Geological era The Paleoproterozoic IPAc en icon p e l . o p r o t r z o . k also Palaeoproterozoic is the first of the three sub divisions era geology eras of the Proterozoic occurring between Ma 2500 1600 . This is when the continents first stabilized. This is also when cyanobacteria evolved, a type of bacteria which uses the biochemical process of photosynthesis to produce energy and oxygen . Paleontological evidence on the Earth s rotational history suggests that 1.8 billion years ago, there were about 450 days in a year, implying 20 hour days. ref Giorgio Pannella http www.springerlink.com content u4pl7170jr5427t6 Paleontological evidence on the Earth s rotational history since early precambrian Astrophysics and Space Science 16.2 1972 212 ref Paleoatmosphere Before the significant increase in atmospheric oxygen almost all life that existed was wikt anaerobic anaerobic , that is, the metabolism of life depended on a form of cellular respiration that did not require oxygen. Free oxygen in large amounts is toxic to most anaerobic organism anaerobic bacteria . It is widly believed that the majority of existent wikt anaerobic anaerobic life on Earth died off. The only life that remained was either resistant to the oxidizing and poisonous effects of oxygen, or spent its life cycle in an oxygen free environment. This main event is called the oxygen catastrophe . Lifeforms The crown eukaryotes , from which all modern day eukaryotic lineages have arisen have been dated to the paleoproterozoic eon. By 1 Gy the latest common ancestors between the ciliate and flagellate ... 91 123 doi 10.1016 j.earscirev.2004.02.003 ref Commons category Paleoproterozoic See also Impact ... paleoproterozoic.shtml EssayWeb Paleoproterozoic Era http www.newscientist.com article mg20527461.100 ... br Paleoproterozoeg ca Paleoproterozoic de Pal oproterozoikum et Paleoproterosoikum es Paleoproterozoico ... simple Paleoproterozoic sk Paleoproterozoikum sh Paleoproterozoik fi Paleoproterotsooinen ... more details
The Matachewan hotspot was a volcano volcanic hotspot geology hotspot responsible for the creation of the large 2,500 to 2,450 million year old Matachewan dike swarm , as well as continental rift ing of the Superior craton Superior and Hearne craton Hearne craton s during the Paleoproterozoic period. See also Portal Volcanism of Canada Volcanism of Canada Volcanism of Eastern Canada Mackenzie hotspot Great Lakes Tectonic Zone References http www.mantleplumes.org WebDocuments Bleeker 20& 20Ernst 20IDC5 20paper.pdf Short lived mantle generated magmatic events and their dyke swarms The key unlocking Earth s paleogeographic record back to 2.6 Ga coord missing Ontario Category Volcanism of Ontario Category Hotspots of North America Category Paleoproterozoic volcanism Ontario geo stub Volcanology stub ... more details
image North america basement rocks.png right thumb 250px North America cratons and basement rock. The Rae craton is an Archean craton located in northern Canada north of the Superior craton . Ungava Peninsula The Ungava Peninsula , situated on the northeast portion of the Canadian Shield , is where the Rae Province connects with the Superior Province. The area is composed of Archean rocks ca. 2.7 2.9 Ga from the Douglas Harbour Domain see Superior craton . The Rae Craton Archean rocks are overlain by Paleoproterozoic supracrustal Sequence geology sequences ca. 1.8 2.1 Ga and intrusion intruded by Paleoproterozoic diabase Dike geology dykes ca.2.0 2.2 Ga . The supracrustal rocks comprise nappe s that form part of the Ungava and Labrador Trough geology troughs . In the zone east of the Labrador Trough axis, the Paleoproterozoic deformation reworked the Archean rocks of the Douglas Harbour Domain, as well as the Paleoproterozoic diabase dykes. The metamorphic conditions which parallel the deformation increase from west to east and from middle amphibolite to granulite facies . uranium lead dating U Pb isotope analyses of zircon yield secondary ages around 1790 Ma. These results are interpreted as the age of metamorphism and indicate a reactivation of the northeastern margin of the Superior craton Superior Province during a Paleoproterozoic tectonic tectono Metamorphism metamorphic event, resulting from probable continent al collision. Madore, 2001 . See also Canadian Shield North American craton References Madore, L., and Y. Larbi. 2001 Regional structural character of the northeastern Ungava Peninsula Connection between the Rae and Superior provinces. St. John s 2001 Technical Programme SS2 Tectonic Integration of Circum Superior Orogens. Online Abstract http gac.esd.mun.ca gac 2001 seven sub program.asp?sess 98&form 10&abs no 118 Category Cratons Category Historical geology Category Geology of the Northwest Territories Category Geology of North America palaeo geo stub ... more details
Geobox Volcanic arc name Taltson Magmatic Zone other name image North america basement rocks.png image size 280 image caption Map of cratons and basement rock of North America. The Taltson Magmatic Zone is the north south trending green line extending from the Wyoming craton in the south to the southeastern end of the Rae craton in the north. country Canada region type Regions region Alberta region1 Northwest Territories length imperial length round length orientation highest highest elevation highest lat d highest lat m highest lat s highest lat NS N highest long d highest long m highest long s highest long EW W geology geology1 period Paleoproterozoic map map size map caption The Taltson Magmatic Zone is a zone of Paleoproterozoic magma tic rocks in the Canadian Shield , extending from Northern Alberta to the Northwest Territories . The magmatic zone was formed by subduction of oceanic crust along a pre existing continental margin , creating a continental volcanic arc . See also Portal Volcanism of Canada Great Bear Magmatic Zone Volcanism of Canada Volcanism of Northern Canada Volcanism of Western Canada References reflist Category Volcanism of Alberta Category Volcanism of the Northwest Territories Category Volcanic arcs Category Paleoproterozoic volcanism NorthwestTerritories geo stub NorthernAlberta geo stub Canada geology stub ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 Vaasa granite is a Migmatite migmatitic Paleoproterozoic garnet bearing Granite granitoid with variable amounts of gneiss ose enclaves. The name refers to occurrences at Vaasa , on the west coast of Finland . See also List of rock types DEFAULTSORT Vaasa Granite Regional geology stub Category Plutonic rocks ... more details
The Fox River Belt is a convert 300 km mi 0 abbr on long and convert 10 km mi 0 abbr on to convert 30 km mi 0 abbr on wide Paleoproterozoic geologic feature located in northern Manitoba , Canada . It consists of sedimentary rock sedimentary and mafic ultramafic igneous rock s. ref http adsabs.harvard.edu abs 2004AGUSM.V43A..08D Fractional Crystallization of Komatiitic Magma in the Proterozoic Fox River Belt Northern Manitoba ref References reflist Category Geology of Manitoba Category Proterozoic Canada geology stub ... more details
The Winnipegosis komatiite belt , also called the Winnipegosis komatiites , is a volcanic belt composed of komatiite in central Manitoba , Canada . It is part of a large igneous province surrounding much of the Superior craton called the Circum Superior Belt . ref http www.largeigneousprovinces.org May.html Ca. 1880 Ma Circum Superior LIP ref See also Portal Volcanism of Canada Volcanism of Canada Volcanism of Western Canada References reflist Category Volcanism of Manitoba Category Volcanic belts Category Paleoproterozoic volcanism Canada geology stub ... more details
The Winagami sill complex , also called the Winagami sills , is a Paleoproterozoic large igneous province of northwestern Alberta , Canada . It consists of a series of related sill geology sills that were formed between 1.89 and 1.76 billion years ago. The Winagami sill complex covers an area of Convert 120000 km2 mi2 abbr on . ref http www.thefreelibrary.com Igneous rock associations in Canada 3. Large Igneous Provinces LIPs ... a0124343378 Igneous rock associations in Canada 3. Large Igneous Provinces LIPs in Canada and adjacent regions 3 Ga to Present. ref See also Portal Volcanism of Canada Volcanism of Canada Volcanism of Western Canada Volcanism of Eastern Canada Volcanism of Northern Canada References reflist Large igneous provinces Alberta geo stub Canada geology stub coord missing Alberta Category Large igneous provinces Category Volcanism of Alberta Category Paleoproterozoic volcanism Category Sills geology ... more details
Image Matachewan and Mistassini dike swarms.png thumb right Map of the Matachewan and Mistassini dike swarms of Eastern Canada The Mistassini dike swarm is a 2.5 billion year old Paleoproterozoic dike swarm of western Quebec , Canada . It consists of mafic dike geology dikes that were intrusion intruded in the Superior craton of the Canadian Shield . With an area of Convert 100000 km2 mi2 abbr on , the Mistassini dike swarm stands as a large igneous province . ref http www.thefreelibrary.com Igneous rock associations in Canada 3. Large Igneous Provinces LIPs ... a0124343378 Igneous rock associations in Canada 3. Large Igneous Provinces LIPs in Canada and adjacent regions 3 Ga to Present. ref See also Portal Volcanism of Canada Matachewan dike swarm Volcanism of Canada Volcanism of Eastern Canada Volcanism of Northern Canada Volcanism of Western Canada References reflist Large igneous provinces Quebec geo stub Canada geology stub coord missing Quebec Category Dike swarms Category Volcanism of Quebec Category Paleoproterozoic volcanism ... more details
The Cheyenne Belt is the plate tectonics tectonic suture zone between the Archean age Wyoming craton to the north and the Paleoproterozoic age Yavapai province to the south. In runs through the southeastern quadrant of the state of Wyoming , USA . It was formed during the Paleoproterozoic Medicine Bow orogeny between 1.78 and 1.74 billion years ago when island arc s collided with the Wyoming craton. ref name wardCO cite web last Ward first Dustin title The Cheyenne Belt url http www.colorado.edu GeolSci Resources WUSTectonics CheyenneBelt index.html work Tectonics of the Western U.S. publisher University of Colorado accessdate 5 January 2011 ref This is an example of a convergent boundary in Tectonics. The exposed geology consists of a series of northeast Strike and dip striking, steeply dipping shear zone s. ref name wardCO References references tectonics stub Category Geology of Wyoming ... more details
The Marathon Large Igneous Province is a Paleoproterozoic large igneous province along the southern Superior craton of Ontario , Canada , located around the northern margin of Lake Superior . It consists of three diabase dike swarm s known as Marathon, Kapuskasing and Fort Frances. The Kapuskasing and Marathon dike swarms range in age from about 2,126 to 2,101 million years old while the Fort Frances dike swarm is between 2,076 and 2,067 million years old. ref name SI http www.sciencedirect.com science? ob ArticleURL& udi B6VBP 4R3C0D0 1& user 10& coverDate 05 2F01 2F2008& rdoc 1& fmt high& orig search& sort d& docanchor &view c& searchStrId 1368463221& rerunOrigin google& acct C000050221& version 1& urlVersion 0& userid 10&md5 277ad3dabaeac8980f7bb33ae0d0189f The Paleoproterozoic Marathon Large Igneous Province New evidence for a 2.1. Ga long lived mantle plume event along the southern margin of the North American Superior Province ref A single, periodically active mantle plume was responsible for the creation of the Marathon Large Igneous Province due to the lack of apparent polar wander during the formation of the igneous province. ref name SI The large magmatic event covers an area of at least Convert 400000 km2 mi2 abbr on and the entire large igneous province was constructed in 60 million years. ref name SI See also Portal Volcanism of Canada Volcanism of Eastern Canada References reflist coord missing Ontario Large igneous provinces Category Volcanism of Ontario Category Large igneous provinces Category Dike swarms Category Hotspot volcanism Category Paleoproterozoic volcanism Category Lake Superior Ontario geo stub Canada geology stub ... more details
Image Matachewan and Mistassini dike swarms.png thumb right Map of the Matachewan and Mistassini dike swarm s of Eastern Canada The Matachewan dike swarm is a large 2,500 to 2,450 million year old Paleoproterozoic dike swarm of Northern Ontario , Canada . It consists of basalt ic dike geology dike s that were intrude d in greenschist , granite greenstone, and metamorphosed sedimentary terrain s of the Superior craton of the Canadian Shield . ref http adsabs.harvard.edu abs 1987asee....2Q....N Petrogenesis of basalts from the Archean Matachewan Dike Swarm Superior Province of Canada ref With an area of Convert 360000 km2 mi2 abbr on , the Mistassini dike swarm stands as a large igneous province . ref http www.thefreelibrary.com Igneous rock associations in Canada 3. Large Igneous Provinces LIPs ... a0124343378 Igneous rock associations in Canada 3. Large Igneous Provinces LIPs in Canada and adjacent regions 3 Ga to Present. ref See also Portal Volcanism of Canada Matachewan hotspot Volcanism of Canada Volcanism of Eastern Canada References reflist Large igneous provinces Category Dike swarms Category Volcanism of Ontario Category Paleoproterozoic volcanism Volcanology stub ... more details
The Siderian IPAc en icon s a d r i n lang el sideros , meaning iron is the first geologic geologic period period in the Paleoproterozoic era geology Era and lasted from 2500 annum Mya to 2300 Mya million years ago . Instead of being based on stratigraphy , these dates are defined chronometrically. Abundance of banded iron formation s BIFs peaked early this period. BIFs were formed as anaerobic algae produced waste oxygen that combined with iron , forming magnetite Fe sub 3 sub O sub 4 sub , an iron oxide . This process cleared iron from the oceans, presumably turning greenish seas clear. Eventually, without an oxygen sink in the oceans, the process created the oxygen rich Earth s atmosphere atmosphere of today. This event is known as the oxygen catastrophe , which according to some geologists triggered the Huronian glaciation . ref Paleoclimates The First Two Billion Years James F. Kasting & Shuehi Ono, 2006 http www.jstor.org stable 20209693 ref The Huronian glaciation took place in the Siderian between 2400 Mya and 2300 Mya. ref The Paleoproterozoic Snowball Earth A climate disaster triggered by the evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis Kopp et. al http www.pnas.org content 102 32 11131.full.pdf html ref References cite web title Siderian Period work GeoWhen Database url http www.stratigraphy.org geowhen stages Siderian.html accessdate January 5, 2006 Notes Reflist Proterozoic eon Geological history c Category Geologic time scale Category Proterozoic geochronology stub br Siderieg ca Sideri de Siderium es Per odo Sid rico eu Sideriar fr Sid rien ko it Sideriano nl Siderium ja nn Siderium pl Sider pt Sideriano ru sh Siderij uk vi K Sideros zh ... more details
Geobox Volcanic arc name Great Bear Magmatic Zone other name image image size 280 image caption country Canada region type Regions region Northwest Territories length imperial length round length orientation highest highest elevation highest lat d highest lat m highest lat s highest lat NS N highest long d highest long m highest long s highest long EW W geology geology1 period Proterozoic map map size map caption The Great Bear Magmatic Zone is a linear belt of Proterozoic magma tic rocks in the northwestern Canadian Shield of the Northwest Territories . It is convert 100 km mi 0 abbr on wide and convert 800 km mi 0 abbr on long, extending from Great Slave Lake in the south to Great Bear Lake in the northwest. It was formed about 1,810 million years ago as a result of continental arc volcanism when the Archean Slave craton started to collide with the Paleoproterozoic Hottah terrane to the west. ref http ginkgo.cisti.nrc.ca RPAS rpv?hm HInit&journal cjes&volume 38&afpf e00 094.pdf&calyLang eng Magmatic evolution of the southern Great Bear continental arc, northwestern Canadian Shield geochronological constraints ref Volcanics of the Great Bear Magmatic Zone range from basalt to rhyolite and geologic studies show the Great Bear Magmatic Zone is similar to modern continental volcanic arc s. ref http geology.geoscienceworld.org cgi content abstract 12 2 73 Continental intra arc depressions A nonextensional model for their origin, with a Proterozoic example from Wopmay orogen ref See also Portal Volcanism of Canada Taltson Magmatic Zone Volcanism of Canada Volcanism of Northern Canada References reflist coord missing Northwest Territories Category Volcanism of the Northwest Territories Category Volcanic arcs Category Paleoproterozoic volcanism NorthwestTerritories geo stub Canada geology stub ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Lunar geo time The Eratosthenian period in the lunar geologic timescale runs from 3,200 million years ago to 1,100 million years ago. It is named after the Eratosthenes crater crater Eratosthenes , whose formation marks the beginning of this period. The formation of the Copernicus lunar crater crater Copernicus marks its end, and the beginning of the subsequent Copernician Period. The massive basaltic volcanism of the Imbrian period tapered off and ceased during this long span of lunar time. The youngest lunar lava flows identified from orbital images are tentatively placed near the end of this period. Its Earth equivalent consists of most of the Neoarchean era Archean eon , Paleoproterozoic and Mesoproterozoic eras Proterozoic eon . Timeline Lunar Geological Timescale Category Lunar geologic periods Moon stub br Eratostenian ca Eratosteni da Eratosthenian es Per odo Eratosteniano fr ratosth nien it Eratosteniano nl Eratosthenium ru sv Eratosthenian vi K Eratosthenes ... more details
Unreferenced auto yes date December 2009 The Central Lapland Greenstone Belt CLGB is a greenstone belt located in the northern part of the Fennoscandian Shield . The region belongs to Lapland Finland Lapland , northern Finland . The CLGB is part of a much larger belt of Paleoproterozoic greenstones, a cover of metamorphism metamorphosed volcanic and sedimentary rocks that cover the Archean basement, the latter which is representative of the Archaean Karelian craton . Deposition of the cover sequence occurred between about 2.5 annum Ga and 1.8 Ga, thus it preserves information about History of Earth Earth s history from a period that encompass about 700 Ma. Thus, the CLGB records a prolonged and episodic history of rifting , sedimentation and magmatism before the collision and rift closure at about 1.9 Ga. The collision was related to the amalgamation of the supercontinent Columbia supercontinent Columbia . See also List of greenstone belts Coord missing Finland Greenstone belts Category Volcanoes of Finland Category Greenstone belts Category Archean volcanism Category Proterozoic volcanism Category Geology of Finland Category Geologic formations Regional geology stub ... more details
GOE may mean Government Olympic Executive Goldthorpe railway station , England National Rail station code GOE Grade of Execution in the ISU Judging System figure skating Great Oxygenation Event , a massive environmental change at the beginning of the Paleoproterozoic era. Gaussian Orthogonal Ensemble , an ensemble used in Random matrix theory. Gouais blanc , French wine grape also known as Goe Special forces Special Operations Group Argentina , Grupo de Operaciones Especiales, a special operations force of the Argentine Air Force GOE Brazil , Grupo de Opera es Especiais Grupo de Opera es Especiais Portugal , a special operations unit of the Portuguese Pol cia de Seguran a P blica. Grupo de Operaciones Especiales Spain , a special operations unit of the Spanish Army Miscellaneous GOE , an acronym invented by T man for a certain Prof with first name Edwin See also Go disambiguation disambiguation es GOE fr GOE it GOE ... more details
The Kangaamiut dike swarm old spelling Kang miut is a 2.04 billion year old dike swarm located in the Kangerlussuaq region of western Greenland . ref http www.geus.dk publications bull nr11 nr11 p061 086.pdf Mayborn, K.R. & Lesher, C.E. 2006 Origin and evolution of the Kang miut mafic dyke swarm, West Greenland. In Garde, A.A. & Kalsbeek, F. eds Precambrian crustal evolution and Cretaceous Palaeogene faulting in West Greenland. Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 11 , 61 86. ref The dikes cut Archean Gneiss orthogneisses and are exposed along approximately convert 150 km mi 0 abbr on of the coast and a similar distance up to the inland ice to the east, covering an area of about convert 18000 km2 mi2 abbr on . To the north it is bounded by the paleoproterozoic Ikertooq shear zone old spelling Ikert q while to the south the boundary is gradational with a gradual reduction in the density of dikes. References Reflist Greenland geo stub regional geology stub coord missing Greenland Category Dike swarms Category Geology of Greenland Category Kangerlussuaq ... more details
tholeiitic . Economic geology The Flin Flon Snow Lake greenstone belt is one of the largest Paleoproterozoic ... Category Volcanism of Saskatchewan Category Greenstone belts Category Paleoproterozoic volcanism ... more details
Dhala crater is an impact crater in the Shivpuri district in the Madhya Pradesh state of India . ref cite web last Dhingra first Deepak title Planetary impacts in focus publisher Current Science date 2008 11 25 url http www.ias.ac.in currsci nov252008 1394.pdf format PDF accessdate 2009 08 19 ref Its age is estimated between 1.7 and 2.1 billion years. Its diameter is estimated at 11 km. It is exposed at the surface. ref cite Earth Impact DB name Dhala accessdate 2009 08 19 ref Dhala Impact Structure is the third oldest impact structure in the Earth. It is highly eroded remnant of paleoproterozoic structure on granitiods. References reflist coord 25 18 N 78 8 E display title Impact cratering on Earth Category Impact craters of India Category Geography of Madhya Pradesh Category Proterozoic impact craters MadhyaPradesh geo stub Dhala is the largest impact structure currently known in the region between the Mediterranean and southeast Asia. ... more details
The Huronian glaciation or Makganyene glaciation extended from 2400 annum Mya to 2100 Mya, during the Siderian and Rhyacian periods of the Paleoproterozoic era, triggered by the Great Oxygenation Event oxygen catastrophe , which oxidised the atmospheric methane a greenhouse gas . It was one of the most severe and longest ice age s in geologic history, similar to the Snowball Earth ice ages that happened in the Neoproterozoic era. ref cite journal first Nick last Lane title First breath Earth s billion year struggle for oxygen journal New Scientist issue 2746 date 05 February 2010 doi url http www.newscientist.com article mg20527461.100 first breath earths billionyear struggle for oxygen.html A snowball period, c2.4 c2.0 Gya, triggered by the Oxygen catastrophe http ptc cam.blogspot.com 2010 02 first breath earths billion year.html ref ref cite journal author Williams G.E. Schmidt P.W. title Paleomagnetism of the Paleoproterozoic Gowganda and Lorrain formations, Ontario low palaeolatitude for Huronian glaciation journal EPSL year 1997 volume 153 issue 3 pages 157 169 url http www.cosis.net abstracts EAE03 08262 EAE03 J 08262.pdf format PDF doi 10.1016 S0012 821X 97 00181 7 bibcode 1997E&PSL.153..157W ref ref cite journal author Evans, D.A. Beukes, N.J. Kirschvink, J.L. title Low latitude glaciation in the Palaeoproterozoic era journal Nature volume 386 issue 6622 pages 262 6 date March 1997 doi 10.1038 386262a0 url http www.nature.com nature journal v386 n6622 abs 386262a0.html bibcode 1997Natur.386..262E ref ref cite journal first1 Robert E. last1 Kopp first2 Joseph L. last2 Kirschvink first3 Isaac A. last3 Hilburn first4 Cody Z. last4 Nash title The Paleoproterozoic snowball Earth A climate disaster triggered by the evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis journal Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. year 2005 volume 102 issue 32 pages 11131 6 url http www.pnas.org cgi reprint 0504878102v1 doi 10.1073 pnas.0504878102 pmid 16061801 pmc 1183582 bibcode 2005PNAS..10211131K ref I ... more details
Refimprove date February 2009 The Neoarchean IPAc en icon n i . o . r k i . n also spelled Neoarchaean is a geology geologic era geology era within the Archaean . It spans the period of time from Ma 2800 2500 &mdash the period being defined chronometrically and not referenced to a specific level in a rock section on Earth . Oxygenic photosynthesis first evolved in this era and was accountable for the oxygen catastrophe which was to happen later in the Paleoproterozoic from a poisonous buildup of oxygen in the atmosphere, produced by these oxygen producing photoautotrophs, which evolved earlier in the Neoarchean. The supercontinent Kenorland formed during this period, about 2.7 billion years ago. Archean Footer Geological history c Category Geologic time scale Category Archean 4 geochronology stub br Neoarkean ca Neoarque de Neoarchaikum et Neoarhaikum es Era Neoarcaica fr N oarch en id Neoarkean it Neoarcheano lt Neoarch jus hu Neoarchaikum ms Neoarkean nl Neoarche cum nn Neoarkeikum pl Neoarchaik pt Neoarqueano ru sk Neoarchaikum sh Neoarhaik fi Neoarkeeinen maailmankausi sv Neoarkeikum uk vi i T n Th i C zh ... more details
The Statherian IPAc en icon s t r i n lang el statheros , meaning stable, firm is the final geologic geologic period period in the Paleoproterozoic era geology Era and lasted from 1800 annum Mya to 1600 Mya million years ago . Instead of being based on stratigraphy , these dates are defined chronometrically. The period is characterized on most continent s by either new continental shelf platforms or final craton ization of fold belt s. The supercontinent Columbia supercontinent Columbia formed at the beginning of this period. References cite web title Statherian Period work GeoWhen Database url http www.stratigraphy.org geowhen stages Statherian.html accessdate January 5, 2006 archiveurl http web.archive.org web 20060512043023 http www.stratigraphy.org geowhen stages Statherian.html Bot retrieved archive archivedate May 12, 2006 cite journal author James G. Ogg title Status on Divisions of the International Geologic Time Scale journal Lethaia year 2004 volume 37 issue 2 pages 183 199 doi 10.1080 00241160410006492 Proterozoic eon Geological history c Category Geologic time scale Category Proterozoic geochronology stub br Statherieg ca Estateri de Statherium es Per odo Estat rico fr Stath rien ko it Statheriano nl Statherium ja pt Statheriano ru sh Staterij uk vi K Statheros zh ... more details
The Rhyacian IPAc en icon r a e s i n lang el rhyax , meaning stream of lava is the second geologic geologic period period in the Paleoproterozoic era geology Era and lasted from 2300 annum Mya to 2050 Mya million years ago . ref name geowhen cite web title Rhyacian Period work GeoWhen Database url http www.stratigraphy.org geowhen stages Rhyacian.html accessdate January 5, 2006 archiveurl http web.archive.org web 20060819001043 http www.stratigraphy.org geowhen stages Rhyacian.html Bot retrieved archive archivedate August 19, 2006 dead link date August 2010 ref Instead of being based on stratigraphy , these dates are defined chronometrically. ref name ogg cite journal author James G. Ogg title Status on Divisions of the International Geologic Time Scale journal Lethaia year 2004 volume 37 issue 2 pages 183&ndash 199 doi 10.1080 00241160410006492 ref The Bushveld Bushveld Complex and other similar intrusion s formed during this period. ref name ogg The Huronian glaciation Huronian Makganyene global glaciation began at the start of the Rhyacian and lasted until 2200 Mya ref cite journal doi 10.1073 pnas.0504878102 author Kopp et al. last2 Kirschvink first2 JL last3 Hilburn first3 IA last4 Nash first4 CZ title The Paleoproterozoic Snowball A climate disaster triggered by the evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis journal PNAS volume 102 issue 32 pages 11131 6 year 2005 month August pmid 16061801 pmc 1183582 bibcode 2005PNAS..10211131K ref The first known eukaryotes began to evolve in the Rhyacian period. The multicellular Francevillian Group Fossil s, at 2.1 Gyr old are from the Rhyacian period. ref name albani cite journal author1 El Albani, Abderrazak author2 Bengtson, Stefan author3 Canfield, Donald E. author4 Bekker, Andrey author5 Macchiarelli, Reberto title Large colonial organisms with coordinated growth in oxygenated environments 2.1 Gyr ago journal Nature volume 466 issue 7302 pages 100 104 year 2010 month July pmid 20596019 doi 10.1038 nature09166 u ... more details
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