such as a camera lens or microscope . The optical axis is an imaginary line that defines the path along which light propagates through the system. For a system composed of simple lens optics lenses and mirror s, the axis passes through the center of curvature of each surface, and coincides with the axis of rotational symmetry . The optical axis is often coincident with the system s mechanical axis, but not always, as in the case of off axis optical system s. For an optical fiber , the optical axis is along the center of the fiber core , and is also known as the fiber axis . See also Ray optics Cardinal point optics Boresight References FS1037C DODDIC Category Geometrical optics de Optische Achse Optik et Optiline telg eo Optika akso ko id Sumbu optis it Asse ottico nl Optische as optica ja pl O optyczna ru sk Optick os sl Opti na os tr Optik eksen uk zh ... more details
Orphan date April 2010 Cleanup date April 2010 The Optical Wizard is an online automated lens calculator, invented by William Bridson and a group of engineers from Navitar Inc. in Rochester, NY . The Optical Wizard received a patent from the US government in 2006, as the first automated lens selection tool of its kind. The tool is utilized by optical, mechanical, and electrical engineers, along with researchers and physicists to find quick automated, calculation free solutions for machine vision , automation, testing, measuring, assembly, inspection, electronic, and biomedical imaging applications. It comprises the steps of generating a set of user requirements that include a set of data defining the user s optical imaging specification generating a second data set defining optical characteristics of each of a plurality of standardized optical devices generating a set of programmed instructions for comparing the first data set with the second data set and, using a programmed computer to automatically select a combination of the optical devices that function to essentially satisfy the user s optical imaging specifications. References http www.encyclopedia.com doc 1G1 157642196.html http patft.uspto.gov netacgi nph Parser?Sect1 PTO1&Sect2 HITOFF&d PALL&p 1&u 2Fnetahtml 2FPTO 2Fsrchnum.htm&r 1&f G&l 50&s1 7,149,662.PN.&OS PN 7,149,662&RS PN 7,149,662 http www.imveurope.com products product details.php?product id 858 http news.thomasnet.com fullstory 801216 External links http www.opticalwizard.com Optical Wizard Category Optical devices Category Web applications ... more details
Refimprove date May 2007 Optical communication is any form of telecommunication that uses light as the transmission medium . An optical communication system consists of a transmitter , which encodes a message into an optical signal information theory signal , a channel communications channel , which ... optical signal. Forms of optical communication File Bundesarchiv Bild 102 09520, Kieler Hafen, Abfahrt der Deutschen Hochseeflotte.jpg thumb Naval signal There are many forms of non technological optical ... s, ship flags , smoke signals , and beacon beacon fires were the earliest form of technological optical ... an Aldis lamp to communicate with planes whose radio failed. Free space optical communication is also used today in a variety of applications. Optical fiber communication Main article Fiber optic communication . Optical fiber is the most common type of channel for optical communications, however, other types of optical waveguide s are used Light Peak within computers or communications gear, and have ... trials. The transmitters in optical fiber links are generally light emitting diode s LEDs or laser diode s. Infrared light, rather than visible light is used more commonly, because optical fibers transmit ... optical phase and frequency modulation have been demonstrated in the lab. The need for periodic ... , which extended link distances at significantly lower cost. Free space optical communication Main article Free space optical communication . Free Space Optics FSO systems are generally employed for last ... Line of sight propagation line of sight between the source and the destination, and the optical ... of low data rate, short distance free space optical communications using LEDs. Other free space ... subsystems. ref cite web last Wilson first K. title Recent Development in High Data Rate Optical Communications ... Technical Reports Server accessdate 4 October 2011 ref See also Commons category Optical communication Laser Optical telegraph Heliograph Photophone Telegraph Jun Ichi Nishizawa an inventor of optical ... more details
Refimprove date December 2009 Optical storage is a term from engineering referring to the storage of data on an optically readable medium. Data is recorded by making marks in a pattern that can be read back with the aid of light , usually a beam of laser light precisely focused on a spinning disc. An older example, that does not require the use of computers, is microform . There are other means of optically storing data and new methods are in development. Optical storage differs from other computer data storage data storage techniques that make use of other technologies such as magnetism or semiconductor s. Optical storage can range from a single drive reading a single CD ROM to multiple drives reading multiple discs such as an optical jukebox . Single compact discs can hold around 700MB megabyte s and optical jukebox es can hold much more ref Compact Disc http en.wikipedia.org wiki Compact Disc ref . The term optical drive usually refers to a device in a computer that can read CD ROM s or other optical disc s. It is estimated that in the year 2007, optical storage represents 27 of the world s technological capacity to store information ref name HilbertLopez2011 http www.sciencemag.org content 332 6025 60 The World s Technological Capacity to Store, Communicate, and Compute Information , especially http www.sciencemag.org content suppl 2011 02 08 science.1200970.DC1 Hilbert SOM.pdf ... also Data storage device the broader topic of all devices that store data. Optical Media board disc modern optical discs such as CD ROM s and related formats. Optical Jukebox Optical disc drive Optical tape more capacity than magnetic tape but not as cost effective Magneto optical drive combines Optical ... data storage media. HDSS Holographic Data Storage Systems potential new optical storage technology. 3D optical data storage potential new optical storage technology. Optical Storage Technology Association industry trade association References Reflist Optical storage media DEFAULTSORT Optical Storage ... more details
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